He aha ka Barbiturate: Nā hoʻohana, ka nui o ka lāʻau, nā hopena ʻaoʻao a me nā mea hou aku

ʻO nā Barbiturates nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kauoha ʻia e hoʻolohi i kāu ʻōnaehana nerve waena, e kōkua ana i ka hoʻomaha ʻana i ka hana lolo ke hana nui. Hana kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i kahi kemika lolo maoli i kapa ʻia ʻo GABA, e kōkua ana iā ʻoe e ʻoluʻolu a hiamoe. ʻOiai ua kauoha pinepine ʻia lākou no ka hopohopo a me nā pilikia hiamoe, hoʻohana nā kauka iā lākou me ka mālama nui ʻana ma muli o ko lākou hiki ke hilinaʻi a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi.

He aha nā Barbiturates?

ʻO nā Barbiturates kahi papa o nā lāʻau sedative e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kāu ʻōnaehana nerve waena. No ka pūʻulu lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻolohi i ka hana lolo a me ka nerve, e hōʻoluʻolu ai ʻoe, hiamoe, a i ʻole hiamoe e pili ana i ka nui o ka lāʻau.

Hele mai kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau i nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā ikaika. Hana kekahi me ka wikiwiki akā ʻaʻole lōʻihi, ʻoiai ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e lōʻihi ka hana akā noho i loko o kāu ʻōnaehana no nā hola a i ʻole nā lā. E koho kāu kauka i ke ʻano kūpono e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi a lākou e mālama nei a pehea e pane ai kou kino i ka lāʻau.

E noʻonoʻo i nā barbiturates ma ke ʻano he pedal brake no kou lolo hana nui. Ke holo wikiwiki nei kāu ʻōnaehana nerve ma muli o nā hopu, hopohopo, a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ʻē aʻe, kōkua kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻolohi i nā mea i kahi wikiwiki hiki ke mālama ʻia.

No ke aha e hoʻohana ʻia ai nā Barbiturates?

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā Barbiturates i kekahi mau maʻi olakino koʻikoʻi kahi e pono ai ka hoʻolohi ʻana i ka hana lolo. ʻO ka hoʻohana maʻamau i kēia lā ʻo ka mālama ʻana i nā hopu, ʻoiai ke hana ʻole nā ​​lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.

Eia nā maʻi nui e mālama ai nā kauka me nā barbiturates, e koi ana kēlā me kēia i ka mālama olakino pono:

• Nā maʻi hopu: ʻO ka maʻi epilepsy koʻikoʻi a i ʻole status epilepticus (nā hopu lōʻihi)
• Anesthesia: Ma mua o ke ʻoki ʻana e kōkua iā ʻoe e hiamoe a noho ʻole i ka ʻike
• Insomnia koʻikoʻi: Ke ʻaʻole i maikaʻi nā lāʻau hiamoe ʻē aʻe
• Nā maʻi hopohopo: I nā hihia kikoʻī kahi i kūpono ʻole ai nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe
• Hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka waiʻona: E pale i nā hōʻailona hoʻihoʻi weliweli
• Kaomi intracranial: Hoʻemi i ke kaomi i loko o ka iwi poʻo ma hope o ka hōʻeha lolo

E kauoha wale kāu kauka i nā barbiturates ke ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā pilikia. Mālama ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau no nā maʻi koʻikoʻi a i ʻole ke hāʻawi ʻole nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe i ka hōʻoluʻolu kūpono.

Pehea e hana ai nā Barbiturates?

Hana nā Barbiturates ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana o GABA, kahi kemika lolo maoli e kōkua i ka hoʻomaha ʻana i ka hana o nā aʻalolo. Ke piʻi ka pae GABA, ʻaʻole hiki i nā cell lolo ke puhi wikiwiki, e hana ana i ka hopena hoʻomaha i loko o kou ʻōnaehana nerve.

Manaʻo ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ikaika me nā hopena ikaika i kou lolo a me kou kino. ʻAʻole like me nā sedatives māmā, hiki i nā barbiturates ke hoʻolohi nui i ka hanu a me ka puʻuwai, ʻo ia ke kumu e pono ai lākou i ka nānā ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Aia ka ikaika a me ka lōʻihi o nā hopena i ka barbiturate āu e lawe nei. Hana nā mea hana pōkole e like me ka pentobarbital i loko o kekahi mau minuke akā mau no kekahi mau hola wale nō, ʻoiai hiki i nā mea hana lōʻihi e like me ka phenobarbital ke lawe i hoʻokahi hola e hana akā mau no nā lā.

Pehea wau e lawe ai i nā Barbiturates?

E lawe mau i nā barbiturates e like me ke kauoha a kāu kauka, me ka hoʻololi ʻole i ka mahele a i ʻole ka manawa ma kāu iho. Aia ke ʻano o ka lawe ʻana i ke ʻano i kauoha ʻia e kāu kauka a me ke ʻano e mālama ʻia nei.

No ka barbiturates waha, hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe me ka ʻai ʻole a i ʻole me ka ʻai ʻole, akā ʻo ka lawe ʻana me kahi mea ʻai māmā e kōkua paha i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻōpū. E pale loa i ka waiʻona i ka wā e lawe ana i kēia mau lāʻau, no ka mea, ʻo ka hui pū ʻana iā lākou he mea weliweli loa a hiki ke make.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā barbiturates ma o ka injection (parenteral route), e hana mau kēia ma kahi hoʻonohonoho lapaʻau ma lalo o ka nānā ʻana o ka ʻoihana. No nā suppositories rectal, holoi pono i kou mau lima ma mua a ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻana, a moe ma kou ʻaoʻao no ka absorption maikaʻi loa.

Mai ʻoki, haki, a nau paha i nā papa hoʻokuʻu lōʻihi, no ka mea, hiki i kēia ke hoʻokuʻu i ka lāʻau nui loa i ka manawa hoʻokahi. E mālama i nā barbiturates a pau ma kahi palekana mai nā keiki a me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e lawe ʻole iā lākou.

Pehea ka lōʻihi e lawe ai au i nā Barbiturates?

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana i ka barbiturate e ʻokoʻa nui ma muli o kou kūlana kikoʻī a me ke ʻano o kou pane ʻana i ka lāʻau. E hoʻomaka kāu kauka me ka manawa lapaʻau pōkole loa e hōʻemi i nā pilikia.

No ka mālama ʻana i ka hopu ʻana, pono paha ʻoe e lawe i nā barbiturates no nā mahina a i ʻole nā ​​makahiki ma lalo o ka nānā ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. No nā pilikia hiamoe a i ʻole ka hopohopo, ua kaupalena ʻia ka mālama ʻana i kekahi mau pule wale nō e pale ai i ka hilinaʻi ʻana mai ka hoʻomohala ʻana.

Mai hooki i ka lawe ʻana i nā barbiturates i ka wā e hiki mai ana, ʻoiai inā ua lawe ʻoe iā lākou no nā pule ʻoi aku ma mua o kekahi mau pule. Pono kāu kauka e hoʻemi mālie i kāu mahele i ka manawa e pale ai i nā hōʻailona haʻalele weliweli e like me nā hopu.

He mea nui nā koho ukali maʻamau i ka wā e lawe ana i nā barbiturates. E nānā kāu kauka i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o ka lāʻau a nānā i nā hopena ʻaoʻao e pili ana a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona o ka hilinaʻi.

He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao o nā Barbiturates?

Hiki i nā Barbiturates ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao mai ka maʻalahi a i ka koʻikoʻi, a he mea nui e ʻike i ka mea e nānā ai. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kānaka e ʻike i kekahi hiamoe i ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kēia mau lāʻau, akā pinepine kēia e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka wā e hoʻoponopono ai kou kino.

ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau e ʻike ʻia e nā kānaka he nui, penei:

• Ka hiamoe a me ka luhi i ka lā
• Ka wili a i ʻole ka manaʻo paʻa ʻole
• Ka huikau a i ʻole ka pilikia o ka noʻonoʻo
• Ka maʻi a i ʻole ka ʻōpū
• Ke poʻo
• Ka manaʻo huhū a i ʻole ka maluhia ʻole

ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi e koi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau koke a me nā mea e like me ka lohi o ka hanu ʻana, ka huikau nui, a i ʻole ka pilikia o ka noho ʻana i ka makaʻala. Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ʻike i nā loli o ka naʻau, me ke kaumaha a i ʻole nā manaʻo maʻamau ʻole.

ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao laha akā hiki ke pilikia, penei:

• Nā pilikia hanu nui a i ʻole ke kaumaha o ka hanu
• Nā hopena maʻi me ka ʻōpala, ka pehu, a i ʻole ka pilikia o ka hanu
• Ka huikau nui a i ʻole nā pilikia hoʻomanaʻo
• Ka ʻeha a i ʻole ke kahe koko maʻamau ʻole
• Nā pilikia o ke ake (melemele o ka ʻili a i ʻole nā maka)
• Nā manaʻo pepehi kanaka a i ʻole nā loli nui o ka naʻau

E kelepona koke i kāu kauka inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi. Pono e hōʻike ʻia nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau inā lilo lākou i mea hoʻopilikia a ʻaʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka manawa.

ʻO wai ka mea pono ʻole e lawe i nā Barbiturates?

ʻAʻole pono kekahi poʻe e lawe i nā barbiturates ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi. E nānā pono kāu kauka i kāu mōʻaukala olakino ma mua o ke kau ʻana i kēia mau lāʻau.

ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e lawe i nā barbiturates inā ʻike ʻoe i ka maʻi i kekahi lāʻau barbiturate a i ʻole inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi ate koʻikoʻi. ʻAʻole hiki i nā poʻe me kekahi mau pilikia hanu, e like me ka hānō nui a i ʻole ka apnea hiamoe, ke hoʻohana palekana i kēia mau lāʻau.

ʻO nā poʻe e pono ke hoʻohana i nā barbiturates me ka akahele loa a i ʻole e pale loa iā lākou, penei:

• Ka poʻe i loaʻa ka mōʻaukala o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau a i ʻole ka waiʻona
• Ka poʻe me ka maʻi kīkī a i ʻole ke ake nui
• Nā kānaka me kekahi mau maʻi hanu
• Ka poʻe i loaʻa ka mōʻaukala o ke kaumaha a i ʻole nā manaʻo e pepehi iā lākou iho
• Nā wāhine hāpai a i ʻole e hānai ana i ka waiū
• Nā mākua ʻelemakule (hoʻonui ʻia ka pilikia o ka hāʻule a me ka huikau)
• Ka poʻe e lawe ana i kekahi mau lāʻau ʻē aʻe e launa pū ana me ka pilikia

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau maʻi, pono i kāu kauka e ana pono i nā pilikia a me nā pōmaikaʻi. I kekahi manawa, pono nō nā barbiturates me nā hopohopo, akā pono ʻoe i ka nānā ʻana a me nā mea i hoʻololi ʻia.

Nā inoa inoa Barbiturate

Loaʻa nā lāʻau barbiturate he nui ma lalo o nā inoa inoa like ʻole, akā ʻo ka hapa nui i kēia manawa he mau mana generic. ʻO ka inoa inoa kikoʻī a kāu kauka e kuhikuhi ai e pili ana i kou maʻi a me nā pono lapaʻau.

ʻO nā inoa inoa barbiturate maʻamau e komo pū ana me Nembutal (pentobarbital), Luminal (phenobarbital), a me Seconal (secobarbital). Loaʻa kekahi mau barbiturates i nā huahana hui pū me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe no nā maʻi kikoʻī.

Hiki i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi mana inoa inoa a i ʻole generic o kāu lāʻau. Hana like nā barbiturates generic e like me nā mana inoa inoa a hele i ka hoʻāʻo palekana like.

Nā koho ʻē aʻe o Barbiturate

Loaʻa nā koho ʻē aʻe i nā barbiturates no ka hapa nui o nā maʻi i kēia mau lā. E hoʻāʻo mua kāu kauka i kēia mau koho ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā barbiturates ma muli o ko lākou haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka hilinaʻi a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi.

No nā pilikia hiamoe, ʻoi aku ka palekana o nā lāʻau hou e like me zolpidem (Ambien) a i ʻole eszopiclone (Lunesta). No ka hopohopo, ʻoi aku ka kūpono o nā benzodiazepines e like me lorazepam (Ativan) a i ʻole nā antidepressants hou.

ʻO nā lapaʻau ʻē aʻe no nā maʻi like ʻole e komo pū ana me:

• Nā ʻāʻeha: Nā lāʻau anticonvulsants hou e like me lamotrigine, levetiracetam, a i ʻole topiramate
• Nā maʻi hiamoe: Nā kōkua hiamoe non-benzodiazepine, melatonin, a i ʻole nā ʻenehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe hiamoe
• Hopohopo: SSRIs, SNRIs, a i ʻole nā lāʻau anti-hopohopo kūikawā
• Hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka waiʻona: Benzodiazepines a i ʻole nā lāʻau hoʻihoʻi kūikawā ʻē aʻe

E hana pū kāu kauka me ʻoe e ʻimi i ka koho lapaʻau palekana a maikaʻi loa no kou kūlana kūikawā. I kekahi manawa, ʻo nā barbiturates nō ka koho maikaʻi loa, akā ʻo ka ʻimi ʻana i nā koho ʻē aʻe ma mua ka mea i makemake nui ʻia.

Ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā Barbiturates ma mua o nā Benzodiazepines?

Hoʻomaha nā barbiturates a me nā benzodiazepines i ka ʻōnaehana nerve, akā manaʻo ʻia nā benzodiazepines he palekana no ka hapa nui o nā kānaka. ʻOiai hiki i nā mea ʻelua ke maikaʻi, loaʻa i nā benzodiazepines kahi palena palekana ākea a ʻaʻole paha e hoʻoulu i nā pilikia hanu weliweli.

He mau lāʻau ikaika nā Barbiturates i hiki ke ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no nā kūlana koʻikoʻi e like me nā ʻāʻeha paʻakikī e kāohi. Eia naʻe, ʻo kēia ikaika i hoʻonui ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pilikia o nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi a me ka overdose.

ʻO nā mea maikaʻi nui o nā benzodiazepines ma luna o nā barbiturates e komo pū ana me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka overdose make, ka liʻiliʻi o ka launa pū ʻana me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe, a me ka liʻiliʻi o nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi. Eia naʻe, no kekahi mau kūlana kūikawā e like me ke kūlana epilepticus, hiki nō i nā barbiturates ke koho i makemake ʻia.

E koho kāu kauka ma waena o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma muli o kou kūlana kūikawā, ka mōʻaukala olakino, a me nā mea pilikia pilikino. ʻAʻole pono e lawe ʻia kekahi ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau me ka nānā ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Nā Nīnau i Nīnau Pinepine e pili ana i nā Barbiturates

Q1. He palekana nā Barbiturates no ka poʻe me ka maʻi puʻuwai?

Hiki i nā kānaka me ka maʻi puʻuwai ke lawe i nā barbiturates i kekahi manawa, akā pono lākou i ka mālama olakino hou. Hiki i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻopilikia i ka helu o ka puʻuwai a me ke koko, no laila pono kāu kauka e nānā pono iā ʻoe.

Inā he pilikia kou puʻuwai, hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻomaka me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ke koho ʻana i kahi barbiturate ʻē aʻe e mālie ana i kāu ʻōnaehana cardiovascular. Pono paha nā loiloi maʻamau a me ka nānā ʻana i ka puʻuwai i ka wā e lawe ana ʻoe i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau.

Q2. He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā ua lawe hewa au i ka nui o ka Barbiturate?

Inā manaʻo ʻoe ua lawe nui ʻoe i ka barbiturate, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua olakino pilikia ma ke kelepona ʻana iā 911 a i ʻole ka hele ʻana i ka lumi pilikia kokoke loa. Hiki i ka overdose barbiturate ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola a pono i ka mālama ʻoihana koke.

ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka overdose e pili ana i ka hiamoe nui, ka pilikia o ka hanu ʻana, ka huikau, a i ʻole ka nalowale o ka ʻike. Mai kali e ʻike inā e hoʻomaikaʻi nā hōʻailona iā lākou iho, no ka mea, hiki i ka overdose barbiturate ke lilo koke i mea make me ka ʻole o ka hana olakino kūpono.

Q3. He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā ua hala au i kahi mahele o ka Barbiturate?

Inā ua hala ʻoe i kahi mahele, e lawe iā ia i ka wā e hoʻomanaʻo ai ʻoe, ke ʻole kokoke i ka manawa no kāu mahele i hoʻonohonoho ʻia. Mai lawe i ʻelua mahele i ka manawa hoʻokahi e hana ai no kahi mahele i hala, no ka mea, hiki ke pilikia kēia.

No nā lāʻau lapaʻau hopu, hiki i ka hala ʻana i nā mahele ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia o ka hopu ʻana. E kelepona i kāu kauka inā poina pinepine ʻoe i nā mahele, no ka mea, hiki iā lākou ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomohala i kahi hana maikaʻi aʻe a i ʻole e hoʻoponopono i kāu papa hana lāʻau lapaʻau.

Q4. I ka manawa hea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hooki i ka lawe ʻana i nā Barbiturates?

Mai hooki i ka lawe ʻana i nā barbiturates me ka ʻole o ke alakaʻi a kāu kauka, ʻoiai inā ua lawe ʻoe iā lākou no nā pule ʻoi aku ma mua o kekahi mau pule. Hiki i ka hooki koke ʻana ke kumu i nā hōʻailona haʻalele weliweli, me nā hopu.

E hana kāu kauka i kahi papa hana e emi mālie ai e hōʻemi mālie i kāu lāʻau i ka manawa. Hiki i kēia hana ke lawe i nā pule a i ʻole nā mahina, ma muli o ka lōʻihi o kou lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau a me ke ʻano o ke ana āu e lawe nei.

Q5. Hiki iaʻu ke inu i ka waiʻona i ka wā e lawe ana i nā Barbiturates?

ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e inu i ka waiʻona i ka wā e lawe ana i nā barbiturates, no ka mea, hiki i kēia hui ke weliweli loa a make paha. Hoʻopilikia nā mea ʻelua i kāu ʻōnaehana nerve waena, a me ka hui pū ʻana hiki iā lākou ke hoʻolohi i kou hanu ʻana a me ka puʻuwai.

Hiki i nā mea liʻiliʻi o ka waiʻona ke pilikia ke hui pū ʻia me nā barbiturates. Inā pilikia ʻoe i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona, e kūkākūkā ākea me kāu kauka, no ka mea, pono paha lākou e koho i kahi lāʻau ʻokoʻa a i ʻole e hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo hou no ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka waiʻona.