He aha ka Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent Immune Fab: Nā Hoʻohana, Ka Leka, Nā ʻAoʻao ʻAoʻao a me nā mea hou aku

ʻO ka Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent Immune Fab he lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopakele ai i ke ola i hoʻohana ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i nā nahu nahesa ʻawaʻawa mai nā pit vipers ʻAmelika ʻĀkau. Aia i loko o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau nā antibodies kūikawā e hoʻopau i nā mea ʻawaʻawa weliweli i loaʻa i ka venom rattlesnake, copperhead, a me cottonmouth. Ke loaʻa i kekahi i ka nahu nahesa koʻikoʻi mai kēia mau ʻano, hiki i kēia antivenin ke lilo i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka hoʻōla a me nā pilikia koʻikoʻi.

Hana kēia lapaʻau ma ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā mea ʻawaʻawa i loko o kou kahe koko a kōkua i kou kino e hoʻopau iā lākou me ka palekana. E noʻonoʻo iā ia he limahana hoʻomaʻemaʻe kūikawā e kuhikuhi pono ana i nā mea venom nahesa ma mua o ka hiki iā lākou ke hōʻeha mau i kou mau ʻōpū a me nā ʻiʻo.

He aha ka Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent Immune Fab?

ʻO ka Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent Immune Fab he lāʻau lapaʻau antibody i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia mai nā hipa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā venom pit viper. ʻO ka

Hoʻohana ʻia kēia antivenin no ka mālama ʻana i ka envenomation mai nā nahesa lua o ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, me nā nahesa rattlesnakes, copperheads, a me cottonmouths. Ke nahu kēia mau nahesa, hoʻokomo lākou i ka lāʻau make e hiki ke hōʻeha i ka pōʻino nui i nā ʻiʻo, nā pilikia o ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, a me ka hana ʻole o nā ʻōkana inā ʻaʻole e mālama ʻia. Hana ka antivenin ma ka hoʻopau ʻana i kēia mau mea ʻawaʻawa ma mua o ka hiki iā lākou ke hana i ka pōʻino hiki ʻole ke hoʻoponopono ʻia.

Hoʻohana maʻamau nā mea mālama ola kino i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ke hōʻike nā maʻi i nā hōʻailona o ka envenomation mai ke ʻano waena a i ke koʻikoʻi. Hiki i kēia mau hōʻailona ke komo i ka pehu ʻana e laha ana i ka lālā i hoʻopilikia ʻia, ka ʻeha nui, nā pilikia o ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, a i ʻole nā hōʻailona e pili ana nā ʻōkana koʻikoʻi i ka lāʻau make.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka antivenin ma ke ʻano he pale i kekahi mau hihia kahi i ʻike ʻia ai ka nahu he mea liʻiliʻi i ka wā mua akā ua ʻike ʻia ke ʻano o ka nahesa e hana i nā hopena koʻikoʻi i hoʻopaneʻe ʻia. E loiloi pono kāu hui lapaʻau i kāu kūlana kikoʻī e hoʻoholo ai inā pono ka mālama ʻana.

Pehea e Hana ai ka Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent Immune Fab?

Hana kēia antivenin ma ka hāʻawi ʻana i kou kino i nā antibodies i hana mua ʻia e kuhikuhi pono ana i nā mea o ka lāʻau make o ka nahesa lua. Ke komo ka lāʻau make o ka nahesa i loko o kou kahe koko, aia i loko nā mea ʻawaʻawa he nui e hoʻouka ana i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o kou kino me kāu ʻōnaehana hoʻopaʻa koko, nā ʻiʻo, a me nā ʻōkana. Hoʻopaʻa nā antibodies antivenin i kēia mau mea ʻawaʻawa e like me ka laka a me ke kī, e hoʻopau ana iā lākou ma mua o ka hiki iā lākou ke hana i ka pōʻino.

Manaʻo ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau he mea maikaʻi loa ke hāʻawi ʻia koke ma hope o ka nahu ʻana o ka nahesa. ʻAʻole like me kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau e hūnā wale ana i nā hōʻailona, ​​hoʻopau maoli kēia antivenin i ke kumu kumu o ka ʻona ma ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā mea ʻawaʻawa mai kāu ʻōnaehana. Kōkua kēia hana i ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka holomua o ka pōʻino o nā ʻiʻo a pale i nā pilikia e hoʻoweliweli ana i ke ola.

