He aha ka Lamivudine a me Zidovudine: Nā hoʻohana, ka nui o ka lāʻau, nā hopena ʻaoʻao a me nā mea hou aku

ʻO Lamivudine a me zidovudine he hui pū ʻia o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka maʻi HIV. Hana pū kēia hui ikaika e hoʻolohi i ka maʻi a kōkua i kāu ʻōnaehana pale e noho ikaika no nā manawa lōʻihi.

Inā ua kau ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau iā ʻoe, e manaʻo ana paha ʻoe i ka nui o nā nīnau a me nā hopohopo. He mea maʻamau loa kēlā, a ʻo ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka hana ʻana o kēia lapaʻau hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e manaʻoʻiʻo e pili ana i kāu huakaʻi olakino i mua.

He aha ka Lamivudine a me Zidovudine?

ʻO Lamivudine a me zidovudine he hui paʻa o nā lāʻau antiretroviral ʻelua e hakakā i ka maʻi HIV. No ka papa like nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻelua i kapa ʻia ʻo nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, ʻo ia hoʻi ke kāohi nei lākou iā HIV mai ka hana ʻana i nā kope o ia iho i loko o kāu mau cell.

E noʻonoʻo i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā roadblocks e pale ai i ka maʻi mai ka laha ʻana i kou kino. Ua kōkua ʻo Lamivudine i ka poʻe me ka HIV mai nā makahiki 1990, ʻoiai ʻo zidovudine ka lāʻau lapaʻau HIV mua loa i ʻae ʻia e ka FDA i ka makahiki 1987.

Hoʻonohonoho pinepine ʻia kēia hui ʻana ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o kahi hoʻolālā lapaʻau nui e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau HIV ʻē aʻe. E koho pono kāu kauka i ka hui kūpono e pili ana i kāu kūlana a me nā pono olakino.

No ke aha i hoʻohana ʻia ai ka Lamivudine a me Zidovudine?

Hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia hui lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama i ka maʻi HIV-1 i nā pākeke a me nā keiki e kaupaona ana ma kahi o 30 kilokani (ma kahi o 66 paona). Ua hoʻolālā ʻia e hōʻemi i ka nui o ka HIV i loko o kou koko i nā pae haʻahaʻa loa, e kōkua ana i ka pale ʻana i kāu ʻōnaehana pale.

Hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i kēia hui ʻana ke ʻike mua ʻia ʻoe me ka HIV a i ʻole inā pono ʻoe e hoʻololi mai kahi regimen lapaʻau HIV ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka pahuhopu ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mea a nā kauka e kapa ai he

I kekahi mau hihia, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau e pale i ka hoʻouna ʻana o ka HIV mai ka makuahine i ke pēpē i ka wā hāpai a me ka hānau ʻana. Eia naʻe, pono kēia hoʻohana kūikawā i ka nānā pono ʻana a me ka mālama olakino kūikawā i ke kaʻina hana.

Pehea e hana ai ʻo Lamivudine a me Zidovudine?

Hana kēia hui lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i ka hiki o ka HIV ke hana hou i loko o kāu mau cell. Ua manaʻo ʻia nā lāʻau ʻelua he lāʻau antiretroviral ikaika loa i hōʻoia ʻia he pono i nā makahiki he nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana.

Ke komo ka HIV i loko o kāu mau cell, hoʻohana ia i kahi enzyme i kapa ʻia ʻo reverse transcriptase e kope i kāna mea genetic. Hoʻopunipuni ʻo Lamivudine a me zidovudine i kēia enzyme ma ka nānā ʻana e like me nā poloka kūkulu e pono ai, akā he mau ʻāpana hewa lākou e hoʻōki ai i ke kaʻina hana kope.

Aia ka ikaika o kēia hui ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ʻelua mau ʻano hana like ʻole e ālai i ke kaʻina hana like. ʻO kēia ala pālua e paʻakikī ai i ka maʻi e hoʻomohala i ke kūpaʻa, ʻoiai hiki nō ke hana i ka manawa inā ʻaʻole lawe ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Pehea e lawe ai au iā Lamivudine a me Zidovudine?

Hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai, ʻoiai ʻo ka lawe ʻana me ka ʻai māmā e kōkua paha e hōʻemi i ka ʻōpū inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi. ʻO ka mea nui e lawe iā ia i nā manawa like i kēlā me kēia lā e mālama i nā pae paʻa i loko o kou kahe koko.

E ale i nā papa holoʻokoʻa me ke aniani wai piha. Mai ʻoki, wāwahi, a nau paha iā lākou, no ka mea, hiki i kēia ke hoʻopilikia i ke ʻano o ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o kāu ʻōnaehana.

Inā ʻoe e lawe ana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ʻelua i ka lā, e hoʻāʻo e hoʻokaʻawale i kāu mau ʻāpana ma kahi o 12 mau hola. Hiki i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā mea hoʻomanaʻo kelepona a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea hoʻonohonoho pill ke kōkua iā ʻoe e noho ma ke ala me kāu papa hana.

He mea nui ka kūlike no ka holomua o ka mālama ʻana i ka HIV. ʻO ka nalo ʻana i nā ʻāpana a i ʻole ka lawe ʻana iā lākou me ka maʻamau ʻole hiki ke ʻae i ka maʻi e hoʻomohala i ke kūpaʻa, e paʻakikī ai ka mālama ʻana i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

Pehea ka lōʻihi e lawe ai au iā Lamivudine a me Zidovudine?

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi HIV he hana maʻamau i ke ola, a pono paha ʻoe e lawe i nā lāʻau antiretroviral no ke koena o kou ola. He mea kaumaha paha kēia i ka wā mua, akā nui ka poʻe e ola ana i ke ola piha a olakino me ka mālama mau ʻana i ka maʻi HIV.

E nānā kāu kauka i kou holomua ma o nā hoʻokolohua koko maʻamau e ana i kou ukana viral a me ka helu o nā cell CD4. Kōkua kēia mau hoʻokolohua e hoʻoholo i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o ka lāʻau a inā pono e hana i nā hoʻoponopono.

I kekahi manawa, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo e hoʻololi i nā lāʻau HIV like ʻole i ka manawa. Hiki ke hana kēia inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hopena ʻaoʻao, inā e kūkulu ka maʻi i ke kūpaʻa, a i ʻole inā loaʻa nā koho hou aʻe.

ʻO ke kī, ʻaʻole loa e hooki i ka lawe ʻana i kāu mau lāʻau HIV me ka ʻole e kūkākūkā mua me kāu mea mālama ola. ʻO ka hooki ʻana i ka mālama ʻana hiki ke hoʻonui wikiwiki i kāu ukana viral a hiki ke hōʻino i kou ʻōnaehana pale.

He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao o Lamivudine a me Zidovudine?

E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a pau, hiki i ka lamivudine a me ka zidovudine ke hoʻoulu i nā hopena ʻaoʻao, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā mea a pau. Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka hapa nui o nā hopena ʻaoʻao a pinepine e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka wā e hoʻoponopono ai kou kino i ka lāʻau i nā pule mua.

Eia nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau e hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka wā e hoʻohana ai kou kino i kēia lāʻau:

• Poʻo a me ka luhi
• Nausea a me ka ʻoluʻolu o ka ʻōpū
• Pāpaʻa a i ʻole nā ʻōpala
• ʻO ka ʻūlū a i ʻole ka pilikia o ka hiamoe
• ʻEha ʻiʻo a me ka nāwaliwali
• Nā hōʻailona e like me ke anu e like me ka ihu a i ʻole ka ʻū

ʻO ka maʻamau, e pau kēia mau hōʻailona i loko o kekahi mau pule i ka wā e hoʻopili ai kou kino. Inā mau lākou a lilo i mea hoʻoluhi, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo i nā ala e mālama pono ai iā lākou.

Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ʻike i nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi e koi ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau koke. ʻOiai ʻaʻole maʻamau kēia mau mea, he mea nui e ʻike iā lākou:

• He ʻeha nui o ka ʻōpū me ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi
• He luhi a i ʻole ka nāwaliwali ʻaʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi
• He melemele o ka ʻili a i ʻole nā maka (jaundice)
• He pilikia o ka hanu ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻūlū mau
• He ʻōpala ʻili nui a i ʻole nā hopena maʻi āpau
• Nā hōʻailona o ka lactic acidosis, e like me ka hanu wikiwiki a me ka ʻeha ʻiʻo

E kelepona koke i kāu mea mālama ola inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona koʻikoʻi. Hiki i ka hana mua ke pale i nā pilikia a hōʻoia i kou palekana.

Aia kekahi mau hopena lōʻihi kakaʻikahi akā hiki ke koʻikoʻi e nānā kāu kauka ma o nā loiloi maʻamau a me nā hoʻokolohua koko. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea i nā loli i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka momona o ke kino, nā pilikia o ka iwi, a me nā loli hana ate.

ʻO wai ka mea ʻaʻole pono e lawe iā Lamivudine a me Zidovudine?

ʻAʻole kūpono kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no nā mea a pau, a e nānā pono kāu kauka i kāu mōʻaukala olakino ma mua o ke kau ʻana. Hiki i kekahi mau maʻi olakino a i ʻole nā kūlana ke hana i kēia hui ʻana i mea palekana ʻole a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi o ka pono iā ʻoe.

ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e lawe i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau inā he maʻi ʻoe iā lamivudine, zidovudine, a i ʻole kekahi o nā mea hana ʻole i nā papa. Hiki i nā hōʻailona o nā hopena maʻi āpau ke komo i ka ʻōpala nui, ka pehu, a i ʻole ka pilikia o ka hanu.

Pono paha ka poʻe me ka maʻi kīkī koʻikoʻi i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe a i ʻole ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka dosage, no ka mea, ua hana ʻia nā lāʻau ʻelua ma o nā kīkī. E nānā kāu kauka i kāu hana kīkī ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a nānā mau.

Inā he mōʻaukala kou o ka maʻi ate, me ka hepatitis B a i ʻole C, pono ʻoe i ka nānā ʻana. Hiki i ka Lamivudine ke hoʻopilikia i ka hepatitis B, a ʻo ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka hepatitis B.

Hiki i nā wahine hāpai ke lawe pinepine i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau me ka palekana, akā pono ia i ka nānā ʻana a me ka mālama kūikawā. E kaupaona kāu kauka i nā pōmaikaʻi e kūʻē i nā pilikia e hiki mai ana iā ʻoe a me kāu pēpē.

ʻO nā kānaka me kekahi mau maʻi koko, ʻo ia hoʻi nā mea e pili ana i ka hana o ka iwi iwi, pono paha i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe. Hiki i ka Zidovudine ke hoʻopilikia i ka hana ʻana o nā pūnaewele koko, ʻoiai me ka hoʻohana lōʻihi.

Nā inoa inoa o Lamivudine a me Zidovudine

ʻO ka inoa inoa maʻamau no kēia hui ʻo Combivir, i hana ʻia e ViiV Healthcare. Ua loaʻa kēia inoa inoa mai ka makahiki 1997 a ua kauoha nui ʻia a puni ka honua.

Hiki nō hoʻi iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā mana generic o kēia hui ʻana ma nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa. Loaʻa i nā lāʻau lapaʻau generic nā mea hana like me nā lāʻau inoa inoa a he mea maikaʻi a palekana hoʻi.

Hiki i kāu hale kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau ke pani i nā mana generic me ka ʻole, a i ʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i kāu kauka a i ʻole ka mea kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i nā koho generic inā he pilikia ke kumukūʻai. Makemake ka hapa nui o nā hoʻolālā ʻinikua i nā lāʻau lapaʻau generic a hiki ke hāʻawi i ka uhi maikaʻi no lākou.

Nā koho ʻē aʻe o Lamivudine a me Zidovudine

Loaʻa kekahi mau hui lāʻau lapaʻau HIV ʻē aʻe inā ʻaʻole kūpono ka lamivudine a me ka zidovudine iā ʻoe. Hiki i kāu kauka ke noʻonoʻo i nā koho ʻē aʻe e pili ana i kāu mau pono kikoʻī, nā hopena ʻaoʻao, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano kūʻē.

Hoʻohui nā ʻōnaehana papa hoʻokahi hou i ʻekolu a ʻoi aku paha nā lāʻau lapaʻau HIV i hoʻokahi pila i kēlā me kēia lā. Aia i loko o kēia mau hui ʻana e like me efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir a i ʻole dolutegravir/abacavir/lamivudine, a he nui ka poʻe i ʻike he mea maʻalahi.

Hiki nō hoʻi i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i nā hui lāʻau lapaʻau ʻelua ʻē aʻe i hui pū ʻia me nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou. Aia ke koho i nā mea e like me kāu ukana viral, ka hana o ka puʻupaʻa, nā maʻi olakino ʻē aʻe, a me nā makemake pilikino.

Hoʻololi kekahi poʻe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou i loaʻa nā hopena ʻaoʻao liʻiliʻi a i ʻole he mea maʻalahi ke lawe. Eia naʻe, pono e hana mau ʻia ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma lalo o ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻoia i ka pono mau.

Ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o Lamivudine a me Zidovudine ma mua o Tenofovir a me Emtricitabine?

He kūpono nā hui ʻelua no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi HIV, akā hana lākou i nā ʻano like ʻole a loaʻa nā pono like ʻole. ʻO ka koho ma waena o lākou e hilinaʻi pinepine ʻia i kou kūlana olakino pilikino a me nā pahuhopu lapaʻau.

Ua hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia ʻo Lamivudine a me zidovudine no nā makahiki he nui a he palekana maikaʻi. Koho pinepine ʻia no ka poʻe i loaʻa nā pilikia o ka puʻupaʻa, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā puʻupaʻa ma mua o nā hui i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka tenofovir.

ʻO Tenofovir a me emtricitabine, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, makemake pinepine ʻia no ka mālama mua ʻana no ka mea he pale kiʻekiʻe i ke kūʻē. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka maʻi e kūʻē i kēia hui.

E noʻonoʻo kāu kauka i nā mea e like me kāu hana puʻupaʻa, ke olakino o ka iwi, nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe āu e lawe nei, a me kāu mau makemake pilikino i ke koho ʻana ma waena o kēia mau koho. Hiki ke kūpono loa nā hui ʻelua ke lawe mau ʻia.

Nā Nīnau i Nīnau Pinepine ʻia e pili ana iā Lamivudine a me Zidovudine

He palekana anei ʻo Lamivudine a me Zidovudine no ka poʻe me ka Hepatitis B?

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Lamivudine e mālama i ka hepatitis B, no laila hiki ke kōkua kēia hui inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka HIV a me ka hepatitis B. Eia naʻe, pono ka nānā ʻana no ka mea hiki i ka hoʻōki ʻana iā lamivudine i ka hopena e hoʻoulu nui ai ka hepatitis B.

E nānā kāu kauka i kāu hana ate a pono paha e hoʻomau i ka lamivudine inā ʻoe e hoʻololi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau HIV like ʻole. Mai hooki i ka lawe ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau me ka nānā ʻole ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hepatitis B.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā lawe hewa au i ka nui o Lamivudine a me Zidovudine?

Inā lawe hewa ʻoe i kahi mahele hou, mai hopohopo. E hoʻokaʻaʻike i kāu kauka a i ʻole ka mea kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau no ke alakaʻi ʻana, akā mai lawe i nā mahele hou e

Inā ua lawe ʻoe i ka nui loa ma mua o ka mea i kauoha ʻia, e kelepona koke i kāu kauka a i ʻole e kelepona i kahi kikowaena mana ʻawa. ʻOiai he kakaikahi nā mea i ʻoi aku ka nui, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻōlelo aʻo ʻoihana.

E mālama i kāu mau ʻāpana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea hoʻonohonoho pila a i ʻole kahi polokalamu lāʻau e kōkua ai i ka pale ʻana i ka pālua ʻana i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā ua hala au i kahi ʻāpana o Lamivudine a me Zidovudine?

Inā ua hala ʻoe i kahi ʻāpana a ua hala ma mua o 12 mau hola mai kou manawa i hoʻonohonoho ʻia, e lawe i ka ʻāpana i hala i ka wā e hoʻomanaʻo ai ʻoe. A laila e hoʻomau me kāu papa manawa maʻamau.

Inā ua hala ma mua o 12 mau hola a i ʻole kokoke i ka manawa no kāu ʻāpana aʻe, e lele i ka ʻāpana i hala a lawe i kāu ʻāpana i hoʻonohonoho ʻia. Mai lawe i ʻelua ʻāpana i ka manawa hoʻokahi e pani ai i kahi ʻāpana i hala.

ʻAʻole kūpono ka hala ʻana i nā ʻāpana i kekahi manawa, akā mai ʻae ʻoe e hoʻoluhi nui iā ʻoe. E kālele ana i ka hoʻi ʻana i ke ala me kāu papa manawa maʻamau a e noʻonoʻo e hoʻonohonoho i nā mea hoʻomanaʻo e kōkua ai i ka pale ʻana i nā ʻāpana i hala.

I ka manawa hea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hooki i ka lawe ʻana iā Lamivudine a me Zidovudine?

He ola mau ka mālama ʻana i ka HIV, no laila ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hooki i ka lawe ʻana i kāu mau lāʻau me ka kūkākūkā ʻole ʻana me kāu kauka mua. ʻO ka hooki ʻana i ka mālama ʻana hiki ke hoʻonui wikiwiki i kāu ukana viral a hiki ke hōʻino i kāu ʻōnaehana pale.

Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku e hoʻololi i nā lāʻau HIV like ʻole i ka manawa, akā pono e hana mau ʻia kēia ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o kahi hoʻololi i hoʻolālā ʻia e hōʻoia i ka pale mau ʻana i ka maʻi.

ʻOiai inā ʻoe e manaʻo nei he olakino loa a ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia kāu ukana viral, he mea nui ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka mālama ʻana e mālama i kou olakino a pale i ka maʻi mai ka hana hou ʻana.

Hiki iaʻu ke inu i ka waiʻona i ka wā e lawe ana iā Lamivudine a me Zidovudine?

He kūpono ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona maʻalahi no ka hapa nui o nā kānaka e lawe ana i kēia lāʻau, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e kūkākūkā i kāu hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona me kāu kauka. Hiki i ka inu nui ʻana ke hoʻopilikia i kou ate a me ka ʻōnaehana pale, e hoʻopilikia ana i kāu lapaʻau HIV.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hepatitis B a i ʻole C me ka HIV, pono paha ʻoe e mālama nui i ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona. Hiki i kāu kauka ke hāʻawi i ke alakaʻi pilikino e pili ana i kāu kiʻi olakino piha.

E hoʻomanaʻo hiki i ka waiʻona ke hoʻopilikia i kou manaʻo a maʻalahi hoʻi e poina i nā lāʻau a i ʻole e komo i nā hana pilikia, no laila he mea naʻauao ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka wā e mālama ai i kekahi maʻi olakino maʻi.