He aha ʻo Pegaptanib: Nā hoʻohana, ka nui o ka lāʻau, nā hopena ʻaoʻao a me nā mea hou aku

He lāʻau lapaʻau maka kūikawā ʻo Pegaptanib e kōkua ana i ka hoʻolohi ʻana i ka nalowale o ka ʻike i ka poʻe me ka maʻi macular degeneration (AMD) e pili ana i ka makahiki. Hiki mai kēia maʻi i ka wā e ulu ai nā kīʻaha koko maʻamau ma hope o ka retina, e hoʻoulu ana i ka leaka wai a me nā pilikia o ka ʻike. Hana ʻo Pegaptanib ma ka pale ʻana i kahi protein i kapa ʻia ʻo VEGF e paipai ana i kēia mau kīʻaha koko ʻino e ulu, e kōkua ana i ka mālama ʻana i kou ʻike waena.

He aha ʻo Pegaptanib?

He lāʻau lapaʻau injectable ʻo Pegaptanib i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i ka macular degeneration e pili ana i ka makahiki. No ka papa o nā lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo anti-VEGF agents, ʻo ia hoʻi, e pale ana i ka vascular endothelial growth factor - kahi protein e hoʻoikaika i ka ulu ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko.

Hoʻokomo kāu kauka i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ka gel vitreous i loko o kou maka me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi nila lahilahi loa. Kapa ʻia ke kaʻina hana he intravitreal injection, a ʻoiai he mea hopohopo paha, he lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau ia. Noho ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kou maka no kekahi mau pule, e hana mau ana e pale i ka ulu ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko a me ka leaka wai.

ʻO Pegaptanib kekahi o nā lāʻau anti-VEGF mua i ʻae ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i ka AMD, ʻoiai ua hoʻohana ʻia nā koho hou i kēia manawa. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia e kuhikuhi i hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano o VEGF, e lilo ia i lāʻau lapaʻau koho ʻia i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe i kēia māhele.

No ke aha i hoʻohana ʻia ai ʻo Pegaptanib?

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Pegaptanib no ka mālama ʻana i ka macular degeneration e pili ana i ka makahiki, kahi maʻi maka koʻikoʻi e hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka nalowale wikiwiki o ka ʻike. Hoʻopilikia kēia ʻano o AMD i kāu macula, ka ʻāpana waena o kou retina e kuleana no ka ʻike maʻalahi a kikoʻī e pono ai no ka heluhelu ʻana, ka hoʻokele ʻana, a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā maka.

Ua kuhikuhi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka AMD neovascular, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke ulu nei nā kīʻaha koko hou ma kahi e pono ʻole ai lākou. Hoʻokuʻu kēia mau kīʻaha abnormal i ka wai a me ke koko, e hoʻoulu ana i ka pehu a me ka ʻeha e hiki ke hōʻino mau i kou ʻike waena. Kōkua ʻo Pegaptanib i ka hoʻolohi ʻana i kēia kaʻina hana ma ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā hōʻailona ulu e paipai ana i kēia mau kīʻaha koko pilikia.

ʻOiai hiki i ka pegaptanib ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻike e kū nei a hoʻolohi i ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike, he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ʻaʻole ia e hoʻihoʻi i ka ʻike i nalowale mua. ʻO ka pahuhopu ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a me ka pale ʻana i ka hōʻino hou ʻana ma mua o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻike o kēia manawa.

Pehea e hana ai ʻo Pegaptanib?

Hana ʻo Pegaptanib ma ka pale ʻana i ka VEGF-165, kahi protein kikoʻī e hōʻailona ana i kou kino e ulu i nā kīʻaha koko hou. I nā maka olakino, kōkua kēia protein i ka mālama ʻana i ka hana maʻamau o nā kīʻaha koko, akā i ka AMD pulu, lilo ia i mea hana nui a hana i nā kīʻaha hou ʻino.

E noʻonoʻo i ka VEGF-165 ma ke ʻano he luna hana e hāʻawi ana i nā kauoha e kūkulu i nā kīʻaha koko kahi e pono ʻole ai. Hana ʻo Pegaptanib e like me ka luna e komo i loko e hoʻōki i kēlā mau kauoha kūkulu, e pale ana i ka hana ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko leaky, abnormal ma hope o kou retina.

Ua manaʻo ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau he mea maikaʻi loa ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā lāʻau anti-VEGF hou. ʻOiai hiki iā ia ke hoʻolohi i ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike i nā kānaka he nui, ʻaʻole paha ia e like me ka mana o kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe i loaʻa i kēia lā. E noʻonoʻo kāu loea maka i kou kūlana kikoʻī a me ka mōʻaukala olakino i ka wā e hoʻoholo ai inā ʻo pegaptanib ke koho kūpono iā ʻoe.

He manawa pōkole nā hopena o ka pegaptanib, ʻo ia ke kumu e pono ai ʻoe i nā injections maʻamau. E wāwahi mālie ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kou maka i nā pule he nui, no laila he mea nui ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau mau no ka pale mau ʻana i ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike.

Pehea e lawe ai au i ka Pegaptanib?

Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Pegaptanib e kāu kauka maka ma o ka pahu i loko o kou maka. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i kēia lāʻau ma ka home, a pono ia i kahi wahi maʻemaʻe e hōʻoia i kou palekana.

Ma mua o kāu pahu, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe kāu kauka i ka wahi a puni kou maka a hāʻawi paha iā ʻoe i nā kulu e hōʻemi i ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole. He mau kekona wale nō ka pahu maoli, akā hiki i ka manawa holoʻokoʻa ke lōʻihi i 30-60 mau minuke me ka hoʻomākaukau a me ka nānā ʻana ma hope.

ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e ʻai wikiwiki a pale i ka meaʻai ma mua o kāu manawa, akā pono ʻoe e hoʻonohonoho i kekahi e hoʻokele iā ʻoe i ka home ma hope. Hiki ke pōpō iki kou ʻike, a loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kekahi ʻike māmā no kekahi mau hola ma hope o ka pahu.

Ma hope o ka pahu, e ʻōlelo paha kāu kauka e hoʻohana i nā kulu maka antibiotic no kekahi mau lā e pale ai i ka maʻi. Pono nō hoʻi ʻoe e pale i ka hamo ʻana i kou mau maka a mālama iā lākou i maʻemaʻe a maloʻo no ka lā mua a i ʻole ʻelua.

Pehea ka lōʻihi e lawe ai au i ka Pegaptanib?

ʻO ka mālama ʻana iā Pegaptanib e pili ana i nā pahu maʻamau i kēlā me kēia 6 pule, a pono paha ʻoe i ka mālama mau ʻana no ka lōʻihi o kāu AMD pulu. He maʻi maʻi kēia e pono ai ka mālama mau ʻana e mālama i nā pōmaikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana.

E nānā kāu kauka maka i kāu pane ʻana i ka mālama ʻana ma o nā hoʻokolohua maka maʻamau a me nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi. Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ʻike i ka paʻa ʻana o ko lākou ʻike i loko o nā mahina mua, aʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e pono paha i kekahi mau lāʻau ma mua o ka ʻike ʻana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi.

He ʻokoʻa nui ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana mai kēlā kanaka i kēia kanaka. Pono paha kekahi poʻe i nā pahu pegaptanib no nā makahiki, aʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e neʻe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau like ʻole a i ʻole e ʻike i ka holomua o ka maʻi e hoʻololi i kā lākou hoʻolālā lapaʻau.

He mea nui ʻaʻole e hooki koke i ka lapaʻau ʻana, ʻoiai inā me he mea lā ua paʻa kou ʻike. Aia nō ke kūlana kumu e hoʻoulu ai i ka ulu ʻana o nā moku koko maʻamau ʻole, a ʻo ka hooki ʻana i ka lapaʻau ʻana e alakaʻi i ka nalowale wikiwiki o ka ʻike.

He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao o Pegaptanib?

Hoʻomanawanui ka hapa nui o nā kānaka iā pegaptanib, akā e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, hiki iā ia ke hoʻoulu i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. ʻO nā mea maʻamau e pili ana i ke kaʻina hana injection ponoʻī ma mua o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Eia nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau e hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike:

• ʻEha maka a i ʻole ka hōʻoluʻolu no hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā ma hope o ka injection
• ʻIke pōʻeleʻele no ka manawa a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻopilikia ʻike
• Manaʻo e loaʻa ana kekahi mea i kou maka
• Hoʻonui ʻia ka hana waimaka
• ʻUlaʻula iki a i ʻole ka huhū a puni ka wahi injection
• Nā kiko lana liʻiliʻi i kou ʻike (floaters)
• ʻIke i ka mālamalama no kekahi mau hola ma hope o ka lapaʻau

Hoʻoponopono maʻamau kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau i loko o kekahi mau lā a ʻaʻole ia he kumu e hopohopo ai. Eia naʻe, pono ʻoe e hoʻokaʻaʻike i kāu kauka inā mau a ʻino paha lākou.

Aia kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi akā kakaʻikahi e koi ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau koke. ʻOiai ʻaʻole maʻamau kēia mau pilikia, he mea nui e ʻike iā lākou:

• Maʻi maka koʻikoʻi (endophthalmitis)
• Hoʻonui nui i ke kaomi maka
• Hoʻokaʻawale retinal
• Nalowale ʻike nui
• ʻEha maka koʻikoʻi mau
• Hoʻomaka koke o nā floaters hou he nui
• Nā kukui uila a i ʻole ka nalowale ʻike e like me ka pale

Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona koʻikoʻi, ʻoiai i nā lā mua ma hope o ka injection, e hoʻokaʻaʻike koke i kāu kauka maka a i ʻole e ʻimi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau pilikia.

ʻO wai ka mea ʻaʻole pono e lawe iā Pegaptanib?

ʻAʻole kūpono ʻo Pegaptanib no nā mea a pau, a e loiloi pono kāu kauka inā palekana ia nāu. ʻAʻole pono ka poʻe me kekahi mau maʻi maka a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi e loaʻa i kēia lapaʻau.

ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e loaʻa i ka pegaptanib inā he maʻi maka ʻeleu a i ʻole ka mumū i loko a i ʻole a puni kou maka. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia i nā kūlana e like me ka conjunctivitis, uveitis, a i ʻole kekahi maʻi bacteria, viral, a i ʻole fungal i mālama ʻole ʻia.

Pono nā kānaka i ʻike ʻia i nā maʻi allergies i ka pegaptanib a i ʻole kekahi o kāna mau mea e pale i kēia lāʻau. Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hopena maʻi i nā lāʻau anti-VEGF ʻē aʻe, e hōʻoia e kūkākūkā i kēia me kāu kauka ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau.

Hiki i kekahi mau maʻi maka ʻē aʻe ke hoʻolilo i ka pegaptanib i mea kūpono ʻole a i ʻole e koi i nā hana kūikawā. Pono kāu kauka e loiloi inā he glaucoma koʻikoʻi kāu, ka ʻoki maka hou, a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia retinal ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia o nā pilikia.

Inā hāpai ʻoe a i ʻole e hānai ana i ka waiū, e kūkākūkā i nā pilikia a me nā pōmaikaʻi me kāu kauka. ʻOiai he ʻikepili palena ʻia e pili ana i nā hopena o ka pegaptanib i ka wā hāpai, e kaupaona kāu kauka i nā pōmaikaʻi e hiki ke loaʻa i nā pilikia e hiki ke loaʻa iā ʻoe a me kāu pēpē.

Nā inoa inoa Pegaptanib

Hoʻolaha ʻia ʻo Pegaptanib ma lalo o ka inoa inoa Macugen i ka hapa nui o nā ʻāina kahi i loaʻa ai. ʻO kēia ka inoa kalepa mua āu e ʻike ai ma nā palapala kauoha a me nā palapala lapaʻau.

Hiki i kekahi mau ʻāina ke loaʻa nā inoa inoa like ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​mana generic i loaʻa, akā ʻo Macugen ka inoa inoa i ʻike nui ʻia no ka pegaptanib. Hiki i kāu kauka a i ʻole ka mea kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau ke hōʻoia i ka inoa inoa kikoʻī i hoʻohana ʻia ma kou wahi.

Ke kūkākūkā ʻana i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau me nā mea mālama ola, hiki iā ʻoe ke kuhikuhi i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he pegaptanib a i ʻole Macugen, a e maopopo iā lākou e kamaʻilio ana ʻoe e pili ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau like.

Nā koho ʻē aʻe o Pegaptanib

Nui nā lāʻau anti-VEGF ʻē aʻe i loaʻa no ka mālama ʻana i ka AMD pulu, a ua hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka nui i kēia manawa ma mua o ka pegaptanib. Hiki i kāu kauka ke noʻonoʻo i kēia mau koho ʻē aʻe e pili ana i kāu mau pono kikoʻī a me ka pane ʻana i ka lāʻau.

ʻO Ranibizumab (Lucentis) he lāʻau lapaʻau anti-VEGF hou i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka pegaptanib. Hoʻopaʻa ia i nā ʻano like ʻole o VEGF ma mua o hoʻokahi wale nō, e hāʻawi ana i nā hopena maikaʻi aʻe no nā maʻi he nui.

ʻO Bevacizumab (Avastin) kekahi koho ʻē aʻe i hoʻohana ʻia i kekahi manawa no ka mālama ʻana i ka AMD. ʻOiai ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia no nā maʻi maka, hoʻohana nā kauka he nui no ka mea he maikaʻi a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā koho ʻē aʻe.

ʻO Aflibercept (Eylea) he lāʻau lapaʻau hou e ālai ana i ka VEGF a me kekahi protein i kapa ʻia ʻo PlGF. Pono pinepine ia i nā injections liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, hiki ke maʻalahi no nā maʻi.

E noʻonoʻo kāu kauka maka i nā mea e like me ke koʻikoʻi o kou maʻi, ka mōʻaukala lapaʻau, ka uhi ʻinikua, a me nā makemake pilikino i ka wā e ʻōlelo ai i ka koho lapaʻau maikaʻi loa no ʻoe.

Ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o Pegaptanib ma mua o Ranibizumab?

Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Ranibizumab (Lucentis) ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka pegaptanib no ka mālama ʻana i ka AMD pulu. Ua hōʻike nā haʻawina lapaʻau ua hāʻawi ʻo ranibizumab i nā hopena ʻike maikaʻi aʻe a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻike ma mua o ka hoʻolohi ʻana i ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike.

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ʻo ka ranibizumab e ālai i nā ʻano like ʻole o VEGF, ʻoiai ʻo ka pegaptanib e ālai wale i hoʻokahi ʻano kikoʻī (VEGF-165). ʻO kēia blockade ākea e unuhi pinepine i nā hopena lapaʻau maikaʻi aʻe no ka hapa nui o nā maʻi.

Eia naʻe, hiki nō ke kūpono ka pegaptanib no kekahi poʻe, ʻoi aku ka poʻe i pane ʻole i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi olakino kikoʻī e hoʻolilo i nā koho ʻē aʻe i kūpono ʻole. E noʻonoʻo kāu kauka i kou kūlana pilikino i ke koho ʻana ma waena o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau.

Loaʻa i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻelua nā ʻano palekana like, no laila e pili pinepine ka koho i ka pono a me nā mea maʻalahi e like me ke alapine injection a me nā manaʻo kumukūʻai.

Nā nīnau i nīnau pinepine ʻia e pili ana iā Pegaptanib

He palekana anei ʻo Pegaptanib no nā maʻi maʻi maʻi?

ʻAe, palekana maʻamau ʻo pegaptanib no ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes, akā pono kāu kauka e nānā pono iā ʻoe. Hiki i ka maʻi diabetes ke hoʻopilikia i nā kīʻaha koko ma kou kino a pau, me nā mea i loko o kou mau maka, no laila e makemake kāu kauka maka e nānā i nā loli i kāu maʻi retinopathy diabetic.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka edema macular diabetic me AMD, pono paha kāu kauka e hoʻoponopono i kāu hoʻolālā lapaʻau. I kekahi manawa, pono ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes i nā lāʻau lapaʻau like ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​lapaʻau hui pū e hoʻoponopono pono i nā kūlana ʻelua.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā ua hala au i kahi mahele o Pegaptanib?

Inā ua hala ʻoe i kāu injection pegaptanib i hoʻonohonoho ʻia, e kelepona i ke keʻena o kāu kauka maka i ka hiki wawe e hoʻonohonoho hou. Mai kali a hiki i kāu manawa maʻamau e hiki mai ana, no ka mea, hiki i nā āpau i ka lapaʻau ke ʻae i kou maʻi e ʻino.

Makemake paha kāu kauka e ʻike iā ʻoe i loko o hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha pule o kāu manawa i hala e loiloi i kou maʻi maka a e hoʻoholo i ka manawa maikaʻi loa no kāu injection e hiki mai ana. ʻO ka hala ʻana i hoʻokahi injection ʻaʻole ia e hōʻeha mau, akā he mea nui ka lapaʻau mau no ka mālama ʻana i kou ʻike.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā loaʻa iaʻu nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻeha maka nui, ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike koke, a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona o ka maʻi ma hope o kāu injection pegaptanib, e kelepona koke i kāu kauka maka a i ʻole e ʻimi i ka mālama olakino pilikia. Hiki i kēia mau hōʻailona ke hōʻike i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi e pono ai ka mālama wikiwiki.

E mālama i ka ʻike pili pilikia o kāu kauka, a mai kānalua e kelepona inā hopohopo ʻoe e pili ana i kekahi mau hōʻailona. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka makaʻala i ka wā e pili ana i kou ʻike a me ke olakino o ka maka.

I ka manawa hea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hooki i ka lawe ʻana iā Pegaptanib?

Pono ʻoe e hooki i ka lapaʻau pegaptanib ma lalo o ke alakaʻi a kāu kauka. ʻOiai inā paʻa kou ʻike, aia nō ke kūlana ma lalo e hoʻoulu ai i ka ulu ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko maʻamau, a ʻo ka hooki ʻana i ka lapaʻau hiki ke alakaʻi i ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike wikiwiki.

E nānā mau kāu kauka i kou kūlana ma o nā hoʻokolohua maka a me nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi. Inā lilo kāu AMD i mea ʻole a i ʻole e loaʻa iā ʻoe nā pilikia e hoʻolilo i ka mālama ʻana i mea kūpono ʻole, e kūkākūkā lākou i ka hoʻōki ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻololi ʻana i kāu hoʻolālā lapaʻau.

Hiki iaʻu ke kalaiwa ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka Pegaptanib Injection?

ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e kalaiwa koke ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pegaptanib injection. Hiki i nā kulu numbing a me ka injection ponoʻī ke hoʻopilikia i kou ʻike no kekahi manawa, e hoʻolilo ana i mea palekana ʻole ke kalaiwa no kekahi mau hola ma hope.

E hoʻolālā e loaʻa i kekahi e kalaiwa iā ʻoe i kāu manawa a mai kāu manawa, a i ʻole e hoʻonohonoho i kahi kaʻa ʻē aʻe. Hiki i ka hapa nui o nā kānaka ke hoʻomau i nā hana maʻamau, me ke kalaiwa ʻana, i ka lā ma hope o kā lākou injection ke pau nā hopena ʻike manawa.