He aha ʻo Heparin: Nā hoʻohana, ka nui o ka lāʻau, nā hopena ʻaoʻao a me nā mea hou aku

ʻO Heparin he lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻoheheʻe koko ikaika e pale ai i nā koko koko weliweli mai ka hana ʻana i loko o kou kino. Hana koke kēia lāʻau lapaʻau injectable e pale i kou koko mai ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka maʻalahi, hiki ke hoʻopakele i ke ola i nā kūlana lapaʻau he nui.

Hoʻohana nā mea mālama ola i ka heparin ke pono kou kino i ka pale koke ʻana i nā clots e hiki ke ālai i ke kahe koko i nā ʻōkana koʻikoʻi e like me kou puʻuwai, nā māmā, a i ʻole ka lolo. ʻO ia kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hilinaʻi nui ʻia ma nā halemai a me nā keʻena lapaʻau ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

He aha ʻo Heparin?

ʻO Heparin kahi lāʻau anticoagulant e pale ai i kou koko mai ka hana ʻana i nā clots. E noʻonoʻo iā ia he pale pale e mālama ana i kou koko e kahe mālie ana ma waena o kou mau moku ke hiki ke lilo ka clotting i mea weliweli.

Hele mai kēia lāʻau lapaʻau mai nā kumu kūlohelohe a ua hoʻohana ʻia me ka palekana no nā makahiki he nui. ʻAʻole like me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe koko hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe ma ka waha, hana koke ka heparin ke hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kou kino. Hiki i kāu hui mālama ola ke kāohi i kāna mau hopena me ka pololei, e lilo ia i mea kūpono no nā kūlana e pono ai ka hana wikiwiki.

Hele mai ʻo Heparin i nā ikaika a me nā formulations like ʻole. E koho kāu kauka i ke ʻano kūpono e pili ana i kāu mau pono olakino kikoʻī a me ka pili ʻana o lākou i ka pono e nānā i kāu mau pae clotting koko.

No ke aha e hoʻohana ʻia ai ʻo Heparin?

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻo Heparin a pale i nā koko koko e hiki ke hōʻino i kou olakino. Hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi iā ia inā pilikia ʻoe i nā clots weliweli a i ʻole inā loaʻa iā lākou.

Eia nā kumu nui e hoʻohana ai nā mea mālama ola i ka heparin, a ʻo ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau mea hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e manaʻoʻiʻo i kāu lapaʻau:

• Ka pale ʻana i nā ʻōpū koko i ka wā o ke ʻoki a i ʻole nā wā lōʻihi o ka hoʻomaha moe
• Ka mālama ʻana i ka thrombosis vein hohonu (nā ʻōpū koko i nā veins wāwae)
• Ka mālama ʻana i ka pulmonary embolism (nā ʻōpū koko i nā arteries māmā)
• Ka pale ʻana i nā ʻōpū i ka wā o nā kaʻina hana puʻuwai e like me ka angioplasty
• Ka pale ʻana i nā ʻōpū i ka poʻe me kekahi mau pilikia o ka puʻuwai
• Ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻōpū koko i ka wā o ka dialysis kīkī
• Ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻōpū koko e hana ana i nā valves puʻuwai artificial

Pono kēlā me kēia o kēia mau kūlana i ka mālama olakino pono, a hāʻawi ʻo heparin i ka pale koke e pono ai kou kino. E nānā pono kāu hui mālama ola iā ʻoe e hōʻoia i ka hana pono ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kou kūlana kikoʻī.

Pehea e hana ai ʻo Heparin?

Hana ʻo Heparin ma ka pale ʻana i nā protein kikoʻī i loko o kou koko e kōkua ana i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻōpū. Hoʻokomo maoli ia i nā kaʻa ma ke kaʻina hana clotting kūlohelohe o kou kino i ka wā e hiki ai i kēlā kaʻina hana ke hōʻeha.

Hoʻopaʻa maʻamau kou koko e hoʻōki i ke kahe ʻana i ka wā e hōʻeha ai ʻoe. Eia naʻe, i kekahi manawa hiki ke hana nā ʻōpū i loko o kou mau kīʻaha koko i ka wā ʻaʻole pono lākou. Kāohi ʻo Heparin i kēia ma ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i kahi protein i kapa ʻia ʻo thrombin, kahi e pāʻani ai i kahi hana nui i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻōpū.

Ua manaʻo ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau he anticoagulant ikaika no ka mea e hana wikiwiki a maikaʻi. I loko o nā minuke o ka injection, hoʻomaka ʻo heparin e pale iā ʻoe mai nā ʻōpū weliweli. Hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia nā hopena, ʻo ia hoʻi hiki i nā kauka ke kūʻē koke i ka lāʻau lapaʻau inā pono.

Pehea wau e lawe ai iā Heparin?

Hāʻawi mau ʻia ʻo Heparin e ka injection, i loko o ka vein (intravenous) a i ʻole ma lalo o ka ʻili (subcutaneous). ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka waha no ka mea e wāwahi kāu ʻōnaehana digestive iā ia ma mua o ka hiki ke hana.

Inā ʻoe i loko o ka haukapila, e hāʻawi maʻamau nā kahu iā ʻoe i ka heparin ma o ka laina IV i loko o kou lima. Hāʻawi kēia i ka hāʻawi mau ʻana a me ka mālama pono ʻana i ka mahele. No nā injections subcutaneous, hele ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ka ʻiʻo momona ma lalo o kou ʻili, maʻamau i kou ʻōpū a i ʻole ka ʻūhā.

E aʻo kāu hui mālama ola iā ʻoe a i ʻole kou ʻohana pehea e hāʻawi ai i nā injections subcutaneous inā pono ʻoe e hoʻomau i ka lapaʻau ma ka home. Pono e hoʻololi ʻia nā wahi injection e pale ai i ka huhū, a e loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī e pili ana i ke ʻano kūpono.

ʻAʻole like me kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻaʻole pono ka heparin iā ʻoe e ʻai ma mua o ka lawe ʻana. Eia naʻe, pono ʻoe e hahai i nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī a kāu hui mālama ola e hāʻawi ai iā ʻoe e pili ana i ka manawa a me ka hoʻomākaukau.

Pehea ka lōʻihi e lawe ai au i ka Heparin?

Aia ka lōʻihi o ka lapaʻau heparin i kou kūlana olakino a me ka maikaʻi o kou pane ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Pono kekahi poʻe i ia no kekahi mau lā wale nō, aʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e pono paha i kekahi mau pule o ka lapaʻau.

No ka pale ʻana i nā clots i ka wā o ke ʻoki ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ka heparin no hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā. Inā e mālama ʻia ana ʻoe no kahi clot koko e kū nei, hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i ka heparin no kekahi mau lā a i mau pule ma mua o ka hoʻololi ʻana iā ʻoe i kahi mea lahilahi koko waha.

E nānā kāu hui mālama ola i kou koko maʻamau me nā hoʻokolohua i kapa ʻia ʻo PTT a i ʻole nā pae anti-Xa. Kōkua kēia mau hoʻokolohua iā lākou e hoʻoholo i ka mahele kūpono a me ka lōʻihi no kāu mau pono kikoʻī. Mai hooki i ka lawe ʻana i ka heparin me ka ʻole e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka, no ka mea, hiki i kēia ke hoʻokau iā ʻoe i ka pilikia o nā clots weliweli.

He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka Heparin?

E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a pau, hiki i ka heparin ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao, ʻoiai e ʻae ka hapa nui o nā kānaka iā ia. ʻO ka hopohopo maʻamau ka kahe koko, no ka mea, ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻemi i ka hiki ʻana o kou koko ke clot.

Eia nā hopena ʻaoʻao āu e ʻike ai, a ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i ka mea e nānā ai hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e noho palekana i ka wā o ka lapaʻau:

• Ke kahe ʻana mai nā ʻoki e lōʻihi ana ke kū
• He maʻalahi ke ʻeha a i ʻole nā ʻeha i wehewehe ʻole ʻia
• ʻEha, ʻulaʻula, a i ʻole ka huhū ma nā wahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka lāʻau
• Nā kahe ʻana o ka ihu e pinepine ana a i ʻole paʻakikī ke kū
• Ke koko i loko o ka mimi a i ʻole ka ʻōpala
• Ke kahe ʻana mai o nā ʻāʻī i ka wā e palaki ana i nā niho
• Nā wā menstrual kaumaha i nā wahine

He mea maʻamau kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao a ʻaʻole pono e hoʻōki i ka lāʻau. E kōkua kāu hui mālama ola iā ʻoe e kaulike i nā pōmaikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i nā clots weliweli me kēia mau pilikia hiki ke mālama ʻia.

He mea maʻamau ʻole nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi akā pono e mālama koke ʻia. E kelepona koke i kāu mea mālama ola inā ʻoe e ʻike i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, nā hōʻailona o ke kahe ʻana o loko e like me nā ʻōpala ʻeleʻele, a i ʻole nā ʻeha poʻo koʻikoʻi.

Hiki ke loaʻa kahi maʻi maʻamau akā koʻikoʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Hiki kēia ke pane kou ʻōnaehana pale i ka heparin, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ana i kāu helu platelet i kahi haʻahaʻa weliweli. E nānā kāu kauka i kāu helu koko i nā manawa a pau e nānā ai i kēia.

ʻO wai ka mea ʻaʻole pono e lawe i ka Heparin?

ʻAʻole hiki i kekahi poʻe ke lawe palekana i ka heparin ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o nā pilikia o ke kahe ʻana a i ʻole nā maʻi olakino ʻē aʻe. E nānā pono kāu kauka i kāu moʻolelo olakino ma mua o ke kau ʻana i kēia lāʻau.

ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e lawe i ka heparin inā he kahe ʻana o ke koko ma kekahi wahi o kou kino. Aia kēia i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i kou lolo, ʻōpū, a i ʻole kekahi ʻōkana ʻē aʻe. E hoʻonui ka lāʻau i kēia kahe ʻana a hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.

ʻAʻole hiki i nā poʻe me nā helu platelet haʻahaʻa loa ke lawe palekana i ka heparin. Kōkua nā platelets i kou koko e clot, no laila ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o ka liʻiliʻi o lākou me ka heparin e hana i kahi pilikia kahe koko weliweli.

Eia nā kūlana ʻē aʻe e pale ai iā ʻoe mai ka lawe palekana ʻana i ka heparin:

• ʻO ka ʻoki hou ʻana ma kou lolo, iwi kuamoʻo, a i ʻole nā maka
• Ke koko kiʻekiʻe nui ʻole i mālama ʻia
• Maʻi ʻōpū peptic hana
• Maʻi ate nui
• He maʻi maʻi i ka heparin i hala
• Mōʻaukala o ka heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
• He hahau hou i hana ʻia e ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i loko o ka lolo

E loiloi kāu hui mālama ola i kēia mau pilikia e kūʻē i nā pōmaikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i nā ʻōpū koko weliweli. I kekahi manawa, kiʻekiʻe loa ka pilikia o nā ʻōpū koko i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka heparin me ka mālama pono ʻana ʻo ia nō ke koho maikaʻi loa, ʻoiai me kekahi pilikia o ke kahe ʻana.

Nā inoa inoa o Heparin

Loaʻa ka Heparin ma lalo o nā inoa inoa like ʻole, ʻoiai he nui nā halemai a me nā keʻena lapaʻau e hoʻohana i nā mana generic. ʻO nā inoa inoa maʻamau e komo pū ana me Hep-Lock, HepFlush, a me Monoject Prefill.

Hana nā ʻano heparin a pau ma ke ala like, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi inoa inoa a i ʻole ka mana generic. ʻO ka mea nui ka loaʻa ʻana o ke ana kūpono a me ke ʻano no kāu mau pono olakino kikoʻī, ʻaʻole ka inoa inoa.

E koho kāu hui mālama ola i ka hoʻomākaukau kūpono loa e pili ana i nā mea e like me ka nānā ʻana, ka ʻeke, a me ke ʻano o kā lākou hoʻolālā e lawelawe i kāu lāʻau.

Nā koho ʻē aʻe o Heparin

Nui nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e hiki ke pale i nā ʻōpū koko inā ʻaʻole kūpono ka heparin iā ʻoe. Hana ʻokoʻa kēia mau koho ʻē aʻe akā lawelawe i nā hana like i ka pale ʻana iā ʻoe mai nā ʻōpū koko weliweli.

ʻO nā heparins haʻahaʻa molekala e like me enoxaparin (Lovenox) pili pili loa i ka heparin maʻamau akā hana lōʻihi a koi i ka nānā ʻana. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia mau mea inā pono ʻoe i ka lāʻau ma ka home a i ʻole makemake i nā injections liʻiliʻi.

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou i kapa ʻia ʻo direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) e komo pū ana me apixaban (Eliquis), rivaroxaban (Xarelto), a me dabigatran (Pradaxa). Hana ʻokoʻa kēia mau pills ma mua o ka heparin akā hiki ke pale i nā ʻōpū koko no nā kūlana he nui.

E kōkua kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i ka mea e hana maikaʻi loa ai no kou kūlana. Aia ke koho i kou kūlana kikoʻī, nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe āu e lawe nei, a me nā pono o kou ola.

Ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o Heparin ma mua o Warfarin?

He mau mea lahilahi koko maikaʻi ʻo Heparin a me warfarin, akā hana lākou i nā kūlana like ʻole. Hana koke ʻo Heparin ke hoʻokomo ʻia, ʻoiai ʻo warfarin e lawe i kekahi mau lā e hiki ai i ka hopena piha ma hope o kou hoʻomaka ʻana e lawe i nā pila.

No ka pale koke ʻana i nā clots, ʻo heparin ka koho maikaʻi loa. Inā e hana ana ʻoe i ke ʻoki, e ʻike ana i kahi clot ikaika, a i ʻole pono i ka anticoagulation wikiwiki, hāʻawi ʻo heparin i ka hana wikiwiki āu e pono ai.

Hana maikaʻi ʻo Warfarin no ka pale ʻana i ka clot lōʻihi no ka mea hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe ma ke ʻano he pila i kēlā me kēia lā ma ka home. Nui ka poʻe e hoʻomaka me heparin i ka haukapila a laila hoʻololi i warfarin no ka pale mau.

E noʻonoʻo kāu hui mālama ola i nā mea e like me ka wikiwiki o kou pono i ka pale, ka lōʻihi o kou pono i ka lāʻau, a me kou hiki ke loaʻa i nā hoʻokolohua koko maʻamau i ke koho ʻana ma waena o kēia mau lāʻau.

Nā Nīnau i Nīnau Pinepine ʻia e pili ana iā Heparin

He palekana ʻo Heparin no nā wahine hāpai?

ʻAe, palekana ʻo heparin i ka wā hāpai ke ʻole nā mea lahilahi koko ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole like me warfarin, ʻaʻole hele ʻo heparin i ka placenta, no laila ʻaʻole ia e pili i kāu pēpē e ulu nei.

Pono nā wahine hāpai i nā mea lahilahi koko no nā kūlana e like me ka thrombosis vein hohonu a i ʻole kekahi mau maʻi puʻuwai. Hāʻawi ʻo Heparin i ka pale pono ʻoiai e mālama ana i kāu pēpē mai nā hopena o ka lāʻau.

E nānā pono kāu kauka iā ʻoe i ka wā hāpai e hōʻoia e loaʻa ana iā ʻoe ke ana kūpono. Hiki ke loli ka nui o ka heparin āu e pono ai i ka wā e holomua ai kou hāpai ʻana.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā hoʻohana hewa au i ka nui o Heparin?

E kāhea koke aku i kāu mea mālama ola inā manaʻo ʻoe ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka heparin nui loa. ʻOiai he mea hopohopo, hiki ke mālama pono ʻia ka overdose heparin me ka mālama olakino kūpono.

ʻO ka pilikia nui o ka heparin nui loa, ʻo ia ke kahe koko. E nānā i nā hōʻailona e like me ka ʻeha maʻamau ʻole, ke kahe koko ʻaʻole e pau, ke koko i loko o ka mimi a i ʻole ka ʻōpala, a i ʻole nā ʻeha poʻo nui. Pono kēia mau hōʻailona i ka lāʻau lapaʻau koke.

Inā pono, hiki i nā kauka ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻohuli i nā hopena o ka heparin. ʻO ka protamine sulfate kahi antidote hiki ke hoʻopau koke i ka heparin inā loaʻa ke kahe koko nui.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā ua hala au i kahi mahele o Heparin?

Inā ua hala ʻoe i kahi mahele o ka heparin, e kāhea aku i kāu mea mālama ola no ke alakaʻi ʻana ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hopu iā ʻoe iho. He mea nui ka manawa a me ka dosage o ka heparin no kou palekana.

Mai pāpālua i nā mahele a i ʻole e hoʻāʻo e hoʻoponopono i nā injections i hala. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o kāu ʻōnaehana a hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ke kahe koko.

E kōkua kāu hui mālama ola iā ʻoe e ʻike i ke ala maikaʻi loa e hoʻi ai i ke ala me kāu papa hana dosing me ka palekana.

I ka manawa hea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hooki i ka lawe ʻana i ka Heparin?

Mai hooki i ka lawe ʻana i ka heparin me ka ʻole o ke alakaʻi a kāu kauka, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. ʻO ka hooki ʻana i ka pōkole hiki ke hoʻokau iā ʻoe i ka pilikia o nā koko koko weliweli.

E hoʻoholo kāu hui mālama ola i ka manawa e palekana ai ke hooki ʻana ma muli o kou kūlana, nā hopena hoʻāʻo koko, a me ke olakino holoʻokoʻa. Hoʻololi kekahi poʻe i nā mea lahilahi koko waha, aʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe hiki ke hooki palekana i nā anticoagulation āpau.

Aia ka hoʻoholo e hooki i ke kumu i pono ai ʻoe i ka heparin i ka wahi mua a inā ua emi ka pilikia o kou koko i lawa e palekana ai.

Hiki iaʻu ke inu i ka waiʻona i ka wā e lawe ana i ka Heparin?

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e pale i ka waiʻona a i ʻole e kaupalena iā ia i ka wā e lawe ana i ka heparin. Hiki i ka waiʻona ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia o ke kahe koko a keakea i ka hana maikaʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

E pili ana ka waiʻona a me ka heparin i ka hiki ʻana o kou koko ke paʻa, no laila, hiki ke pilikia ke hui pū ʻana. Hiki i nā mea liʻiliʻi o ka waiʻona ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia o nā pilikia kahe koko.

E kamaʻilio me kāu mea mālama ola e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana me ka heparin. Hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ke alakaʻi kikoʻī e pili ana i kou kūlana olakino a me ka lōʻihi o kāu mālama ʻana.