He aha ʻo Bedaquiline: Nā hoʻohana, ka nui o ka lāʻau, nā hopena ʻaoʻao a me nā mea hou aku

He lāʻau antibiotic kūikawā ʻo Bedaquiline i hoʻolālā ʻia e hakakā i ka maʻi tuberculosis (TB) bacteria ʻaʻole e pane i nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau. Hana ʻokoʻa kēia lāʻau lapaʻau mai nā lāʻau TB kahiko ma ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana hana ikehu i loko o ka TB bacteria, e pōloli ana iā lākou i ka mana.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me ka bedaquiline inā e hana ana ʻoe me ka multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) a i ʻole extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB). He mau ʻano maʻi TB koʻikoʻi kēia i lilo i mea pale i nā lāʻau TB maʻamau, e paʻakikī ai ka mālama ʻana a e koi ana i nā ala ikaika a me ka pahuhopu.

No ke aha e hoʻohana ʻia ai ʻo Bedaquiline?

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻo Bedaquiline i ka multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis i nā pākeke a me nā keiki 5 mau makahiki a ʻoi aku. ʻO ia hoʻi, e hoʻopaʻa ana i nā maʻi TB i loko o kou mau māmā i pane ʻole i ʻelua o nā lāʻau TB mua loa e like me ka isoniazid a me ka rifampin.

E kauoha wale kāu kauka i ka bedaquiline ma ke ʻano he lāʻau hui pū, ʻaʻole wale nō. He akamai ka TB bacteria a hiki ke hoʻomohala i ke kūpaʻa wikiwiki, no laila, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau he nui e pale ai i ka bacteria mai ka lanakila ʻana i kekahi lāʻau hoʻokahi. Hāʻawi kēia ala hui i kou kino i ka manawa maikaʻi loa e hoʻopau loa i ka maʻi.

Ua mālama kūikawā ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no nā hihia i hāʻule ai nā koho lapaʻau ʻē aʻe a i ʻole ʻaʻole kūpono. E hoʻāʻo kāu hui mālama ola i kāu TB bacteria i loko o kahi hale hana e hōʻoia i ka hana ʻole o nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau ma mua o ka ʻōlelo ʻana i ka bedaquiline.

Pehea e hana ai ʻo Bedaquiline?

Hana ʻo Bedaquiline ma ka pale ʻana i ka ATP synthase, kahi enzyme e pono ai ka TB bacteria e hana i ka ikehu. E noʻonoʻo e like me ka ʻoki ʻana i ka lako mana i kahi hale hana - me ka ʻole o ka ikehu, ʻaʻole hiki i ka bacteria ke ola a hana hou.

He mea ikaika loa kēia i ka bedaquiline e kūʻē i ka bacteria TB, akā ʻaʻole ia he lāʻau e hana i ka pō. Noho ka lāʻau i loko o kou kino no ka manawa lōʻihi, e hoʻomau ana i ka hakakā ʻana i ka maʻi ma waena o nā lāʻau. He mea kōkua kēia no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi a he mea e nānā pono ai kāu kauka.

ʻAʻole like me kekahi mau lāʻau TB e pepehi koke i ka bacteria, hana ʻoi aku ka lohi a me ka paʻa o ka bedaquiline. Hiki i kēia ala mālie ke ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi i nā ʻano TB paʻakikī, kūʻē i aʻo e ola i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.

Pehea e lawe ai au i ka Bedaquiline?

E lawe i ka bedaquiline e like me ke kauoha a kāu kauka, maʻamau i hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā me ka meaʻai. E komo maikaʻi ka lāʻau i ka wā e lawe ʻia me ka ʻai, no laila, mai haʻalele i ka ʻai ʻana ma mua o kāu lāʻau. E kōkua kekahi meaʻai maʻamau - ʻaʻole pono ʻoe i kekahi mea kūikawā.

E ale i nā papa holoʻokoʻa me ka wai. Mai ʻoki, nau, a haki paha iā lākou, no ka mea, hiki i kēia ke hoʻopilikia i ke ʻano o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka lāʻau i loko o kou kino. Inā pilikia ʻoe i ka ale ʻana i nā papa, e kamaʻilio me kāu mea mālama ola e pili ana i nā koho ʻē aʻe.

E hoʻāʻo e lawe i kāu lāʻau i ka manawa like i kēlā me kēia lā e mālama i nā pae paʻa i loko o kāu ʻōnaehana. Hiki i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i kahi mea hoʻomanaʻo i kēlā me kēia lā ke kōkua iā ʻoe e noho paʻa, he mea nui ia no ka hakakā ʻana i ka TB kūʻē.

E kuhikuhi paha kāu kauka i nā lāʻau TB ʻē aʻe me ka bedaquiline. E lawe iā lākou a pau e like me ke kuhikuhi ʻia, ʻoiai inā hoʻomaka ʻoe e maikaʻi. ʻO ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā mua hiki ke ʻae i ka bacteria TB e hoʻi a lilo i mea kūʻē.

Pehea ka lōʻihi e lawe ai au i ka Bedaquiline?

Lawe ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i ka bedaquiline no 24 mau pule (ma kahi o 6 mahina), akā pili ka lōʻihi o kāu mālama ʻana i kāu kūlana kikoʻī. E noʻonoʻo kāu kauka i nā mea e like me ka maikaʻi o kāu pane ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe āu e lawe nei.

He mea nui nā pule ʻelua mua - e lawe ʻoe i ka bedaquiline i kēlā me kēia lā i loko o kēia wā e kūkulu koke ai i nā pae kūpono i loko o kou ʻōnaehana. Ma hope o ia mea, hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻoponopono i ke alapine e pili ana i kou kūlana.

Mai hooki i ka lawe ʻana i ka bedaquiline no ka mea ua maikaʻi kou manaʻo. Hiki i ka bacteria TB ke hūnā i loko o kou kino a lilo hou i mea hana inā pau ka lapaʻau i ka wā mua. E hoʻohana kāu hui mālama ola i nā hoʻokolohua e like me nā moʻomeheu sputum a me nā X-ray umauma e hoʻoholo ai i ka wā e palekana ai ke hooki.

Pono kekahi poʻe i nā papa lapaʻau lōʻihi, ʻoiai inā he koʻikoʻi ko lākou TB a i ʻole he mau maʻi olakino ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka hoʻōla. E nānā pono kāu kauka i kou holomua a hoʻoponopono i kāu hoʻolālā lapaʻau e like me ka mea e pono ai.

He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao o Bedaquiline?

E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a pau, hiki i ka bedaquiline ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i ʻike nā kānaka a pau iā lākou. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka mea e manaʻo ai hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e mākaukau a ʻike i ka wā e hoʻopili ai i kāu mea mālama ola.

ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau āu e ʻike ai, ʻo ia ka nausea, ka ʻeha hui, ke poʻo, a me nā loli i kou manaʻo o ka ʻono a i ʻole ka ʻala. He maʻalahi kēia mau hopena a pinepine e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka wā e hoʻoponopono ai kou kino i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā pule mua.

Eia nā hopena ʻaoʻao i ʻike ʻia e nā kānaka he nui i ka wā o ka lapaʻau:

• Nausea a me ka ʻōpū
• ʻEha hui a i ʻole nā ʻeha ʻiʻo
• Poʻo
• ʻĀwili
• Nā loli i ka ʻono a i ʻole ka ʻala
• Luhi a i ʻole ka luhi
• Pāpaʻa ʻili

Hiki ke mālama ʻia kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau a ʻaʻole pono e hooki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Eia naʻe, e hōʻike mau i kāu hui mālama ola e pili ana i nā hōʻailona āu e ʻike nei i hiki iā lākou ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻoluʻolu.

ʻAʻole maʻamau nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi, akā pono e mālama koke ʻia. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau pilikia i ka puʻuwai, nā pilikia ate koʻikoʻi, a i ʻole nā hōʻailona o kahi hopena maʻi maʻi koʻikoʻi.

E kāhea koke i kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona e hopohopo nei:

• Ka puʻuwai ʻole a i ʻole ka ʻeha o ka umauma
• Ka luaʻi nui, ka luaʻi ʻana, a i ʻole ka nalowale o ka ʻai
• Melemele o ka ʻili a i ʻole nā maka (jaundice)
• Mimi ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā ʻōpala palapala
• Luhi nui a i ʻole nāwaliwali
• Paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana
• Pāpaʻa ʻili nui a i ʻole nā hives

E nānā pono kāu hui mālama ola iā ʻoe i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana me nā hoʻokolohua koko maʻamau a me ka nānā ʻana i ka puʻuwai. Kōkua kēia i ka hopu ʻana i nā pilikia e hiki mai ana i ka wā mua a hōʻoia i ka palekana a me ka pono o kāu mālama ʻana.

ʻO wai ka mea pono ʻole e lawe iā Bedaquiline?

ʻAʻole kūpono ʻo Bedaquiline no nā mea a pau, a e loiloi pono kāu kauka inā kūpono ia iā ʻoe. Pono paha ka poʻe me kekahi mau maʻi puʻuwai a i ʻole ka poʻe e lawe ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.

ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e lawe iā bedaquiline inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi maʻi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole kekahi o kāna mau meaʻai. E makaʻala nō hoʻi kāu kauka i ka ʻōlelo ʻana inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau maʻi puʻuwai a i ʻole e lawe ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka hana uila o kou puʻuwai.

Makemake kāu mea mālama ola e ʻike e pili ana i kēia mau maʻi ma mua o ka ʻōlelo ʻana iā bedaquiline:

• Nā maʻi puʻuwai (arrhythmias)
• Maʻi ate a i ʻole nā enzyme ate kiʻekiʻe
• Nā pilikia kīkī
• Haʻahaʻa potassium, calcium, a i ʻole magnesium
• Mōʻaukala o ka puʻuwai a i ʻole ka puʻuwai
• Mōʻaukala ʻohana o ka make puʻuwai koke

Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke launa pū me bedaquiline, ʻo ia hoʻi nā mea e pili ana i ka puʻuwai a i ʻole ka hana ate. E nānā kāu kauka i kāu mau lāʻau lapaʻau i kēia manawa, me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā mea hoʻohui, ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka mālama ʻana.

Inā hāpai ʻoe a i ʻole e hānai ana i ka waiū, e loiloi pono kāu kauka i nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā pilikia. ʻOiai he mea nui ka mālama ʻana i ka TB no ʻoe a me kāu pēpē, pono ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka bedaquiline i ka wā hāpai i ka nānā pono ʻana a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā koho ʻē aʻe.

Nā inoa inoa inoa o Bedaquiline

Loaʻa ka Bedaquiline ma lalo o ka inoa inoa Sirturo ma ka hapa nui o nā ʻāina, me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. ʻO kēia ke ala maʻamau e ʻike ai ʻoe i ka mea i kauoha ʻia a hōʻailona ʻia ma ka hale kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau.

Hiki i kekahi mau ʻāina ke loaʻa nā inoa inoa inoa like ʻole a i ʻole nā mana generic i loaʻa. Hiki i kāu kauka lāʻau ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau kikoʻī a hōʻoia e loaʻa ana iā ʻoe ka formulation kūpono.

E nānā mau me kāu mea mālama ola a i ʻole ka mea kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau inā he nīnau kāu e pili ana i ke ʻano a i ʻole ka lepili o kāu lāʻau. He mea nui e hōʻoia e lawe ana ʻoe i ka mea i kauoha ʻia.

Nā koho ʻē aʻe o Bedaquiline

Inā ʻaʻole kūpono ka bedaquiline iā ʻoe, hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe ke mālama i ka TB kūʻē i nā lāʻau he nui. Hiki i kāu kauka ke noʻonoʻo i nā lāʻau e like me ka linezolid, clofazimine, a i ʻole nā mea hou e like me ka pretomanid, ma muli o kāu ʻano TB kikoʻī a me ke olakino.

Aia ke koho o ke koho ʻē aʻe i nā mea he nui, me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kūʻē ai kāu bacteria TB, kou mau maʻi olakino ʻē aʻe, a me nā pilina lāʻau lapaʻau. E hana pū kāu hui mālama ola me nā loea TB e ʻimi i ka hui maikaʻi loa no kou kūlana.

Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke hoʻohana i ka bedaquiline i hui pū ʻia me kēia mau koho ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka pani. ʻO ka pahuhopu ke hana mau i kahi hoʻolālā lapaʻau e hiki ke hoʻōla i kāu TB me ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao a me nā pilikia.

He paʻakikī a pilikino nā hoʻoholo lapaʻau no ka TB kūʻē i nā lāʻau. E noʻonoʻo kāu kauka i nā hopena o ka hale hana e hōʻike ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hana ana i kāu ʻano TB kikoʻī, kou mōʻaukala olakino, a me ka maikaʻi o kou ʻae ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau like ʻole.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o Bedaquiline ma mua o nā lāʻau lapaʻau TB ʻē aʻe?

ʻAʻole pono ʻo Bedaquiline i ka “ʻoi aku” ma mua o nā lāʻau TB ʻē aʻe – he hana ʻokoʻa kāna. ʻOiai e hana maikaʻi ana nā lāʻau TB laina mua e like me isoniazid a me rifampin no ka hapa nui o nā hihia TB, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo bedaquiline e kūʻē i nā ʻano kūʻē ʻole i ka mālama maʻamau.

No ka TB kūʻē i nā lāʻau he nui, ua hōʻike ʻo bedaquiline i nā pono nui i nā haʻawina lapaʻau. Hiki iā ia ke kōkua i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā helu hoʻōla kiʻekiʻe a hiki ke ʻae i nā papa hana pōkole ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka lāʻau hui.

ʻO ke ʻano hana kūʻokoʻa o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e waiwai ai ia i nā bacteria TB i kūʻē i nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe. Eia naʻe, ua mālama ʻia ia no nā hihia kūʻē ma muli o ke kumukūʻai, nā hopena ʻaoʻao, a me ka pono o ka nānā pono ʻana.

E koho kāu kauka i nā lāʻau kūpono loa e pili ana i kāu ʻano TB, ka mōʻaukala olakino, a me nā kūlana pilikino. ʻO ka lāʻau

Inā ua lawe ʻoe i ka bedaquiline ma mua o ka mea i kauoha ʻia, e kelepona koke i kāu kauka a i ʻole ke kikowaena mana ʻawa. Mai kali e ʻike inā ʻoe e ʻike i nā hōʻailona, no ka mea, hiki i ka overdose bedaquiline ke hana i nā pilikia puʻuwai koʻikoʻi.

E hele i ka lumi ulia pōpilikia inā ʻoe e ʻike i ka ʻeha o ka umauma, ka puʻuwai ʻole, ka wili nui, a i ʻole ka hāʻule ʻana ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau nui loa. E lawe mai i kāu hue lāʻau me ʻoe i ʻike nā mea mālama ola i ka mea a me ka nui āu i lawe ai.

No ka pale ʻana i ka overdose ulia pōpilikia, e mālama i ka bedaquiline i loko o kāna pahu mua me ka lepili maopopo. E noʻonoʻo e hoʻohana i kahi mea hoʻonohonoho pila a i ʻole e hoʻonohonoho i nā mea hoʻomanaʻo e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo inā ua lawe mua ʻoe i kāu lāʻau i kēlā me kēia lā.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā ua hala wau i kahi lāʻau o Bedaquiline?

Inā ua hala ʻoe i kahi lāʻau o bedaquiline, e lawe koke iā ia ke hoʻomanaʻo ʻoe, akā inā aia i loko o 6 mau hola o kāu manawa i hoʻonohonoho ʻia. Inā ua hala ma mua o 6 mau hola, e lele i ka lāʻau i hala a lawe i kāu lāʻau aʻe i ka manawa maʻamau.

Mai lawe i ʻelua lāʻau i ka manawa hoʻokahi e hana ai no kahi lāʻau i hala. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia o nā hopena ʻaoʻao, ʻoiai nā pilikia puʻuwai. Akā, e hoʻomau me kāu papa hana maʻamau.

Inā poina pinepine ʻoe i nā lāʻau, e kamaʻilio me kāu mea mālama ola e pili ana i nā hoʻolālā e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo. He mea nui ka dosing kūlike no ka hakakā ʻana i ka TB kūpaʻa a me ka pale ʻana i ka bacteria mai ka lilo ʻana i mea kūpaʻa.

I ka manawa hea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hooki i ka lawe ʻana i ka Bedaquiline?

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hooki i ka lawe ʻana i ka bedaquiline ke haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe he palekana ke hana pēlā. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia hoʻoholo ma nā hoʻokolohua lab, nā haʻawina kiʻi, a me kāu pane lapaʻau, ʻaʻole wale ma ke ʻano āu e manaʻo ai.

E nānā kāu hui mālama ola i kāu mau moʻomeheu sputum, nā X-ray umauma, a me nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e hoʻoholo ai i ka wā e mālama piha ʻia ai kāu maʻi TB. ʻO ka hooki ʻana i ka wā mua hiki ke ʻae i ka bacteria e hoʻi a lilo i mea kūpaʻa i ka lapaʻau.

Ma hope o kou hooki ʻana i ka bedaquiline, e hoʻomau paha ʻoe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau TB ʻē aʻe a me nā manawa hālāwai maʻamau. E makemake kāu kauka e hōʻoia ʻaʻole i hoʻi mai ka maʻi a ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka lāʻau piha.

Hiki iaʻu ke inu i ka waiʻona i ka wā e lawe ana i ka Bedaquiline?

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e pale i ka waiʻona i ka wā e lawe ana i ka bedaquiline, no ka mea, hiki i nā mea ʻelua ke hoʻopilikia i kāu hana ate a me ka puʻuwai. Hiki i ka waiʻona ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia o nā pilikia ate a hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o kou kino i ka lāʻau.

Inā koho ʻoe e inu i kekahi manawa, e kūkākūkā mua me kāu mea mālama ola. Hiki iā lākou ke aʻo iā ʻoe e pili ana i kou kūlana olakino a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe āu e lawe nei.

E hoʻomanaʻo e hana nui ana kou ate i ka hana ʻana i ka bedaquiline a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau TB ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka waiʻona i ka hui hiki ke hoʻokau i ke koʻikoʻi hou i kēia ʻōkana koʻikoʻi a hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka pono o kāu lapaʻau.