He aha ka Bronchoscopy? Ke Kumu, ke Kaʻina Hana & Nā Hōʻike

ʻO ka Bronchoscopy kahi hana lapaʻau e hiki ai i nā kauka ke nānā pono i loko o kou mau ala ea a me nā māmā me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi paipu lahilahi a maʻalahi me kahi kamera. E noʻonoʻo iā ia he ala no kāu kauka e lawe i kahi huakaʻi alakaʻi ma waena o kāu mau ala hanu e ʻike i ka mea e hana nei i loko.

Kōkua kēia hana i nā kauka e ʻike i nā pilikia o ka māmā, e lawe i nā laʻana ʻiʻo, a i ʻole e mālama i kekahi mau maʻi. ʻOiai ʻo ka manaʻo o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o kahi paipu i loko o kou mau māmā e manaʻo nui paha, ʻo ka bronchoscopy kahi hana maʻamau i hana ʻia me ka palekana i nā tausani o nā manawa i kēlā me kēia lā ma nā haukapila a puni ka honua.

He aha ka bronchoscopy?

Hoʻohana ka Bronchoscopy i kahi mea hana kūikawā i kapa ʻia he bronchoscope e nānā i kou mau ala ea. ʻO ka bronchoscope he paipu lahilahi a maʻalahi, ma kahi o ka laulā o kahi penikala i loaʻa kahi kamera liʻiliʻi a me ke kukui ma ka piko.

Ke alakaʻi mālie nei kāu kauka i kēia paipu ma kou ihu a i ʻole ka waha, i lalo i kou ʻāʻī, a i loko o nā ala hanu nui o kou mau māmā i kapa ʻia ʻo bronchi. Hoʻouna ka kamera i nā kiʻi manawa maoli i kahi monitor, e ʻae ana i kāu kauka e ʻike maopopo i loko o kou mau ala ea.

Aia ʻelua ʻano bronchoscopy nui. Hoʻohana ka bronchoscopy maʻalahi i kahi paipu hiki ke kulou a ʻo ia ke ʻano maʻamau, ʻoiai ʻo ka bronchoscopy paʻa e hoʻohana i kahi paipu metala pololei a mālama ʻia no nā hana therapeutic kikoʻī.

No ke aha e hana ʻia ai ka bronchoscopy?

Paipai nā kauka i ka bronchoscopy ke pono lākou e noiʻi i nā pilikia hanu a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona māmā i wehewehe ʻole ʻia e nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe. He mea kōkua nui ia no ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi e pili ana i nā ala ea a me ka ʻiʻo māmā.

Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo i kēia kaʻina hana inā he maʻi mau kāu e hele ʻole ai, ʻoiai inā e ʻu ana ʻoe i ke koko a i ʻole nā ​​mea nui o ka mucus. Hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi ke hōʻike nā X-ray umauma a i ʻole nā ​​CT scan i nā wahi kānalua e pono ai ka nānā pono.

Hiki i ka bronchoscopy ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi like ʻole, a ʻo ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau mea hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e mākaukau no kāu kaʻina hana:

• Nā maʻi o ka māmā, me ka pneumonia a i ʻole ka maʻi tuberculosis
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka māmā a i ʻole nā ʻōpū ʻē aʻe i loko o nā ala ea
• Nā maʻi mumū e like me ka sarcoidosis
• Ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā ala ea (stenosis)
• Nā mea ʻē i paʻa i loko o nā māmā
• Ka ʻōpala ʻana o ka māmā a i ʻole ka fibrosis i wehewehe ʻole ʻia

Ma waho aʻe o ka ʻike ʻana, hiki i ka bronchoscopy ke mālama i kekahi mau maʻi. Hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻohana iā ia e wehe i nā plugs mucus, e hoʻōki i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i loko o nā ala ea, a i ʻole e kau i nā stents e mālama i nā ala ea e hāmama.

He aha ke kaʻina hana no ka bronchoscopy?

