Mannitol (alaloa ma ke ala intravena)

Osmitrol

Hoʻohana ʻia ka inikini mannitol e hoʻoemi i ke kaomi ma ke poʻo (kaomi intracranial) a me ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaomi i loko o ka maka (kaomi intraocular). Hoʻohana ʻia pū keia e mālama i ka pehu ʻana o ka lolo (cerebral edema). Pono e hāʻawi ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau e ke kauka a ma lalo paha o kona nānā pololei. Loaʻa kēia huahana ma nā ʻano helu helu ma lalo nei:

I ka hoʻoholo ʻana e hoʻohana i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau, pono e kaulike ke kaumaha o ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ka pono e hana ai. He hoʻoholo kēia āu a me kāu kauka e hana ai. No kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, pono e noʻonoʻo i nā mea aʻe: E haʻi aku i kāu kauka inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi hopena maʻamau ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​hopena ʻē aʻe i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe. E haʻi pū aku i kāu limahana mālama ola inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā maʻi ʻiliʻili, e like me nā meaʻai, nā kala, nā mea mālama, a i ʻole nā ​​holoholona. No nā huahana kūʻai ʻole ʻia, e heluhelu pono i ka lepili a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻohui pūʻolo. ʻAʻole i hōʻike nā haʻawina kūpono i hana ʻia a hiki i kēia lā i nā pilikia kūikawā pediatric e kaupalena ai i ka pono o ka mannitol injection i nā keiki. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā keiki ma lalo o 2 mau makahiki, ʻoi aku hoʻi nā pēpē ma mua o ka manawa a me nā pēpē hou, e loaʻa i nā pilikia wai a me nā electrolyte. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka palekana a me ka pono. ʻAʻole i hōʻike nā haʻawina kūpono i hana ʻia a hiki i kēia lā i nā pilikia kūikawā geriatric e kaupalena ai i ka pono o ka prochlorperazine i nā ʻelemakule. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā poʻe ʻelemakule e loaʻa i nā pilikia wai a me nā electrolyte a me nā pilikia puʻupaʻa, naʻau, a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia māmā e pili ana i ka makahiki, ka mea e pono ai ke akahele i ka nui no nā mea maʻi e loaʻa ana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻAʻohe mau haʻawina lawa i nā wāhine no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka pilikia o ka pēpē ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā hānai waiū. E kaulike i nā pono hiki ke loaʻa me nā pilikia hiki ke loaʻa ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā hānai waiū. ʻOiai ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana pū ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, i nā hihia ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana pū ʻia ʻelua mau lāʻau lapaʻau ʻokoʻa ʻoiai inā hiki ke loaʻa kahi pilina. I kēia mau hihia, makemake paha kāu kauka e hoʻololi i ka nui, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano palekana ʻē aʻe paha e pono ai. Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, he mea nui loa ia i kāu limahana mālama ola e ʻike inā ke lawe nei ʻoe i kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i helu ʻia ma lalo nei. Ua koho ʻia nā pilina aʻe ma muli o ko lākou koʻikoʻi hiki ke loaʻa a ʻaʻole pono nā mea āpau. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau me kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau aʻe ʻaʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia, akā hiki ke koi ʻia i kekahi mau hihia. Inā kuhikuhi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻelua, hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻololi i ka nui a i ʻole ka pinepine o kāu hoʻohana ʻana i hoʻokahi a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau lapaʻau ʻelua. Hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau me kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau aʻe ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao, akā ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻelua paha ka mālama maikaʻi loa no ʻoe. Inā kuhikuhi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻelua, hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻololi i ka nui a i ʻole ka pinepine o kāu hoʻohana ʻana i hoʻokahi a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau lapaʻau ʻelua. ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau i ka manawa a i ʻole kokoke i ka manawa o ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana i kekahi mau ʻano meaʻai ʻoiai hiki ke loaʻa nā pilina. Hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona a i ʻole ka paka me kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻokumu pū i nā pilina. E kūkākūkā me kāu limahana mālama ola i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau me ka meaʻai, ka waiʻona, a i ʻole ka paka. Hiki i ke alo o nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe ke hoʻopilikia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau. E hōʻoia e haʻi aku i kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku hoʻi: