He aha ka Insulin (Pākuʻi Parenteral): Nā Hoʻohana, Ka Leki, Nā ʻAoʻao ʻino a me nā mea hou aku

ʻO ka insulin i hāʻawi ʻia ma ke ala parenteral, ʻo ia hoʻi ka insulin i hāʻawi pololei ʻia i loko o kou kino ma o ka pākī, ma lalo o kou ʻili a i ʻole i loko o ke aʻa. Hoʻopaʻa kēia ʻano hana i ka insulin e hiki koke i kou kahe koko a me ka pono, me ka hele ʻole ʻana i kāu ʻōnaehana digestive.

Inā pono ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi āu e mālama ai i ka lāʻau insulin, ʻo ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka hana ʻana o ka insulin parenteral hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e manaʻoʻiʻo i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau nui. Ua kōkua kēia ʻano hana i ka poʻe e mālama i ka maʻi diabetes no kahi kokoke i hoʻokahi kenekulia.

He aha ka Insulin (Pākuʻi Parenteral)?

ʻO ka insulin parenteral he lāʻau insulin i hāʻawi ʻia ma o ka pākī ma mua o ka waha. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo

Ma waho aʻe o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes, kōkua ka insulin parenteral i ka mālama ʻana i ka ketoacidosis diabetic, kahi pilikia koʻikoʻi kahi e hana ai kou kino i nā waikawa weliweli i kapa ʻia ʻo ketones. Pono nā kūlana pilikia i kekahi manawa i ka hāʻawi wikiwiki ʻana i ka insulin ma nā ala intravenous.

Pono paha nā wahine hāpai me ka maʻi diabetes gestational i ka insulin parenteral e pale aku i ka makuahine a me ka pēpē. Mālama kēia i nā pae kōpaʻa koko i loko o nā palena palekana i ka wā hāpai.

Pehea e Hana ai ka Insulin (Parenteral Route)?

Hana ka insulin parenteral ma ka hoʻohālike ʻana i ka hana insulin maoli o kou kino. Ke hoʻokomo ʻia, kōkua ka insulin i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka glucose mai kou kahe koko i loko o kāu mau cell, kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai no ka ikehu.

E noʻonoʻo i ka insulin ma ke ʻano he kī e wehe ai i nā puka o kāu mau cell, e ʻae ana i ka glucose e komo a hānai i kou kino. Me ka lawa ʻole o ka insulin, kūkulu ka glucose i loko o kou koko, e alakaʻi ana i nā pae kōpaʻa koko kiʻekiʻe weliweli.

Aia ka ikaika a me ka wikiwiki o ka hana insulin ma ke ʻano kikoʻī i kuhikuhi ʻia. Hana nā insulins wikiwiki i loko o 15 mau minuke, ʻoiai hāʻawi nā formulations lōʻihi i ka uhi paʻa no 24 mau hola.

Hana mālie ka absorption insulin subcutaneous ma nā moku koko liʻiliʻi ma lalo o kou ʻili. Hoʻokumu kēia i kahi hoʻokuʻu i hoʻomalu ʻia i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hāʻawi intravenous, e hana koke ana akā pono i ka mālama olakino.

Pehea wau e lawe ai i ka Insulin (Parenteral Route)?

ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka insulin parenteral i ke ala kūpono e hōʻoia ai e hana pono a palekana ka lāʻau lapaʻau. E aʻo kāu mea mālama ola iā ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka injection kūpono a kōkua iā ʻoe e koho i nā wahi injection maikaʻi loa.

Hoʻokomo ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i ka insulin i nā wahi ʻiʻo momona e like me kou ʻōpū, nā ʻūhā, a i ʻole nā lima luna. E hoʻololi mau i nā wahi injection e pale ai i nā pilikia o ka ʻili a hōʻoia i ka absorption mau.

Eia nā ʻanuʻu nui no ka injection insulin palekana:

• E holoi pono i kou mau lima me ke kopa a me ka wai
• E nānā i kāu insulin no nā puʻupuʻu, nā kristal, a i ʻole ke ʻano ʻokoʻa
• E hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kahi e hoʻokomo ai me ka swab waiʻona inā ʻōlelo ʻia
• E hoʻokomo i ka nila ma ke kihi 90-degere no ka hapa nui o nā kānaka
• E hoʻokomo mālie a paʻa i ka insulin
• E paʻa i ka nila no 10 kekona ma mua o ka wehe ʻana
• E hoʻolei palekana i nā nila i loko o kahi pahu ʻoi

Kōkua kēia mau ʻanuʻu i ka hōʻoia ʻana e hāʻawi ana kēlā me kēia injection i ka nui kūpono o ka insulin me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻole. Hiki i kāu kumu aʻoaʻo maʻi diabetes ke hāʻawi i ke aʻo ʻana i ka lima a hiki i kou manaʻo hilinaʻi.

He mea nui ka manawa me nā injections insulin. Pono e lawe ʻia ka insulin hana wikiwiki ma mua o nā meaʻai, ʻoiai e hāʻawi pinepine ʻia ka insulin hana lōʻihi i ka wā e moe ai a i ʻole i ka manawa like i kēlā me kēia lā.

E mālama i ka insulin i wehe ʻole ʻia i loko o kāu pahu hau, akā e ʻae iā ia e hiki i ka mahana lumi ma mua o ka hoʻokomo ʻana. Hiki i ka insulin anu ke hoʻoulu i ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻole a ʻaʻole paha e komo e like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia.

Pehea ka lōʻihi e lawe ai au i ka Insulin (Parenteral Route)?

Aia ka lōʻihi o ka lāʻau insulin i kou kūlana a me nā pono. Pono ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes type 1 i ka lāʻau insulin i ke ola a pau no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki i ko lākou pancreas ke hana i ka insulin.

No ka maʻi diabetes type 2, ʻokoʻa ka lōʻihi o ka lāʻau insulin. Pono kekahi poʻe i ka insulin no ka manawa pōkole i ka wā maʻi a i ʻole ke kaumaha, ʻoiai e pono ana kekahi i ka wā lōʻihi i ka wā e holomua ai ko lākou kūlana.

E loiloi mau kāu kauka i kāu mana kōpaʻa koko, ke olakino holoʻokoʻa, a me ka pane ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoponopono i kāu regimen insulin a i ʻole e ʻimi i nā koho lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e pili ana i kēia mau loiloi.

Mai hooki i ka lawe ʻana i ka insulin me ka ʻole e kūkākūkā mua me kāu mea mālama ola. Hiki i ka hoʻōki koke ʻana ke alakaʻi i nā spikes kōpaʻa koko weliweli a me nā pilikia koʻikoʻi e like me ka diabetic ketoacidosis.

He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka Insulin (Parenteral Route)?

Ua ʻae maikaʻi ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i ka insulin parenteral, akā e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a pau, hiki iā ia ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau hopena hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike i ka wā e ʻimi ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau ka maʻamau a hiki ke mālama ʻia me ka ʻenehana kūpono a me ka nānā ʻana. Eia naʻe, pono kekahi mau hopena i ka lāʻau lapaʻau koke.

ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau āu e ʻike ai, ʻo ia:

• ʻUlaʻula, pehu, a i ʻole ka ʻūlū ʻana ma nā wahi injection
• ʻEha manawa a i ʻole ka ʻeha ʻana i ka wā o ka injection
• Nā puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi ma lalo o ka ʻili (lipodystrophy)
• Loaʻa ke kaumaha liʻiliʻi i ka wā e hoʻohana ai kou kino i ka glucose me ka maikaʻi
• ʻO ka ʻehaʻeha i kekahi manawa ma nā wahi injection

Hoʻomaikaʻi pinepine kēia mau hopena i ka wā e hoʻoponopono ai kou kino i ka lāʻau insulin a lilo kāu ʻenehana injection i mea maikaʻi.

ʻO ka Hypoglycemia (ke kō koko haʻahaʻa) ka hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau loa. ʻO nā hōʻailona e pili ana i ka haʻalulu, ka hou, ka huikau, ka puʻuwai wikiwiki, a me ka pōloli.

Hiki i ka hypoglycemia koʻikoʻi ke hana i ka ʻike ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​hopu a pono i ka lāʻau lapaʻau koke. E lawe mau i nā papa glucose wikiwiki a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻai i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka insulin.

ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao kakaʻikahi akā koʻikoʻi e pono ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau koke, ʻo ia:

• Nā hopena maʻi maʻi koʻikoʻi me ka pilikia o ka hanu ʻana a i ʻole ka pehu ʻana
• Nā hopena ʻili mau ʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi
• ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha wikiwiki a i ʻole ka pehu ʻana
• Nā loli ʻike a i ʻole nā ​​poʻo koʻikoʻi
• Nā hanana kō koko haʻahaʻa koʻikoʻi

ʻAʻole maʻamau kēia mau hopena koʻikoʻi akā pono i ka loiloi lāʻau lapaʻau wikiwiki e hōʻoia i kou palekana a me ka pono o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻO wai ka mea pono ʻole e lawe i ka Insulin (Parenteral Route)?

He kakaikahi loa ka poʻe hiki ʻole ke lawe i ka insulin parenteral, no ka mea, he lāʻau lapaʻau ola ia no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes. Eia naʻe, pono kekahi mau kūlana i ka mālama kūikawā a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano i hoʻololi ʻia.

Pono nā kānaka me nā maʻi maʻi koʻikoʻi i nā ʻano insulin kūikawā e pale i kēlā mau huahana. Hiki i kāu kauka ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻano insulin ʻē aʻe e hana palekana ai iā ʻoe.

Pili nā manaʻo kūikawā i kekahi mau pūʻulu, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i kūʻē loa ka insulin:

• Pono paha nā kānaka me ka maʻi kīkī koʻikoʻi i nā hoʻoponopono dosage
• Pono ka poʻe me ka hypoglycemia koʻikoʻi pinepine i ka nānā pono ʻana
• Nā kānaka me kekahi mau maʻi olakino noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau
• Pono ka poʻe me nā pilikia ʻike koʻikoʻi ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokomo iā lākou iho
• Pono paha ka poʻe me nā maʻi maʻi a i ʻole nā maʻi koʻikoʻi i nā hoʻololi manawa

ʻAʻole pale kēia mau kūlana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka insulin akā pono i ka mālama olakino kūikawā a me nā ʻano hana lapaʻau i hoʻololi ʻia.

ʻO ka hāpai ʻana, ʻoiaʻiʻo, e palekana ai ka lāʻau insulin ma mua o nā lāʻau lapaʻau diabetes ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana ka hapa nui o nā wahine hāpai me ka maʻi diabetes i ka insulin no ka mea ʻaʻole ia e hele nui i ka placenta.

E loiloi pono kāu hui mālama ola i kou mau kūlana pilikino e hoʻoholo ai i ke ala insulin palekana a maikaʻi loa no kāu mau pono.

Nā inoa inoa o ka Insulin (Parenteral Route)

Loaʻa nā inoa inoa insulin he nui, kēlā me kēia me nā ʻano a me nā formulations. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau koho e kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau i kauoha ʻia a kūkākūkā i nā koho ʻē aʻe me kāu kauka.

ʻO nā inoa inoa insulin wikiwiki e komo pū me Humalog (lispro), NovoLog (aspart), a me Apidra (glulisine). Hana kēia mau mea i loko o 15 mau minuke a lawe ʻia ma mua o ka ʻai.

ʻO nā koho insulin lōʻihi e komo pū me Lantus (glargine), Levemir (detemir), a me Tresiba (degludec). Hāʻawi kēia mau mea i ka uhi insulin paʻa no 12 a 42 mau hola.

Hāʻawi nā hōʻailona insulin kanaka maʻamau e like me Humulin R a me Novolin R i nā koho waena e hana ana i loko o 30 mau minuke. Hāʻawi nā insulins NPH e like me Humulin N i ka uhi lōʻihi me nā hopena kiʻekiʻe.

Hoʻohui nā insulins hui i nā formulations wikiwiki a lōʻihi i hoʻokahi injection. ʻO nā laʻana e pili ana i nā huahana Humalog Mix a me NovoLog Mix.

Nā Koho ʻē aʻe o ka Insulin (Parenteral Route)

ʻOiai he mea nui ka insulin no ka maʻi diabetes type 1, aia kekahi mau koho ʻē aʻe no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes type 2. Hana ʻokoʻa kēia mau koho akā hiki ke hoʻomalu pono i ke kō koko i nā kūlana kūpono.

Kōkua nā lāʻau lapaʻau waha e like me metformin, sulfonylureas, a me nā mea hoʻopaʻa SGLT2 i kou kino e hoʻohana pono i kāna insulin ponoʻī. Hana maikaʻi kēia mau mea no ka poʻe e hana ana ka pancreas i kekahi insulin.

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau non-insulin injectable e pili ana i nā agonists GLP-1 receptor e like me Ozempic, Trulicity, a me Victoza. Hoʻoulu kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka insulin ke kiʻekiʻe ke kō koko i ka wā e lohi ai ka ʻai.

Noho mau nā hoʻololi ʻana i ke ola i nā koho ʻē aʻe e hana pū ana me kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau. Hoʻomaikaʻi nui ka hoʻoikaika kino maʻamau, ka ʻai olakino, a me ka mālama ʻana i ke kaumaha i ka mālama ʻana i ke kō koko.

Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku e hui pū i kēia mau ala ma mua o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka insulin holoʻokoʻa. Aia ka hoʻolālā lapaʻau maikaʻi loa i kāu ʻano maʻi diabetes, ka holomua, a me ke kūlana olakino holoʻokoʻa.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka Insulin (Parenteral Route) ma mua o Metformin?

Hana ʻokoʻa ka insulin a me ka metformin a ʻaʻole lākou he lāʻau lapaʻau hiki ke hoʻohālikelike pololei. Aia ke koho

Hoʻololi pololei ka insulin a i ʻole e hoʻopili i ka hana insulin maoli o kou kino. Pono ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes type 1 e hoʻohana i ka insulin no ka mea ʻaʻole hana iki a ʻaʻole paha kā lākou pancreas.

No ka maʻi diabetes type 2, nui ka poʻe e hoʻomaka me ka metformin a hoʻohui i ka insulin ma hope inā pono. ʻO kēia hui pū ʻana e hana pinepine maikaʻi ma mua o kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau wale nō, e hāʻawi ana i nā pōmaikaʻi hoʻohui.

Ke noʻonoʻo nei kāu mea mālama ola i nā mea he nui i ke koho ʻana ma waena a i ʻole ka hui ʻana i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau, me kāu pae kō koko, ka hana ʻōpū, ke kaumaha, a me nā pahuhopu lapaʻau.

Nā Nīnau i Nīnau pinepine ʻia e pili ana i ka Insulin (Parenteral Route)

He palekana anei ka Insulin (Parenteral Route) no ka maʻi ʻōpū?

ʻAe, palekana ka insulin no ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻōpū a lilo pinepine i ka lāʻau lapaʻau diabetes i makemake ʻia i ka wā e emi ai ka hana ʻōpū. ʻAʻole like me kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau diabetes waha, ʻaʻole pono ka insulin i ka hana ʻōpū no ka hoʻopau ʻana.

Eia naʻe, hiki i ka maʻi ʻōpū ke hoʻopilikia i ke ʻano o kou kino e mālama ai i ka insulin, e koi ana i nā hoʻoponopono dosage. E nānā kāu kauka i kāu hana ʻōpū a hoʻololi i kāu regimen insulin.

Pono paha ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻōpū holomua i nā mea liʻiliʻi o ka insulin no ka mea e hoʻomaʻemaʻe mālie ko lākou ʻōpū i ka insulin. Ke kōkua nei ka nānā mau ʻana i ka pale ʻana i nā hanana haʻahaʻa koko.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā hoʻohana hewa au i ka nui o ka insulin?

Inā ua hoʻokomo ʻoe i ka nui o ka insulin, e nānā pono i kou kō koko a e mākaukau e mālama i ka hypoglycemia. Mai hopohopo – hiki ke mālama ʻia kēia kūlana me ka pane kūpono.

E nānā i kou kō koko i kēia manawa a i kēlā me kēia 15-30 mau minuke no nā hola e hiki mai ana. Inā hāʻule kou kō koko ma lalo o 70 mg/dL, e mālama me 15 grams o ka glucose wikiwiki.

E hoʻokaʻaʻike i kāu mea mālama ola a i ʻole nā lawelawe pilikia inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona hypoglycemia koʻikoʻi e like me ka huikau, hiki ʻole ke ale, a i ʻole ka nalowale o ka ʻike. Manaʻo ʻia ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi pahu pilikia glucagon.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā ua hala wau i kahi mahele o ka insulin?

Pono ka pane ʻokoʻa i ka hala ʻana i kahi mahele insulin ma muli o ke ʻano o ka insulin āu i hala ai. Mai pāpālua i kāu mahele aʻe – hiki i kēia ke hana i nā loli kōpaʻa koko weliweli.

No ka insulin wikiwiki i hala, e nānā i kāu kōpaʻa koko a lawe i ka mahele inā kokoke ʻoe e ʻai. Inā ua hala ma mua o 2 mau hola mai kāu ʻai ʻana, e lele i ka mahele a hoʻomau i kāu papa manawa maʻamau.

No ka insulin lōʻihi i hala, e lawe koke i ka wā e hoʻomanaʻo ai ʻoe inā i loko o 2-3 mau hola o kou manawa maʻamau. Inā ua hala ka manawa hou, e hoʻokaʻaʻike i kāu mea mālama ola no ke alakaʻi.

I ka manawa hea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hooki i ka lawe ʻana i ka insulin?

ʻAʻole hiki i ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes type 1 ke hooki i ka lawe ʻana i ka insulin, no ka mea, he mea nui ia no ke ola. Eia naʻe, hiki i kekahi poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes type 2 ke hōʻemi a i ʻole ke hooki i ka insulin ma lalo o ka mālama olakino.

Hiki i nā loli ola nui, ka pohō kaumaha, a i ʻole ka hana pancreatic i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ke ʻae i kekahi poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes type 2 e mālama i ko lākou maʻi me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.

Mai hooki i ka lāʻau insulin me ka ʻole e kūkākūkā mua i kāu mea mālama ola. E loiloi lākou i kāu kaohi kōpaʻa koko, ke olakino holoʻokoʻa, a me ka holomua o ka maʻi diabetes ma mua o ka hana ʻana i nā loli.

Hiki iaʻu ke hele me nā injections insulin?

ʻAe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hele palekana me nā injections insulin ma ka hoʻolālā ʻana i mua a me ka hahai ʻana i nā alakaʻi mālama kūpono. E lawe mau i ka insulin i loko o kāu ʻeke lawe e pale ai i nā wela nui.

E lawe mai i kahi leka mai kāu kauka e wehewehe ana i kāu pono olakino no ka insulin a me nā lako. E hoʻopili i ka insulin hou a me nā lako inā loaʻa nā lohi huakaʻi a i ʻole nā ukana i nalowale.

E noʻonoʻo i nā loli o ka manawa i ka wā e hele ai i nā mamao lōʻihi, a e hana me kāu mea mālama ola e hoʻoponopono i kāu papa manawa injection e like me ka mea e pono ai no nā wahi manawa like ʻole.