He aha ka Atovaquone: Nā hoʻohana, ka nui o ka lāʻau, nā hopena ʻaoʻao a me nā mea hou aku

ʻO Atovaquone kahi lāʻau antiprotozoal e hakakā ana i nā parasites kikoʻī i loko o kou kino. Hoʻonohonoho pinepine ʻia e mālama a pale paha i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi e like me ka pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) a me ka malaria, ʻoi aku hoʻi ke kūpono ʻole nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe iā ʻoe.

Hana ʻokoʻa kēia lāʻau lapaʻau mai nā antibiotics maʻamau no ka mea e manaʻo ana i nā parasites ma mua o nā bacteria. Hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi iā ia inā he nāwaliwali kou ʻōnaehana pale a i ʻole e hele ana ʻoe i nā wahi kahi e maʻamau ai ka malaria.

No ke aha e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka Atovaquone?

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua a pale ʻo Atovaquone i ʻelua ʻano maʻi parasitic nui. ʻO ka hoʻohana maʻamau no ka pneumocystis pneumonia, kahi maʻi māmā koʻikoʻi e pili pinepine i ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale i hoʻopilikia ʻia.

Hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i ka atovaquone inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka HIV/AIDS, ke hele nei i ka chemotherapy, a i ʻole e lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kāohi i kāu ʻōnaehana pale. Hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi e pale i ka malaria ke hele nei ʻoe i nā wahi kahi e laha ai ka maʻi, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i nā lāʻau antimalarial ʻē aʻe.

I kekahi mau hihia, kuhikuhi nā kauka i ka atovaquone no ka toxoplasmosis, kahi maʻi parasitic ʻē aʻe i hiki ke weliweli loa no nā wahine hāpai a me nā poʻe immunocompromised. He koho kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ke kumu o nā lāʻau lapaʻau laina mua i nā hopena ʻaoʻao hiki ʻole ke ʻae ʻia a i ʻole ʻaʻole pono.

Pehea e hana ai ka Atovaquone?

Hana ʻo Atovaquone ma ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka hana ʻana i ka ikehu i loko o nā parasites, e pōloli ana iā lākou i ka mana e pono ai lākou e ola. Hoʻopilikia ia i kā lākou mitochondria, e like me nā mea kanu mana liʻiliʻi i loko o nā cell.

Manaʻo ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau he ikaika a manaʻo nui i kekahi mau parasites ʻoiai e waiho ana i nā cell olakino o kou kino. ʻAʻole like me nā antibiotics ākea, loaʻa i ka atovaquone kahi hana i kālele ʻia e hana pono ai i nā parasites protozoan.

Hōʻiliʻili ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o nā ʻiʻo kahi e hūnā pinepine ai kēia mau parasite, e like me kou mau māmā i ka hihia o ka pneumocystis pneumonia. Kōkua kēia hana i manaʻo ʻia e wehewehe i ke kumu e maikaʻi loa ai no nā maʻi kikoʻī ʻoiai e hana ana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao liʻiliʻi ma mua o kekahi mau lāʻau antimicrobial ʻē aʻe.

Pehea wau e lawe ai i ka Atovaquone?

Pono ʻoe e lawe mau i ka atovaquone me ka meaʻai, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻai e loaʻa ai kekahi momona. ʻO ka lawe ʻana ma ka ʻōpū ʻole hiki ke hōʻemi i ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e komo ai kou kino e 50%, e hoʻemi ana i ka maikaʻi.

Pono e lulu maikaʻi ʻia ke ʻano hoʻokuʻu ma mua o kēlā me kēia mahele, a hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe me ka waiū, kahi ʻai me ka pata, a i ʻole nā meaʻai e like me ka pata pīkī e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka absorption. Inā ʻoe e lawe ana i nā papa, e ale iā lākou me ke aniani wai piha i ka wā a i ʻole ma hope koke o ka ʻai ʻana.

E hoʻāʻo e lawe i kāu mau mahele i nā manawa like i kēlā me kēia lā e mālama i nā pae paʻa i loko o kou kahe koko. Inā pilikia ʻoe i ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma muli o ka nausea, ʻo ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai liʻiliʻi, pinepine a me ka lawe ʻana i ka mahele me nā crackers a i ʻole ka toast e kōkua.

E pale i ka lawe ʻana i ka atovaquone me nā antacids a i ʻole nā mea hoʻohui calcium i ka manawa like, no ka mea, hiki i kēia mau mea ke keakea i ka absorption. Inā pono ʻoe i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau, e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou ma kahi o ʻelua hola mai kāu mahele atovaquone.

Pehea ka lōʻihi e lawe ai au i ka Atovaquone?

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana i ka atovaquone e pili ana i ka maʻi āu e mālama nei a i ʻole e pale nei. No ka mālama ʻana i ka pneumocystis pneumonia, e lawe maʻamau ʻoe iā ia no 21 mau lā, ʻoiai ʻo ka pale ʻana e koi ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wā lōʻihi.

Inā ʻoe e hoʻohana ana i ka atovaquone no ka pale ʻana i ka malaria, e hoʻomaka maʻamau ʻoe e lawe iā ia i hoʻokahi a ʻelua mau lā ma mua o ka huakaʻi ʻana i kahi wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia. E hoʻomau ʻoe i ka lawe ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā i kou wā ma laila a no nā lā ʻehiku ma hope o ka hoʻi ʻana i ka home.

No ke mālama ʻana i ka toxoplasmosis, hiki i ke ala ke mau i nā pule a i ʻole mau mahina, ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi o kāu maʻi a me ka maikaʻi o kou pane ʻana. E nānā kāu kauka i kou holomua a hoʻoponopono i ka lōʻihi ma muli o kou kūlana.

Mai hooki i ka lawe ʻana i ka atovaquone i ka wā mua, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e manaʻo maikaʻi, ke ʻole e haʻi pololei kāu kauka iā ʻoe. ʻO ka hooki ʻana i ka wā mua hiki ke ʻae i ka maʻi e hoʻi mai a i ʻole e kūʻē i ka lāʻau.

He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao o Atovaquone?

Hoʻomanawanui ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i ka atovaquone, akā e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki iā ia ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. ʻO ka mea maikaʻi, ʻaʻole maʻamau nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi me kēia lāʻau.

Eia nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau e hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike:

• Nausea a me ka luaʻi
• Pāpaʻa a i ʻole nā noho palupalu
• ʻEha ʻōpū a i ʻole ka ʻūlū
• Poʻo
• ʻĀwili
• Luhi a i ʻole nāwaliwali
• Pilikia i ka hiamoe
• Pāpaʻa ʻili

He maʻalahi kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao a pinepine e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka wā e hoʻoponopono ai kou kino i ka lāʻau. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka atovaquone me ka meaʻai hiki ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao e pili ana i ka ʻōpū.

ʻAʻole maʻamau akā ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi o nā hopena ʻaoʻao e koi ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau koke e komo pū ana:

• Nā hopena maʻi maʻi koʻikoʻi me ka pilikia o ka hanu ʻana a i ʻole ka pehu
• Pāpaʻa koʻikoʻi ʻaʻole e pau
• Nā hōʻailona o nā pilikia o ke ake e like me ka melemele o ka ʻili a i ʻole nā maka
• Ke kahe ʻana o ke koko a i ʻole ka ʻeha maʻamau
• Nā hopena ʻili koʻikoʻi a i ʻole ka pāpaʻa ākea

Inā ʻoe e ʻike i kekahi o kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi, e kelepona koke i kāu mea mālama ola a i ʻole e ʻimi i ka mālama ulia pōpilikia.

ʻO wai ka mea pono ʻole e lawe i ka Atovaquone?

ʻAʻole kūpono ka Atovaquone no nā mea a pau, a ʻo kekahi mau kūlana olakino a i ʻole nā kūlana e kūpono ʻole a i ʻole ka weliweli. E noʻonoʻo pono kāu kauka i kāu mōʻaukala olakino ma mua o ka kau ʻana i kēia lāʻau.

ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e lawe i ka atovaquone inā he maʻi ʻoe iā ia a i ʻole i loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hopena koʻikoʻi iā ia i ka wā ma mua. Pono paha ka poʻe me ka maʻi ate koʻikoʻi e pale i kēia lāʻau a i ʻole e hoʻohana me ka akahele loa.

Pono nā hana kūikawā inā loaʻa iā ʻoe:

• Maʻi kīkī a i ʻole ka hana kīkī i hōʻemi ʻia
• Nā maʻi gastrointestinal e pili ana i ka absorption
• He mōʻaukala o ka maʻi maʻi koʻikoʻi a i ʻole ka malabsorption
• Hāpai a i ʻole ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū (e kūkākūkā i nā pilikia a me nā pōmaikaʻi me kāu kauka)

E loiloi kāu kauka i nā pōmaikaʻi e kūʻē i nā pilikia hiki ke loaʻa i kēia mau kūlana a hiki ke ʻōlelo aku i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe a i ʻole ka nānā ʻana i ka pili inā pono ka atovaquone.

Nā inoa inoa Atovaquone

Loaʻa ka Atovaquone ma lalo o nā inoa inoa like ʻole, ʻo Mepron ka mea i kauoha pinepine ʻia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. ʻO kēia inoa inoa suspension ka mea āu e loaʻa ai mai kāu hale kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau.

Hiki nō hoʻi iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me ka atovaquone i nā lāʻau hui pū ʻia, e like me Malarone, e hui pū ana i ka atovaquone me ka proguanil no ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka malaria. He mea kaulana loa kēia hui ʻana no ka poʻe huakaʻi.

Loaʻa nō hoʻi nā mana generic o ka atovaquone a hana like ka maikaʻi me nā mana inoa inoa. Hiki i kāu kauka lapaʻau ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i ka mana āu e loaʻa nei a e hōʻoia ana e lawe pololei ana ʻoe.

Nā koho ʻē aʻe o Atovaquone

Nui nā koho ʻē aʻe no ka atovaquone, ma muli o ke ʻano o kou mālama ʻana. No ka pneumocystis pneumonia, ʻo ka trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) ka mea i manaʻo pinepine ʻia ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua i ka wā e ʻae ʻia ai.

ʻO nā koho ʻē aʻe no PCP e pili ana i ka pentamidine, dapsone me trimethoprim, a i ʻole clindamycin me primaquine. E koho kāu kauka ma muli o kou kūlana kikoʻī, nā maʻi allergies, a me ka maikaʻi o kāu pane ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua.

No ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi malaria, nā koho ʻē aʻe e komo pū ana me doxycycline, mefloquine, a i ʻole chloroquine (ma nā wahi i loaʻa ʻole ke kūʻē). Aia ke koho i kahi āu e hele nei, kāu moʻolelo olakino, a me nā pilina lāʻau lapaʻau.

Inā ʻoe e mālama nei i ka toxoplasmosis, nā koho ʻē aʻe e komo pū ana me sulfadiazine me pyrimethamine, clindamycin, a i ʻole azithromycin. E noʻonoʻo kāu kauka i ke koʻikoʻi o kāu maʻi a me kou hiki ke ʻae i nā lāʻau lapaʻau like ʻole.

Ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o Atovaquone ma mua o Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole?

He kūpono ʻo Atovaquone a me trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi pneumonia pneumocystis, akā hana lākou i nā ʻano like ʻole a loaʻa nā pono like ʻole. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo TMP-SMX ke kūlana gula a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua ke hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻae.

ʻO Atovaquone ka mea i makemake nui ʻia ke hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke lawe iā TMP-SMX ma muli o nā maʻi allergies, nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi, a i ʻole nā pilina lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka poʻe me nā maʻi sulfa.

Hōʻike nā haʻawina he like ka maikaʻi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻelua no ka mālama ʻana iā PCP, ʻoiai paha he liʻiliʻi ka TMP-SMX i nā hihia koʻikoʻi. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao hopena ʻoluʻolu o atovaquone e lilo ia i mea maikaʻi loa no ka pale lōʻihi.

E koho kāu kauka i ke koho maikaʻi loa e pili ana i kāu mau kūlana kikoʻī, me kāu moʻolelo olakino, nā lāʻau lapaʻau o kēia manawa, a me ka maikaʻi o kāu ʻae ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau like i ka wā ma mua.

Nā Nīnau i Nīnau pinepine ʻia e pili ana iā Atovaquone

He palekana ʻo Atovaquone no ka poʻe me ka HIV?

ʻAe, palekana ʻo atovaquone no ka poʻe me ka HIV a ua kauoha pinepine ʻia no kēia heluna kanaka. Ua ʻae ʻia no ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi pneumonia pneumocystis i nā poʻe maʻi HIV.

Nui nā lāʻau lapaʻau HIV e launa pū me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe, akā he kakaikahi nā launa pū ʻana o ka atovaquone. E nānā nō kāu kauka i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a pau āu e lawe nei e hōʻoia i ka palekana, akā ʻaʻole maʻamau nā launa pū ʻana nui.

