He aha ʻo Rituximab: Nā Hoʻohana, Nā Ana, Nā ʻAoʻao ʻAoʻao a me nā mea hou aku

He lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi ʻo Rituximab e kōkua ana i kou ʻōnaehana pale e hakakā i kekahi mau ʻano maʻi koko a me nā maʻi autoimmune. Hana kēia lāʻau ikaika ma ka ʻimi ʻana i nā pūnaewele kikoʻī i kou kino e hana ana i nā pilikia, e lilo ana i mea lapaʻau nui no nā kūlana e like me ka lymphoma, leukemia, a me ka rheumatoid arthritis.

Inā ua ʻōlelo kāu kauka iā rituximab, he mau nīnau paha kāu e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hana a me ka mea e manaʻo ai. Ua kōkua kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i nā poʻe he nui e mālama pono i nā kūlana koʻikoʻi, a ʻo ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā kumu hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e mākaukau no kāu huakaʻi lapaʻau.

He aha ʻo Rituximab?

ʻO Rituximab kahi ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau i kapa ʻia he monoclonal antibody e hoʻohālike i nā protein ʻōnaehana pale o kou kino. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia i loko o kahi hale hana e ʻimi a luku i nā pūnaewele kikoʻī e hana ana i ka maʻi i kou kino.

E noʻonoʻo iā rituximab ma ke ʻano he missile alakaʻi e ʻimi ana i nā pūnaewele kikoʻī i kapa ʻia ʻo B-cells. Hiki i kēia mau pūnaewele ke lilo i maʻi maʻi i nā maʻi koko a i ʻole ka hana nui ʻana i nā maʻi autoimmune. Hoʻopili ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kēia mau pūnaewele pilikia a hōʻailona iā lākou no ka luku ʻia e kou ʻōnaehana pale.

ʻO kēia ala i manaʻo ʻia, hiki i ka rituximab ke maikaʻi loa me ka hana ʻana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao liʻiliʻi ma mua o kekahi mau lāʻau chemotherapy kuʻuna. Hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma o ka IV infusion, maʻamau i loko o kahi haukapila a i ʻole ke kikowaena lapaʻau maʻi.

No ke aha e hoʻohana ʻia ai ʻo Rituximab?

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻo Rituximab i kekahi mau kūlana koʻikoʻi, ʻo ka maʻi koko a me nā maʻi autoimmune. Ua kauoha kāu kauka iā ia i ka wā i hana ʻole ai nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe a i ʻole ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o kahi hoʻolālā lapaʻau piha.

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama i kēia mau maʻi koko i ka wā i lilo ai nā B-cells i malignant:

• Lymphoma ʻaʻole-Hodgkin (ka hoʻohana maʻamau)
• Leukemia lymphocytic maʻi
• Lymphoma B-cell nui laha
• Lymphoma follicular
• Lymphoma cell mantle

Pane maikaʻi kēia mau maʻi maʻi i ka rituximab no ka mea pili lākou i nā B-cell like i kā ka lāʻau e kuhikuhi ai. Nui ka poʻe e ʻike i ka hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻana i ko lākou kūlana me kēia lapaʻau.

Kōkua pū ʻo Rituximab i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi autoimmune kahi e hoʻouka ai kāu ʻōnaehana pale i ka ʻiʻo olakino:

• Rheumatoid arthritis (ke hana ʻole nā lapaʻau ʻē aʻe)
• Granulomatosis me polyangiitis
• Microscopic polyangiitis
• Pemphigus vulgaris (kahi maʻi ʻili laha)

I nā hihia laha, hiki i nā kauka ke kuhikuhi i ka rituximab no nā hoʻohana ʻole i ka lepili e like me kekahi mau maʻi kīkī a i ʻole nā hihia koʻikoʻi o ka sclerosis multiple. E loiloi pono kāu hui mālama ola inā kūpono kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no kāu kūlana kikoʻī.

Pehea e hana ai ʻo Rituximab?

Hana ʻo Rituximab ma ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi protein kikoʻī i kapa ʻia ʻo CD20 e noho ana ma luna o nā B-cell. Ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kēia mau cell, pili ia iā lākou e like me ke kī e komo ana i loko o ka laka.

Ke pili, hōʻailona ʻo rituximab i kāu ʻōnaehana pale e luku i kēia mau cell i kaha ʻia. Hana ʻia kēia kaʻina hana ma nā ʻano like ʻole - hiki i kāu ʻōnaehana pale ke hoʻouka pololei i nā cell i kaha ʻia, a i ʻole e hoʻolālā ʻia nā cell e luku iā lākou iho.

Ua manaʻo ʻia he lāʻau ikaika kēia no ka mea hiki iā ia ke hōʻemi nui i ka helu o nā B-cell i kou kino. ʻOiai ʻo kēia ka mea āu e makemake ai i ka wā e mālama ai i ka maʻi maʻi a i ʻole nā maʻi autoimmune, ʻo ia hoʻi e hiki ke hōʻemi ʻia kou hiki ke hakakā i ka maʻi.

Hiki ke mau nā hopena o ka rituximab no nā mahina ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lapaʻau. E hoʻoponopono hou nā B-cell, akā lawe kēia kaʻina hana i ka manawa - maʻamau ʻeono mahina a ʻelua makahiki e pili ana i kou kūlana pilikino.

Pehea wau e lawe ai iā Rituximab?

Hāʻawi mau ʻia ʻo Rituximab ma ke ʻano he intravenous (IV) infusion ma kahi keʻena lapaʻau, ʻaʻole loa ma ke ʻano he pila āu e lawe ai ma ka home. E kahe mālie ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma kahi paipu i loko o kou vein, maʻamau ma luna o kekahi mau hola.

Ma mua o kāu infusion, e hāʻawi kāu hui mālama ola iā ʻoe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā hopena maʻi. ʻO kēia mau mea e komo pū ana me nā antihistamines e like me Benadryl a i kekahi manawa nā steroids a i ʻole acetaminophen.

ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻokē ʻai ma mua o ka mālama ʻana, akā hiki i ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai māmā ma mua ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka nausea. E lawe mai i nā mea ʻai a me ka wai no ka mea hiki i nā infusions ke lawe i 4-6 mau hola, ʻoiai no kāu mālama mua.

I ka wā o ka infusion, e nānā pono nā kahu hānai iā ʻoe no nā hōʻailona o nā hopena maʻi. Hoʻomaka mālie ka lāʻau lapaʻau a hoʻonui mālie i ka wikiwiki inā ʻoe e ʻae maikaʻi ana. Hiki i ka hapa nui o nā kānaka ke heluhelu, nānā i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni, a i ʻole e hoʻomaha i kēia manawa.

E hoʻolālā e noho i ka wahi lapaʻau no ka liʻiliʻi o 30 mau minuke ma hope o ka pau ʻana o kāu infusion. Kōkua kēia manawa nānā e hōʻoia ʻaʻole ou hopena lohi ma mua o ka hele ʻana i ka home.

Pehea ka lōʻihi e lawe ai au iā Rituximab?

He ʻokoʻa nui ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana iā rituximab ma muli o kou kūlana kikoʻī a me ka maikaʻi o kou pane ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. E hana kāu oncologist a i ʻole rheumatologist i kahi papa hana lapaʻau pilikino e pili ana i kāu mau pono.

No nā maʻi koko, pili ka mālama ʻana i nā pōʻaiapuni he nui ma luna o kekahi mau mahina. ʻO kahi papa hana maʻamau e komo pū ana me nā infusions hoʻokahi i ka pule no ʻehā pule, a ukali ʻia e nā mahele mālama mahina no ka lōʻihi o ʻelua makahiki.

No nā kūlana autoimmune e like me ka rheumatoid arthritis, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ʻelua infusions i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻelua pule. Inā kōkua kēia i kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo e hana hou i kēia pōʻaiapuni i kēlā me kēia 6-12 mahina.

Pono kekahi poʻe i ka mālama mau ʻana e mālama i ko lākou maʻi, a hiki i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ke loaʻa ka hoʻōla lōʻihi ma hope o hoʻokahi papa. E nānā kāu hui mālama ola i kāu pane ma o nā hoʻokolohua koko a me nā kiʻi.

Mai hooki i ka mālama ʻana i ka rituximab ma mua me ka ʻole e kūkākūkā me kāu kauka, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e maikaʻi ana. ʻO ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka papa piha e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka manawa maikaʻi loa o ka holomua lōʻihi.

He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao o Rituximab?

Hoʻomanawanui ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i ka rituximab, akā e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ikaika a pau, hiki iā ia ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. ʻO ka lono maikaʻi, hiki ke mālama ʻia a me ka manawa nā hopena ʻaoʻao he nui.

I ka wā a i ʻole ma hope koke o kāu infusion, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hopena e pili ana i ka infusion e like me nā hōʻailona flu:

• Hiva a me ke anu
• ʻEha poʻo
• Nausea
• ʻEha ʻiʻo
• Luhi
• Haʻahaʻa ke koko
• ʻO ka ʻili ʻili a i ʻole ka ʻū

He maʻalahi kēia mau hopena a hoʻomaikaʻi koke me nā lāʻau lapaʻau mua a me ka mālama kākoʻo. ʻIke kāu hui mālama ola pehea e mālama pono ai i kēia mau hōʻailona.

I nā lā a me nā pule ma hope o ka mālama ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau:

• Hoʻonui ʻia ka pilikia o nā maʻi ma muli o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka hana immune
• Luhi e hiki ke mau i nā pule he nui
• Hoʻemi ʻia ka helu keʻokeʻo koko
• Nā ʻeha waha
• Hoʻopilikia ʻana i ka ʻai

Pono nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi akā ʻaʻole maʻamau i ka lāʻau lapaʻau koke. E hoʻokaʻaʻike koke i kāu hui mālama ola inā ʻike ʻoe:

• Nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi koʻikoʻi (fiva, ʻū mau, pilikia i ka hanu)
• Nā hopena ʻili koʻikoʻi a i ʻole ka ʻōpala
• ʻEha umauma a i ʻole ka puʻuwai ʻole
• ʻEha ʻōpū nui
• Nā loli neurological e like me ka huikau a i ʻole ka nāwaliwali

He maʻamau ʻole akā hiki i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi ke komo i ka hoʻāla hou ʻana o ka maʻi hepatitis B i nā kānaka i hala i ka maʻi, ka progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (he maʻi lolo), a me nā hopena ʻili koʻikoʻi. E nānā pono kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hopu i nā pilikia i ka wā mua.

ʻO wai ka mea pono ʻole e lawe iā Rituximab?

ʻAʻole kūpono ʻo Rituximab no nā mea a pau, a e nānā pono kāu kauka i kāu moʻolelo olakino ma mua o ke kau ʻana. ʻO kekahi mau maʻi a i ʻole nā kūlana e hoʻoweliweli loa ai kēia lāʻau.

ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e loaʻa iā rituximab inā he maʻi koʻikoʻi kāu, ʻaʻole i mālama ʻia. ʻO ka hopena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kāu ʻōnaehana pale e hiki ke hoʻonui i nā maʻi a i ʻole e paʻakikī ke mālama.

Pono ka poʻe me kekahi mau maʻi puʻuwai i ka noʻonoʻo kūikawā no ka mea hiki i ka rituximab ke hoʻopilikia i ka puʻuwai a me ke koko. E hana pū kāu cardiologist a me ka oncologist inā he pilikia kou puʻuwai.

Inā hāpai ʻoe a i ʻole e hoʻolālā ana e hāpai, he pilikia ʻo rituximab i kāu pēpē e ulu nei. Hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke hele i ka placenta a hoʻopilikia i ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana pale o kāu pēpē.

Pono nā makuahine e hānai ana i ka umauma e pale i ka rituximab no ka mea hiki ke hele i loko o ka waiū umauma. Hiki i kāu hui mālama ola ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻimi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā koho manawa inā pili kēia iā ʻoe.

ʻO nā kūlana ʻē aʻe e koi ana i ka akahele kūikawā e komo pū ana:

• Moʻolelo o ka maʻi hepatitis B (ʻoiai inā ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia)
• Maʻi kīkī a i ʻole ate koʻikoʻi
• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa hou ʻana me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ola
• Nā hopena maʻi maʻi koʻikoʻi i ka rituximab a i ʻole nā lāʻau lapaʻau like

E kaupaona kāu kauka i kēia mau pilikia i nā pōmaikaʻi e hiki mai ana o ka mālama ʻana no kāu kūlana kikoʻī.

Nā inoa inoa o Rituximab

Loaʻa ʻo Rituximab ma lalo o nā inoa inoa like ʻole, me ka mana kumu ʻo Rituxan. ʻO kēia ka lāʻau rituximab i ʻae ʻia e ka FDA a ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i kēia lā.

Ua loaʻa i kēia manawa kekahi mau mana biosimilar, me Truxima, Ruxience, a me Riabni. Hana like kēia mau biosimilar me ke kumu kumu akā hiki ke emi ke kumukūʻai.

Hiki i kāu hale kūʻai lāʻau a i ʻole ka ʻoihana ʻinikua ke hoʻololi 'akomi i kahi mana biosimilar, he mea maikaʻi maʻamau. Eia naʻe, loaʻa paha i kāu kauka nā kumu kikoʻī no ke koho ʻana i kekahi mana ma mua o kekahi.

Pono nā huahana rituximab i ʻae ʻia e ka FDA e hoʻokō i nā kūlana palekana a me ka pono. ʻO ke koho ma waena o nā hōʻailona e pili pinepine ana i ke kumukūʻai a me ka loaʻa ʻana ma mua o nā ʻokoʻa nui i ke ʻano o kā lākou hana.

Nā Koho ʻē aʻe o Rituximab

Nui nā koho ʻē aʻe i ka rituximab, ʻoiai ʻo ke koho maikaʻi loa e hilinaʻi ana i kou kūlana kikoʻī a me ka mōʻaukala olakino. E noʻonoʻo kāu kauka i kēia mau koho inā ʻaʻole kūpono ka rituximab iā ʻoe.

No nā maʻi koko, hiki i nā koho ʻē aʻe ke komo i nā antibodies monoclonal ʻē aʻe e like me alemtuzumab a i ʻole ofatumumab. Hiki nō hoʻi i nā lāʻau chemotherapy kuʻuna a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau lapaʻau i manaʻo ʻia e like me ibrutinib.

No nā kūlana autoimmune, nā koho ʻē aʻe e komo pū ana me nā lāʻau immunosuppressive ʻē aʻe e like me methotrexate, azathioprine, a i ʻole nā ​​biologics hou e like me adalimumab a i ʻole tocilizumab.

Hana maikaʻi kekahi poʻe me nā lāʻau lapaʻau hui e hoʻohana ana i nā lāʻau he nui. E kōkua kāu hui mālama ola kino e hoʻoholo i ke ala lapaʻau kūpono loa no kou kūlana.

ʻO ka hoʻoholo e hoʻohana i nā koho ʻē aʻe e hilinaʻi pinepine ana i nā mea e like me kou olakino holoʻokoʻa, nā pane lapaʻau mua, a me nā ʻano maʻi kikoʻī.

Ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o Rituximab ma mua o nā lāʻau lapaʻau like ʻē aʻe?

ʻO Rituximab ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua o kona ʻano a ke noho nei i kahi lapaʻau maʻamau no nā kūlana he nui. Eia naʻe,

I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me ka chemotherapy kuʻuna, ʻo ka rituximab pinepine e hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai e like ana a ʻoi aku paha ka maikaʻi no kekahi mau maʻi koko. Hiki i kēia ala i manaʻo ʻia ke ʻano o ke ola maikaʻi i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana.

I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā biologics ʻē aʻe no nā maʻi autoimmune, ʻo ka pōmaikaʻi o ka rituximab ʻo ia kona hopena lōʻihi. Pono paha ʻoe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o ka pinepine ma mua o kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.

Eia naʻe, hāʻawi kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau hou i nā pōmaikaʻi e like me ka hoʻohana waha ma kahi o nā infusions IV, a i ʻole nā pilikia liʻiliʻi o ka maʻi. E kōkua kāu kauka iā ʻoe e kaupaona i kēia mau mea.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau

E launa me kāu hui mālama ola ke ʻike koke ʻoe ua hala ʻoe i kahi hoʻokomo rituximab i hoʻonohonoho ʻia. E kōkua lākou iā ʻoe e hoʻonohonoho hou i ka hiki wawe e mālama i ka pono o kāu lapaʻau.

ʻAʻole e hōʻeha koke ka hala ʻana i kahi mahele, akā e hōʻemi paha ia i ka pono o ka lapaʻau. Pono paha kāu kauka e hoʻoponopono i kāu papa hana lapaʻau a i ʻole e nānā pono iā ʻoe e pili ana i ka lōʻihi o ka lohi.

I ka manawa hea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hooki i ka lawe ʻana iā Rituximab?

Mai hooki i ka lapaʻau rituximab me ka ʻole e kūkākūkā me kāu kauka, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e ʻoluʻolu ana. E hoʻoholo kāu hui mālama ola i ka manawa e palekana ai ke hooki ʻana ma muli o kāu pane i ka lapaʻau a me ka nānā mau ʻana.

No ka lapaʻau ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa, hiki i ka hooki ʻana i ka wā mua ke ʻae i nā pūnaewele maʻi kanesa e ulu hou. No nā maʻi autoimmune, hiki i ka hooki ʻana i ka wā ma mua ke alakaʻi i nā hōʻailona. E hoʻohana kāu kauka i nā hoʻokolohua koko a me nā loiloi ʻē aʻe e hoʻoholo i ka manawa kūpono e hooki ai.

Hiki iaʻu ke loaʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā e lawe ana iā Rituximab?

Pono ʻoe e pale i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ola i ka wā e lawe ana iā rituximab a no kekahi mau mahina ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lapaʻau. Eia naʻe, palekana a paipai ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻole e like me ka pana flu.

E hoʻolālā e kiʻi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau pono ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lapaʻau rituximab ke hiki. E hāʻawi kāu kauka i nā alakaʻi kikoʻī e pili ana i ka manawa a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau palekana i ka wā o kāu lapaʻau.