He aha ka Bone Marrow Biopsy? Ke Kumu, ke Kaʻina Hana & Nā Hōʻike

ʻO ka bone marrow biopsy he hana lapaʻau kahi e wehe ai kāu kauka i kahi laʻana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo bone marrow e nānā ai ma lalo o ka microscope. Noho kēia ʻiʻo i loko o kou mau iwi a hana i nā cell koko a pau, me nā cell koko ʻulaʻula, nā cell koko keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelets. E noʻonoʻo e like me ka nānā ʻana i ka hale hana cell koko o kou kino e hoʻomaopopo i ka maikaʻi o kāna hana.

He aha ka bone marrow biopsy?

Hoʻopili ka bone marrow biopsy i ka lawe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo spongy i loko o kou mau iwi, maʻamau mai kou iwi pūhaka. ʻO kāu bone marrow e like me ka hale hana hana e hana mau ana i nā cell koko hou e pani i nā mea kahiko ma kou kino. Ke pono nā kauka e hoʻomaopopo i ke kumu e hiki ai i kāu helu koko ke ʻano ʻē a i ʻole e ʻike i kekahi mau maʻi, nānā lākou i kēia ʻiʻo.

ʻO ka maʻamau, lawe ka hana ma kahi o 30 mau minuke a hana ʻia ma ke ʻano he kipa outpatient. E moe ana ʻoe ma kou ʻaoʻao ʻoiai e hoʻohana ana kāu kauka i kahi nila kūikawā e unuhi i kahi laʻana liʻiliʻi mai ke kua o kou iwi pelvic. Hōʻike ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i ka hōʻoluʻolu e like me ke kaomi pōkole akā ikaika, e like me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau akā e mau ana no kekahi mau kekona.

No ke aha e hana ʻia ai ka bone marrow biopsy?

Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i ka bone marrow biopsy ke hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua koko i nā hopena maʻamau e pono ai ka noiʻi hou. ʻO ke kumu maʻamau e kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi koko, nā maʻi maʻi e pili ana i nā cell koko, a i ʻole e nānā i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau.

Eia nā kumu nui e hana ai nā kauka i kēia hoʻāʻo, a ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i ke kumu e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke mākaukau:

• Ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi koko e like me ka leukemia, lymphoma, a i ʻole multiple myeloma
• Ka noiʻi ʻana i ka anemia i wehewehe ʻole ʻia a i ʻole nā helu koko haʻahaʻa
• Ke nānā ʻana i nā maʻi e pili ana i ka iwi iwi
• Ke nānā ʻana i ka holomua o ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi koko
• Ka loiloi ʻana inā ua laha ka maʻi maʻi i ka iwi iwi
• Ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi iwi iwi laha ʻole e like me ka myelofibrosis

I kekahi manawa hoʻohana nā kauka i kēia hoʻokolohua e noiʻi i ke kuni o ke kumu ʻike ʻole ʻia a i ʻole nā ʻano kahe koko maʻamau ʻole. Hāʻawi ka biopsy iā lākou i ka ʻike kikoʻī ʻaʻole hiki i nā hoʻokolohua koko wale nō ke hāʻawi.

He aha ke kaʻina hana no ka biopsy iwi iwi?

Hana ʻia ke kaʻina hana biopsy iwi iwi i loko o ke keʻena o kāu kauka a i ʻole ka hale lapaʻau outpatient, a hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻi i ka home i ka lā like. E alakaʻi kāu hui mālama ola iā ʻoe ma kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu e hōʻoia i kou ʻoluʻolu a me ka ʻike i ke kaʻina hana.

Eia ka mea e hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana, i kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu:

1. E moe ʻoe ma kou ʻaoʻao a i ʻole ka ʻōpū ma luna o kahi papa hoʻokolokolo
2. E hoʻomaʻemaʻe kāu kauka i ka ʻili ma luna o kou iwi pūhaka me ka antiseptic
3. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka anesthetic kūloko e hoʻopōʻino loa i ka wahi
4. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi nila hakahaka ma kou ʻili i loko o ka iwi
5. Lawe mua ʻia ka wai iwi iwi (aspiration)
6. Wehe ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka iwi me ka iwi iwi (biopsy)
7. Hoʻohana ʻia ke kaomi e hoʻōki i ke kahe ʻana
8. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi bandage ma luna o ka pūnaewele

He mau minuke wale nō ka lawe ʻana i ka laʻana, ʻoiai paha e ʻike ʻoe i ke kaomi ke komo ka nila i ka iwi. ʻIke ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i ka manaʻo ʻaʻole ʻoluʻolu ma mua o ke kaʻina hana ponoʻī.

Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai no kāu biopsy iwi iwi?

He maʻalahi ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no kāu biopsy iwi iwi, a e hāʻawi kāu hui mālama ola iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī e pili ana i kāu mōʻaukala olakino. ʻO ka pahuhopu e hōʻoia i kou ʻoluʻolu e like me ka hiki a e holo pono ke kaʻina hana.

E noi paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hana i kēia mau hoʻomākaukau i nā lā ma mua o kāu biopsy:

• E hooki i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau hoʻohemo koko e like me ka aspirin a i ʻole warfarin inā kuhikuhi ʻia
• E hōʻike i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā mea hoʻohui āpau āu e lawe nei
• E ʻai i ka ʻai māmā ma mua o ke kaʻina hana ke ʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia
• E hoʻonohonoho i kekahi e hoʻokele iā ʻoe i ka home ma hope
• E ʻaʻahu i nā lole ʻoluʻolu a me nā lole ʻoluʻolu
• E lawe mai i kahi papa inoa o kāu mau lāʻau lapaʻau i kēia manawa

ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻokē ʻai ke ʻole kāu kauka e noi kikoʻī iā ʻoe. Manaʻo kekahi poʻe he mea kōkua ke lawe mai i nā headphone a i ʻole e nīnau inā hiki iā lākou ke hoʻolohe i ke mele i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana e kōkua iā lākou e hoʻomaha.

Pehea e heluhelu ai i kāu hopena biopsy iwi iwi?

E hoʻi mai kāu hopena biopsy iwi iwi ma kahi o hoʻokahi a ʻelua pule, no ka mea, pono ka ʻiʻo i ka manawa e hana ʻia a nānā pono ʻia e ka pathologist. E komo ka hōʻike i ka ʻike kikoʻī e pili ana i ke ʻano o kou iwi iwi, nā ʻano cell, a me nā mea i loaʻa ʻole.

Hōʻike maʻamau nā hopena maʻamau i ka iwi iwi olakino me ka hui kūpono o nā cell koko e ulu nei. E wehewehe kāu kauka i ke ʻano o nā mea i loaʻa no kāu kūlana kikoʻī, akā ma ke ʻano maʻamau, hōʻike nā hopena maʻamau e hana pono ana kou iwi iwi i nā cell koko a ʻaʻole hōʻike i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi kanesa a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe.

Hiki i nā hopena maʻamau ke hōʻike i kekahi mau kūlana like ʻole, a e hele kāu kauka iā ʻoe i nā mea a lākou i ʻike ai:

• He liʻiliʻi loa a i ʻole ka nui o kekahi mau ʻano cell
• Ke alo o nā cell abnormal a i ʻole cancerous
• Nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi a i ʻole ka mumū
• Ka ʻili a i ʻole fibrosis i loko o ka iwi iwi
• Hōʻike o nā abnormalities genetic i nā cell
• Hoʻokomo ʻia e nā cell maʻi kanesa mai nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino

E hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole nā hopena maʻamau e manaʻo mau ana i kahi mea koʻikoʻi. I kekahi manawa, hōʻoia wale lākou i ka mea i manaʻo mua ʻia e kāu kauka a kōkua i ke alakaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻolālā lapaʻau kūpono no ʻoe.

He aha nā mea pilikia no nā hopena biopsy iwi maʻamau?

Hiki i kekahi mau mea ke hoʻonui i kou hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena biopsy iwi maʻamau, ʻoiai ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau mea pilikia ʻaʻole ia e hōʻoiaʻiʻo e loaʻa iā ʻoe nā pilikia. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau mea hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe a me kāu kauka e hana i nā hoʻoholo i ka ʻike e pili ana i kou olakino.

ʻO ka makahiki kekahi o nā mea nui loa, no ka mea, loli maoli ka hana iwi i ka manawa. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka poʻe ma luna o 60 e hoʻomohala i nā maʻi koko, ʻoiai hiki ke loaʻa kēia mau maʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki. He kuleana nō hoʻi ka mōʻaukala ʻohana, ʻoiai no kekahi mau maʻi koko genetic.

ʻO nā mea pilikia ʻē aʻe e pili ana i kou olakino iwi iwi e pili ana:

• ʻO ka chemotherapy mua a i ʻole ka lapaʻau radiation
• Hōʻike ʻia i kekahi mau mea kemika e like me ka benzene
• Puhi i nā huahana paka
• Nā kūlana genetic
• Nā maʻi autoimmune
• Nā maʻi maʻi maʻi
• Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau i lawe ʻia no ka wā lōʻihi

Hiki i nā mea pili i ke kaiapuni a me nā koho ola ke hoʻopili i ke olakino iwi iwi, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka poʻe me nā mea pilikia nā pilikia. Ke noʻonoʻo nei kāu kauka i kēia mau mea a pau i ka wā e wehewehe ai i kāu mau hopena.

He aha nā pilikia hiki ke loaʻa i ka biopsy iwi iwi?

He palekana loa ka biopsy iwi iwi, akā e like me nā kaʻina hana lapaʻau, lawe ia i kekahi mau pilikia liʻiliʻi. He kakaikahi nā pilikia koʻikoʻi, e loaʻa ana ma lalo o 1% o nā kaʻina hana, akā ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i ka mea e nānā ai hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e mākaukau.

ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau he maʻalahi a he manawa pōkole, me ka ʻeha ma ka pūnaewele biopsy no kekahi mau lā. Hiki nō hoʻi iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kekahi mau ʻeha a i ʻole ke kahe koko liʻiliʻi kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka nila, he mea maʻamau loa a pono e hoʻoponopono i loko o hoʻokahi pule.

Eia nā pilikia e hiki ke ʻike ʻia, ʻoiai he mea maʻamau ʻole ka hapa nui:

• Maʻi ma kahi o ka biopsy
• Ke kahe nui ʻana o ke koko
• ʻEha a i ʻole ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole no ka manawa lōʻihi
• He maʻi maʻi i ka lāʻau anesthetic kūloko
• Poino i nā mea kokoke (ʻaʻole maʻamau)
• Hāʻule i ka wā a i ʻole ma hope o ke kaʻina hana

E nānā kāu hui mālama ola iā ʻoe ma hope o ke kaʻina hana a hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo maopopo e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka pūnaewele biopsy. Hoʻi ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i nā hana maʻamau i loko o hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā.

I ka manawa hea e ʻike ai au i ke kauka ma hope o ka biopsy iwi iwi?

Pono ʻoe e hoʻokaʻaʻike i kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona e pili ana ma hope o kāu biopsy iwi iwi. ʻOiai e ola ana ka hapa nui o nā kānaka me ka ʻole o nā pilikia, he mea nui e ʻike i ka manawa e ʻimi ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

E kelepona koke i kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi a i ʻole nā pilikia ʻē aʻe:

• ʻO ke kuni ma luna o 101°F (38.3°C)
• Ke piʻi nei ka ʻeha ʻaʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi me ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻeha ma luna o ka counter
• Ke kahe nui ʻana o ke koko a i ʻole ka wai mai ka pūnaewele biopsy
• ʻUlaʻula, mehana, a i ʻole ka pehu a puni ka wahi
• Pus a i ʻole ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka ʻala
• ʻO ka nausea a i ʻole ka luaʻi mau

Pono ʻoe e hoʻopili inā he nīnau kāu e pili ana i kāu mau hopena a i ʻole pono e wehewehe e pili ana i kāu hoʻolālā lapaʻau. Makemake kāu hui mālama ola iā ʻoe e ʻike a ʻoluʻolu i kēia kaʻina hana.

Nā nīnau i nīnau pinepine ʻia e pili ana i ka biopsy iwi iwi

Q.1 He maikaʻi anei ka hoʻāʻo biopsy iwi iwi no ka ʻike ʻana i ka leukemia?

ʻAe, ʻo ka biopsy iwi iwi kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua nui loa no ka ʻike ʻana i ka leukemia. Hāʻawi ia i nā kauka e ʻike i nā cella maʻi maoli i loko o kou iwi iwi a hoʻoholo i ke ʻano kikoʻī o ka leukemia i loaʻa iā ʻoe. Hiki i nā hoʻokolohua koko ke hōʻike i ka leukemia, akā hōʻoia ka biopsy i ka ʻike a kōkua i kāu kauka e hoʻolālā i ke ala lapaʻau maikaʻi loa.

Hōʻike pū ka biopsy i ka pākēneka o kou iwi iwi e loaʻa ana nā pūnaewele maʻi 'aʻai, e kōkua ana i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke kahua a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi. He mea nui kēia ʻike no ke koho ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono a me ka wānana ʻana i ka maikaʻi o kou pane ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Q.2 Ua ʻeha nui ka biopsy iwi iwi ma mua o nā kaʻina hana ʻē aʻe?

Hōʻike ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i ka biopsy iwi iwi he mea ʻoluʻolu ʻole akā hiki ke ʻae ʻia, e like me nā kaʻina hana liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe e like me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pana a i ʻole ka huki ʻana i ke koko. Hoʻopōpō ka anesthetic kūloko i ka ʻili a me ka ʻiʻo o ka ʻili, no laila ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i ka ʻeha nui i ka hapa nui o ke kaʻina hana.

ʻO ka manawa e komo ai ka nila i ka iwi e hiki ke hoʻoulu i ke kaomi pōkole a ikaika e mau ana no kekahi mau kekona. Nui ka poʻe maʻi e ʻōlelo ana ʻoi aku ka ʻino o ka manaʻo ma mua o ke kaʻina hana maoli, a hiki ke mālama ʻia ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole me ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻeha a kāu kauka e hāʻawi ai.

Q.3 Pehea ka pololei o nā hopena biopsy iwi iwi?

He pololei loa nā hopena biopsy iwi iwi ke hana ʻia a unuhi ʻia e nā poʻe loea mālama ola kino i ʻike ʻia. Nānā pololei ka hoʻokolohua i kāu ʻiʻo iwi iwi, e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻike maopopo e pili ana i nā ʻano cell, ke ʻano, a me nā mea ʻino i loaʻa.

Eia naʻe, e like me kekahi hoʻokolohua lapaʻau, aia kahi manawa liʻiliʻi o nā hopena wahaheʻe ma muli o nā kumu ʻenehana a i ʻole ka laʻana ʻana mai kahi wahi ʻaʻole e hōʻike i ka iwi iwi holoʻokoʻa. Noʻonoʻo kāu kauka i nā hopena biopsy me nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe a me kāu mau hōʻailona e hana i ka hōʻailona pololei loa.

Q.4 Hiki iaʻu ke hoʻoikaika kino ma hope o ka biopsy iwi iwi?

Pono ʻoe e pale i ka hoʻoikaika kino ikaika no ka liʻiliʻi o 24 mau hola ma hope o kāu biopsy iwi iwi e ʻae i ka pūnaewele biopsy e hoʻōla pono. Maikaʻi nā hana māmā e like me ka hele wāwae, akā e pale i ka hāpai kaumaha, ka holo ʻana, a i ʻole nā hana e hiki ke kau i ke kaomi ma ka pūnaewele biopsy.

Hāʻawi kāu kauka iā ʻoe i nā palena hana kikoʻī e pili ana i kou kūlana, akā hiki i ka hapa nui o nā kānaka ke hoʻi i ka hoʻoikaika kino maʻamau i loko o kekahi mau lā. E hoʻolohe i kou kino a hoʻonui mālie i ka hana ke ʻoluʻolu ʻoe.

Q.5 He aha ka mea e hana ai inā hōʻike ka biopsy iwi iwi i ka maʻi ʻaʻai?

Inā hōʻike ka biopsy iwi iwi i ka maʻi ʻaʻai, e hana kāu kauka me ʻoe e hoʻomohala i kahi hoʻolālā lapaʻau piha i kūpono i kāu hōʻailona kikoʻī. ʻO ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, kona pae, a me kou olakino holoʻokoʻa e pili ana i kāu mau koho lapaʻau.

E wehewehe maopopo kāu hui mālama ola i kāu hōʻailona, ​​kūkākūkā i nā koho lapaʻau, a hoʻopili iā ʻoe me nā loea e kālele ana i kāu ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai. E hoʻomanaʻo he nui nā maʻi ʻaʻai koko e hiki ke mālama ʻia, ʻoiai ke hopu ʻia i ka wā mua, a ke hoʻomau nei nā koho lapaʻau e hoʻomaikaʻi me nā holomua i ka noiʻi lapaʻau.