He aha ka Hexaminolevulinate: Nā hoʻohana, ka nui, nā hopena ʻaoʻao a me nā mea hou aku

He lāʻau lapaʻau diagnostic kūikawā ka Hexaminolevulinate e kōkua ana i nā kauka e ʻike maopopo i ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū i ka wā o nā kaʻina hana. Hoʻokomo pololei ʻia i loko o kou ʻōpū ma o ka catheter, kahi e hoʻomālamalama ai i nā pūnaewele maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai i ka ʻulaʻula ʻālohilohi ma lalo o ke kukui uliuli i ka wā o ka cystoscopy (he kaʻina hana kahi e nānā ai kahi kamera lahilahi i kou ʻōpū). Hana kēia lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka highlighter no nā pūnaewele maʻamau, e kōkua ana i kāu kauka e ʻike i nā wahi i hiki ke nalo me ke kukui keʻokeʻo maʻamau wale nō.

He aha ka Hexaminolevulinate?

He mea photosensitizing ka Hexaminolevulinate e hōʻiliʻili ana i nā pūnaewele maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai a hoʻomālamalama iā lākou. E noʻonoʻo iā ia he waihoʻoluʻu kūikawā e komo maʻalahi ai nā pūnaewele maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai ma mua o nā pūnaewele olakino. Ke hoʻohana kāu kauka i ke kukui uliuli i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana i ka ʻōpū, e ʻālohilohi nā pūnaewele maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai i ka ʻulaʻula ʻālohilohi, e maʻalahi ai ka ʻike a me ka wehe ʻana.

No kahi papa i kapa ʻia ʻo porphyrin precursors kēia lāʻau lapaʻau. Hana ia ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo protoporphyrin IX i loko o nā pūnaewele, a laila e ʻālohilohi ke ʻike ʻia i nā nalu kikoʻī o ke kukui. ʻAʻole ʻeha loa ke kaʻina hana a ʻaʻole ia e hōʻino i nā ʻiʻo olakino.

No ke aha e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka Hexaminolevulinate?

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka Hexaminolevulinate e ʻike i ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana i kapa ʻia ʻo fluorescence cystoscopy. Hoʻohana kāu kauka i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ke pono lākou e nānā pono i kou ʻōpū no nā pūnaewele maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai, ʻoiai i nā hihia kahi e nalo ai ka hoʻokolokolo maʻamau i nā ʻōpū liʻiliʻi a palahalaha paha.

He mea waiwai nui ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka ʻike ʻana i ka carcinoma in situ (CIS), kahi ʻano o ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū mua e paʻakikī loa ke ʻike ʻia me ke kukui keʻokeʻo maʻamau. Hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi i ka wā o nā kaʻina hana resection transurethral e hōʻoia i ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻiʻo maʻi maʻi a hoʻemi i ka manawa e hoʻi mai ai ka maʻi maʻi.

Ma hope o ka ʻōlelo ʻana, ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi ponoʻī. Akā, he mea hana diagnostic ia e kōkua ai i kāu hui lapaʻau e hana i nā loiloi pololei o kou kūlana a hoʻolālā i ke ala lapaʻau maikaʻi loa.

Pehea e Hana ai ʻo Hexaminolevulinate?

Hana ʻo Hexaminolevulinate ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o nā sela maʻi maʻi i nā ʻano like ʻole mai nā sela olakino. Ke hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kou ʻōpū, e komo nā sela maʻi maʻi i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o ka ʻiʻo ʻōpū maʻamau. ʻO kēia komo ʻana i koho ʻia ka mea e hana ai ke kaʻina hana diagnostic.

I loko o nā sela maʻi maʻi, hoʻololi ʻia ka hexaminolevulinate i protoporphyrin IX ma o ke kaʻina hana cellular maoli. Ke hoʻohana kāu kauka i ka mālamalama uliuli i ka wā o ka cystoscopy, hoʻopuka kēia mau sela i kahi fluorescence ʻulaʻula ʻālohilohi e kū maopopo ana i ka ʻiʻo ʻōpū maʻamau.

Ua manaʻo ʻia he mea hana diagnostic kiʻekiʻe loa ma mua o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ikaika. ʻAʻole ia he hopena systemic i kou kino no ka mea e hana ana ma kahi kūloko i loko o ka ʻōpū a hoʻopau ʻia i ka wikiwiki ma hope o ke kaʻina hana.

Pehea e Lawe ai au i ka Hexaminolevulinate?

ʻAʻole ʻoe e

I loko o kēia wā kali, e noi ʻia ʻoe e hoʻololi i nā kūlana i kēlā me kēia manawa e hōʻoia i ka uhi ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā wahi a pau o kou pā o ka ʻōpū. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kekahi ʻoluʻolu a i ʻole ke kaomi, akā he mea maʻamau kēia a he manawa pōkole. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka hola, e hoʻokahe hou ʻoe i kou ʻōpū ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka fluorescence cystoscopy.

Pehea ka lōʻihi e pono ai au e lawe iā Hexaminolevulinate?

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Hexaminolevulinate ma ke ʻano he hana diagnostic hoʻokahi manawa, ʻaʻole ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻomau nei. Hoʻokahi hoʻokomo ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka hoʻokolokolo fluorescence cystoscopy i kēlā me kēia kau diagnostic.

Eia naʻe, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i nā kaʻina hana hou i nā manawa i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e pili ana i kou kūlana pilikino. No ka laʻana, inā he moʻolelo kou o ka maʻi maʻi ʻōpū, hiki ke hana ʻia nā cystoscopies surveillance me hexaminolevulinate i kēlā me kēia mahina a i ʻole i kēlā me kēia makahiki e nānā i ka hana hou ʻana.

Aia ka pinepine o kēia mau kaʻina hana i kāu pilikia maʻi maʻi, nā ʻike i hala, a me ke kaʻina hana nānā a kāu kauka. I kēlā me kēia manawa e hana ʻia ai ke kaʻina hana, pili ia i kahi hoʻokomo hou o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao o Hexaminolevulinate?

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kānaka e ʻike wale i nā hopena ʻaoʻao mai hexaminolevulinate, a hoʻoponopono maʻamau kēia mau mea i loko o hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka mea e manaʻo ai hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e mākaukau a emi ʻole ka hopohopo e pili ana i ke kaʻina hana.

ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau āu e ʻike ai, ʻo ia:

• Nā spasms ʻōpū a i ʻole ka ʻeha i ka wā a i ʻole ma hope o ke kaʻina hana
• Ke ahi ʻana i ka wā e mimi ai no nā manawa mua
• Hoʻonui i ka makemake e mimi
• ʻO ka ʻoluʻolu pelvic māmā a i ʻole ke kaomi
• He koko liʻiliʻi i loko o ka mimi (ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula māmā)
• Hoʻonāukiuki ʻōpū manawa

He maʻalahi ka maʻamau o kēia mau hopena a hoʻoponopono i ka wā e ola ai kou ʻōpū mai ke kaʻina hana. Hiki i ka inu ʻana i ka wai nui ke kōkua i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i koe a hoʻomāmā i ka ʻoluʻolu.

ʻO nā hopena ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻole ʻia akā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hopena ʻaoʻao:

• ʻEha ʻeha i ka ʻōpū
• Ke koko mau i loko o ka mimi ma mua o 24 mau hola
• He paʻakikī ka mimi ʻana a i ʻole hiki ʻole ke hoʻokahe i ka ʻōpū
• Hiva a i ʻole nā ʻūlū (hiki ke hōʻike i ka maʻi)
• ʻO ka ʻeha nui ʻaʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi me ka manawa

ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao i ʻike ʻole ʻia akā koʻikoʻi e koi ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau koke:

• Nā hopena maʻi koʻikoʻi me ka pilikia o ka hanu ʻana a i ʻole ka pehu
• Ke kahe nui ʻana o ke koko me nā ʻōpala
• ʻAʻole hiki ke mimi
• Nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi koʻikoʻi e like me ke kuni kiʻekiʻe a me ka ʻeha nui
• ʻO ka ʻike ʻole ʻia o ka ʻili i ka mālamalama (photosensitivity)

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona e pili ana, mai kānalua e hoʻokaʻaʻike i kāu mea mālama ola. Hiki iā lākou ke alakaʻi iā ʻoe inā pono ka mālama koke ʻana a i ʻole inā aia kāu mau hōʻailona i loko o ka laulā i manaʻo ʻia.

ʻO wai ka mea pono ʻole e lawe iā Hexaminolevulinate?

ʻAʻole kūpono ʻo Hexaminolevulinate no nā mea a pau, a e nānā pono kāu kauka i kāu mōʻaukala olakino ma mua o ka ʻōlelo ʻana i kēia kaʻina hana. ʻO kekahi mau kūlana a me nā kūlana e hana i kēia mea hana diagnostic kūpono ʻole a i ʻole pilikia paha.

ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e loaʻa iā hexaminolevulinate inā loaʻa iā ʻoe:

• ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi i ka hexaminolevulinate a i ʻole kekahi o kāna mau mea
• ʻO ka maʻi maʻi urinary tract a i ʻole ka mumū o ka ʻōpū
• ʻO ka trauma ʻōpū nui a i ʻole ka ʻoki ʻana o ka ʻōpū i kēia manawa
• Hāpai a i ʻole ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū (ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia ka palekana)
• Porphyria (he maʻi koko laha ʻole e pili ana i ka metabolism porphyrin)
• ʻO ka maʻi kīkī koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka lāʻau

E hoʻohana pū kāu kauka i ka akahele inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau kūlana e hiki ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia o nā pilikia. ʻO kēia mau mea he mōʻaukala o nā hopena ʻōpū koʻikoʻi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ka ʻōnaehana pale i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a i ʻole nā pilikia ʻōpū e hiki ke hoʻoluhi i ke kaʻina hana.

Ma hope o kēlā, ʻaʻole pinepine ka makahiki wale nō he mea keakea i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hexaminolevulinate. Nui nā mākua kahiko e hele i kēia kaʻina hana me ka palekana ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o kā lākou mākaʻikaʻi ʻana a i ʻole ka hōʻailona ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi ʻōpū.

Nā inoa inoa inoa Hexaminolevulinate

Loaʻa pinepine ʻia ka Hexaminolevulinate ma lalo o ka inoa inoa Cysview ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. ʻO kēia ka hoʻohuihui i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka ʻōpū a me nā kaʻina hana cystoscopy fluorescence.

Ma nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me ia ma lalo o nā inoa inoa like ʻole, akā like ka lāʻau lapaʻau. E hoʻohana kāu mea mālama ola i nā hoʻohuihui i loaʻa a ʻae ʻia ma kou wahi.

Hele mau ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he pauka i hui pū ʻia me kahi hopena kūikawā ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana. Hōʻoia kēia i ka mana kiʻekiʻe a me ka pono i ka wā o kāu kaʻina hana.

Nā koho ʻē aʻe o Hexaminolevulinate

ʻOiai hāʻawi ka hexaminolevulinate i nā pono kūikawā no ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi ʻōpū, aia nā ala ʻē aʻe e noʻonoʻo ai kāu kauka ma muli o kāu kūlana kikoʻī. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau koho ʻē aʻe hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e loaʻa nā kūkākūkā i ʻike ʻia e pili ana i kāu mālama.

Noho mau ka cystoscopy kukui keʻokeʻo kuʻuna i ke ala maʻamau no nā hoʻokolokolo ʻōpū he nui. ʻOiai ʻaʻole ia e hāʻawi i ka ʻike i hoʻonui ʻia o ka hexaminolevulinate, loaʻa ākea a maikaʻi hoʻi no ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā maʻi ʻōpū.

ʻO ka narrow band imaging (NBI) kekahi ʻenehana optical e hoʻohana ana i nā nalu māmā kikoʻī e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻokoʻa ʻana o ka ʻiʻo. Manaʻo kekahi mau haʻawina hiki ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi ʻōpū, ʻoiai ua hana ʻokoʻa ia mai ka cystoscopy fluorescence.

No kekahi mau maʻi, hiki i nā ʻenehana kiʻi kiʻekiʻe e like me CT urography a i ʻole MRI ke hāʻawi i ka ʻike waiwai e pili ana i ke olakino ʻōpū. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i kēia mau ʻano ke pani i ka hoʻokolokolo kikoʻī e hāʻawi ai ka cystoscopy.

E ʻōlelo aku kāu kauka i ke ala diagnostic kūpono loa e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​ka mōʻaukala olakino, a me ka ʻike kikoʻī e pono ai lākou e alakaʻi i kāu mālama.

Ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o Hexaminolevulinate ma mua o Cystoscopy maʻamau?

Hāʻawi ʻo Hexaminolevulinate-enhanced cystoscopy i nā mea maikaʻi nui ma luna o ka cystoscopy kukui keʻokeʻo maʻamau i kekahi mau kūlana. Hiki i ka ʻike i hoʻonui ʻia ke ʻike i ka 20-25% ʻoi aku ka nui o nā maʻi maʻi ma mua o ka hoʻokolokolo maʻamau wale nō.

He mea waiwai nui kēia helu ʻike i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia no nā lesions palahalaha, paʻakikī ke ʻike e like me ka carcinoma in situ. Hiki ke hala maʻalahi kēia mau ʻano maʻi maʻi me ke kukui keʻokeʻo wale nō akā hōʻike maopopo me ke alakaʻi fluorescence. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka wehe ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi a me nā hopena maikaʻi loa i ka wā lōʻihi.

Eia naʻe, hele mai ke kaʻina hana i hoʻonui ʻia me kekahi mau mea kūʻai. He lōʻihi ka manawa e hoʻopau ai, pono nā lako kūikawā, a pili i ka hana hou o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka lāʻau. Hiki i kekahi poʻe maʻi ke ʻike i ka ʻoluʻolu hou aʻe i ka cystoscopy maʻamau.

E kaupaona kāu kauka i kēia mau mea i nā pōmaikaʻi hiki ke loaʻa i kāu hihia kikoʻī. No nā maʻi pilikia kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā ​​mea i loaʻa i ka mōʻaukala o ka maʻi maʻi ʻōpū, ʻo ka hiki ke ʻike i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia e hana pinepine i ka hexaminolevulinate i ke koho makemake.

Nā nīnau i nīnau pinepine ʻia e pili ana iā Hexaminolevulinate

He palekana ʻo Hexaminolevulinate no ka poʻe me ka maʻi kīkī?

Hiki ke hoʻohana akahele ʻia ʻo Hexaminolevulinate i ka poʻe me ka maʻi kīkī māmā a me ka maʻi, akā pono kāu kauka e loiloi pono i kāu kūlana kikoʻī. No ka mea e hoʻopau ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma nā kīkī, hiki i ka hana kīkī i hoʻopilikia ʻia ke hoʻopilikia i ke ʻano o kou kino e hana ai.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi kīkī koʻikoʻi, hiki i kāu kauka ke noʻonoʻo i nā ala diagnostic ʻē aʻe a i ʻole e hoʻololi i ke kaʻina hana. ʻO ke kī, ʻo ia ka hōʻoia ʻana e hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ʻia kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau i koe mai kāu ʻōnaehana ma hope o ke kaʻina hana.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā loaʻa iaʻu ka nui o ka Hexaminolevulinate?

ʻAʻole hiki ke loaʻa ka nui o ka hexaminolevulinate no ka mea ua hoʻomākaukau pono ʻia ka lāʻau a hāʻawi ʻia e nā poʻe loea mālama ola i nā mea i mālama ʻia. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana a ana pololei ʻia no kēlā me kēia kaʻina hana.

Inā hopohopo ʻoe no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nui o ka lāʻau, mai hopohopo. E hahai ana ka hui mālama ola i nā protocols paʻa e hōʻoia i ka hoʻohana pololei ʻana. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi ma hope o ke kaʻina hana, e kelepona koke i kāu mea mālama ola no ke alakaʻi a me ka nānā ʻana.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā hala iaʻu kahi kaʻina hana Hexaminolevulinate i hoʻonohonoho ʻia?

Inā pono ʻoe e hala a hoʻonohonoho hou i kāu kaʻina hana hexaminolevulinate, e kelepona i kāu mea mālama ola i ka wā hiki loa e hoʻonohonoho i kahi manawa hou. ʻAʻole like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kēlā me kēia lā, he kaʻina hana diagnostic i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e hiki ke hoʻonohonoho hou ʻia me ka ʻole o nā hopena olakino koke.

Eia naʻe, inā he ʻāpana ke kaʻina hana o kāu mākaʻikaʻi maʻi maʻi a i ʻole ka hana diagnostic, he mea nui ʻaʻole e hoʻopaneʻe me ka pono ʻole. Hiki i kāu kauka ke aʻo iā ʻoe i ka manawa kūpono a me nā hopena o ka hoʻopaneʻe ʻana i ka hoʻokolokolo.

I ka manawa hea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hooki i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kaʻina hana Hexaminolevulinate?

ʻO ka hoʻoholo e hooki i nā kaʻina hana mākaʻikaʻi me ka hexaminolevulinate e pili ana i kāu mau mea pilikia pilikino a me ka mōʻaukala olakino. Inā he moʻolelo kou o ka maʻi maʻi ʻōpū, e ʻōlelo maʻamau kāu kauka i ka mākaʻikaʻi mau no kekahi mau makahiki, me ka emi ʻana o ke alapine inā ʻaʻole i hoʻi hou ka maʻi maʻi.

No nā maʻi i noho ʻole i ka maʻi maʻi no ka manawa lōʻihi, hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻololi i ka nānā ʻana i ka liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano mākaʻikaʻi ʻē aʻe. Hana mau ʻia kēia hoʻoholo ma ke kumu o kāu ʻikepili pilikia a me ke kūlana olakino o kēia manawa.

Hiki iaʻu ke kalaiwa ma hope o ke kaʻina hana Hexaminolevulinate?

Hiki i ka hapa nui o nā kānaka ke hoʻokele iā lākou iho i ka home ma hope o ke kaʻina hana hexaminolevulinate, no ka mea, ʻaʻole maʻamau ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hiamoe a i ʻole e hoʻopilikia i kou hiki ke hoʻokele i kahi kaʻa. Eia naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kekahi ʻoluʻolu ʻole o ka ʻōpū a i ʻole ka wikiwiki e hiki ke hoʻoluhi i ka hoʻokele.

Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi lāʻau hōʻoluʻolu a i ʻole ka lāʻau ʻeha i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana, pono ʻoe e hoʻonohonoho i kekahi e hoʻokele iā ʻoe i ka home. Ke kānalua, ʻoi aku ka palekana o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hoaaloha a i ʻole lālā o ka ʻohana e hiki ke hoʻokele iā ʻoe, ʻoiai inā ʻo kēia kāu manawa mua e loaʻa ai ke kaʻina hana.