Nā lāʻau anticholinergic a me nā antispasmodic (alawa waha, alawa parenteral, alawa rectal, alawa transdermal)

Akineton, Artane, Bentyl, Cantil, Cogentin, Colidrops Pediatric, Cystospaz, Dartisla ODT, Detrol, Ditropan, Ed-Spaz, Enablex, HyoMax, HyoMax-DT, HyoMax-FT, HyoMax-SR, Hyosyne, IB-Stat, Levsinex, Neosol, Norflex, Nulev, Oscimin, Oscimin-SR, Oxytrol, Pamine, Pro-Banthine, Pro-Hyo, Robinul, Sanctura, Scopodex, Spacol T/S, Spasdel, Symax, Symax Duotab, Symmetrel, Toviaz, Transderm Scop, Urispas, Vesicare, Buscopan, Levsin, Pms-Trihexyphenidyl, Transderm-V

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau anticholinergic a me nā antispasmodic he hui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e komo pū ana i nā alkaloids belladonna maoli (atropine, belladonna, hyoscyamine, a me scopolamine) a me nā huahana pili. Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau anticholinergic a me nā antispasmodic e hoʻomaha i nā ʻeha a i ʻole nā spasms o ka ʻōpū, nā ʻōpū, a me ka ʻōpū. Hoʻohana ʻia kekahi me nā antacids a i ʻole nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe i ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻeha peptic. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ʻē aʻe e pale aku i ka nausea, ka luaʻi, a me ka maʻi kaʻa. Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau anticholinergic a me nā antispasmodic i kekahi mau kaʻina hana ʻoki a me nā pilikia. I ka ʻoki kino, hāʻawi ʻia kekahi ma ka injection ma mua o ka anesthesia e kōkua i ka hoʻomaha ʻana iā ʻoe a e hoʻemi i nā mea huna, e like me ka saliva. I ka wā o ka anesthesia a me ka ʻoki kino, hoʻohana ʻia ka atropine, glycopyrrolate, hyoscyamine, a me ka scopolamine e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka puʻuwai maʻamau. Hoʻohana ʻia ka scopolamine e pale aku i ka nausea a me ka luaʻi ma hope o ka anesthesia a me ka ʻoki kino. Hāʻawi ʻia ka atropine ma ka injection e kōkua i ka hoʻomaha ʻana i ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻōpū no kekahi mau ʻano hana. Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau anticholinergic e mālama i ka ʻawaʻawa i hana ʻia e nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka neostigmine a me ka physostigmine, kekahi mau ʻano o nā ʻuala, a me nā kinoea “nerve” a i ʻole nā pesticides organic phosphorous (e laʻa, demeton [Systox®], diazinon, malathion, parathion, a me ronnel [Trolene®]). Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau anticholinergic no ka menstruation ʻeha, ka ihu kahe, a e pale aku i ka urination i ka wā hiamoe. Loaʻa wale nā lāʻau lapaʻau anticholinergic a me nā antispasmodic me ka palapala kauoha a kāu kauka. Loaʻa kēia huahana i nā ʻano dosage e hahai nei:

E haʻi aku i kāu kauka inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi hopena maʻamau ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kēia hui a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe. E haʻi pū aku i kāu limahana mālama ola inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā mea ʻaliki, e like me nā meaʻai, nā mea kala, nā mea mālama, a i ʻole nā ​​holoholona. No nā huahana kūʻai ʻole ʻia, e heluhelu pono i ka lepili a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻohui pūʻolo. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pīhoihoi maʻamau ʻole, ke hopohopo, ka hoʻomaha ʻole, a i ʻole ka huhū, a me ka mahana maʻamau ʻole, ka maloʻo, a me ka pulu ʻana o ka ʻili i nā keiki. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o nā keiki i ka hopena o nā anticholinergics. Eia kekahi, i ka hāʻawi ʻia ʻana o nā anticholinergics i nā keiki i ka wā wela, hiki ke piʻi koke ka mahana o ke kino. I nā pēpē a me nā keiki, ʻoi aku hoʻi nā mea me ka maʻi spastic a i ʻole ka pōʻino o ka lolo, hiki ke ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻokumu i nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi. Ua loaʻa ka pōkole o ka hanu a i ʻole ka pilikia o ka hanu i nā keiki e lawe ana i ka dicyclomine. Hiki ke ʻoi aku ka nui o ka huikau a i ʻole ka nalowale o ka hoʻomanaʻo; ka constipation; ka pilikia o ka urination; ka luhi; ka maloʻo o ka waha, ka ihu, ka ʻāʻī, a i ʻole ka ʻili; a me ka pīhoihoi maʻamau ʻole, ke hopohopo, ka hoʻomaha ʻole, a i ʻole ka huhū i nā ʻelemakule. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o nā ʻelemakule ma mua o nā mākua ʻōpio i ka hopena o nā anticholinergics. Eia kekahi, hiki ke loaʻa ka ʻeha o nā maka, ʻo ia paha ka hōʻailona o ka glaucoma. Inā ʻoe e hāpai a i ʻole inā hiki iā ʻoe ke hāpai, e hōʻoia i ka ʻike o kāu kauka inā loaʻa i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau kekahi o kēia mau mea: ʻOiai hiki i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke komo i ka waiū umauma, ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia lākou e hoʻokumu i nā pilikia i nā pēpē hānai. Eia naʻe, hiki ke emi ke kahe o ka waiū umauma i kekahi mau mea maʻi. Ua kūpono ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka dicyclomine a ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia i nā māmā hānai no ka mea ua hōʻike ʻia e hoʻokumu i nā pilikia hanu i nā pēpē. ʻOiai ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana pū ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, i nā hihia ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana pū ʻia ʻelua mau lāʻau lapaʻau ʻokoʻa ʻoiai inā hiki ke loaʻa kahi pilina. I kēia mau hihia, makemake paha kāu kauka e hoʻololi i ka nui, a i ʻole nā ​​​​palekana ʻē aʻe paha e pono ai. I ka wā e lawe ana ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau, he mea nui loa ia i kāu limahana mālama ola e ʻike inā ke lawe nei ʻoe i kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo nei. Ua koho ʻia nā pilina aʻe ma muli o ko lākou koʻikoʻi a ʻaʻole pono nā mea āpau. ʻAʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kēia papa me kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau aʻe. Hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻoholo ʻaʻole e mālama iā ʻoe me ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kēia papa a hoʻololi paha i kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe āu e lawe nei. ʻAʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kēia papa me kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau aʻe, akā hiki ke koi ʻia i kekahi mau hihia. Inā kuhikuhi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻelua, hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻololi i ka nui a i ʻole ka pinepine o kāu hoʻohana ʻana i hoʻokahi a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau lapaʻau ʻelua. ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā a i ʻole kokoke i ka wā e ʻai ai i ka meaʻai a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana i kekahi mau ʻano meaʻai no ka mea hiki ke loaʻa nā pilina. Hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona a i ʻole ka paka me kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻokumu i nā pilina. E kūkākūkā me kāu limahana mālama ola i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau me ka meaʻai, ka waiʻona, a i ʻole ka paka. Hiki i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe ke hoʻopilikia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kēia papa. E hōʻoia e haʻi aku i kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku hoʻi: