He aha ka Lapaʻau ʻUmiʻumi: Nā Hoʻohana, Ka Laʻau, Nā hopena ʻaoʻao a me nā mea hou aku

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻumiʻumi he lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi ola e pale aku i ka ʻumiʻumi, he maʻi koʻikoʻi a hiki ke make. ʻOiai ua hoʻopau ʻia ka ʻumiʻumi ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i ka makahiki 1980, he mea nui kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no kekahi mau pūʻulu o nā kānaka, me nā limahana hale hana, nā limahana koa, a me nā limahana mālama ola e hiki ke hōʻike ʻia i ka maʻi.

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke noʻonoʻo e pili ana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma muli o kāu hana, nā hoʻolālā huakaʻi, a i ʻole ka hoihoi wale nō i kēia ʻāpana o ka mōʻaukala olakino. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hana a me ka mea e manaʻo ai hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hana i nā hoʻoholo kūpono e pili ana i kou olakino.

He aha ka Lapaʻau ʻUmiʻumi?

Aia i loko o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻumiʻumi kahi maʻi ola i kapa ʻia ʻo vaccinia virus, pili pili loa i ka ʻumiʻumi akā ʻoi aku ka palekana. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i kāu ʻōnaehana pale e ʻike a hakakā i ka maʻi ʻumiʻumi maoli inā e hōʻike ʻia ʻoe iā ia.

Ua puni ka lāʻau lapaʻau mai ka hopena o nā makahiki 1700 a he mea kōkua nui i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka ʻumiʻumi mai ka honua. He mea maikaʻi loa ka mana o kēia lā, me nā haʻawina e hōʻike ana e hiki ke pale i ka ʻumiʻumi ma kahi o 95% o nā kānaka e loaʻa iā ia ke hāʻawi ʻia ma mua o ka hōʻike ʻana.

No ke aha e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka Lapaʻau ʻUmiʻumi?

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻumiʻumi e pale aku i nā kānaka i loaʻa ka pilikia nui o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka maʻi ʻumiʻumi. No ka mea ʻaʻole i loaʻa hou ka ʻumiʻumi ma ke ʻano maoli, ʻaʻole kēia lāʻau lapaʻau he ʻāpana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau kamaliʻi maʻamau e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe āu e kamaʻāina ai.

Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau inā hana ʻoe i kahi hale hana e mālama ana i ka ʻumiʻumi a i ʻole nā maʻi pili. Hiki i nā limahana koa i hoʻouna ʻia i kekahi mau wahi ke loaʻa iā ia ma ke ʻano he hana mālama. Eia kekahi, hiki i kekahi mau limahana mālama ola e pane aku i kahi hanana bioterrorism ke lilo i mau moho no ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka maʻi puʻupuʻu, ʻoiai e hana maikaʻi loa ia ke hāʻawi ʻia i loko o nā lā mua. Hiki i kēia hana, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka pale ʻana ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana, ke hāʻawi i ka pale nui ʻoiai ma hope o ka pili ʻana me ka maʻi.

Pehea e Hana ai ka Lāʻau Lapaʻau Puʻupuʻu?

Hana ka lāʻau lapaʻau puʻupuʻu ma ka hoʻolauna ʻana i kahi maʻi nāwaliwali akā ola i loko o kou kino, e hoʻomaka ana i kāu ʻōnaehana pale. ʻO kēia maʻi, i kapa ʻia ʻo vaccinia, ua like ia me ka maʻi puʻupuʻu i aʻo ai kou kino e hakakā i nā maʻi ʻelua me ka maikaʻi.

Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ka lāʻau lapaʻau, hana kou ʻōnaehana pale i nā antibodies a hoʻāla i nā cell kūikawā e hoʻomanaʻo pehea e hakakā ai i ka maʻi puʻupuʻu. ʻO kēia hoʻomanaʻo pale e mau ana no kekahi mau makahiki, ʻoiai e emi ana ka pale ʻana i ka manawa.

Ua manaʻo ʻia he lāʻau lapaʻau ikaika kēia no ka mea aia i loko o ia mea he maʻi ola, e hana ana i mea maikaʻi loa akā ʻo ia hoʻi hiki ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao ʻoi aku ka ʻike ʻia ma mua o kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana he pale ikaika a lōʻihi e kūʻē i kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi.

Pehea e Lawe ai i ka Lāʻau Lapaʻau Puʻupuʻu?

Hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau puʻupuʻu ma o kahi hana kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo scarification, ʻaʻole ma o ka injection maʻamau e like me ka hapa nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe. E hoʻohana kāu mea mālama ola i kahi nila ʻelua-pronged kūikawā e hana i nā punctures liʻiliʻi i kou ʻili, maʻamau ma kou lima luna.

Ma mua o kāu lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e pale i ka meaʻai a i ʻole e hana i nā hana kūikawā. Eia naʻe, pono ʻoe e haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe nei a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi olakino āu. He mea kōkua nō hoʻi ke ʻaʻahu i ka pālule lima pōkole e maʻalahi ai ke komo ʻana i ke kahua lāʻau lapaʻau.

He mau minuke wale nō ke kaʻina hana. E hoʻomaʻemaʻe kāu mea mālama ola i ka wahi, e hoʻopili i kahi kulu liʻiliʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, a laila e hoʻohana i ka nila bifurcated e hana i kahi 15 punctures wikiwiki ma o ka kulu lāʻau lapaʻau i kou ʻili.

Ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, pono ʻoe e mālama i ka wahi i maʻemaʻe a maloʻo, a e pale i ka ʻōpala a i ʻole ka ʻohi ʻana iā ia. E hāʻawi kāu kauka i nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka wahi lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā e hoʻōla ai.

Pehea ka lōʻihi e lawe ai au i ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi liʻiliʻi?

Hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi liʻiliʻi ma ke ʻano he hoʻokahi maʻi, ʻaʻole ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau e like me kekahi mau lāʻau. Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ka lāʻau lapaʻau, e hoʻomohala ʻoe i ka pale e hiki ke mau no nā makahiki he nui.

Eia naʻe, inā e hoʻomau ʻoe i ka pilikia no ka hōʻike ʻana i ka maʻi liʻiliʻi, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo i kahi lāʻau hoʻoikaika. Hana pinepine kēia i kēlā me kēia 3 a 5 mau makahiki no ka poʻe e hana ana me ka maʻi liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​mea pili i nā hoʻonohonoho lab.

ʻO ka hoʻoholo e pili ana inā pono ʻoe i nā maʻi hou e hilinaʻi ana i kāu mau mea pilikia kikoʻī a me ka nui o ka manawa i hala mai kāu lāʻau lapaʻau hope loa. E kōkua kāu mea mālama ola e hoʻoholo i ka papa manawa kūpono no kāu kūlana.

He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi liʻiliʻi?

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe e loaʻa ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi liʻiliʻi e ʻike i kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao ma ka wahi lāʻau lapaʻau, a he hōʻailona maʻamau kēia e hana ana ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ka hopena maʻamau ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kahi puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi e lilo i pustule a laila scabs over.

Eia ka mea e hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo e hana ma ka wahi lāʻau lapaʻau i nā pule e hiki mai ana:

• Nā lā 1-3: Hōʻike ʻia kahi puʻupuʻu ʻulaʻula liʻiliʻi
• Nā lā 4-6: Hoʻopiha ka puʻupuʻu me ka wai a hiki ke lilo i mea ʻōpala
• Nā lā 7-14: Hoʻomohala ka puʻupuʻu i loko o kahi pustule me kahi kikowaena kaumaha
• Nā lā 14-21: Hoʻomaloʻo ka pustule a hana i kahi scab
• Nā lā 21-28: Hāʻule ka scab, e waiho ana i kahi ʻili liʻiliʻi

He maʻamau loa kēia kaʻina hana a hōʻike i ka pane kūpono o kāu ʻōnaehana pale i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Hiki nō iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kekahi mau hōʻailona maʻamau i ka wā e kūkulu ai kou kino i ka pale. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke komo i ke kuni māmā, ka luhi, ka ʻeha o nā ʻiʻo, a me nā ʻōpū lymph i pehu ma kahi kokoke i kahi e lawelawe ʻia ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Hōʻike maʻamau kēia mau hōʻailona i loko o ka pule mua a hoʻoponopono iā lākou iho.

He kakaikahi nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi akā hiki ke hana. Aia i loko o kēia mau mea nā hana ʻili koʻikoʻi, nā maʻi maka inā e hoʻoili ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kou mau maka, a i nā hihia kakaikahi loa, ka mumū o ka puʻuwai a i ʻole ka lolo. He kiʻekiʻe ka pilikia o nā poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale i hoʻopilikia ʻia.

ʻO wai ka mea pono ʻole e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi liʻiliʻi?

ʻAʻole pono e loaʻa i kekahi mau pūʻulu o nā kānaka ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi liʻiliʻi no ka mea e kū ana lākou i nā pilikia nui. Inā he ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali kāu ma muli o ka HIV, ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa, a i ʻole kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻaʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no ʻoe.

Pono nō hoʻi nā kānaka me kekahi mau maʻi ʻili e pale i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau. Inā he eczema, dermatitis, a i ʻole nā pilikia ʻili mau ʻē aʻe kāu, hiki i ka maʻi ola i loko o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke hana i nā hana ʻili koʻikoʻi e laha ana ma waho o ka pūnaewele lawelawe.

ʻO nā kūlana a me nā kūlana e hiki mai ana e kāpae iā ʻoe mai ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi liʻiliʻi:

• Hāpai a i ʻole nā hoʻolālā e hāpai i loko o 4 pule
• Hānai ʻana i ka waiū
• ʻO ka ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali mai kekahi kumu
• Nā maʻi ʻili o kēia manawa a i ʻole nā maʻi ʻili e like me ka eczema
• Maʻi puʻuwai, ʻoiai nā kūlana e pili ana i ke kahe koko
• Nā pilikia o ka maka e pili ana i ka cornea
• Nā maʻi maʻi koʻikoʻi i nā mea o ka lāʻau lapaʻau

Eia kekahi, inā e noho ana ʻoe me kekahi mea i loaʻa kekahi o kēia mau maʻi, pono paha ʻoe e hoʻopaneʻe i ka lawelawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka mea hiki ke laha ka pūnaewele lawelawe a hiki i ka wā e ola piha ai.

E nānā pono kāu kauka i kāu mōʻaukala olakino a me ke kūlana olakino o kēia manawa ma mua o ka hoʻoholo ʻana inā palekana kēia lāʻau lapaʻau iā ʻoe.

Nā inoa inoa o ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi liʻiliʻi

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau smallpox i loaʻa i kēia manawa ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ACAM2000, i hana ʻia e Emergent BioSolutions. ʻO kēia ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua i hoʻohana ʻia no ka pale ʻana i ka smallpox ma mua a ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana.

Ua pani ʻo ACAM2000 i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau kahiko i kapa ʻia ʻo Dryvax, i hoʻohana ʻia no nā makahiki he nui akā ʻaʻole i hana hou ʻia. Loaʻa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau hou ka hopena like akā ua hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana hou a me nā mana maikaʻi.

Ua ʻae ʻia kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo JYNNEOS (i ʻike ʻia ʻo Imvamune a i ʻole Imvanex ma nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe) no ka pale ʻana i ka smallpox. He ʻokoʻa kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no ka mea aia i loko o kahi maʻi i hoʻololi ʻia ʻaʻole e hana hou i loko o nā cell kanaka, e palekana ai no ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale i hoʻopilikia ʻia.

Nā koho ʻē aʻe o ka lāʻau lapaʻau Smallpox

Inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau smallpox kuʻuna ma muli o nā pilikia olakino, ʻo JYNNEOS paha ke koho ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i kahi maʻi vaccinia i hoʻololi ʻia i hoʻolālā ʻia e palekana no ka poʻe me nā pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana pale a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ʻili.

Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo JYNNEOS ma ke ʻano he ʻelua injections ma lalo o ka ʻili, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma kahi o 4 mau pule. ʻAʻole ia e hana i ka hopena ʻili like e like me ka lāʻau lapaʻau kuʻuna a ua manaʻo ʻia he palekana no ka poʻe i hiki ʻole ke loaʻa i nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi ola.

Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole paha e hāʻawi ʻo JYNNEOS i ka pae like o ka pale lōʻihi e like me ka lāʻau lapaʻau kuʻuna, a ua mālama nui ʻia no ka poʻe i pilikia nui akā ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa iā ACAM2000 me ka palekana.

No ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i pilikia i ka hōʻike ʻana i ka smallpox, ʻaʻohe pani maoli no ka lāʻau lapaʻau. He mea nui nā hana ʻē aʻe e like me ka pale ʻana i ka hōʻike ʻana a me ka hahai ʻana i nā protocol palekana akā ʻaʻole hiki ke pani i ka pale e hāʻawi ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau Smallpox ma mua o nā lāʻau antiviral?

Hāʻawi ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi puaʻa i ka pale ikaika a lōʻihi hoʻi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā lāʻau antiviral. ʻOiai aia kekahi mau lāʻau antiviral e kōkua ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi puaʻa inā loaʻa kekahi i ka maʻi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana ma o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Aia nā lāʻau antiviral e like me tecovirimat (TPOXX) ma ke ʻano he mau lapaʻau no ka maʻi puaʻa, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻāʻo ʻia i nā hihia maʻi puaʻa maoli mai ka wā i pau ʻole ai ka maʻi ma ke ʻano maoli. E hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau lāʻau inā loaʻa kekahi i ka maʻi puaʻa.

Hana ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi holoʻokoʻa, ʻoiai e kōkua wale nā lāʻau antiviral i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā hōʻailona a me nā pilikia ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kāu ʻōnaehana pale e hoʻōki i ka maʻi puaʻa ma mua o ka hiki ke maʻi iā ʻoe.

No ka poʻe i pilikia i ka hōʻike ʻana, ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka maʻamau gula no ka pale ʻana. He koho hoʻi nā lāʻau antiviral no ka mālama ʻana ma mua o ka pani ʻana i ka pale ʻana.

Nā Nīnau i Nīnau Pinepine ʻia e pili ana i ka Lāʻau Lapaʻau Maʻi Puaʻa

Q1. Palekana anei ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi puaʻa no ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes?

Hiki i ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes i mālama maikaʻi ʻia ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi puaʻa me ka palekana. Eia naʻe, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā pilikia e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes e pili ana i kāu ʻōnaehana pale a i ʻole ka hoʻōla ʻana i ka ʻili, pono i kāu kauka e loiloi i kāu kūlana pilikino me ka akahele.

ʻO ka hopohopo nui ʻo ia ka maʻi diabetes i kekahi manawa e lohi ai ka hoʻōla ʻana i ka ʻeha, kahi e pili ai i ke ʻano o ka hoʻōla ʻana o ka pūnaewele lāʻau lapaʻau. E noʻonoʻo kāu mea mālama ola i nā mea e like me kāu kaohi kōpaʻa koko a me nā pilikia e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes ma mua o ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻōlelo.

Q2. He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā hoʻohana hewa au i ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi puaʻa?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi puaʻa keu ma kou ʻili i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana lāʻau lapaʻau, mai hopohopo. E holoi koke i ka wahi me ke kopa a me ka wai, a laila e hoʻokaʻaʻike i kāu mea mālama ola no ke alakaʻi.

Hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke hana ma kahi i hou ʻia ai ka ʻili, no laila, ʻo ka loaʻa wale ʻana o ka wai lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka ʻili i hoʻopā ʻole ʻia, ʻaʻole ia he mea weliweli. Eia naʻe, pono ʻoe e nānā i ka wahi no nā hopena maʻamau ʻole a e hahai me kāu kauka e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia.

Q3. He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā ua hala wau i kahi mahele o ka lāʻau lapaʻau smallpox?

Mai ka wā i hāʻawi ʻia ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau smallpox ma ke ʻano he mahele hoʻokahi, ʻaʻole ʻoe e