He aha ka Ventricular Septal Defect? Nā Hōʻailona, Nā Kumu, & Lapaʻau

ʻO ka ventricular septal defect (VSD) kahi puka ma ka paia e hoʻokaʻawale ai i nā keʻena haʻahaʻa ʻelua o kou naʻau. ʻO kēia paia, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka septum, maʻamau e mālama ai i ke koko momona i ka oxygen mai ka hui ʻana me ke koko haʻahaʻa oxygen. Ke loaʻa kahi puka ma kēia paia, hiki i ke koko ke kahe mai kekahi ʻaoʻao i kekahi, e hana ana i kou naʻau e hana nui aku ma mua o ka mea e pono ai.

ʻO nā VSD ka ʻano maʻamau loa o ka hemahema naʻau congenital, ʻo ia hoʻi, aia mai ka hānau ʻana mai. He nui nā puka liʻiliʻi e pani pono iā lākou iho i ka ulu ʻana o nā keiki, ʻoiai nā mea nui e pono paha i ka nānā ʻana o nā kauka. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo maikaʻi, me ka mālama kūpono, nui nā poʻe me nā VSD e ola i nā ola olakino a hana nui.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka ventricular septal defect?

ʻAʻole pinepine nā VSD liʻiliʻi e hana i nā hōʻailona i ʻike ʻia, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā pēpē a me nā keiki ʻōpio. Hiki i kāu keiki ke ulu a hoʻomohala maʻamau me ka ʻike ʻole ʻana i kahi hemahema naʻau. Loaʻa nā puka liʻiliʻi he nui i nā nānā maʻamau ke lohe nā kauka i kahi murmur naʻau.

Ke hōʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona, pili pinepine lākou i ka naʻau e hana nui ana e pump i ke koko. Eia nā hōʻailona āu e ʻike ai, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā pēpē a me nā keiki ʻōpio:

• Paʻakikī ka hānai ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana, me ka luhi koke ʻana o nā pēpē i ka wā e hānai ai
• Hoʻemi ʻia ka loaʻa kaumaha a i ʻole ka ulu ʻana i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā keiki ʻē aʻe
• Hanu wikiwiki a i ʻole ka hanu pōkole, ʻoiai i ka wā hoʻomaha
• Nā maʻi hanu pinepine e like me ka pneumonia a i ʻole ka bronchitis
• Luhi nui a i ʻole ka luhi i ka wā pāʻani a i ʻole nā ​​hana maʻamau
• Ke kala uliuli a puni nā lehelehe, nā kui, a i ʻole ka ʻili (i kapa ʻia ʻo cyanosis)
• Ka hou ʻana o ka hou ʻana, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka wā e hānai ai a i ʻole ka hana kino

I kekahi mau hihia, ʻoi aku hoʻi me nā VSD nui aʻe, e ʻike paha ʻoe e pono kāu keiki i ka hoʻomaha nui aʻe ma mua o ka maʻamau a i ʻole e ʻike ʻia he emi iho kona ikaika ma mua o nā keiki ʻē aʻe o kona mau makahiki. Ke ulu nei kēia mau hōʻailona ma muli o ka hana nui ʻana o ka naʻau e uku no ke kahe koko keu.

ʻO nā mākua me nā VSD i hoʻoponopono ʻole ʻia i ka wā kamaliʻi e ʻike paha i ka ʻeha umauma, ka hahau naʻau kūpono ʻole, a i ʻole ka maʻalahi o ka hanu ʻole i ka wā e hoʻoikaika ai. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kēia ma muli o ka ʻike ʻia a me ka mālama ʻia ʻana o ka hapa nui o nā VSD nui i ka wā kamaliʻi.

He aha nā ʻano o ka ventricular septal defect?

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā VSD ma muli o kahi o ka puka i loko o ka septum a me kona nui. Ke kōkua nei ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau ʻano i nā kauka e hoʻoholo i ke ala mālama maikaʻi loa no kēlā me kēia kanaka.

Ma ka wahi, aia he ʻehā mau ʻano nui:

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• Perimembranous VSDs: Loaʻa kēia mau mea kokoke i ka ʻōnaehana uila o ka naʻau a ʻo ia ka ʻano maʻamau loa, e hana ana i kahi 80% o nā VSD a pau
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• Muscular VSDs: Aia kēia mau puka ma ka ʻāpana muscular o ka septum a pinepine e pani iā lākou iho i ka ulu ʻana o ka muscle
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• Inlet VSDs: Loaʻa kēia mau mea kokoke i nā valve inlet o ka naʻau a emi iho ka maʻamau akā pono paha e hoʻolohe nui ʻia
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• Outlet VSDs: Loaʻa kēia mau mea kokoke i nā moku e lawe ana i ke koko mai ka naʻau a hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā valves kokoke
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Ma ka nui, maʻamau nā kauka e hoʻokaʻawale i nā VSD ma ke ʻano he liʻiliʻi, waena, a nui paha. Ua kapa ʻia nā VSD liʻiliʻi ʻo

Hoʻomohala nā VSD i loko o nā hebedoma ʻewalu mua o ka hāpai ʻana, i ka wā e hoʻokumu ai ka naʻau o kāu pēpē. ʻAʻole maopopo mau ke kumu pololei, akā, hana ia i ka wā ʻaʻole i hoʻomohala piha ka septum i loko o kēia manawa koʻikoʻi.

I ka hapanui o nā hihia, hana nā VSD me ka ʻole o kekahi mea hoʻonāukiuki kikoʻī a i ʻole ke kumu hiki ke pale ʻia. Hiki i kāu mau genetics ke pāʻani i kahi kuleana, ʻoiai hiki i nā hemahema naʻau ke holo i nā ʻohana. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hōʻoia ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi moʻolelo ʻohana e loaʻa i kāu keiki kahi VSD.

He mau mea i loko o ka hāpai ʻana e hoʻonui paha i ka pilikia, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻokumu pololei i nā VSD:

• Nā kūlana genetic i like me ka Down syndrome a i ʻole DiGeorge syndrome
• Ka maʻi diabetes o ka makuahine ʻaʻole i hoʻomalu maikaʻi ʻia i ka wā hāpai
• Ke lawe ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā hāpai mua, ʻoiai kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hoʻoulu ʻana
• Nā maʻi viral i ka wā hāpai, e like me ka rubella
• Ka inu nui ʻana o ka waiʻona i ka wā hāpai
• Ka hōʻike ʻia ʻana i kekahi mau kemika a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻino

He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo inā loaʻa i kāu keiki kahi VSD, ʻaʻole ia he mea āu i hana hewa ai a i ʻole hiki ke pale ʻia. He paʻakikī ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka naʻau, a hana pinepine kēia mau hemahema ʻoiai ua hana pono nā mea a pau i ka wā hāpai.

I nā hihia kakaikahi, hiki i nā VSD ke hoʻomohala ma hope i ke ola ma muli o nā hoʻouka naʻau a i ʻole ka hōʻeha, akā ʻo ka hapa nui loaʻa mai ka hānau ʻana. I kekahi manawa hana nā VSD me nā hemahema naʻau ʻē aʻe ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o nā kūlana naʻau congenital paʻakikī.

I ka wā e ʻike ai i ke kauka no ka hemahema o ka ventricular septal?

Pono ʻoe e hoʻokaʻaʻike i ke kauka o kāu keiki inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau hōʻailona e hōʻike ana e hana nui ana kā lākou naʻau ma mua o ka maʻamau. Hiki i ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana ke hana i kahi ʻokoʻa nui i nā hopena.

Kāhea koke i kāu pediatrician inā hōʻike kāu pēpē i kēia mau hōʻailona hopohopo:

• Paʻakikī ka hānai ʻana, lōʻihi loa ma mua o ka maʻamau, a i ʻole ke hōʻole e ʻai
• Hanu e like me ka wikiwiki, ka luhi, a i ʻole ka ʻokoʻa mai ka maʻamau
• ʻAʻohe ulu kaumaha a i ʻole hāʻule ma hope o nā hōʻailona ulu
• ʻO ka huhū maʻamau ʻole a i ʻole ka luhi nui ma mua o nā pēpē maʻamau
• Keʻokeʻo uliuli a puni ka waha, nā lehelehe, a i ʻole nā ​​manikū

No nā keiki kahiko, e nānā i nā hōʻailona e like me ka luhi nui i ka wā pāʻani, ka pilikia e mālama i nā hoaaloha i ka wā o nā hana kino, a i ʻole ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i ka ʻeha umauma. Hiki nō hoʻi i nā maʻi hanu pinepine e ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka maʻamau ke hōʻailona i kahi pilikia naʻau.

E ʻimi koke i ka mālama lapaʻau inā loaʻa i kāu keiki nā pilikia hanu nui, lilo i uliuli, nalowale i ka ʻike, a i ʻole e hōʻike i nā hōʻailona o ka pilikia nui. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke hōʻike i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi e pono ai ka mālama koke.

ʻOiai inā he māmā nā hōʻailona, ​​he mea kūpono ke kūkākūkā i nā hopohopo me kāu kauka. ʻIke mua ʻia ka nui o nā VSD i ka wā o nā nānā maʻamau ke lohe nā kauka i nā murmurs naʻau, no laila he mea nui ka mālama ʻana i nā kipa pediatric maʻamau.

He aha nā kumu pilikia no ka hemahema septal ventricular?

ʻOi aku ka nui o nā VSD i hana ʻia ma ka manawa kūpono ʻole, akā hiki i kekahi mau mea ke hoʻonui i ka hiki ke hānau ʻia kahi pēpē me kēia hemahema naʻau. Hiki i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau kumu pilikia ke kōkua i nā ʻohana e noʻonoʻo, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kumu pilikia ʻaʻole ia he hōʻoia e hana ʻia ka VSD.

He kuleana nui nā kumu genetic i kekahi mau hihia:

• Mōʻaukala ʻohana o nā hemahema naʻau congenital, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā mākua a i ʻole nā ​​hoahānau
• Nā kūlana chromosomal e like me ka Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, a i ʻole DiGeorge syndrome
• Nā syndrome genetic ʻē aʻe e hoʻopilikia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka naʻau
• Ke hānau ʻia i nā mākua i loaʻa iā lākou nā hemahema naʻau congenital

Hiki i nā kūlana olakino makuahine a me nā kumu hāpai ke hoʻopilikia i ka pilikia:

• Ka maʻi suka i ʻole i kaohi maikaʻi ʻia ma mua a i ʻole i ka wā hāpai
• Kekahi mau maʻi maʻi i ka wā hāpai, ʻoi aku hoʻi ka rubella a i ʻole ka cytomegalovirus
• Ke lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā i ka wā hāpai mua, me kekahi mau lāʻau anti-seizure
• Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona i ka wā hāpai, ʻoi aku ka inu nui
• Ka makahiki makua kiʻekiʻe, ʻoiai hiki ke loaʻa nā VSD i kēlā me kēia makahiki
• Ka hōʻike ʻia ʻana i nā mea ʻino a i ʻole nā kemika kūloko

ʻAʻole manaʻo ia inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi a ʻoi aku paha nā mea pilikia, e loaʻa maoli i kāu pēpē kahi VSD. He nui nā pēpē me nā mea pilikia he nui i hānau ʻia me nā naʻau maʻamau loa, ʻoiai kekahi poʻe ʻē aʻe me nā mea pilikia ʻole e loaʻa nā hemahema o ka naʻau. He paʻakikī ka ulu ʻana o ka naʻau a ʻaʻole hiki ke wānana piha.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā mea pilikia, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aʻo i ka nānā hou aku i ka wā hāpai, me nā ultrasound kūikawā e nānā i ka ulu ʻana o ka naʻau o kāu pēpē. Hāʻawi kēia i ka hoʻolālā mua a me ka hoʻomākaukau inā ʻike ʻia kahi hemahema o ka naʻau.

He aha nā pilikia hiki ke loaʻa i ka ventricular septal defect?

ʻAʻole pinepine nā VSD liʻiliʻi e hoʻoulu i nā pilikia a pinepine e pani iā lākou iho me ka ʻole o nā hopena lōʻihi. Eia naʻe, hiki i nā VSD nui ʻaʻole i mālama ʻia ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi ma hope o ka manawa e like me ka hana nui ʻana o ka naʻau e hoʻokuʻu i ke koko me ka maikaʻi.

ʻO nā pilikia maʻamau loa e ulu mālie a pili i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke kahe koko i nā māmā:

• Hypertension Pulmonary: Ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko i loko o nā arteries o ka mākū mai ka nui o ke kahe koko, hiki ke hōʻino mau i kēia mau kīʻaha
• Hāʻule o ka naʻau: Hoʻonui a nāwaliwali ka naʻau mai ka hana nui ʻana e pūpū i ke koko keu
• Nā maʻi mākū pinepine: ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka mākū i ka pneumonia a me nā maʻi hanu ʻē aʻe ma muli o ke kahe koko keu i nā mākū
• Nā pilikia ulu: ʻAʻole hiki i nā keiki ke loaʻa pono i ke kaupaona a ulu e like me ka manaʻo ma muli o ka hana nui ʻana o ko lākou naʻau
• Arrhythmias: Hiki ke ulu nā leo naʻau kūpono ʻole i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā keʻena naʻau

I nā hihia kakaikahi, hiki ke ulu kahi pilikia koʻikoʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo ka syndrome Eisenmenger. Hana kēia i ka wā e hoʻokau ai ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe i nā arteries o ka mākū i ke kahe koko i hope ma o ka VSD, e hoʻouna ana i ke koko haʻahaʻa oxygen i ke kino. Hana kēia i kahi kala ʻili uliuli a hiki ke weliweli i ke ola.

Aia kekahi poʻe me nā VSD i ka pilikia kiʻekiʻe iki no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka endocarditis, kahi maʻi o ka laina o loko o ka naʻau. ʻO ia ke kumu i manaʻo ai nā kauka i nā lāʻau antibiotic ma mua o nā kaʻina hana niho a i ʻole nā ​​​​kaʻina hana, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pono kēia no nā mea a pau me ka VSD.

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo maikaʻi, hiki ke pale ʻia ka hapa nui o nā pilikia me ka nānā pono a me ka mālama koke. Kūleʻa ka mālama hahai mau i nā kauka e hopu i nā pilikia hiki ke loaʻa i ka wā mua i ka wā maʻalahi loa lākou e mālama.

Pehea e hiki ai ke pale ʻia ka ventricular septal defect?

ʻAʻole hiki ke pale ʻia ka hapa nui o nā VSD no ka mea e hana kūlohelohe lākou i ka wā e ulu ana ka naʻau i ka wā hāpai mua. Eia naʻe, aia nā ʻanuʻu āu e hiki ai ke lawe i ka wā hāpai e kākoʻo i ke olakino naʻau holoʻokoʻa o kāu pēpē a hoʻemi i kekahi mau kumu pilikia.

Ma mua a i ka wā hāpai, hiki i kēia mau hana ke kōkua i ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka pilikia o nā hemahema naʻau congenital:

• E inu i nā mea hoʻohui folic acid e like me ka ʻōlelo aʻo ʻia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ke hoʻomaka ma mua o ka hāpai keiki
• E mālama pono i ka maʻi diabetes inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia maʻi
• E pale aku i ka waiʻona a me nā lāʻau hoʻonāukiuki āpau i ka wā hāpai
• E mālama i nā lāʻau hoʻoponopono, ʻoi aku hoʻi ka rubella, ma mua o ka hāpai keiki
• E hana pū me kāu kauka e hoʻokele i nā kūlana olakino lōʻihi
• E pale aku i ka pili ʻana i nā kemika ʻino a me nā mea ʻino i ka hiki
• Mai puhi a pale aku i ka ua puhi

Inā e inu ana ʻoe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau no nā kūlana e like me ka epilepsy, e hana pili pono me kāu mau kauka e ʻimi i nā koho palekana loa i ka wā hāpai. Mai hoʻōki loa i ka inu ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia me ka ʻole o ke alakaʻi lapaʻau, no ka mea, hiki i nā kūlana i kaohi ʻole ʻia ke hoʻopilikia pū.

Hiki ke kōkua ka ʻōlelo aʻo genetic inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka mōʻaukala ʻohana o nā hemahema naʻau a i ʻole nā kūlana genetic. Hiki i kahi kākāʻōlelo ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i kāu mau pilikia kūikawā a kūkākūkā i nā koho hoʻokolohua i loaʻa.

He mea nui ka mālama prenatal mau no ka nānā ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o kāu pēpē. Hiki i nā ultrasound naʻau kūikawā ke ʻike i nā VSD ma mua o ka hānau ʻana, e hiki ai i kāu hui lapaʻau ke hoʻolālā no kekahi mālama pono e pono ai ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka hemahema septal ventricular?

Ua ʻike mua ʻia ka nui o nā VSD i ka lohe ʻana o nā kauka i ka murmur naʻau i ka wā o nā nānā maʻamau. ʻO ka murmur naʻau kahi kani keu a ke koko e hana ai i kona kahe ʻana ma o ka puka ma ka septum. ʻAʻole nā ​​murmur āpau e hōʻike i nā pilikia, akā e hoʻoikaika lākou i nā kauka e noiʻi hou aku.

E hoʻomaka kāu kauka me kahi nānā kino, e hoʻolohe pono i ka naʻau a me nā māmā o kāu keiki. E nīnau lākou e pili ana i nā hōʻailona e like me ka pilikia o ka hānai ʻana, nā pilikia hanu, a i ʻole ka luhi maʻamau. Kēia loiloi mua e kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua e pono ai.

Hiki i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua ke hōʻoia i kahi ʻike VSD a hāʻawi i ka ʻike kikoʻī:

• Echocardiogram: Hōʻike kēia ultrasound o ka naʻau i ka nui o ka puka, kahi, a me ka nui o ke koko e kahe ana ma ia wahi.
• Chest X-ray: Hiki i kēia ke hōʻike inā ua nui ka naʻau a i ʻole inā nui ka kahe koko i nā māmā.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG): Hoʻopaʻa kēia hoʻokolohua i ka hana uila o ka naʻau a hiki ke ʻike i nā pilikia o ka rhythm a i ʻole ka hoʻoikaika ʻana o ka naʻau.
• Pulse oximetry: He hoʻokolohua maʻalahi ia e ana i nā pae oxygen i ke koko me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi sensor liʻiliʻi ma ka manamana lima.

I kekahi manawa, pono nā kauka i nā hoʻokolohua hou aku e like me ka catheterization o ka naʻau, kahi e hoʻokomo ʻia ai kahi tube lahilahi i loko o nā kīʻaha koko e kiʻi i ka ʻike kikoʻī hou aku e pili ana i nā kaomi i loko o ka naʻau a me nā māmā. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia kēia no nā hihia paʻakikī a i ʻole ke noʻonoʻo ʻia nei ka ʻoki kino.

I kekahi mau hihia, ʻike ʻia nā VSD ma mua o ka hānau ʻana i nā ultrasounds prenatal. Hāʻawi kēia i nā kauka e hoʻolālā no ka mālama kūikawā ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana inā pono. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole paha e ʻike ʻia nā VSD liʻiliʻi ma nā scans prenatal a ʻike ʻia ma hope aku i ka mālama pediatric maʻamau.

He aha ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka ventricular septal defect?

Aia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no nā VSD ma ka nui o ka puka, kou mau hōʻailona, ​​a me ke ʻano o ka hemahema i ka hana o kou naʻau. ʻAʻohe pono o ka lāʻau lapaʻau no nā VSD liʻiliʻi he nui ma mua o ka nānā mau ʻana, ʻoiai nā mea nui loa e pono ai ka hoʻoponopono ʻoki kino.

No nā VSD liʻiliʻi me nā hōʻailona ʻole, ʻōlelo maʻamau nā kauka i kahi ala ʻo ka "nānā kali". ʻO ia hoʻi nā nānā maʻamau e nānā i ka puka a ʻike inā pani ʻia ia iho. Ma kahi o 80% o nā VSD muscular liʻiliʻi e pani kūlohelohe ma ka makahiki 10, a nui nā perimembranous VSD e emi iki a pani loa.

Ke pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau, aia kekahi mau koho i loaʻa:

• Lāʻau lapaʻau: Hiki i kēia mau mea ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā hōʻailona e like me ka hāʻule o ka naʻau a i ʻole nā ​​​​rhythm kūpono ʻole i ka kali ʻana no ka ʻoki kino a i ʻole ka pani kūlohelohe
• Kākoʻo meaʻai: Hiki i nā pūhui calorie kiʻekiʻe kūikawā a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻano hānai ke kōkua i nā pēpē e loaʻa pono ka kaumaha
• Hoʻoponopono ʻoki kino: ʻO ka ʻoki kino naʻau ākea e hoʻoponopono i ka puka me nā humuhumu a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana i hana ʻia mai kou kino ponoʻī a i ʻole ka mea hana synthetic
• Pākuʻi hāmeʻa: He kaʻina hana liʻiliʻi invasive kahi i waiho ʻia ai kahi hāmeʻa liʻiliʻi ma o ka catheter e pani i kekahi mau ʻano o nā VSD

Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia ka ʻoki kino no nā VSD nui e hoʻokumu ana i nā hōʻailona, ​​​​pale i ka ulu maʻamau, a i ʻole e alakaʻi i nā pilikia e like me ka hypertension pulmonary. ʻO ka manawa o ka ʻoki kino e hilinaʻi ana i kou kūlana kūikawā, akā hana pinepine ʻia ma waena o nā makahiki 6 mahina a 2 mau makahiki no nā hopena maikaʻi loa.

Ua holomua loa ka nui o nā hoʻoponopono VSD, me kahi ma mua o 95% o nā ʻoki kino e loaʻa ana nā hopena lōʻihi maikaʻi loa. Ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono holomua, hiki i ka poʻe he nui ke komo i nā hana maʻamau āpau me ka ʻole o nā palena, ʻoiai e pono paha i kekahi poʻe ka mālama hoʻomau manawa i ko lākou ola.

Pehea e mālama ai i ka hemahema o ka ventricular septal ma ka home?

Inā loaʻa i kāu keiki kahi VSD, aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana ma ka home e kākoʻo i ko lākou olakino a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana. Hiki i ka hapa nui o nā keiki me nā VSD liʻiliʻi ke ola i nā ola maʻamau loa me kahi mau manaʻo hou aku.

No ka hānai ʻana a me ka meaʻai, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā pēpē, pono paha ʻoe e hana i kekahi mau hoʻoponopono:

• Hāʻawi i nā hānai liʻiliʻi a pinepine inā luhi koke kāu pēpē
• E hoʻohana i ka pūhui calorie kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hoʻoikaika waiū umauma inā kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu kauka
• E mālama i nā manawa hānai mālie a hoʻomaha e hōʻemi i ke kaumaha ma kāu pēpē
• E nānā pono i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha a mālama i nā ʻano hānai
• E noʻonoʻo e hoʻohana i ka nipple kahe wikiwiki inā hana nui kāu pēpē e ʻai

No ka hana ma kēlā me kēia lā a me ka ulu ʻana, hiki i ka hapa nui o nā keiki ke komo maʻamau i nā hana kūpono i ko lākou makahiki. Eia naʻe, pono paha ʻoe e nānā i nā hōʻailona e luhi nui ana kāu keiki ma mua o ka maʻamau a ʻae i ka hoʻomaha hou ke pono.

He mea nui loa ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o nā maʻi hanu no nā keiki me nā hemahema o ka naʻau. E hōʻoia e mālama ʻia kāu keiki i nā lāʻau āpau, holoi pinepine i nā lima, a pale aku i ka pili ʻana i nā poʻe maʻi ke hiki.

E mālama i nā hālāwai kūkākūkā maʻamau me ke kauka naʻau o kāu keiki, ʻoiai inā ua maikaʻi loa lākou. Kūleʻa kēia mau kipa i nā kauka e nānā i ka VSD a hopu i nā loli koke. Mai kānalua e kāhea i kāu kauka inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau hōʻailona hou a i ʻole he manaʻo kāu e pili ana i ke kūlana o kāu keiki.

Pehea ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau ai no kāu hālāwai me ke kauka?

Hiki i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no kāu hālāwai ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻohana pono i kou manawa me ke kauka a hōʻoia i ka pane ʻia o kāu mau manaʻo a pau. Hiki i ka lawe ʻana mai i ka ʻike kūpono a me nā nīnau ke alakaʻi i ka mālama maikaʻi a me ka maluhia o ka naʻau.

Ma mua o kāu hālāwai, e hōʻiliʻili i ka ʻike nui e pili ana i ke olakino o kāu keiki:

• E kākau i nā hōʻailona āu i ʻike ai, me ka wā e kū mai ai a me ka pinepine
• E mālama i ka moʻolelo hānai no nā pēpē, e hoʻomaopopo ana i ka nui o ka ʻai ʻana a me ka lōʻihi o ka hānai ʻana
• E hahai i ka ulu ʻana o kāu keiki, me ka kaumaha a me ke kiʻekiʻe
• E papa inoa i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a pau a me nā mea hoʻohui a kāu keiki e lawe nei
• E lawe mai i nā moʻolelo mai nā ho'āʻo naʻau mua a i ʻole nā ​​hālāwai me nā kauka ʻē aʻe
• E hoʻomaopopo i kekahi mōʻaukala ʻohana o nā pilikia naʻau a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana genetic

E hoʻomākaukau i nā nīnau e nīnau aku i kāu kauka. ʻO kekahi mau mea kōkua paha e komo pū:

• Ehia ka nui o ka VSD a ma hea maoli ia?
• He aha ka nui o ka hiki ke pani ʻia iho?
• Aia kekahi mau palena hana no kaʻu keiki?
• He aha nā hōʻailona e pono ai iaʻu ke kāhea koke aku iā ʻoe?
• Pehea pinepine mākou e pono ai i nā hālāwai hoʻomau?
• I ka wā hea paha e pono ai ka ʻoki kino, a he aha ia?

E noʻonoʻo e lawe mai i kahi hoa ʻohana a i ʻole hoaaloha i ka hālāwai, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e manaʻo hopohopo a luhi paha. Hiki iā lākou ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo i ka ʻike nui a hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo manaʻo i ka wā o nā kūkākūkā e pili ana i ke kūlana o kāu keiki.

He aha ka mea nui loa e pili ana i ka ventricular septal defect?

ʻO ka mea nui loa e hoʻomaopopo e pili ana i nā VSD, ʻo ia ka mea maʻamau loa a hiki ke hoʻokele ʻia. ʻOiai ke lohe ʻana ua loaʻa i kāu keiki kahi hemahema o ka naʻau, hiki ke hopohopo, ulu ka hapa nui o nā keiki me nā VSD i ola maʻamau loa, ola olakino.

Hoʻopā pinepine nā VSD liʻiliʻi iā lākou iho a ʻaʻole pinepine e hoʻoulu i nā pilikia. ʻO nā VSD nui aʻe e pono ai ka mālama ʻana hiki ke hoʻoponopono maikaʻi ʻia me nā hopena lōʻihi maikaʻi loa. Loaʻa nā ʻenehana ʻoki naʻau hou loa a palekana, me nā helu holomua ma luna o 95%.

ʻO ka mālama hoʻomau mau ka mea nui e nānā i ke kūlana o kāu keiki a hopu i nā loli koke. E alakaʻi aku kāu hui lapaʻau iā ʻoe ma kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu, mai ka ʻike mua a hiki i kekahi mālama e pono ai a me ka mālama lōʻihi.

E hoʻomanaʻo he kū hoʻokahi ke kūlana o kēlā me kēia keiki. ʻO ka mea nui loa ka hana pili me kāu poʻe lawelawe olakino, e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ke kūlana kikoʻī o kāu keiki, a mālama i ka manaʻolana. Me ka mālama kūpono a me ka nānā ʻana, ulu maikaʻi nā keiki me nā VSD a hiki ke komo piha i nā hana a pau a lākou e hauʻoli ai.

Nā nīnau pinepine e pili ana i ka ventricular septal defect

Hiki i kaʻu keiki ke pāʻani haʻuki me ka ventricular septal defect?

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā keiki me nā VSD liʻiliʻi e hiki ke komo i nā haʻuki a pau a me nā hana kino me ka ʻole o kekahi palena. E loiloi kāu kauka naʻau i ke kūlana kūikawā o kāu keiki a hāʻawi i ke alakaʻi ma muli o ka nui o ka hemahema a me ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o ko lākou naʻau. Hiki paha i nā keiki me nā VSD nui a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea i hana ʻia i ka ʻoki kino ke pono i kekahi hoʻololi hana, akā nui nā mea e hiki ke hauʻoli i nā haʻuki me ka ʻae kūpono o nā kauka.

E pono anei i kaʻu keiki ka ʻoki kino inā loaʻa iā lākou kahi VSD liʻiliʻi?

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā keiki me nā VSD liʻiliʻi ʻaʻole pono i ka ʻoki kino. Ma kahi o 80% o nā VSD muscular liʻiliʻi e pani maoli i ka makahiki 10, a nui nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e emi iki a pani loa i ka manawa. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka ʻoki kino no nā VSD nui e hoʻokumu ana i nā hōʻailona, ​​​​hoʻopilikia i ka ulu ʻana, a i ʻole e alakaʻi i nā pilikia e like me ka hypertension pulmonary.

He mea hoʻoilina anei ka VSD, a e loaʻa anei i kaʻu mau keiki ʻē aʻe?

ʻOiai hiki i nā genetics ke pāʻani i kahi kuleana i nā VSD, nui ka hapa nui me ka ʻole o kahi ʻano hoʻoilina maopopo. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o hoʻokahi keiki me ka VSD e hoʻonui iki i ka pilikia no nā keiki e hiki mai ana, akā ʻo ka pilikia holoʻokoʻa he haʻahaʻa loa. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā manaʻo e pili ana i nā kumu genetic, e kūkākūkā me kāu kauka a i ʻole e noʻonoʻo i ka ʻōlelo aʻo genetic no ka ʻike pilikino hou aku.

Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka ʻoki kino VSD, a pehea ka hoʻōla?

ʻO ka ʻoki kino VSD repair e lawe maʻamau i 2-4 mau hola, ma muli o ka paʻakikī o ka hemahema. Noho ka hapa nui o nā keiki ma ka haukapila no 3-7 mau lā ma hope o ka ʻoki kino. ʻO ka hoʻōla mua ma ka home e lawe maʻamau i 2-4 mau pule, i ka wā e hoʻonui mālie ʻia ai nā hana. Hiki i ka hapa nui o nā keiki ke hoʻi i nā hana maʻamau i loko o 6-8 mau pule, ʻoiai e hāʻawi kāu kauka i nā kuhikuhi kūikawā ma muli o ke kūlana o kāu keiki.

E pono anei i kaʻu keiki ka lāʻau naʻau no ke ola a pau ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o VSD?

ʻAʻole pono ka hapa nui o nā keiki i nā lāʻau puʻuwai lōʻihi ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono kūleʻa ʻana o ka VSD. Hiki i kekahi ke pono i nā lāʻau lapaʻau manawa pōkole i ka wā hoʻōla, akā i ka wā e ola hou ai ka puʻuwai mai ka ʻoki kino, ua hoʻopau pinepine ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Eia naʻe, ua ʻōlelo pinepine ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ke ola holoʻokoʻa me kahi cardiologist e nānā i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana a me ke olakino puʻuwai holoʻokoʻa, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau e pono ai.