He aha ʻo Phenytoin: Nā Hoʻohana, Dosage, Nā hopena ʻaoʻao a me nā mea hou aku

He lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo Phenytoin e kōkua ana i ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻāʻī ma ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka hana uila i kou lolo. Ua hilinaʻi ʻia e nā kauka no nā makahiki he nui e kōkua i ka poʻe me ka maʻi epilepsy e ola i nā ola maʻamau, me ka ʻole o ka ʻāʻī.

Hana kēia lāʻau lapaʻau anti-seizure e like me ka ʻōnaehana paʻa mālie no nā hōʻailona uila o kou lolo. Ke lilo nā cell nerve i kou lolo i mea hana nui a puhi wikiwiki loa, komo ʻo phenytoin i loko e hoʻolohi i nā mea a hoʻihoʻi i ke kaulike.

He aha ʻo Phenytoin?

No kahi hui lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo Phenytoin i kapa ʻia ʻo anticonvulsants a i ʻole nā lāʻau anti-epileptic. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia e pale i nā pahū koke o ka hana uila i kou lolo e hana ai i nā ʻāʻī.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma kona inoa inoa, Dilantin. Hele mai ia i nā ʻano like ʻole me nā capsules, nā papa, a me ka wai hoʻokuʻu e maʻalahi ai ka poʻe o nā makahiki āpau e lawe.

Ke kōkua nei kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ka poʻe e mālama i ka epilepsy mai nā makahiki 1930. Manaʻo nā kauka he lapaʻau kihi no ka mea he pono a maikaʻi hoʻi.

No ke aha e hoʻohana ʻia ai ʻo Phenytoin?

Hoʻonohonoho mua ʻia ʻo Phenytoin e pale a mālama i nā ʻano ʻāʻī like ʻole i ka poʻe me ka epilepsy. He mea pono loa ia no nā ʻāʻī tonic-clonic generalized (i kapa ʻia ma mua he mau ʻāʻī nui) a me nā ʻāʻī hapa.

Hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha iā phenytoin e pale i nā ʻāʻī i ka wā a i ʻole ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana i ka lolo. I kekahi manawa, hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā hoʻonohonoho haukapila e hoʻōki i nā ʻāʻī lōʻihi ʻaʻole e pane i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.

I nā hihia kakaʻikahi, hiki i nā kauka ke hoʻohana iā phenytoin no kekahi mau ʻano ʻeha nerve a i ʻole nā pilikia o ka puʻuwai. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole maʻamau kēia mau hoʻohana a pono e nānā pono.

Pehea e hana ai ʻo Phenytoin?

Hana ʻo Phenytoin ma ka pale ʻana i nā kahawai sodium i nā cell nerve o kou lolo. E noʻonoʻo i kēia mau kahawai e like me nā puka liʻiliʻi e mālama ai i nā hōʻailona uila ma waena o nā cell lolo.

Ke mālama lōʻihi ʻia kēia mau puka, lilo nā pūnaewele nerve i mea nui a puhi wikiwiki, e alakaʻi ana i nā hopu. Kōkua ʻo Phenytoin i ka pale ʻana i kēia mau puka mai ka noho lōʻihi ʻana, e pale ana i ka ʻino uila e hana ai i nā hopu.

Manaʻo ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau he ikaika a maikaʻi. ʻAʻole ia e hiamoe iā ʻoe e like me kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau hopu ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ke kumu e hiki ai i nā kānaka he nui ke mālama i kā lākou hana i kēlā me kēia lā i ka wā e lawe ana.

Pehea e lawe ai au i ka Phenytoin?

E lawe i ka phenytoin e like me ke kauoha a kāu kauka, maʻamau hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha i ka lā. Hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai, akā ʻo ka lawe ʻana me ka meaʻai e kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻōpū.

E ale i nā capsules holoʻokoʻa me ke aniani wai piha. Mai ʻoki, nau, a wehe paha i nā capsules ke ʻole ke kauoha kūikawā a kāu kauka e hana ai.

E hoʻāʻo e lawe i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau i ka manawa like i kēlā me kēia lā e mālama i nā pae paʻa i loko o kou kahe koko. Inā ʻoe e lawe ana i ke ʻano wai, e lulu maikaʻi i ka ʻōmole ma mua o kēlā me kēia mahele a hoʻohana i ka mea ana i hele pū me ia.

E pale i ka lawe ʻana i ka phenytoin me ka waiū a i ʻole nā meaʻai waiwai i ka calcium, no ka mea, hiki i ka calcium ke hoʻopilikia i ka absorption. He mea naʻauao nō hoʻi e pale i ka waiʻona i ka wā e lawe ana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau.

Pehea ka lōʻihi e lawe ai au i ka Phenytoin?

Pono ka hapa nui o ka poʻe me ka epilepsy e lawe i ka phenytoin no kekahi mau makahiki, a pono paha kekahi no ke ola. Aia ka lōʻihi i kāu ʻano hopu a me ka maikaʻi o kāu pane ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Makemake maʻamau kāu kauka e noa ʻoe i nā hopu no ka liʻiliʻi o ʻelua makahiki ma mua o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana inā e hōʻemi a hoʻōki paha i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Mai hooki i ka lawe ʻana i ka phenytoin i ka pō, no ka mea, hiki i kēia ke hoʻomaka i nā hopu weliweli.

Inā hoʻoholo ʻoe a me kāu kauka e hoʻōki i ka phenytoin, e hana ʻia ia i ka lohi i nā pule a i ʻole nā mahina. Kōkua kēia tapering lohi i ka pale ʻana i nā hopu haʻalele.

He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao o Phenytoin?

E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a pau, hiki i ka phenytoin ke hoʻoulu i nā hopena ʻaoʻao, ʻoiai ʻaʻole e ʻike nā kānaka a pau iā lākou. Nui nā hopena ʻaoʻao he maʻalahi a maʻa mau e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka wā e hoʻoponopono ai kou kino i ka lāʻau.

ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau loa āu e ʻike ai, ʻo ia ka ʻūlū, ka hiamoe, a me nā pilikia me ka hoʻopili ʻana a i ʻole ke kaulike. Hiki ke hana pinepine kēia i ka wā e hoʻomaka mua ai ʻoe e lawe i ka lāʻau a i ʻole ke hoʻonui ʻia kāu mahele.

Eia nā hopena ʻaoʻao pinepine e ʻike ai kekahi poʻe:

• Ka pehu ʻana a me ka palupalu o nā ʻōpū
• Hoʻonui ʻia ka ulu ʻana o ka lauoho ma ka maka a me ke kino
• Pilikia ʻili a i ʻole ka ʻāʻī
• Ka maʻi a i ʻole ka ʻōpū
• Tremor a i ʻole ka haʻalulu
• Huikau a i ʻole ka paʻakikī o ka noʻonoʻo

Hiki ke mālama ʻia kēia mau hopena maʻamau a emi pinepine i ka manawa. Hiki i ka maʻemaʻe waha maikaʻi ke kōkua i nā pilikia o nā ʻōpū, a hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia nā loli ʻili.

ʻAʻole maʻamau nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi, akā pono e mālama koke i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO kēia mau hōʻailona kakaʻikahi akā koʻikoʻi, ʻo ia:

• Nā hopena ʻili koʻikoʻi me ka ʻōpala a i ʻole ka ʻili
• Melemele o ka ʻili a i ʻole nā maka (jaundice)
• ʻO ka ʻeha a i ʻole ke kahe ʻana
• ʻŪlū nui a i ʻole ka hāʻule
• Paʻakikī i ka ʻōlelo a i ʻole ka ʻōlelo ʻōlelo
• ʻEha umauma a i ʻole ka puʻuwai ʻole

Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona koʻikoʻi, e hoʻokaʻaʻike koke i kāu mea mālama ola. ʻOiai ʻaʻole maʻamau kēia mau hopena, he mea nui ka ʻike mua a me ka mālama ʻana.

ʻO wai ka mea pono ʻole e lawe i ka Phenytoin?

ʻAʻole kūpono ʻo Phenytoin no nā mea a pau. E nānā pono kāu kauka i kāu mōʻaukala olakino ma mua o ke kau ʻana i kēia lāʻau.

ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e lawe i ka phenytoin inā he maʻi ʻoe iā ia a i ʻole nā lāʻau lapaʻau like. Pono paha nā poʻe me kekahi mau maʻi puʻuwai, ka maʻi ate, a i ʻole nā maʻi koko i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.

Pono ka mālama kūikawā inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau maʻi:

• Nā pilikia o ke ake a i ʻole hepatitis
• Maʻi puʻuwai a i ʻole ka puʻuwai ʻole
• Maʻi kō
• Nā pilikia o nā iwi a i ʻole osteoporosis
• Ka kaumaha a i ʻole nā manaʻo e pepehi iā ʻoe iho
• Ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka waiʻona

Pono nā wāhine hāpai i ka noʻonoʻo kūikawā, no ka mea, hiki i ka phenytoin ke hoʻopilikia i ka ulu ʻana o ka pēpē. Eia naʻe, hiki i nā hōʻeha i ka wā hāpai ke lilo i mea weliweli, no laila e loiloi kāu kauka i nā pilikia a me nā pōmaikaʻi me ka akahele.

Nā inoa inoa o Phenytoin

ʻO ka inoa inoa kaulana loa no ka phenytoin ʻo Dilantin, i hana ʻia e Pfizer. Ua loaʻa kēia inoa inoa no nā makahiki he nui a ua ʻike nui ʻia e nā mea mālama ola.

ʻO nā inoa inoa ʻē aʻe e komo pū ana me Phenytek, i loaʻa i nā capsules hoʻokuʻu lōʻihi. Loaʻa nō hoʻi nā mana generic o ka phenytoin a hana like ka maikaʻi me nā mana inoa.

Hiki i kāu kauka lapaʻau ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā capsules ʻokoʻa i kēlā me kēia manawa, akā aia nā mea hana like i loko o lākou a pau. Inā he hopohopo kāu e pili ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana ma waena o nā inoa, e kūkākūkā me kāu kauka a i ʻole kauka lapaʻau.

Nā koho ʻē aʻe o Phenytoin

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau anti-seizure ʻē aʻe ma ke ʻano he koho ʻē aʻe i ka phenytoin. Hiki i kāu kauka ke noʻonoʻo i kēia mau mea inā ʻaʻole hana maikaʻi ka phenytoin iā ʻoe a i ʻole e hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao pilikia.

ʻO nā koho maʻamau e komo pū ana me ka carbamazepine, valproic acid, a me nā lāʻau hou e like me levetiracetam a i ʻole lamotrigine. He mau pōmaikaʻi a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao pākahi.

Aia ke koho o ke koho ʻē aʻe i kāu ʻano hōʻeha, nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe, a pehea ʻoe e pane ai i nā lāʻau like ʻole. Mai hoʻololi i nā lāʻau hōʻeha me ka ʻole o ke alakaʻi a kāu kauka.

Ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o Phenytoin ma mua o Carbamazepine?

He mau lāʻau anti-seizure maikaʻi ʻo Phenytoin a me carbamazepine, akā hana lākou i nā mea like ʻole a loaʻa nā ʻano hopena ʻaoʻao like ʻole. ʻAʻole ʻoi aku kekahi ma mua o kekahi.

Hiki ke makemake ʻia ʻo Phenytoin inā pono ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hiamoe a i ʻole inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi ʻano o nā hopu e pane maikaʻi ana iā ia. Hiki ke koho ʻia ʻo Carbamazepine inā hopohopo ʻoe e pili ana i nā pilikia o ka ʻāʻī a i ʻole nā hopena ʻaoʻao cosmetic.

E noʻonoʻo kāu kauka i kāu ʻano hopu kikoʻī, nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe, nā pilina lāʻau lapaʻau, a me nā makemake pilikino i ke koho ʻana ma waena o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ka mea e hana maikaʻi loa e ʻokoʻa mai kēlā me kēia kanaka.

Nā Nīnau i Nīnau Pinepine ʻia e pili ana iā Phenytoin

He Palekana ʻo Phenytoin no ka Hāpai ʻana?

Hiki i ka Phenytoin ke hoʻopilikia i ka ulu ʻana o ka fetal a hoʻonui i ka pilikia o nā kīnā hānau, ʻo ia hoʻi ka lehelehe a me ka palaka. Eia naʻe, hiki i nā hopu i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia i ka wā hāpai ke pilikia no ka makuahine a me ka pēpē.

Inā ʻoe e hoʻolālā nei e hāpai a i ʻole e ʻike ʻoe e hāpai ana ʻoiai e lawe ana iā phenytoin, mai hooki koke i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Akā, e kelepona koke i kāu kauka e kūkākūkā i ke ala palekana loa no kāu kūlana kikoʻī.

Hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻoponopono i kāu mahele, hoʻololi iā ʻoe i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, a i ʻole e ʻōlelo aku i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka waikawa folic e hōʻemi i nā pilikia. He mea nui ka nānā mau ʻana i ka wā hāpai.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā lawe hewa au i ka nui o Phenytoin?

Inā lawe hewa ʻoe i ka nui o phenytoin ma mua o ka mea i kauoha ʻia, e kelepona koke i kāu kauka a i ʻole ke kikowaena hoʻomalu ʻawa. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka nui hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi e like me ka dizziness nui, ka huikau, a i ʻole nā pilikia me ka hoʻonohonoho.

ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka overdose phenytoin e pili ana i ka ʻōlelo paʻakikī, ka paʻakikī o ka hele ʻana, ka nausea, a me ka hiamoe. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia i ka hanu a me ka puʻuwai.

Mai kali e ʻike inā e ulu nā hōʻailona. ʻOiai inā maikaʻi ʻoe, he mea nui e kiʻi i ka ʻōlelo aʻo lapaʻau no ka mea hiki ke kūkulu ʻia nā pae phenytoin i kāu ʻōnaehana i ka manawa.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā haʻalele au i kahi mahele o Phenytoin?

Inā poina iā ʻoe kahi lāʻau, e lawe koke iā ia ke hoʻomanaʻo ʻoe, ke ʻole kokoke ka manawa no kāu lāʻau i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e hiki mai ana. I kēlā hihia, e lele i ka lāʻau i poina a lawe i kāu lāʻau e hiki mai ana i ka manawa maʻamau.

Mai lawe ʻelua lāʻau i ka manawa hoʻokahi e uku ai i kahi lāʻau i poina. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia o nā hopena ʻaoʻao a me nā pae koko weliweli o ka lāʻau.

Inā poina pinepine ʻoe i nā lāʻau, e noʻonoʻo e hoʻohana i kahi mea hoʻonohonoho pila a i ʻole e hoʻonohonoho i nā mea hoʻomanaʻo kelepona. He mea nui nā pae koko kūlike no ka pale ʻana i nā hopu.

I ka manawa hea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hooki i ka lawe ʻana iā Phenytoin?

Pono e hana mau ʻia ka hoʻoholo e hooki i ka phenytoin me kāu kauka, ma hope o ka hala ʻana o ʻoe i ʻelua mau makahiki me ka ʻole o ka hopu ʻana. Pono paha kekahi poʻe e lawe iā ia no ka lōʻihi a i ʻole no ka manawa pau ʻole.

E noʻonoʻo kāu kauka i nā mea e like me ke ʻano o kāu hopu ʻana, nā hopena EEG, nā kūlana lolo i lalo, a me nā mea ola i ka wā e hoʻoholo ai inā palekana ke hooki i ka lāʻau.

Inā hooki ʻoe i ka phenytoin, e hana ʻia ia me ka mālie i nā pule a i ʻole nā mahina. Kōkua kēia hoʻemi lohi i ka pale ʻana i nā hopu haʻalele, hiki ke weliweli.

Hiki iaʻu ke kalaiwa i ka wā e lawe ana iā Phenytoin?

Aia ke kalaiwa ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻia ʻana o kāu mau hopu a inā paha e hoʻoulu ai ʻo phenytoin i nā hopena ʻaoʻao e pili ana i kou hiki ke kalaiwa palekana. ʻOkoʻa nā kānāwai ma kahi, no laila e nānā i kāu mau rula kūloko.

Pono ka hapa nui o nā wahi e noho ʻoe me ka ʻole o ka hopu ʻana no kekahi manawa ma mua o ke kalaiwa ʻana. ʻOiai inā e mālama ʻia kāu mau hopu, hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao e like me ka dizziness a i ʻole ka hiamoe ke pili i kou hiki ke kalaiwa.

E kūkākūkā i ka palekana kalaiwa me kāu kauka, ʻoiai ke hoʻomaka ʻana iā phenytoin a i ʻole ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā lāʻau. Hiki iā lākou ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i ka manawa e palekana ai ke hoʻomau i ke kalaiwa ʻana ma muli o kou kūlana pilikino.