Ua hoʻolālā kūikawā ʻia nā ʻāpana antibody "Fab" e hana wikiwiki a me ka pono, ʻoiai ʻaʻole paha e hoʻoulu i nā hopena maʻi maʻi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā hoʻoponopono antivenin kahiko. He liʻiliʻi kēia mau ʻāpana e hāʻawi ʻia i loko o kou mau ʻiʻo kino, ʻoiai ua lawa ka mana e hoʻopau i nā mea ʻawaʻawa weliweli.

Pehea e lawe ai au i ka Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent Immune Fab?

ʻAʻole ʻoe e lawe i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau iā ʻoe iho no ka mea e hāʻawi ʻia ana e nā poʻe loea mālama ola i aʻo ʻia ma nā wahi haukapila. Hāʻawi ʻia ka antivenin ma o kahi laina IV, ma kou lima maʻamau, a mālama pono ʻia ke kaʻina hana infusion i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana. E hoʻomākaukau kāu hui lapaʻau i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka hui ʻana i ka pauka me ka wai sterile e like me nā protocols kikoʻī.

Ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka antivenin, e hāʻawi paha kāu poʻe mālama ola iā ʻoe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā hopena maʻi, e like me nā antihistamines a i ʻole corticosteroids. Kōkua kēia premedication i kou kino e ʻae maikaʻi i ka mālama ʻana a hoʻemi i ka pilikia o nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana infusion.

Hoʻomaka mālie ka infusion e nānā i kāu pane, a laila hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka helu inā ʻoe e ʻae maikaʻi ana. E nānā pono ʻia kāu mau hōʻailona ola, me ka helu o ka puʻuwai, ke koko, a me nā pae oxygen, i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana lapaʻau e hōʻoia i kou palekana.

Pehea ka lōʻihi e lawe ai au i ka Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent Immune Fab?

Aia ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana i ka antivenin i ka paʻakikī o kāu envenomation a me ka pane ʻana o kou kino i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Loaʻa i ka hapa nui o nā maʻi kahi mahele mua o 4-6 vials, me nā mahele hou i hāʻawi ʻia i kēlā me kēia 6 hola inā hoʻomau a ʻino paha nā hōʻailona. E loiloi pono kāu hui mālama ola i kou kūlana e hoʻoholo ai i ka manawa e hiki ai ke hoʻōki i ka mālama ʻana.

Hoʻomau pinepine ʻia ka lapaʻau a hiki i ka paʻa ʻana o kāu mau hōʻailona a hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua lab i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o nā hopena o ka lāʻau ʻawaʻawa i kou koko a me nā ʻōkana. Hiki paha kēia mai 12-18 mau hola no nā hihia maʻalahi a i kekahi mau lā no nā envenomations koʻikoʻi. E nānā kāu hui lapaʻau i nā mea hōʻailona kikoʻī e like me ka hana ʻana o ke koko a me ka pehu ʻana o ka ʻiʻo e alakaʻi i nā hoʻoholo lapaʻau.

Pono paha kekahi poʻe maʻi i nā mea mālama no kekahi mau lā inā hoʻi mai kā lākou mau hōʻailona a i ʻole e ʻino ma hope o ka lapaʻau mua. ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi, ʻo ia ma hope o ka hoʻopau pono ʻana o ka antivenin i ka lāʻau ʻawaʻawa, hoʻomaka ka hapa nui o nā kānaka e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ʻoiai hiki ke lawe i nā pule no ka hoʻōla piha ʻana ma muli o ka nui o ka pōʻino o ka ʻiʻo.

He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao o Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent Immune Fab?

Hoʻomanawanui ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i kēia antivenin, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā lapaʻau nahu nahesa kahiko. Eia naʻe, e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki iā ia ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao e nānā ai kāu hui mālama ola i kāu lapaʻau. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau hopena hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e mākaukau a emi ka hopohopo i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana lapaʻau.

ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau āu e ʻike ai he maʻalahi a hiki ke mālama ʻia me ka mālama olakino kūpono:

• Nā hopena maʻi maʻalahi e like me ka ʻili ʻili, ka ʻū, a i ʻole nā hives
• Fiva a i ʻole nā anu i ka wā o ka infusion
• Nausea a i ʻole ka manaʻo maʻamau o ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻole
• Poʻo a i ʻole ka ʻūlū
• ʻEha manawa a i ʻole ka pehu ʻana ma ka pūnaewele IV

Pane maikaʻi kēia mau hopena maʻamau i ka mālama kākoʻo a ʻaʻole pono e hoʻōki i ka lapaʻau, ʻoiai ke koi nui ʻia ka antivenin e hoʻopakele i kou ola.

ʻAʻole maʻamau nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi, akā pono ka mālama olakino koke inā loaʻa lākou:

• Nā hopena maʻi koʻikoʻi (anaphylaxis) me ka pilikia o ka hanu ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana
• Hāʻule nui o ke koko
• ʻEha umauma nui a i ʻole ka puʻuwai wikiwiki
• Nā hopena ʻili ākea a i ʻole ka pehu nui
• Nā pilikia o ka puʻupaʻa, ʻoiai he mea maʻamau ʻole kēia

Ua mākaukau ka hui lapaʻau e mālama iā ʻoe i kēia mau hopena inā e kū mai, a loaʻa iā lākou nā lāʻau lapaʻau pilikia i mākaukau e hoʻoponopono koke a maikaʻi i nā pilikia.

ʻO wai ka mea pono ʻole e lawe i ka Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent Immune Fab?

He kakaikahi loa nā kumu maoli e pale ai i kēia antivenin no ka mea hiki i ka nahu nahesa ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau. Hiki nō i ka poʻe i ʻike ʻia he maʻi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke loaʻa nō ia inā he koʻikoʻi ko lākou nahu nahesa, akā e hāʻawi ʻia lākou i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou e pale ai i nā hopena maʻi a e nānā ʻia lākou me ka nānā pono.

E hoʻohana kāu hui mālama ola i ka mālama hou inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau maʻi, akā ʻaʻole pono kēia mau mea e pale i ka lāʻau:

• Nā hopena maʻi koʻikoʻi i nā huahana i loaʻa mai ka hipa
• Mōʻaukala o ka hānō koʻikoʻi a i ʻole nā pilikia hanu
• Nā maʻi puʻuwai e hiki ke hoʻonui iā ʻoe i nā hopena lāʻau
• Nā maʻi ʻōnaehana pale e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ke ʻano o kou pane ʻana i ka lāʻau
• Hāpai, ʻoiai ua manaʻo ʻia ka antivenin he palekana ke pono i ka lāʻau lapaʻau

ʻO ka mea nui, e ana pono nā mea lawelawe mālama ola i nā pilikia o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka antivenin e kūʻē i nā pōʻino maoli o ka nahu nahesa i mālama ʻole ʻia. I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o nā pilikia hiki ke loaʻa, ʻoiai no nā nahu maʻamau a koʻikoʻi.

Nā inoa inoa o Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent Immune Fab

ʻO ka inoa inoa i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no kēia antivenin ʻo CroFab, i hana ʻia e BTG International. ʻO kēia ka inoa inoa āu e ʻike nui ai ma nā halemai a me nā keʻena ulia pōpilikia ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau. ʻO CroFab ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau no nā nahu viper lua mai ka wā i ʻae ʻia e ka FDA i ka makahiki 2000.

Aia kekahi hana hou i kapa ʻia ʻo Anavip (Antivenin Crotalidae Equine Immune Fab), i loaʻa mai nā lio ma mua o nā hipa. Hana like nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻelua, akā e koho kāu hui mālama ola i ke koho kūpono loa e pili ana i ka loaʻa a me kou kūlana olakino.

ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hopohopo e noi i kahi inoa inoa kikoʻī no ka mea e mālama nā keʻena ulia pōpilikia i ka antivenin i loaʻa a kūpono no ka mālama ʻana i nā nahu viper lua ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau. He kūpono loa nā hana ʻelua ke lawelawe pono ʻia e nā poʻe loea lapaʻau i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia.

Nā Koho ʻē aʻe o Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent Immune Fab

ʻAʻole maoli nā koho pololei i kēia antivenin no ka mālama ʻana i nā nahu viper lua no ka mea ʻo ia ka antidote kikoʻī i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻopau i kēia mau mea ʻawaʻawa. Eia naʻe, hiki i kāu hui lapaʻau ke hoʻohana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau kākoʻo me ka antivenin e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā hōʻailona a me nā pilikia i ka wā e ola ai kou kino.

ʻO nā ana mālama kākoʻo e hoʻopili ana i ka lāʻau antivenin:

• Ka mālama ʻeha me nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono
• Nā wai IV e mālama i ke koko a me ka hana ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa
• Nā huahana koko inā e ulu ana ke koko nui
• Nā lāʻau antibiotic inā he pilikia ka maʻi lua
• Ka lāʻau lapaʻau tetanus inā ʻaʻole ʻoe i kēia manawa

Nīnau kekahi poʻe e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau maoli a i ʻole nā lāʻau lapaʻau home no nā nahu nahesa, akā he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe i kūpono i ka lāʻau lapaʻau antivenin kūpono no ka envenomation pit viper koʻikoʻi. Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā tourniquets, a i ʻole ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e omo i ka lāʻau make ke hoʻonui i ke kūlana a hoʻopaneʻe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopakele ai i ke ola.

Ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent Immune Fab ma mua o nā lāʻau lapaʻau nahu nahesa ʻē aʻe?

Hōʻike kēia antivenin i kahi hoʻomaikaʻi nui ma luna o nā lāʻau lapaʻau nahu nahesa kahiko i loaʻa i nā makahiki i hala. Ua loaʻa nā antivenins mua mai ka serum lio a ua hoʻoulu i nā helu kiʻekiʻe o nā hopena maʻi maʻi koʻikoʻi, e hoʻoweliweli ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana. ʻOi aku ka palekana o nā antivenins Fab i kēia manawa i ka wā e like ai a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka lāʻau make.

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka mālama kākoʻo wale nō me ka ʻole o ka antivenin, hōʻike maopopo nā haʻawina e hōʻemi ana ka lāʻau lapaʻau antivenin kūpono i nā pilikia, hoʻopōkole i ka manawa hoʻōla, a hoʻopakele i nā ola. ʻO ka poʻe i loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau antivenin kūpono e loaʻa pinepine i ka liʻiliʻi o ka pōʻino ʻiʻo, nā pilikia lōʻihi, a me nā hopena maikaʻi ma mua o ka poʻe i loaʻa wale ka mālama kākoʻo.

Loaʻa i ka antivenin hou i loaʻa mai ka lio (Anavip) kekahi mau mea maikaʻi, e like me nā hopena lōʻihi e koi ai i nā mahele liʻiliʻi. Eia naʻe, he mea maikaʻi loa nā formulations antivenin o kēia manawa, a ʻo ke koho ma waena o lākou e pili pinepine i ka loaʻa a me ka ʻike o kāu hui mālama ola me kēlā me kēia huahana.

Nā nīnau i nīnau pinepine ʻia e pili ana i ka Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent Immune Fab

Q1. Palekana anei ka Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent Immune Fab no nā wahine hāpai?

ʻAe, manaʻo ʻia kēia antivenin he palekana i ka wā hāpai ke pono i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama i ka envenomation nahu nahesa. ʻO nā pilikia o ka envenomation pit viper i mālama ʻole ʻia i ka makuahine a me ka pēpē he nui ka nui ma mua o nā pilikia e hiki mai ana mai ka lāʻau lapaʻau antivenin.

ʻAʻole e hoʻololi ka hāpai ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o ka antivenin, a ʻaʻohe hōʻike e hōʻike ana i nā kīnā hānau a i ʻole nā pilikia hāpai. E nānā pono kāu hui mālama ola iā ʻoe a me kāu pēpē i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, a hiki iā lākou ke kūkākūkā me nā loea e hōʻoia i ka mālama maikaʻi loa no kāu kūlana.

Q2. He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā loaʻa iaʻu ka nui o ka Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent Immune Fab?

ʻAʻole hiki ke loaʻa kēia hanana no ka mea, hāʻawi ʻia ka antivenin e nā poʻe loea mālama ola i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia e helu pono a nānā i kēlā me kēia mahele. Hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā wahi haukapila i mālama ʻia kahi e nānā mau ʻia ai kāu mau hōʻailona ola a me ka pane i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana.

Inā loaʻa ka nui o ka antivenin, e hāʻawi kāu hui lapaʻau i ka mālama kākoʻo e mālama i nā hōʻailona. ʻAʻole like me kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻaʻole i hana maʻamau ka overdose antivenin i nā hopena ʻona kikoʻī, akā hiki ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o nā hopena maʻi a i ʻole nā hopena ʻē aʻe e hiki ke mālama ʻia me ka mālama olakino kūpono.

Q3. He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā e poina iaʻu kahi mahele o Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent Immune Fab?

ʻAʻole ʻoe e poina i kahi mahele o kēia antivenin no ka mea, hāʻawi ʻia ia i nā wahi haukapila e nā poʻe loea mālama ola e nānā pono i kāu papa hana lapaʻau. Nānā mau ka hui lapaʻau i kou kūlana a hoʻoholo i ka wā e pono ai nā mahele hou e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona a me nā hopena lab.

Inā no kekahi kumu he lohi i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mahele i hoʻonohonoho ʻia, e loiloi kāu hui mālama ola inā pili ka lohi i kāu hoʻolālā lapaʻau. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoponopono i ka manawa a i ʻole ka dosage e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka pane ʻana o kou kino i nā mahele mua a inā e hoʻomaikaʻi ana a i ʻole e ʻino ana kāu mau hōʻailona.

Q4. I ka manawa hea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hooki i ka lawe ʻana i ka Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent Immune Fab?

Na kāu hui mālama ola e hoʻoholo i ka manawa e hooki ai i ka lapaʻau antivenin ma muli o kou hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke olakino a me nā hopena o ka lab. Hoʻomau maʻamau ka lapaʻau a hiki i ka paʻa ʻana o kou mau hōʻailona, ​​e hooki ana ka pehu ʻana, a hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua koko e hoʻomaikaʻi ana nā hopena o ka ʻawaʻawa i kāu ʻōnaehana clotting a me nā ʻōkana ʻē aʻe.

Loaʻa i ka hapa nui o nā maʻi kā lākou mahele hope loa i loko o 12-18 mau hola o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lapaʻau, ʻoiai paha e koi ʻia nā hihia koʻikoʻi i nā mahele no kekahi mau lā. E noho paha ʻoe i ka haukapila no ka nānā ʻana ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lapaʻau antivenin e hōʻoia i ka hoʻomau ʻana o kou ola ʻana me ka maʻalahi a ʻaʻole e ulu nā pilikia.

Q5. Pehea ka wikiwiki o ka Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent Immune Fab e hoʻomaka ai e hana?

Hoʻomaka maʻamau ka antivenin e hoʻopau i nā mea ʻawaʻawa i loko o kekahi mau minuke o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka infusion IV, ʻoiai ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e ʻike i ka hoʻomaikaʻi koke ʻana o nā hōʻailona. Hoʻomaka ka hapa nui o nā kānaka e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi i loko o kekahi mau hola i ka wā e paʻa ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā mea ʻawaʻawa a kōkua i kou kino e hoʻopau iā lākou.

Pono e hooki ka holomua o nā hōʻailona e like me ka pehu ʻana i loko o 4-6 mau hola inā e hana pono ana ka antivenin. Eia naʻe, hiki ke lawe i nā lā a i ʻole nā ​​wiki e hoʻōla piha ai i ka pōʻino o ka ʻiʻo, ʻoiai ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana o ka ʻawaʻawa. E nānā kāu hui mālama ola i nā māka kikoʻī e hōʻoia i ka hana ʻana o ka lapaʻau e like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia.