He aha ʻo Ezogabine: Nā Hoʻohana, Nā Kumu, Nā ʻAoʻao ʻAoʻao a me nā mea hou aku

ʻO Ezogabine he lāʻau lapaʻau anti-seizure i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka epilepsy i nā pākeke. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻōki ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau a ʻaʻole i loaʻa hou no nā kauoha hou ma muli o nā pilikia palekana. Inā ʻoe e noiʻi ana iā ezogabine, e ʻimi ana paha ʻoe i ka ʻike e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka wā i hala a i ʻole e ʻimi ana i nā koho ʻē aʻe no ka mālama ʻana i ka hopu ʻana.

ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻōki ʻia hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hana i nā hoʻoholo i ka ʻike e pili ana i kāu mau koho lapaʻau i kēia manawa. E ʻimi kākou i ke ʻano o ka ezogabine, no ke aha i loaʻa ʻole ai, a he aha ke ʻano o kēia no ka mālama ʻana i ka hopu ʻana i kēia lā.

He aha ʻo Ezogabine?

ʻO Ezogabine kahi lāʻau anti-epileptic i hana ʻokoʻa mai nā lāʻau lapaʻau hopu ʻē aʻe. Ua hoʻolālā kūikawā ʻia e mālama i nā hopu ʻāpana i nā pākeke i ka wā i hāʻawi ʻole ai nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe i ka mana kūpono.

No ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kahi papa lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo potassium channel openers. E noʻonoʻo iā ia he kī kūikawā hiki ke wehe i nā kahawai kikoʻī i loko o kou mau pūnaewele lolo, e kōkua ana e hōʻoluʻolu i ka hana uila nui e hana ai i nā hopu.

Ua ʻae ʻia ʻo Ezogabine e ka FDA i ka makahiki 2011 akā ua haʻalele manawaleʻa ʻia mai ka mākeke i ka makahiki 2017. Ua hana ʻia kēia haʻalele ʻana ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana o nā mea noiʻi i nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hapa nui o nā maʻi.

No ke aha i hoʻohana ʻia ai ʻo Ezogabine?

Ua kauoha ʻia ʻo Ezogabine ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau no nā pākeke me nā hopu ʻāpana. ʻO kēia mau hopu e hoʻomaka ana ma kahi kikoʻī o ka lolo a hiki ke laha a ʻaʻole paha i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe.

Ua noʻonoʻo nā kauka iā ezogabine i ka wā i loaʻa ʻole ai i nā maʻi ka mana hopu kūpono mai kā lākou mau lāʻau lapaʻau i kēia manawa. ʻAʻole i manaʻo ʻia he lāʻau lapaʻau laina mua, akā he koho hou no ka poʻe me ka epilepsy paʻakikī.

Ua ʻae ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no nā pākeke 18 makahiki a ʻoi aku. ʻAʻole i ʻae ʻia no nā keiki, a ua mālama nā kauka iā ia no nā hihia i hoʻāʻo mua ʻia nā hui lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.

Pehea i hana ai ʻo Ezogabine?

Ua hana ʻo Ezogabine ma ka wehe ʻana i nā kahawai potassium kikoʻī i loko o nā cell lolo i kapa ʻia ʻo KCNQ channels. Ua kōkua kēia hana i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka hana uila i loko o nā neurons, e hoʻemi ana i ko lākou hiki ke puhi i ke ʻano ʻokoʻa a hoʻomaka i nā hopu.

He mea kū hoʻokahi kēia hana i waena o nā lāʻau lapaʻau hopu i kēlā manawa. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā lāʻau anti-epileptic ʻē aʻe e hana ma ka ālai ʻana i nā kahawai sodium a i ʻole ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana neurotransmitter ʻē aʻe, no laila ua hāʻawi ʻo ezogabine i kahi ala ʻokoʻa i ka mālama ʻana i ka hopu.

Ua manaʻo ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau he mea kūpono no kāna hoʻohana i manaʻo ʻia. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i lawa kona mau pono kū hoʻokahi e lanakila i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi i lilo i mea maopopo i nā makahiki ma ka mākeke.

Pehea e lawe ʻia ai ʻo Ezogabine?

Mai ka wā i loaʻa hou ʻole ai ʻo ezogabine, ua hāʻawi ʻia kēia ʻike no ka ʻike mōʻaukala wale nō. Ua lawe ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻekolu manawa i ka lā me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai.

Hoʻomaka ka poʻe maʻi me kahi mahele haʻahaʻa i hoʻonui mālie ʻia i nā pule he nui. Ua kōkua kēia hoʻonui lohi i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao i ka wā e ʻimi ana i ka mahele maikaʻi loa no kēlā me kēia kanaka.

Ua hele mai ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke ʻano papa a pono e ale ʻia holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka haki ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻoki ʻana i nā papa hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ke ʻano o ka lawe ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a hiki ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.

He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao o Ezogabine?

Ua hana ʻo Ezogabine i kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao e hopohopo nei i alakaʻi i kona haʻalele ʻana mai ka mākeke. ʻO nā pilikia koʻikoʻi loa e pili ana i nā loli i ka retina i ka maka a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻili uliuli-hinahina mau.

Eia nā hopena ʻaoʻao i lilo i mea hopohopo nui i ka wā o ezogabine ma ka mākeke:

• Nā pilikia o ka retina e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka ʻike
• He ʻulaʻula uliuli-hinahina o ka ʻili, nā lehelehe, a me nā moena kui
• He ʻulaʻula uliuli-hinahina o nā keʻokeʻo o nā maka
• He wili a me ka huikau
• He luhi a me ka nāwaliwali
• Nā pilikia me ka hoʻopili a me ke kaulike
• He paʻakikī me ka hoʻomanaʻo a me ka noʻonoʻo
• Ka paʻa ʻana o ka mimi (he paʻakikī i ka hoʻokahe ʻana i ka ʻōpū piha)

He mea hopohopo nui ka ʻulaʻula o ka ʻili a me nā maka no ka mea ua ʻike ʻia he mau loa i nā hihia he nui. ʻAʻole i hoʻihoʻi ʻia kēia mau loli ma hope o ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka lāʻau, kahi i kōkua i ka hoʻoholo e wehe i ka ezogabine mai ka mākeke.

ʻO wai ka mea ʻaʻole pono e lawe i ka Ezogabine?

Ua ʻōlelo ʻia kekahi mau pūʻulu o nā kānaka ʻaʻole e lawe i ka ezogabine ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o nā pilikia. ʻO kēlā me kēia kanaka me nā pilikia o ka maka a i ʻole ka mōʻaukala o ka maʻi retinal ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia he moho maikaʻi no kēia lāʻau.

ʻO nā kānaka me kekahi mau maʻi puʻuwai, nā pilikia o ka puʻupaʻa, a i ʻole ka maʻi ate i kū i nā pilikia kiʻekiʻe me ka ezogabine. Hiki i ka lāʻau ke hoʻonui i kēia mau maʻi a i ʻole e launa pū me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe.

Ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā wahine hāpai a me ka poʻe e hoʻolālā ana e hāpai ʻaʻole e lawe i ka ezogabine ke ʻole i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā pilikia. Hiki i ka lāʻau ke hōʻeha i kahi pēpē e ulu ana.

Nā inoa inoa o Ezogabine

Ua kūʻai ʻia ʻo Ezogabine ma lalo o ka inoa inoa ʻo Potiga ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Ma kekahi mau ʻāina ʻē aʻe, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ma ka inoa inoa ʻo Trobalt, akā ua hoʻōki ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

Ua kuhikuhi nā inoa inoa ʻelua i ka lāʻau like me ka mea hana like. Ua pili wale nā inoa like ʻole i nā hoʻolālā kūʻai like ʻole ma nā wahi like ʻole.

Mai ka wā i wehe ʻia ai ka lāʻau ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole i loaʻa kekahi inoa inoa no nā kauoha hou ma nā wahi a pau o ka honua.

Nā koho ʻē aʻe o Ezogabine

He nui nā koho ʻē aʻe kūpono no ka poʻe i manaʻo ʻia he moho no ka ezogabine. Hāʻawi nā lāʻau lapaʻau anti-seizure hou i nā palekana maikaʻi aʻe me ka mālama ʻana i ka pono no nā hopu ʻāpana.

ʻO kekahi mau koho i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia, ʻo ia:

• Lacosamide (Vimpat) - hana ma nā kahawai sodium me nā hopena ʻaoʻao liʻiliʻi
• Perampanel (Fycompa) - kuhikuhi i kahi ʻōnaehana mea loaʻa lolo ʻokoʻa
• Brivaracetam (Briviact) - pili i ka levetiracetam akā me nā waiwai ʻokoʻa
• Eslicarbazepine (Aptiom) - kekahi mea pale kahawai sodium
• Cenobamate (Xcopri) - kahi koho hou me nā ʻano hana he nui

Hiki i kāu neurologist ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke koho ʻē aʻe e hana maikaʻi loa no kāu kūlana kikoʻī. Aia ke koho i kāu ʻano hopu, nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe āu e lawe nei, a me kāu mōʻaukala olakino pilikino.

Aia kekahi koho maikaʻi aʻe ma mua o Ezogabine?

ʻAe, aia i kēia manawa kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau hopu i manaʻo ʻia he palekana a pinepine i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka ezogabine. ʻAʻole i loaʻa i nā koho hou nā pilikia like o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻili mau a i ʻole ka pōʻino retinal.

Ua hōʻike nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka lacosamide a me ka perampanel i nā hopena maikaʻi loa i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau no nā hopu ʻāpana. Loaʻa iā lākou nā hopena ʻaoʻao i hiki ke mālama ʻia a ʻaʻole pono i ka nānā ʻana e pono ai ka ezogabine.

ʻO ka wehe ʻana o ka ezogabine i wehe i ka puka no nā koho lapaʻau maikaʻi aʻe. Ua hoʻomohala nā hui lāʻau lapaʻau i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau anti-seizure hou i nā makahiki i hala iho nei e hāʻawi ana i ka palekana a me ka pono.

Nā nīnau i nīnau pinepine ʻia e pili ana iā Ezogabine

He palekana anei ka ezogabine no ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes?

ʻAʻole i loaʻa hou ka Ezogabine, akā i ka wā i kuhikuhi ʻia ai, hiki i ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes ke lawe palekana. Eia naʻe, ua alakaʻi nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kona wehe ʻana mai ka mākeke me ka nānā ʻole i ke kūlana diabetes.

Inā he maʻi diabetes a me ka maʻi epilepsy kou, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i nā lāʻau anti-seizure i kēia manawa i palekana no nā maʻi diabetes a maikaʻi hoʻi no ka mālama ʻana i ka seizure.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā ua lawe hewa au i ka nui o ka ezogabine?

Mai ka wā i loaʻa ʻole ai ka ezogabine, ʻaʻole pono e hana kēia kūlana me nā kauoha hou. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ke komo i nā papa ezogabine kahiko, ʻo kēlā me kēia overdose he pilikia olakino e koi ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka haukapila.

ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka overdose ezogabine e komo pū ana me ka huikau nui, ka nalowale o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, ka pilikia o ka hanu ʻana, a me ka nalowale o ka ʻike. He mea nui ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā ua hala au i kahi mahele o ka ezogabine?

He moʻolelo kēia ʻike mai ka wā i hoʻōki ʻia ai ka ezogabine. Ma mua, ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā maʻi e lawe i kahi mahele i hala i ka wā e hoʻomanaʻo ai lākou, ke ʻole kokoke i ka manawa no ka mahele aʻe.

ʻO ke kānāwai maʻamau ʻaʻole e pāpālua i nā mahele e hoʻopiha ai i kahi i hala. Inā ʻoe e lawe nei i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau seizure, e hahai i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka no nā mahele i hala.

I ka manawa hea e hiki ai i nā maʻi ke hooki i ka lawe ʻana i ka ezogabine?

ʻO nā maʻi e lawe ana i ka ezogabine i ka wā i hoʻihoʻi ʻia ai ua hana pū me kā lākou mau kauka e hoʻololi mālie i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hoʻōki ʻana i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau seizure hiki ke hoʻomaka i nā seizures weliweli.

ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana e pili ana i ka hoʻemi mālie ʻana i ka mahele ezogabine i ka manawa like e hoʻomaka ana i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau pani. Ua lawe pinepine kēia kaʻina hana i kekahi mau pule e hoʻopau palekana.

No ke aha i hoʻihoʻi ʻia ai ka ezogabine mai ka mākeke?

Ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka Ezogabine ma muli o nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi, mau loa i lilo i mea maopopo ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki o ka hoʻohana ʻana. ʻAʻole i hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka ʻili ʻulaʻula-hinahina a me nā loli retinal i ka wā i hooki ai ka poʻe i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau.

Ua alakaʻi kēia mau loli mau, me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea ʻē aʻe palekana, i ka mea hana e hoʻihoʻi manawaleʻa iā ezogabine. Ua lilo wale nā pilikia i mea kiʻekiʻe loa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā pōmaikaʻi i hāʻawi ʻia e ka lāʻau lapaʻau.