He aha ʻo Diethyltoluamide (DEET): Nā Hoʻohana, Nā Ana, Nā hopena ʻaoʻao a me nā mea hou aku

ʻO Diethyltoluamide, i ʻike nui ʻia ʻo DEET, kekahi o nā mea pale pepeke maikaʻi loa i loaʻa i kēia lā. Ua pale kēia hui synthetic i nā kānaka mai nā makika, nā kikiki, a me nā pepeke nahu ʻē aʻe no nā makahiki he 70. E ʻike ʻoe iā DEET i loko o nā pīpī a me nā lotions kalepa, kahi e hana ai ma ka hana ʻana i kahi pale ʻaʻole makemake nā pepeke e hele.

He aha ʻo Diethyltoluamide (DEET)?

ʻO DEET kahi hui kemika synthetic e hana ma ke ʻano he mea pale pepeke ke hoʻopili ʻia i kou ʻili a i ʻole nā lole. ʻO ka inoa kemika piha ʻo N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide, akā ua kapa nā kānaka a pau iā DEET no ka maʻalahi. Ua hoʻomohala mua ʻia e ka U.S. Army i ka makahiki 1946 a ua loaʻa i ka lehulehu i ka makahiki 1957.

E noʻonoʻo iā DEET e like me ka hana ʻana i kahi pale ʻike ʻole a puni ʻoe e ʻike ai nā pepeke he mea ʻoluʻolu ʻole. ʻAʻole like me nā mea pepehi pepeke e pepehi ana i nā pepeke, hoʻemi wale ʻo DEET iā ʻoe i ka nani iā lākou. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ke kūlana gula no nā mea pale pepeke no ka mea e hana ana ia i nā ʻano pepeke nahu like ʻole me nā makika, nā kikiki, nā flea, nā chiggers, a me nā gnats.

No ke aha e hoʻohana ʻia ai ʻo DEET?

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo DEET e pale i nā nahu pepeke a me nā maʻi e hiki ai iā lākou ke lawe. Makemake ʻoe e hoʻohana iā ia i ka wā e hoʻolilo ai i ka manawa ma waho, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā wahi i maʻamau ai nā makika a me nā kikiki. Aia kēia me ka hoʻomoana, ka hele wāwae, ka māla, a i ʻole ka leʻaleʻa wale nō i kou pā hale i ka wā o ka manawa pepeke.

ʻO ka pale a DEET e hāʻawi ai ma mua o ka hōʻoluʻolu wale nō. Hiki iā ia ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e nā makika e like me ka maʻi West Nile, ka maʻi Zika, ke kuni dengue, a me ka maʻi malaria ma nā wahi i loaʻa ai kēia mau mea. No nā kikiki, kōkua ʻo DEET i ka hōʻemi ʻana i kou pilikia o ka maʻi Lyme, ka maʻi Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe i lawe ʻia e nā kikiki.

Hiki nō iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā huahana i loaʻa ka DEET ke hele ʻoe i nā wahi tropical a i ʻole subtropical kahi i maʻamau ai nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e nā mea kolo. He nui nā loea olakino huakaʻi e ʻōlelo nei i ka DEET ma ke ʻano he mea nui o kāu hoʻolālā pale i kēia mau wahi.

Pehea e Hana ai ka DEET?

Hana ka DEET ma ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i ka hiki o nā mea kolo ke ʻike iā ʻoe ma ke ʻano he mea ʻai. Hoʻohana nā makika a me nā mea kolo ʻē aʻe i nā mea ʻike kūikawā e ʻimi i nā kānaka ma ka ʻike ʻana i ka carbon dioxide a mākou e hanu ai, ka wela o ko mākou kino, a me kekahi mau kemika ma ko mākou ʻili. Hoʻopilikia ka DEET i kēia mau mea ʻike, e paʻakikī loa ai i nā mea kolo ke ʻimi iā ʻoe.

He mea pale ikaika a maikaʻi loa kēia. Hōʻike nā haʻawina e hiki i ka DEET ke hāʻawi i ka pale no kekahi mau hola, me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e lōʻihi ana. Hiki i kahi huahana 10% DEET ke pale iā ʻoe no kahi o 2 mau hola, aʻo ka 30% concentration hiki ke hana no 6 mau hola.

ʻAʻole e piʻi nui ka pono me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, akā e lōʻihi ana ka lōʻihi o ka pale. ʻAʻole e hāʻawi nā kiʻekiʻe ma luna o 30% i ka pale maikaʻi aʻe, akā e lōʻihi ana lākou, ʻo ia ke kumu e ʻike ʻole ai ʻoe i nā huahana me ka ʻoi aku o 30-35% DEET.

Pehea e Hoʻohana ai au i ka DEET?

E hoʻopili i nā huahana DEET i ka ʻili a me nā lole i hōʻike ʻia, akā e pale i ka loaʻa ʻana ma kou mau lima inā hiki, no ka mea, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoili iā ia i kou mau maka a i ʻole kou waha. E hoʻomaka me kahi papa lahilahi, a e hoʻopili hou wale nō ke ʻike ʻia ka pau ʻana o ka pale, maʻamau i hōʻike ʻia e nā mea kolo e hoihoi hou ana iā ʻoe.

ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻopili i ka DEET me ka meaʻai a i ʻole ka wai, ʻaʻole like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau waha. Eia naʻe, pono ʻoe e hoʻopili iā ia ma hope o ka sunscreen inā ʻoe e hoʻohana ana i nā huahana ʻelua. E ʻae i ka sunscreen e komo no kekahi mau minuke, a laila e hoʻopili i ka mea pale DEET ma luna.

I ka wā e hoʻopili ai i kou maka, e pīpī mua i ka huahana i loko o kou mau lima, a laila e hoʻopili pono iā ia me ka pale ʻana i kou mau maka, ka waha, a me ka wahi a puni kou ihu. No nā keiki, e hoʻopili mau i ka huahana iā ʻoe iho ma mua o ka ʻae ʻana iā lākou e hana.

Ma hope o ka hele ʻana i loko o ka hale, e holoi i ka DEET mai kou ʻili me ke kopa a me ka wai, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hele hou i waho. Kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i ka hōʻike ʻana i ka pono ʻole a wehe i nā manaʻo paʻa e waiho ai ka huahana.

Pehea ka lōʻihi e hoʻohana ai au i ka DEET?

Pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i ka DEET i ka wā e pono ai ʻoe i ka pale mai nā iniseti, ʻaʻole ma ke ʻano he huahana maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā. E hoʻopili iā ia ma mua o ka hele ʻana i nā wahi kahi e manaʻo ai ʻoe e hālāwai me nā iniseti nahu, a holoi iā ia ke hoʻi ʻoe i loko o ka hale a i ʻole ʻaʻole pono hou i ka pale.

No ka hapa nui o nā kānaka, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka DEET i kēlā me kēia kau i ka wā o ka hana ʻana o nā iniseti he palekana loa. ʻO ia paha ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana mau ʻana i ka wā o nā mahina kauwela inā ʻoe e hoʻolilo i ka manawa nui ma waho, akā e pau ana i ka wā hoʻoilo ke emi ka hana ʻana o nā iniseti.

Inā ʻoe e hele ana i kahi wahi me nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e nā iniseti, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka DEET i kēlā me kēia lā no ka lōʻihi o kāu huakaʻi. Ua manaʻo ʻia kēia hoʻohana ikaika i ka wā pōkole he palekana no ka hapa nui o nā kānaka ke hahai ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo huahana.

He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao o DEET?

Hiki i ka hapa nui o nā kānaka ke hoʻohana i ka DEET me ka palekana me nā hopena ʻaoʻao liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā hopena maʻamau he maʻalahi a hiki ke hana pololei i kahi āu e hoʻopili ai i ka huahana. Aia kēia mau mea i ka huhū o ka ʻili, ka ʻulaʻula, a i ʻole ka manaʻo wela iki, ʻoiai inā he ʻili koʻikoʻi kou.