ʻO ka bronchoscopy kaʻina hana maʻamau he 30 a 60 mau minuke a hana pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano he kaʻina hana outpatient. E loaʻa paha iā ʻoe ka sedation ʻike, ʻo ia hoʻi e hoʻomaha a hiamoe ʻoe akā hiki nō ke hanu iā ʻoe iho.

Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kaʻina hana, e hoʻopili kāu hui lapaʻau i kahi spray anesthetic kūloko e hoʻopōpō i kou ʻāʻī a me nā ala ihu. Kōkua kēia i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻoluʻolu i ka wā e hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka bronchoscope a hoʻemi i kāu gag reflex maoli.

Eia ka mea e hana ʻia i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana, i kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu:

1. E moe ʻoe ma kou kua a i ʻole ʻaoʻao ma luna o kahi papa hoʻokolokolo
2. E hoʻokomo mālie kāu kauka i ka bronchoscope ma kou ihu a i ʻole ka waha
3. E neʻe mālie ka scope i lalo i kou ʻāʻī a i loko o kou mau ala ea
4. E nānā kāu kauka i nā ala ea a hiki ke lawe i nā laʻana ʻiʻo inā pono
5. Wehe ʻia ka bronchoscope me ka mālama

I ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ke kaomi a i ʻole ka ʻoluʻolu iki, akā ʻike ka hapa nui o nā kānaka he mea hiki ke ʻae ʻia ma mua o kā lākou i manaʻo ai. Kōkua ka sedation iā ʻoe e hōʻoluʻolu i ke kaʻina hana.

Inā pono i kāu kauka e lawe i nā laʻana ʻiʻo (i kapa ʻia he biopsy), e hoʻohana lākou i nā mea hana liʻiliʻi i hala ma ka bronchoscope. ʻAʻole ʻoe e ʻike i kēia ʻāpana o ke kaʻina hana ma muli o ka anesthetic kūloko.

Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai no kāu bronchoscopy?

ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau kūpono e kōkua i ka hōʻoia ʻana e holo mālie a palekana kāu bronchoscopy. E hāʻawi kāu kauka iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī, akā aia kekahi mau alakaʻi maʻamau e pili ana i ka hapa nui o nā maʻi.

Pono ʻoe e hooki i ka ʻai a me ka inu ʻana no ka liʻiliʻi o 8 mau hola ma mua o kāu kaʻina hana. He mea nui kēia manawa hoʻokēʻai no ka mea e hōʻemi ana i ka pilikia o nā pilikia inā ʻoe e luaʻi i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana.

E hōʻike i kāu kauka i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a pau āu e lawe nei, ʻoiai nā mea hoʻoheheʻe koko e like me ka warfarin a i ʻole aspirin. Pono paha ʻoe e hooki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau i kekahi mau lā ma mua o ke kaʻina hana e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ke kahe ʻana.

Aia kekahi mau ʻanuʻu hoʻomākaukau koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe e hoʻomanaʻo:

• E hoʻonohonoho i kekahi e hoʻokele iā ʻoe i ka home ma hope o ke kaʻina hana
• E ʻaʻahu i nā lole ʻoluʻolu a me nā lole ʻoluʻolu
• Wehe i nā mea nani, nā niho, a me nā aniani
• E haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā maʻi maʻi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau
• E haʻi i kāu kauka inā he pilikia kou puʻuwai a i ʻole e lawe i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe koko

Inā ʻoe e hopohopo nei e pili ana i ke kaʻina hana, he mea maʻamau kēia. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i kāu mau hopohopo, a hiki iā lākou ke kōkua i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kou hopohopo a hiki ke kuhikuhi i ka lāʻau anti-anxiety inā pono.

Pehea e heluhelu ai i kāu hopena bronchoscopy?

E loaʻa ana kāu hopena bronchoscopy i loko o kekahi mau lā a i hoʻokahi pule ma hope o kāu kaʻina hana. Aia ka manawa i ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā laʻana ʻiʻo a me nā ʻano hoʻokolohua e pono ai.

Inā ua hana kāu kauka i kahi hoʻokolokolo ʻike wale nō, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā hopena mua ma hope koke o ke kaʻina hana. Eia naʻe, inā ua lawe ʻia nā biopsies, pono e nānā ʻia kēia mau laʻana i loko o kahi hale hana, e lawe ana i ka manawa hou.

ʻO nā hopena bronchoscopy maʻamau ke ʻano he olakino a maopopo kou mau ala ea. Pono e ʻulaʻula, maʻemaʻe, a me ka ʻole o nā ulu, ka mumū, a i ʻole nā ​​poloka.

Hōʻike paha nā hopena maʻamau i nā mea like ʻole, a e wehewehe kāu kauka i ke ʻano o kēia mau mea no kou kūlana kikoʻī:

• Hoʻāhu a i ʻole ka pehu ʻana i nā ala ea
• Nā ulu ʻokoʻa a i ʻole nā ʻōpū
• Ka ʻōpū a i ʻole ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā ala ea
• Nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi
• Ke kahe ʻana o ke koko a i ʻole nā ʻiʻo i hōʻino ʻia
• Nā mea ʻē a i ʻole nā plug mucus

E hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi mea maʻamau ke ʻano he maʻi koʻikoʻi kou. Nui nā mea i loaʻa i ka bronchoscopy hiki ke mālama ʻia, a e hana kāu kauka me ʻoe e hoʻomohala i ka hoʻolālā lapaʻau maikaʻi loa e pili ana i kāu mau hopena kikoʻī.

He aha nā mea pilikia no ka pono o ka bronchoscopy?

Hoʻonui kekahi mau mea i kou hiki ke pono i kahi kaʻina bronchoscopy. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau mea pilikia hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike i ka wā e paipai ʻia ai kēia kaʻina hana no ʻoe.

ʻO ka puhi ʻana i ka paka ka mea pilikia nui loa no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pilikia o ka māmā e koi ai i ka bronchoscopy. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā mea puhi paka i kēia manawa a me nā mea puhi paka ma mua e hoʻomohala i nā maʻi māmā e pono ai ka nānā ʻana i nā ala ea.

He hana nui ka mōʻaukala o kāu hana i ke olakino o kou māmā. ʻO nā poʻe e hana nei a i hana paha i kekahi mau ʻoihana e kū ana i nā pilikia kiʻekiʻe ma muli o ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea ʻino.

Hiki i kekahi mau mea hana a me nā mea pili i ke kaiapuni ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia:

• ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ka asbestos mai ke kūkulu ʻana a i ʻole ka hana moku
• ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ka lepo lanahu i nā hana mining
• Nā mahu kemika mai ka hana ʻana a i ʻole ka pena
• Ka ʻike lōʻihi ʻana i ka pollution ea
• Ka hana ʻana me ka lepo silica a i ʻole nā ʻāpana ʻoihana ʻē aʻe

He mea nui nō hoʻi ka makahiki, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o nā pilikia o ka māmā i ko mākou ʻelemakule ʻana. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā bronchoscopies i hana ʻia ma luna o 50 mau makahiki, ʻoiai hiki ke pono ke kaʻina hana i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

Ma muli o ka moʻolelo o ka maʻi māmā i loko o ka ʻohana, ʻo ka maʻi maʻi māmā paha, hiki ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia o ka pono i ka bronchoscopy. Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i ka nānā mua a i ʻole ka pinepine inā he moʻolelo ʻohana ikaika kāu.

He aha nā pilikia e hiki ke loaʻa mai ka bronchoscopy?

He hana palekana ka bronchoscopy, akā e like me nā hana lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, loaʻa nō kekahi mau pilikia. ʻAʻole loaʻa nā pilikia i ka hapa nui o nā kānaka, a he kakaikahi nā pilikia koʻikoʻi.

He maʻalahi a he manawa pōkole nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka ʻeha o ka ʻāʻī, ka ʻū, a i ʻole ka ʻāʻī no hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā ma hope o ke kaʻina hana. Hoʻoponopono maʻamau kēia mau hōʻailona iā lākou iho me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau.

Manaʻo kekahi poʻe i ka nausea a i ʻole ka noʻonoʻo ʻole ma hope o ke kaʻina hana, ma muli o nā lāʻau hoʻomaha. Hoʻomaikaʻi maʻamau kēia i loko o kekahi mau hola i ka wā e pau ai ka lāʻau.

ʻAʻole maʻamau nā pilikia koʻikoʻi akā hiki ke hana, a ua mākaukau kāu hui lapaʻau e mālama i kēia mau kūlana inā kū mai lākou:

• Ke kahe ʻana mai nā wahi biopsy (maʻamau ka liʻiliʻi a kū maʻamau iā ia iho)
• Maʻi ma kahi biopsy
• Pneumothorax (māmā i hāʻule) i nā hihia kakaikahi
• Nā hopena maʻi i nā lāʻau hoʻomaha
• Nā puʻuwai puʻuwai ʻole i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana

He emi iho ka pilikia o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi ma mua o 1% no ka hapa nui o nā maʻi. E nānā kāu kauka i kāu mau mea pilikia kikoʻī ma mua o ke kaʻina hana a e hana i nā hana kūpono e hōʻemi i nā pilikia e hiki mai ana.

Inā he maʻi puʻuwai a māmā paha kāu, e ʻoi aku paha kou pilikia, akā e noʻonoʻo pono kāu kauka i nā pōmaikaʻi e kūʻē i nā pilikia ma mua o ka ʻōlelo ʻana i ke kaʻina hana.

I ka manawa hea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka e pili ana i nā hopena bronchoscopy?

Pono ʻoe e hoʻokaʻaʻike i kāu kauka inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e pili ana ma hope o kāu kaʻina bronchoscopy. ʻOiai e ola ana ka hapa nui o nā kānaka me ka pilikia ʻole, he mea nui e ʻike i ka wā e ʻimi ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

E kelepona koke i kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻeha nui o ka umauma, ka pilikia o ka hanu ʻana, a i ʻole ke kihe ʻana i ke koko nui. Hōʻike paha kēia mau hōʻailona i kahi pilikia e pono ai ka mālama koke.

Pono nō hoʻi ʻoe e kelepona inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi, e like me ke kuni, nā anu, a i ʻole ka nui o ka mucus kala. ʻOiai he kakaikahi nā maʻi ma hope o ka bronchoscopy, hiki ke hana a pono i ka lāʻau antibiotic.

Aia kekahi mau hōʻailona ʻē aʻe e pono ai ka nānā ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma hope o ka bronchoscopy:

• ʻO ka ʻū ʻana e hoʻomau a ʻinoʻino paha ʻaʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi ma hope o 2-3 mau lā
• ʻO ka ʻeha o ka umauma e ʻinoʻino ana ma mua o ka maikaʻi
• ʻO ka pōkole o ka hanu ʻana ʻoi aku ka ʻino ma mua o ka hana
• Nā hōʻailona o ka hopena maʻi e like me ka ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ka pehu
• ʻO ka nausea a i ʻole ka luaʻi ʻana

No ka nānā ʻana maʻamau, e hoʻonohonoho kāu kauka i kahi manawa e kūkākūkā i kāu mau hopena a me nā hana e hiki mai ana. Hana maʻamau kēia i loko o hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha pule o kāu hana, ma muli o ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā biopsies.

Mai kānalua e kelepona i ke keʻena o kāu kauka inā he nīnau kāu e pili ana i kāu mau hopena a i ʻole e ʻike nei ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e hopohopo ai ʻoe. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nānā ʻana ma mua o ke kali a me ka noʻonoʻo.

Nā nīnau i nīnau pinepine ʻia e pili ana i ka bronchoscopy

Q.1 He maikaʻi anei ka hoʻāʻo bronchoscopy no ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi?

ʻAe, he mea hana maikaʻi ka bronchoscopy no ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi, ʻoiai ke loaʻa nā ʻōpū i nā ala ea waena. Hāʻawi ke kaʻina hana i nā kauka e ʻike pololei i nā ulu ʻino a lawe i nā laʻana ʻiʻo no ka hōʻoia maopopo.

Eia naʻe, hana maikaʻi ka bronchoscopy no nā maʻi maʻi e ʻike ʻia ana i nā ala hanu nui. ʻAʻole hiki ke kiʻi ʻia kekahi mau maʻi maʻi maʻi i nā kihi o waho o nā māmā me kahi bronchoscope maʻamau, a pono paha nā kaʻina hana ʻē aʻe e like me ka CT-guided biopsy.

Q.2 Hoʻopōʻino anei ka bronchoscopy i nā māmā?

ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole pinepine ka bronchoscopy e hōʻino i ka māmā ke hana ʻia e nā kauka i ʻike. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia ke kaʻina hana e lilo i mea liʻiliʻi, a lawa ka lahilahi o ka bronchoscope e holo i kou mau ala ea me ka hana ʻole i ka pōʻino.

I nā hihia kakaikahi loa, hiki ke loaʻa nā pilikia e like me ka pneumothorax (māmā i hāʻule), akā hiki kēia i lalo o 1% o nā kaʻina hana. Mālama pono kāu hui lapaʻau iā ʻoe i ke kaʻina hana e pale a hoʻoponopono koke i nā pilikia hiki ke loaʻa.

Q.3 Pehea ka ʻeha o ka bronchoscopy?

ʻIke ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i ka bronchoscopy i ka ʻeha ʻole ma mua o kā lākou i manaʻo ai. Hoʻopau ka anesthetic kūloko i kou ʻāʻī a me nā ala ea, a kōkua ka sedation iā ʻoe e hoʻomaha i ke kaʻina hana.

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ke kaomi a i ʻole ka hōʻoluʻolu iki i ka wā e hele ai ka bronchoscope i kou mau ala ea, akā ʻaʻole maʻamau ka ʻeha nui. Ma hope o ke kaʻina hana, loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kahi ʻāʻī ʻeha a i ʻole ke kuni no hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā, e like me ka loaʻa ʻana o ke anu maʻalahi.

Q.4 Hiki iaʻu ke ʻai koke ma hope o ka bronchoscopy?

ʻAʻole, pono ʻoe e kali a pau ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana a i ʻole ka inu ʻana. He 1-2 hola ma hope o ke kaʻina hana, a e hoʻāʻo kāu hui lapaʻau i kou ʻano ale ʻana ma mua o ka hāʻawi ʻana iā ʻoe i ka maikaʻi.

E hoʻomaka me nā sips liʻiliʻi o ka wai mua, a laila e hoʻi mālie i kāu ʻai maʻamau. Pale kēia hana i ka ʻū ʻana a i ʻole ka hanu ʻana i ka meaʻai a i ʻole nā ​​wai i ka wā e ʻeha ana kou ʻāʻī.

Q.5 Pono anei au i nā kaʻina hana bronchoscopy he nui?

Aia kēia i kou kūlana kikoʻī a me ka mea a kāu kauka e ʻike ai i ke kaʻina hana mua. Nui ka poʻe e pono wale i hoʻokahi bronchoscopy no ka ʻike, aʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e pono paha i nā kaʻina hana e nānā i ka holomua o ka mālama ʻana.

Inā e mālama ʻia ana ʻoe no ka maʻi maʻi māmā a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi maʻi ʻē aʻe, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i nā bronchoscopies manawa e nānā i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o ka mālama ʻana. E kūkākūkā kāu hui lapaʻau i ka hoʻolālā lōʻihi me ʻoe e pili ana i kou kūlana pilikino.