Makemake pinepine ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā maʻi HIV no ka mea ʻaʻole ia e kāohi hou i ka ʻōnaehana pale, ʻaʻole like me kekahi mau lāʻau antimicrobial ʻē aʻe. ʻO kēia ka mea e palekana ai i ka wā lōʻihi no ka pale ʻana i ka poʻe me ka palekana i hōʻino mua ʻia.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā ua hoʻohana hewa au i ka nui o ka Atovaquone?

Inā ua lawe hewa ʻoe i ka nui o ka atovaquone, e kelepona koke i kāu kauka a i ʻole ke kikowaena hoʻomalu i ka lāʻau make, ʻoiai inā maikaʻi ʻoe. ʻOiai he kakaikahi nā overdoses koʻikoʻi, he mea nui e kiʻi i ka ʻōlelo aʻo lapaʻau ʻoihana.

ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka lawe ʻana i ka nui e komo paha i ka nausea koʻikoʻi, ka luaʻi ʻana, ka maʻi maʻi, a i ʻole ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū. Mai ho'āʻo e hoʻokomo iā ʻoe iho i ka luaʻi ʻana ke ʻole i kauoha ʻia e kahi loea mālama ola.

E mālama i ka hue lāʻau lapaʻau me ʻoe i ka wā e ʻimi ana i ke kōkua i hiki i nā loea lapaʻau ke ʻike pololei i ka mea a me ka nui āu i lawe ai. ʻAʻole hōʻeha ka hapa nui o nā overdoses ulia, akā he mea nui ka nānā ʻana.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā ua hala au i kahi mahele o Atovaquone?

Inā ua hala ʻoe i kahi mahele, e lawe koke iā ia ke hoʻomanaʻo ʻoe, akā inā ʻaʻole kokoke ka manawa no kāu mahele i hoʻonohonoho ʻia. Mai lawe i ʻelua mahele i ka manawa hoʻokahi e hoʻoponopono ai i kahi mea i hala.

Inā kokoke i kou manawa mahele e hiki mai ana, e lele i ka mahele i hala a e hoʻomau me kāu papa manawa maʻamau. ʻAʻole e kōkua ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau keu a hiki ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia o nā hopena ʻaoʻao.

E ho'āʻo e hoʻonohonoho i nā mea hoʻomanaʻo ma kāu kelepona a i ʻole e hoʻohana i kahi mea hoʻonohonoho pila e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo i nā mahele. He mea nui ka kūlike no ka mālama ʻana i nā pae kūpono o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kāu ʻōnaehana.

I ka manawa hea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hooki i ka lawe ʻana i ka Atovaquone?

Pono ʻoe e hooki i ka lawe ʻana i ka atovaquone ke haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe he palekana ke hana pēlā. Aia ka manawa i ke ʻano āu e mālama nei a me ka maikaʻi o kāu pane ʻana i ka lāʻau.

No ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi ikaika, pono ʻoe e hoʻopau i ka papa piha ʻoiai inā ʻoe e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. ʻO ka hooki ʻana i ka wā mua hiki ke ʻae i ka maʻi e hoʻi mai a i ʻole e lilo i mea kūʻē i ka lāʻau.

Inā ʻoe e lawe ana i ka atovaquone no ka pale ʻana, e hoʻoholo kāu kauka i ka manawa e palekana ai ke hooki ʻana ma muli o kāu mau mea pilikia a me ke kūlana olakino holoʻokoʻa. Mai hooki i ka lāʻau pale me ka ʻole o ke alakaʻi olakino.

Hiki iaʻu ke inu i ka waiʻona i ka wā e lawe ana i ka Atovaquone?

ʻAʻohe pilina kūikawā ma waena o ka atovaquone a me ka waiʻona, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kaupalena ʻana i ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona i ka wā e mālama ai i kekahi maʻi. Hiki i ka waiʻona ke keakea i ka hiki o kāu ʻōnaehana pale e hakakā i nā maʻi.

Hiki i ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona ke hoʻonui i kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao e like me ka nausea, ka ʻūlū, a i ʻole ka ʻōpū. Inā koho ʻoe e inu, e hana me ka maʻalahi a e nānā i kou manaʻo.

Inā he pilikia kou ate a i ʻole e lawe ana i nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe, e kūkākūkā i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona me kāu kauka. Hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo pilikino e pili ana i kou kūlana olakino piha.