Eia nā hopena ʻaoʻao āu e ʻike ai, e hoʻomaka ana me nā mea maʻamau:

• Hoʻopilikia ʻili: ʻUlaʻula iki, ʻūlū, a i ʻole ke kuni ma kahi i hoʻopili ʻia ai
• Manaʻo pili aila a i ʻole: Waiho kekahi mau huahana i ke koena e ʻoluʻolu ʻole ai
• Hoʻopilikia maka: Inā komo ʻo DEET i kou mau maka, hiki iā ia ke hoʻoulu i ke kuni a me ka waimaka
• Nā hopena maʻi: Kakaʻikahi akā hiki, me ka ʻōpala, nā hives, a i ʻole ka pehu
• Hoʻopilikia hanu: Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ʻike i ka ʻū a i ʻole ka hoʻopilikia ʻana o ka ʻāʻī mai ka hanu ʻana i nā huahana spray

He maʻalahi kēia mau hopena a hoʻoponopono koke ʻia ke holoi ʻoe i ka huahana. ʻIke ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ka hoʻohuihui ʻokoʻa e kōkua inā ʻike lākou i ka hoʻopilikia.

He kakaʻikahi loa nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi akā hiki ke hana me ka hoʻohana hewa ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻike nui ʻana. Hiki i kēia ke komo i nā hōʻailona neurological e like me ka huikau, nā loli o ke ʻano, a i ʻole ka pilikia o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana. He mea maʻamau ʻole kēia mau hopena a hana maʻamau wale nō ke hoʻohana pono ʻole ʻia ʻo DEET, e like me ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka nui loa a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana i ka mea.

ʻO wai ka mea pono ʻole e hoʻohana iā DEET?

He palekana ʻo DEET no ka hapa nui o nā kānaka, akā pono kekahi mau pūʻulu e hoʻohana me ka akahele hou aʻe a i ʻole e pale aku iā ia. ʻAʻole pono nā pēpē ma lalo o 2 mau mahina e hoʻohana i nā huahana DEET no ka mea ʻoi aku ka hiki ke komo i ko lākou ʻili a ke ulu nei kā lākou ʻōnaehana.

ʻO nā kānaka me ka ʻili maʻalahi loa a i ʻole ka poʻe i loaʻa i nā hopena maʻi i ka DEET i ka wā ma mua e ʻimi i nā mea pale ʻē aʻe. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka eczema, dermatitis, a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ʻili ʻē aʻe, e hoʻāʻo mua i kahi wahi liʻiliʻi a i ʻole e nīnau i kāu kauka ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana DEET.

Hiki i nā wahine hāpai a me nā wahine e hānai ana i ka waiū ke hoʻohana palekana iā DEET, akā makemake ka nui e hoʻohana i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​mea pale ʻē aʻe i kēia manawa. Manaʻo ka CDC he palekana ʻo DEET i ka wā hāpai ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ke kuhikuhi.

Inā he maʻi neurological kou a i ʻole e lawe ana i nā lāʻau e pili ana i kāu ʻōnaehana nerve, e kamaʻilio me kāu mea mālama ola ma mua o ka hoʻohana mau ʻana i ka DEET. ʻOiai he kakaikahi nā pilina, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nānā ʻana ke loaʻa iā ʻoe nā maʻi olakino.

Nā inoa inoa DEET

E ʻike ʻoe i ka DEET i nā hōʻailona mea hoʻopale pepeke kaulana, ʻoiai ʻokoʻa ka ʻike a me ka hoʻohui ʻana. ʻO kekahi mau hōʻailona kaulana e pili ana iā OFF!, Cutter, Repel, a me Deep Woods OFF!, e hāʻawi ana i nā pākēneka DEET like ʻole mai kahi 7% a 30%.

Nui nā mea hoʻopale pepeke generic a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona hale kūʻai i loaʻa pū i ka DEET a hana like me nā inoa inoa. ʻO ke kī e nānā i ka papa inoa o nā mea hana a koho i kahi ʻike e kūlike me kāu mau pono a me ka lōʻihi o ka pale āu e makemake ai.

Hoʻohui kekahi mau hōʻailona i ka DEET me nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me ka aloe vera a i ʻole ka huaora E e hōʻemi i ka huhū o ka ʻili, ʻoiai ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e kālele ana i nā ʻano hana like ʻole e like me nā holoi, nā lotions, a i ʻole nā ​​pume sprays ma kahi o nā aerosols.

Nā koho ʻē aʻe DEET

Inā ʻaʻole kūpono ka DEET iā ʻoe, aia kekahi mau koho ʻē aʻe. ʻO Picaridin kahi mea hoʻopale synthetic e hana like me DEET akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka momona a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻala. He kūpono like ia i nā makika a me nā ticks a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka huhū i ka ʻili maʻalahi.

ʻO ka ʻaila o ka lemon eucalyptus (OLE) kahi koho i hoʻokumu ʻia i nā mea kanu i ʻike ʻia e ka CDC he pono. Hāʻawi ia i ka pale no kahi o 2 mau hola a he ʻala citrusy ʻoluʻolu, ʻoiai ʻaʻole paha e lōʻihi e like me DEET a i ʻole picaridin.

He ʻokoʻa ʻo Permethrin mai nā mea hoʻopale ʻē aʻe no ka mea e hoʻopili ʻoe iā ia i nā lole a me nā mea hana, ʻaʻole pololei i ka ʻili. Hoʻopau maoli ia i nā iniseti i ka wā e pili ai a hiki ke lōʻihi ma o kekahi mau holoi ʻana, e hana ana i mea maikaʻi loa no nā mea hana hoʻomoana a me nā lole hana.

Hiki i nā koho kūlohelohe e like me ka citronella, ka ʻaila peppermint, a i ʻole ka lavender ke hāʻawi i kekahi pale, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o lākou a ʻoi aku ka pōkole ma mua o nā mea hoʻopale synthetic. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o lākou no nā hana waho māmā ma nā wahi me ka haʻahaʻa o nā iniseti.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o DEET ma mua o Picaridin?

He mea pale iniseti maikaʻi loa ʻo DEET a me picaridin, akā he ikaika ʻokoʻa ko lākou. Ua lōʻihi ka DEET a loaʻa iā ia ka noiʻi nui e kākoʻo ana i kona pono, ʻoiai he mea hou ʻo picaridin akā makemake pinepine ʻia no kona manaʻo a me ka ʻala.

Ma ke ʻano o ka pale, hana like lāua ʻelua i nā makika a me nā ticks. He liʻiliʻi paha ka DEET i nā ʻano lele a me nā gnats, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka picaridin i ka pale ʻana i nā ticks. ʻO ka koho pinepine e pili ana i ka makemake pilikino a me ka ʻili.

ʻAʻole momona ka manaʻo o Picaridin, ʻaʻohe ona ʻala, a ʻaʻole paha e hōʻino i nā plastics a i ʻole nā lole synthetic. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ua hala nā makahiki o ka hoʻohana ʻana o DEET a maʻalahi paha ke loaʻa i nā hale kūʻai. Ua manaʻo ʻia lāua ʻelua he palekana ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ke kuhikuhi.

Nā nīnau i nīnau pinepine ʻia e pili ana iā DEET

He palekana anei ʻo DEET no nā keiki?

ʻAe, palekana ʻo DEET no nā keiki ma luna o 2 mau mahina i ka wā e hoʻohana pono ai. Paipai ka American Academy of Pediatrics i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana me ka ʻoi aku o 30% DEET ma nā keiki, a nui nā pediatricians e ʻōlelo nei e hoʻomaka me nā mea haʻahaʻa e like me 10-15% no nā keiki ʻōpio.

E noi iā DEET i nā keiki iā ʻoe iho ma mua o ka ʻae ʻana iā lākou e hana, a e pale i ka loaʻa ʻana ma ko lākou mau lima no ka mea e hoʻokomo pinepine nā keiki i ko lākou mau lima i ko lākou waha. E holoi mau i ka wā e hele mai ai lākou i loko, a mai hoʻopili i lalo o nā lole kahi e komo ai.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā hoʻohana au i ka nui o DEET?

Inā ua hoʻohana nui ʻoe i ka DEET, holoi koke i ka wahi me ke kopa a me ka wai mehana. Wehe i nā lole i loaʻa ka huahana nui ma luna. Inā ʻike ʻoe i ka huhū o ka ʻili, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopili i kahi lole anuanu a pulu i ka wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia.

Inā komo ka DEET i kou mau maka, holoi pono iā lākou me ka wai maʻemaʻe no ka liʻiliʻi he 15 mau minuke. Inā ʻoe e ʻai i ka DEET me ka pōʻino, mai hoʻokomo i ka luaʻi, akā e inu i ka wai a e hoʻokaʻaʻike koke i ka mana hoʻomalu ʻona a i ʻole kāu mea mālama ola.

E nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka ʻike nui ʻana e like me ka huhū o ka ʻili, ke poʻo, a i ʻole ka nausea. ʻOiai he kakaikahi nā hopena koʻikoʻi, e ʻimi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau inā ʻike ʻoe i ka huikau, nā loli o ka naʻau, a i ʻole ka pilikia o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka DEET.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā ua poina iaʻu ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka DEET?

Inā ua poina iā ʻoe e hoʻopili i ka DEET ma mua o ka hele ʻana i waho, e hoʻopili iā ia i ka wā e hoʻomanaʻo ai ʻoe, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e ʻike nei i ka hana ʻana o nā mea kolo. ʻAʻole i lohi loa e hoʻomaka e pale iā ʻoe iho, a hoʻomaka ka DEET e hana koke ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana.

Mai hoʻopili i ka DEET hou e hoʻoponopono ai i ka hoʻopili ʻana i hala. E hoʻohana wale i ka nui maʻamau a e hoʻopili hou e like me nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi o ka huahana e pili ana i ka wā i hoʻopili mua ai ʻoe, ʻaʻole i ka wā āu i hoʻolālā mua ai e hoʻopili.

I ka manawa hea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hooki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka DEET?

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hooki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka DEET i ka wā e emi ai ka hana ʻana o nā mea kolo, maʻamau i ka wā e emi ai nā mahana i ka hāʻule a me ka hoʻoilo. ʻAʻole pono ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i ka mea pale mea kolo i ka wā e emi mau ana nā mahana ma lalo o 50°F (10°C), no ka mea, lilo ka hana ʻana o nā makika a me nā ʻūlū i mea liʻiliʻi.

Inā ʻoe e hoʻohana ana i ka DEET no ka huakaʻi e pale i ka maʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hooki i ka wā e hoʻi ai ʻoe i ka home, me ka manaʻo ʻaʻole ʻoe i kahi wahi me ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka maʻi i lawe ʻia e nā mea kolo. E holoi mau i ka DEET i ka wā e pono hou ʻole ai ʻoe i ka pale, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e hoʻolālā e hoʻopili hou iā ia ma hope.

Hiki iaʻu ke hoʻohana i ka DEET me ka pale lā?

ʻAe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka DEET me ka pale lā, akā e hoʻopili iā lākou ma ke ʻano kūpono. E kau mua i ka pale lā a e ʻae iā ia e komo no kekahi mau minuke, a laila e hoʻopili i ka mea pale DEET ma luna. E hōʻoia kēia i ka hana pono ʻana o nā huahana ʻelua.

E hōʻalo i nā huahana hui pū e loaʻa ana ka pale lā a me ka DEET, no ka mea, pono lākou i nā papa hana hou like ʻole. Pono e hoʻopili hou ʻia ka pale lā i kēlā me kēia 2 hola, ʻoiai e mau ana ka DEET no ka lōʻihi, no laila hāʻawi nā huahana kaʻawale iā ʻoe i ka mana hou aʻe ma luna o kāu pale.