He aha ka ʻokiʻoki umauma? Ke Kumu, ke Kaʻina Hana & nā Hōʻike

ʻO ka ʻokiʻoki umauma he hana lapaʻau kahi e wehe ai nā kauka i kahi laʻana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo umauma e nānā ai ma lalo o ka microscope. Kōkua kēia hoʻokolohua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana inā loaʻa i kahi wahi hopohopo i kou umauma nā pūnaewele maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole he maikaʻi (ʻaʻole maʻi ʻaʻai). E noʻonoʻo e like me ka hāʻawi ʻana i kāu hui lapaʻau i ke kiʻi maopopo loa o ka mea e hana nei i loko o kou ʻiʻo umauma i hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka mālama maikaʻi loa.

He aha ka ʻokiʻoki umauma?

ʻO ka ʻokiʻoki umauma e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo umauma mai kahi wahi i ʻike ʻole ʻia ma nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi a i ʻole e ʻokoʻa ana i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo. A laila, hoʻouna ʻia ka laʻana ʻiʻo i kahi hale hana kahi e nānā pono ai nā loea i kapa ʻia he pathologists ma lalo o nā microscopes ikaika. Hiki i kēia hoʻokolokolo ke haʻi maopopo inā he maʻamau, maikaʻi, a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai nā pūnaewele.

Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i ka biopsy ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi mea i ka wā o ka mammogram, ultrasound, MRI, a i ʻole ka hoʻokolokolo kino. ʻO ka pahuhopu ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pane ma mua o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka mea e loaʻa ana ma laila. Hōʻike ka hapa nui o nā ʻokiʻoki umauma i nā hopena maikaʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻohe maʻi ʻaʻai.

No ke aha e hana ʻia ai ka ʻokiʻoki umauma?

Manaʻo nā kauka i nā ʻokiʻoki umauma ke ʻike lākou i kekahi mea e pono ai ka nānā ʻana. Hiki i kēia ke lilo i puʻupuʻu i manaʻo ʻia e ʻoe a i ʻole kāu kauka, kahi wahi ʻano ʻē ma ke kiʻi ʻana, a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻololi ʻana i kou ʻiʻo umauma. Kōkua ka biopsy i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana ma waena o nā loli maikaʻi ʻole a me nā mea e pono ai ka mālama ʻana.

Eia nā kumu nui e hiki ai i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo i ka ʻokiʻoki umauma:

• He puʻupuʻu a i ʻole ka mānoanoa i kou umauma e ʻokoʻa ana mai ka ʻiʻo a puni
• Nā loli i ka ʻili umauma, e like me ka dimpling, puckering, a i ʻole ka ʻulaʻula
• Hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka nipple i ke koko a i ʻole ka mea maʻamau iā ʻoe
• Nā wahi kānalua i loaʻa ma nā mammograms, ultrasounds, a i ʻole MRI scans
• ʻEha umauma i kaupalena ʻia i hoʻokahi wahi kikoʻī
• Nā loli i ke ʻano a i ʻole ka nui o ka umauma e hopohopo ai ʻoe a i ʻole kāu kauka

E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻo ka pono e hana i ka biopsy ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he maʻi ʻoe. Nui nā biopsies e hōʻike ana i nā maʻi maikaʻi e like me nā cysts, fibroadenomas, a i ʻole nā loli ʻiʻo maʻamau. Hāʻawi wale ka hoʻokolohua i kāu hui lapaʻau i ka ʻike e pono ai lākou e kōkua iā ʻoe.

He aha ke kaʻina hana no ka biopsy umauma?

Aia ke kaʻina hana biopsy umauma i ke ʻano i ʻōlelo ʻia e kāu kauka, akā hana ʻia ka hapa nui ma ke ʻano he kaʻina hana outpatient. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻi i ka home i ka lā hoʻokahi. ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau e pili ana i nā biopsies nila, e hoʻohana ana i nā nila lahilahi e hōʻiliʻili i nā laʻana ʻiʻo, a me nā biopsies ʻoki, e pili ana i ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi.

Eia ka mea e hana maʻamau i ka wā o ke ʻano maʻamau, kahi biopsy nila kumu:

1. E moe ʻoe ma kou ʻaoʻao a i ʻole e noho i luna, ma muli o kahi o ka wahi e hana ʻia ana ka biopsy
2. E hoʻomaʻemaʻe ke kauka i ka wahi a hoʻopili i ka anesthesia kūloko e hoʻopōʻino i kou umauma
3. Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ultrasound a i ʻole ke alakaʻi mammography, e hoʻokomo lākou i kahi nila hakahaka i ka wahi kānalua
4. Hōʻiliʻili ka nila i kekahi mau laʻana ʻiʻo liʻiliʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke lohe e like me nā leo kaomi
5. Hiki ke waiho ʻia kahi clip marker liʻiliʻi ma ka pūnaewele biopsy no ka ʻike e hiki mai ana
6. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka wahi a hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a e loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōlelo aʻo ma hope o ka mālama

ʻO ka hana holoʻokoʻa maʻamau e lawe i 30 a 60 mau minuke, ʻoiai ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka ʻiʻo maoli e lawe wale i kekahi mau minuke. Hōʻike ka hapa nui o nā wahine i ka ʻoluʻolu e like me ka loaʻa ʻana o ke koko a i ʻole ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai no kāu biopsy umauma?

ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no kāu biopsy umauma e kōkua i ka hōʻoia ʻana e hele maʻalahi ke kaʻina hana a ʻoluʻolu ʻoe e like me ka hiki. E hāʻawi ke keʻena o kāu kauka iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī, akā hiki i kekahi mau hoʻomākaukau maʻamau ke kōkua iā ʻoe e manaʻoʻiʻo i ka hele ʻana i ke kaʻina hana.

Eia nā ʻanuʻu hoʻomākaukau nui e hoʻomanaʻo:

• E haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a pau āu e lawe nei, ʻoiai nā mea e lahilahi ai ke koko e like me ka aspirin a i ʻole warfarin
• E pale i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka deodorant, ka pauka, a i ʻole ka lotion ma kou umauma a me nā lima i ka lā o ke kaʻina hana
• E ʻaʻahu i ka bra kākoʻo ʻoluʻolu a kūpono e wehe ana ma mua
• E hoʻonohonoho i kekahi e hoʻokele iā ʻoe i ka home, ʻoiai inā e loaʻa iā ʻoe ka sedation
• E hoʻolālā e lawe i ke koena o ka lā mai ka hana e hoʻomaha a ola
• E ʻai i ka ʻai māmā ma mua o ke kaʻina hana ke ʻole i kuhikuhi ʻia

He mea maʻamau ka manaʻo hopohopo ma mua o ka biopsy. E noʻonoʻo e lawe mai i kahi hoaaloha a i ʻole ʻohana hilinaʻi no ke kākoʻo, a mai kānalua e nīnau i kāu hui lapaʻau i nā nīnau āu e pili ana i ke kaʻina hana.

Pehea e heluhelu ai i nā hopena biopsy umauma?

E mākaukau ana kāu hopena biopsy umauma i loko o kekahi mau lā a i hoʻokahi pule ma hope o ke kaʻina hana. Nānā ka pathologist i kāu laʻana ʻiʻo a hana i kahi hōʻike kikoʻī e loiloi ai kāu kauka me ʻoe. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke ʻano o kēia mau hopena hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e mākaukau no kāu manawa e hiki mai ana.

Hāʻule nā hopena biopsy i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana nui. ʻO nā hopena maikaʻi ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā sela maʻi, a hōʻike ka ʻiʻo i nā loli maʻamau a i ʻole nā loli ʻole e like me nā cysts a i ʻole fibroadenomas. Hōʻike nā hopena pilikia kiʻekiʻe i nā sela ʻaʻole maʻi akā hiki ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi umauma i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻO nā hopena malignant ke ʻano i ʻike ʻia nā sela maʻi.

Inā hōʻike kāu mau hopena i ka maʻi, e komo ka hōʻike i nā kikoʻī hou e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi, pehea ka ikaika o ia mea, a inā he mau mea hoʻokipa hormone. Kōkua kēia ʻike i kāu hui lapaʻau e hoʻomohala i ka hoʻolālā lapaʻau maikaʻi loa no kāu kūlana kikoʻī. E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻoiai nā hōʻailona maʻi i kēia lā he nui nā koho lapaʻau kūleʻa.

He aha nā mea pilikia no ka pono o ka biopsy umauma?

Nui nā mea e hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hiki ʻana iā ʻoe ke pono i ka biopsy umauma i kekahi manawa o kou ola. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau mea pilikia hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e noho i ka ʻike e pili ana i kou olakino umauma a mālama i nā papa hana screening maʻamau me kāu mea mālama ola.

ʻO nā mea pilikia maʻamau e komo pū ana:

• ʻOi aku ka makahiki ma mua o 40, i ka wā e loli ai ka ʻiʻo umauma a piʻi maoli ka pilikia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai
• ʻO ka mōʻaukala ʻohana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā ʻohana pili
• ʻO ka mōʻaukala pilikino o nā pilikia umauma, me nā biopsies mua a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma
• ʻO ka ʻiʻo umauma paʻa, hiki ke paʻakikī i ka heluhelu ʻana i nā mammograms
• Nā loli genetic e like me BRCA1 a i ʻole BRCA2
• ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau radiation mua i ka wahi umauma
• ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻololi hormone a i ʻole kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau fertility
• ʻAʻole i loaʻa nā keiki a i ʻole ka loaʻa ʻana o kāu keiki mua ma hope o ka makahiki 30

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau mea pilikia ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e pono maoli ʻoe i ka biopsy, akā e hōʻike ana lākou i ke koʻikoʻi o nā hoʻokolokolo umauma maʻamau a me ka hahai ʻana i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo screening a kāu kauka. Nui nā wahine me nā mea pilikia he nui ʻaʻole pono i ka biopsy, ʻoiai ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe me ka ʻole o nā mea pilikia i ʻike ʻia e pono paha i hoʻokahi.

He aha nā pilikia hiki ke loaʻa i ka biopsy umauma?

He palekana loa nā biopsies umauma me nā helu pilikia haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā wahine e ʻike wale i ka ʻoluʻolu māmā a hoʻi i nā hana maʻamau i loko o kekahi mau lā. Eia naʻe, e like me nā kaʻina hana lapaʻau, aia kekahi mau pilikia e hiki ke ʻike.

ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau āu e ʻike ai e komo pū ana:

• ʻO ka ʻeha a me ka pehu a puni ka pūnaewele biopsy, e hoʻoponopono maʻamau i loko o hoʻokahi pule
• ʻO ka ʻeha māmā a i ʻole ka ʻoluʻolu e pane maikaʻi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻeha ma luna o ka counter
• He liʻiliʻi ke koko a i ʻole ka wai maopopo mai ka pūnaewele biopsy
• Nā loli manawa i ke ʻano o ka umauma inā ua wehe ʻia ka ʻiʻo nui

He pinepine ʻole nā pilikia nui, akā hiki ke komo i ka maʻi ma kahi o ka biopsy, ke kahe nui ʻana o ke koko, a i ʻole nā hopena maʻi i ka anesthesia. He liʻiliʻi kēia mau pilikia, ma lalo o 1% o nā biopsies umauma. E nānā pono kāu hui lapaʻau iā ʻoe a hāʻawi i nā ʻōlelo aʻo maopopo i ka wā e hoʻokaʻaʻike aku ai iā lākou inā he hopohopo kāu.

I ka wā e ʻike ai au i ke kauka no ka nānā ʻana ma hope o ka biopsy umauma?

Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka hapa nui o nā manawa nānā ma hope o ka biopsy umauma i loko o hoʻokahi pule o kāu kaʻina hana, akā pono ʻoe e hoʻokaʻaʻike i kāu kauka ma mua inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e hopohopo nei. Makemake kāu hui lapaʻau e hōʻoia e ola pono ana ʻoe a e kūkākūkā i kāu mau hopena i ka wā e loaʻa ai.

Pono ʻoe e kelepona koke i kāu kauka inā ʻike ʻoe:

• Nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi e like me ka ʻulaʻula e piʻi nei, ka mahana, a i ʻole ka ʻōpū ma kahi o ka biopsy
• Ka wela ma luna o 101°F (38.3°C) i loko o nā lā mua ma hope o ke kaʻina hana
• Ke kahe ʻana o ke koko ʻaʻole e pau me ke kaomi mālie
• ʻEha nui ʻaʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi me ka lāʻau ʻeha i kuhikuhi ʻia
• Ka pehu ʻana ʻano ʻē e ʻike ʻia e ʻinoʻino ana ma mua o ka maikaʻi

He mea nui kāu manawa nānā ma hope i hoʻonohonoho ʻia no ka loiloi ʻana i kāu mau hopena a me ke kūkākūkā ʻana i nā hana aʻe. Inā hōʻike kāu mau hopena i nā mea maikaʻi, e ʻōlelo paha kāu kauka e hoʻi i kāu papa hana screening maʻamau. Inā pono ka loiloi hou a i ʻole ka mālama ʻana, e kōkua lākou iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i kāu mau koho a e hoʻopili iā ʻoe me nā loea kūpono.

Nā nīnau i nīnau pinepine ʻia e pili ana i ka biopsy umauma

Q.1 He mea maikaʻi anei ka hoʻāʻo biopsy umauma no ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi umauma?

ʻAe, manaʻo ʻia ka biopsy umauma ke kūlana gula no ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi umauma. ʻO ia ke ala pololei loa e hoʻoholo ai inā loaʻa i ka ʻiʻo umauma kānalua nā cell cancer. ʻAʻole like me nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi e hiki ke hōʻike wale i nā wahi e hopohopo nei, hāʻawi ka biopsy i nā pane maopopo ma ka ʻae ʻana i nā pathologists e nānā i nā cell maoli ma lalo o ka microscope.

Ma mua o 95% ka pololei o nā biopsy umauma i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana ma waena o ka ʻiʻo maʻi a me ka ʻiʻo ʻaʻole maʻi. ʻO kēia helu pololei kiʻekiʻe ke manaʻo nei hiki iā ʻoe ke hilinaʻi i nā hopena e alakaʻi i kāu mau hoʻoholo lapaʻau. Inā loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai, hāʻawi pū ka biopsy i ka ʻike nui e pili ana i ke ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai a me nā ʻano e kōkua ai i nā kauka e hoʻolālā i ke ala lapaʻau kūpono loa.

Q.2 Hoʻonui anei ka loaʻa ʻana o ka biopsy umauma i ka pilikia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai?

ʻAʻole, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o ka biopsy umauma ʻaʻole ia e hoʻonui i kou pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma. He hopohopo maʻamau kēia, akā ua hōʻike mau ka noiʻi ʻepekema ʻaʻole i hana ke kaʻina hana biopsy i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole e hoʻolaha i ka maʻi ʻaʻai e kū nei. ʻAʻole pili ka nui o ka ʻiʻo i lawe ʻia i ka wā o ka biopsy i kou olakino umauma holoʻokoʻa a i ʻole ka pilikia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hopohopo kekahi poʻe e hiki i ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i ka ʻiʻo ke hoʻolaha i nā cell maʻi ʻaʻai, akā ʻaʻole kēia ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Inā loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai, aia mua ia me ka nānā ʻole i ka biopsy. Kōkua wale ke kaʻina hana i nā kauka e ʻike iā ia i hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i ka lāʻau kūpono i ka hiki wawe.

Q.3 Pehea ka ʻeha o ke kaʻina hana biopsy umauma?

ʻIke ka hapa nui o nā wahine i nā biopsy umauma i ka ʻeha ʻole ma mua o kā lākou i manaʻo ai. ʻO ke kaʻina hana e like me ka loaʻa ʻana o ke koko a i ʻole ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. E loaʻa iā ʻoe ka anesthesia kūloko e hoʻopōpō i ka wahi, no laila ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e ʻeha nui i ka wā o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka ʻiʻo.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kekahi kaomi a i ʻole ka hōʻoluʻolu māmā i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana, a me kekahi ʻeha ma hope e like me ka ʻeha. Hiki i ka hapa nui o nā wahine ke mālama i kekahi hōʻoluʻolu ma hope o ke kaʻina hana me nā mea hōʻoluʻolu ʻeha ma luna o ka counter e like me ka ibuprofen a i ʻole acetaminophen. ʻO ka hōʻoluʻolu e pau maʻamau i loko o kekahi mau lā.

Q.4 Hiki iaʻu ke hoʻoikaika kino ma hope o ka biopsy umauma?

Pono ʻoe e pale i ka hoʻoikaika kino ikaika a me ka hāpai ʻana i nā mea kaumaha no kahi pule ma hope o kāu biopsy umauma e ʻae i ka hoʻōla pono. He maikaʻi nā hana māmā e like me ka hele wāwae a hiki ke kōkua i ke kahe a me ka hoʻōla. E hāʻawi kāu kauka iā ʻoe i nā palena hana kikoʻī e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka biopsy āu i loaʻa ai.

Ma keʻano maʻamau, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻi i nā hana maʻamau me ka hoʻoikaika kino ke pau ka ʻeha a me ka palupalu, maʻamau i loko o 7-10 mau lā. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi biopsy ʻoki nui, pono paha ʻoe e kali iki ma mua o ka hoʻomau ʻana i nā hana piha. E hahai mau i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo kikoʻī a kāu kauka no kāu kūlana.

Q.5 Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka lawe ʻana o nā hopena biopsy umauma?

ʻO ka maʻamau, lawe ʻia nā hopena biopsy umauma i 2-5 mau lā ʻoihana, ʻoiai hiki i kekahi mau hihia paʻakikī ke lawe i hoʻokahi pule. Aia ka manawa ma ke ʻano o nā hoʻokolohua e pono ai ka pathologist e hana ma kāu laʻana ʻiʻo. Hāʻawi ka hoʻokolokolo maʻamau i nā hopena wikiwiki, ʻoiai ʻo nā hoʻokolohua hou e like me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka mea hoʻokipa hormone e lōʻihi paha.

E kelepona maʻamau ke keʻena o kāu kauka iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā hopena, a i ʻole e loaʻa iā ʻoe ma o ka portal maʻi pūnaewele. Mai hopohopo inā he mau lā - he mea maʻamau kēia manawa kali a ʻaʻole ia e hōʻike i kekahi mea e pili ana i kāu hopena. Ke lawe nei ka pathologist i ka manawa e pono ai e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka ʻike pololei loa.