Hoʻonui hao (alawa waha, ala parenteral)
Nā mea hōʻailona e loaʻa ana
Accrufer, Auryxia, Pipi, Ka hao a me ka waina, Bifera, Elite Iron, Femiron, Feosol, Fergon, Ferrex 150, Hemocyte, FeraMAX 150, Fer-In-Sol, Palafer, Pms-Ferrous Sulfate
E pili ana i kēia lāʻau
He mea kanu ka hao e pono ai ke kino no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana koko ʻulaʻula. I ka wā ʻaʻole lawa ka hao i loaʻa i ke kino, ʻaʻole hiki ke hana i ka nui o nā ʻāpana koko ʻulaʻula maʻamau e pono ai no ka mālama ʻana i kou olakino maikaʻi. Ke kapa ʻia nei kēia kūlana he nele hao (hāʻule hao) a i ʻole he anemia nele hao. ʻOiai ua lawa ka hao i loaʻa i nā kānaka he nui ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa mai kā lākou ʻai, pono kekahi poʻe e lawe i nā nui hou aku e hoʻokō i kā lākou pono. No ka laʻana, nalowale kekahi manawa ka hao me ka hoʻokahe koko lohi a liʻiliʻi paha i loko o ke kino ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike a hiki wale ke ʻike ʻia e kāu kauka. Hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻoholo inā he nele hao kāu, ke kumu o ka nele, a inā pono ka hoʻohui hao. Hiki i ka nele o ka hao ke alakaʻi i ka luhi maʻamau ʻole, ka hanu pōkole, ka emi ʻana o ka hana kino, a me nā pilikia aʻo ʻana i nā keiki a me nā mākua, a hiki ke hoʻonui i kou manawa e loaʻa ai ka maʻi. Hiki i kekahi mau kūlana ke hoʻonui i kou pono no ka hao. ʻO kēia mau mea e komo pū ana: Eia kekahi, pono paha nā pēpē, ʻoiai nā mea e loaʻa ana i ka waiū umauma a i ʻole nā ʻano waiū haʻahaʻa hao, i ka hao hou aku. Pono e hoʻoholo ʻia ka pono nui no nā mea hoʻohui hao e kāu limahana mālama ola. Hoʻohana wale ʻia ka hao injectable e a ma lalo o ka nānā ʻana o kāu limahana mālama ola. Loaʻa nā ʻano hao ʻē aʻe me ka ʻole o ka palapala kauoha; akā naʻe, hiki i kāu limahana mālama ola ke loaʻa nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi kūikawā ma ka hoʻohana kūpono a me ka nui no kou kūlana. No ka olakino maikaʻi, he mea nui ia e ʻai ʻoe i ka ʻai kaulike a like ʻole. E hahai pono i kekahi papahana ʻai āu kauka mālama ola e hōʻike mai. No kāu pono kūikawā o nā wikamina a me/a i ʻole nā mea kanu, e noi i kāu limahana mālama ola no ka papa inoa o nā meaʻai kūpono. Inā manaʻo ʻoe ʻaʻole lawa nā wikamina a me/a i ʻole nā mea kanu i loaʻa iā ʻoe i kāu ʻai, hiki iā ʻoe ke koho e lawe i kahi mea hoʻohui ʻai. Loaʻa ka hao i loko o ka ʻai i ʻelua ʻano—ka hao heme, kahi i hoʻomoʻi maikaʻi ʻia, a me ka hao nonheme, kahi i hoʻomoʻi maikaʻi ʻole ʻia. ʻO ke kumu ʻai maikaʻi loa o ka hao hoʻomoʻi (heme) ʻo ia ka ʻiʻo ʻulaʻula lahilahi. ʻO ka moa, ka turkey, a me ka iʻa he mau kumu hao nō hoʻi, akā he emi iki lākou ma mua o ka ʻiʻo ʻulaʻula. Loaʻa ka hao hoʻomoʻi maikaʻi ʻole (nonheme) i nā cereals, nā pīni, a me kekahi mau mea kanu. Hiki i nā meaʻai momona i ka wikamina C (e.g., nā hua citrus a me nā mea kanu hou), i ʻai ʻia me nā meaʻai liʻiliʻi o nā meaʻai heme iron-containing, e like me ka ʻiʻo, ke hoʻonui i ka nui o ka hao nonheme i hoʻomoʻi ʻia mai nā cereals, nā pīni, a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. Hiki i kekahi mau meaʻai (e.g., waiū, hua manu, spina, fiber-containing, kofe, tī) ke hoʻemi i ka nui o ka hao nonheme i hoʻomoʻi ʻia mai nā meaʻai. Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ka hao hou aku i ka meaʻai mai ka kuke ʻana i nā ipu hao. Hoʻākāka ʻia ka nui o ka hao i kēlā me kēia lā i nā ʻano like ʻole. Hoʻākāka maʻamau ʻia nā lawe ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā i manaʻo ʻia ma nā miligrama (mg) no ka hao e like me kēia (E hoʻomaopopo ʻia ua hōʻike ʻia ka RDA a me ka RNI ma ke ʻano he nui o ka hao, kahi i kapa ʻia ʻo "elemental" hao. Loaʻa kēia huahana i nā ʻano dosage e like me kēia:
Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia lāʻau
Inā lawe ʻoe i kahi mea hoʻohui meaʻai me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, e heluhelu pono a hahai i nā palekana āpau ma ka lepili. No kēia mau mea hoʻohui, pono e noʻonoʻo i kēia mau mea: E haʻi aku i kāu kauka inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi hopena maʻamau ʻole a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻili i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o kēia hui a i ʻole nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe. E haʻi pū aku i kāu limahana mālama ola inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā maʻi ʻili, e like me nā meaʻai kala, nā mea mālama, a i ʻole nā holoholona. No nā huahana ʻole i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, e heluhelu pono i ka lepili a i ʻole nā mea hoʻohui pūʻolo. ʻAʻohe pilikia i nā keiki i hōʻike ʻia me ka lawe ʻana i nā nui i ʻōlelo ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻAʻole manaʻo ʻia nā mea hoʻohui hao, ke kauoha ʻia e kāu limahana mālama ola, e hoʻokumu i nā hopena ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa i nā keiki ma mua o kā lākou hana ʻana i nā mākua. Eia naʻe, he mea nui ia e hahai pono i nā ʻōlelo aʻo, ʻoiai ʻo ka nui o ka hao i nā keiki he mea weliweli loa ia. Ua hōʻike nā haʻawina ma ka sodium ferric gluconate ua palekana kēia mea hoʻohui e hoʻohana i nā keiki mai 6 a 15 mau makahiki. ʻAʻole i hoʻoholo ʻia ka palekana o ka sodium ferric gluconate i nā mea maʻi ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 6 mau makahiki. ʻAʻohe pilikia i nā mākua kahiko i hōʻike ʻia me ka lawe ʻana i nā nui i ʻōlelo ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā. I kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole maʻalahi nā poʻe ʻelemakule i ka hao e like me nā mākua ʻōpio a pono paha i ka nui o ka nui. Inā manaʻo ʻoe pono ʻoe e lawe i kahi mea hoʻohui hao, e nīnau i kāu limahana mālama ola ma mua. ʻO kāu limahana mālama ola wale nō ka mea hiki ke hoʻoholo inā pono ʻoe i kahi mea hoʻohui hao a pehea ka nui e pono ai ʻoe e lawe. He mea nui loa ia e loaʻa iā ʻoe nā wikamina a me nā minelala lawa ke hāpai ʻoe a e hoʻomau ʻoe i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nui kūpono o nā wikamina a me nā minelala i kou hāpai ʻana. Ke hilinaʻi nei ka ulu a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pēpē i ka lako mau o nā meaʻai mai ka makuahine a i ka pēpē. I nā mahina 3 mua o ka hāpai ʻana, hāʻawi pinepine ka meaʻai kūpono i ka hao lawa. Eia naʻe, i nā mahina 6 hope loa, i mea e hoʻokō ai i nā pono hoʻonui o ka pēpē e ulu ana, hiki i kāu limahana mālama ola ke ʻōlelo aku i kahi mea hoʻohui hao. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka lawe ʻana i nā nui nui o kahi mea hoʻohui meaʻai i ka hāpai ʻana hiki ke hōʻino i ka makuahine a i ʻole ka pēpē a pono e pale ʻia. He mea nui loa ia e loaʻa iā ʻoe nā nui kūpono o nā wikamina a me nā minelala i mea e loaʻa ai i kāu pēpē nā wikamina a me nā minelala e pono ai e ulu pono. Loaʻa maʻamau ka hao i loko o ka waiū umauma i nā nui liʻiliʻi. Ke kauoha ʻia e kahi limahana mālama ola, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia nā hoʻomākaukau hao e hoʻokumu i nā pilikia i ka wā e hānai ai. Eia naʻe, ʻōlelo ʻia nā makuahine hānai e nīnau i kā lākou limahana mālama ola ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui hao a i ʻole nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i nā nui nui o kahi mea hoʻohui meaʻai i ka wā e hānai ai hiki ke hōʻino i ka makuahine a i ʻole ke pēpē a pono e pale ʻia. ʻOiai ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana pū ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, i nā hihia ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana pū ʻia ʻelua mau lāʻau lapaʻau ʻokoʻa ʻoiai paha e loaʻa ana kahi pilina. I kēia mau hihia, makemake paha kāu kauka e hoʻololi i ka nui, a i ʻole pono paha nā palekana ʻē aʻe. Ke lawe ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau mea hoʻohui meaʻai, he mea nui loa ia e ʻike kāu limahana mālama ola inā lawe ʻoe i kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo nei. Ua koho ʻia nā pilina aʻe ma muli o ko lākou koʻikoʻi a ʻaʻole pono ia he mea āpau. ʻAʻole ʻōlelo pinepine ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui meaʻai i loko o kēia papa me kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau aʻe, akā hiki ke koi ʻia i kekahi mau hihia. Inā kauoha ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻelua, hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻololi i ka nui a i ʻole pehea ka pinepine o kāu hoʻohana ʻana i hoʻokahi a i ʻole nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻelua. ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma a kokoke paha i ka manawa o ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana i kekahi mau ʻano meaʻai ʻoiai paha e loaʻa ana nā pilina. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona a i ʻole ka paka me kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau hiki ke hoʻokumu i nā pilina. E kūkākūkā me kāu limahana mālama ola i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau me ka meaʻai, ka waiʻona, a i ʻole ka paka. Hiki i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe ke hoʻopilikia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui meaʻai i loko o kēia papa. E hōʻoia e haʻi aku i kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai:
Pehea e hoʻohana ai i kēia lāʻau
Ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia mea hoʻohui meaʻai, e hoʻomau i ka hoʻi ʻana i kāu kauka lapaʻau e ʻike inā ke loaʻa nei iā ʻoe ka pono mai ka hao. Pono paha kekahi mau hoʻokolohua koko no kēia. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻai ʻana o ka hao ke lawe ʻia ma ka ʻōpū ʻole, me ka wai a i ʻole ka wai hua (poʻe makua: kīʻaha piha a i ʻole 8 ʻaune; keiki: ½ kīʻaha a i ʻole 4 ʻaune), ma kahi o 1 hola ma mua a i ʻole 2 mau hola ma hope o nā ʻaina. Eia naʻe, no ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka hiki ke ʻeha ka ʻōpū, hiki ke lawe ʻia ka hao me ka ʻai a i ʻole koke ma hope o nā ʻaina. No ka hoʻohana palekana a maikaʻi hoʻi o nā mea hoʻohui hao: Hiki i nā ʻano wai o ka mea hoʻohui hao ke hoʻoʻino i nā niho. No ka pale ʻana, ka hoʻemi ʻana, a i ʻole ka wehe ʻana i kēia mau ʻino: E ʻokoʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o kēia papa no nā mea maʻi like ʻole. E hahai i nā kauoha a kāu kauka a i ʻole nā kuhikuhi ma ka lepili. ʻO ka ʻike ma lalo nei ke komo wale nei i nā nui awelika o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau. Inā ʻokoʻa kāu nui, mai hoʻololi ia inā ʻaʻole i haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hana pēlā. ʻO ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe ai e hilinaʻi ana i ka ikaika o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka nui o nā nui āu e lawe ai i kēlā me kēia lā, ka manawa i ʻae ʻia ma waena o nā nui, a me ka lōʻihi o ka manawa āu e lawe ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hilinaʻi ana i ka pilikia olakino āu e hoʻohana nei i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Inā nalowale ʻoe i kahi nui o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, e haʻalele i ka nui i nalowale a hoʻi i kāu papa hana hoʻohana maʻamau. Mai pālua i nā nui. E mālama i kahi kahi i hiki ʻole ai i nā keiki ke kiʻi. E mālama i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ka pahu pani ʻia ma ka mahana o ka lumi, mamao aku mai ka wela, ka pulu, a me ka mālamalama pololei. E mālama i ka hau. Mai mālama i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kahiko a i ʻole ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻaʻole pono hou.
Hōʻole: He kahua ʻike olakino ʻo ʻAukake a ʻaʻole hōʻike kāna mau pane i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo lapaʻau. E kūkākūkā mau me kahi ʻoihana lapaʻau laikini kokoke iā ʻoe ma mua o ka hana ʻana i nā hoʻololi.
Hana ʻia i India, no ka honua