He aha ka Echocardiogram? Ke Kumu, Ke Kaʻina Hana & Nā Hōʻike

He hoʻokolohua palekana a ʻaʻohe ʻeha ka echocardiogram e hoʻohana ana i nā hawewe kani e hana i nā kiʻi e neʻe ana o kou puʻuwai. E noʻonoʻo iā ia he ultrasound no kou puʻuwai - ka ʻenehana like a nā kauka e hoʻohana ai e nānā i nā pēpē i ka wā hāpai. Kōkua kēia hoʻokolohua i kāu kauka e ʻike i ka maikaʻi o ka pamu ʻana o kou puʻuwai i ke koko a nānā i nā pilikia structural me nā keʻena, nā kiwikā, a i ʻole nā paia o kou puʻuwai.

He aha ka echocardiogram?

Hoʻohana ka echocardiogram i nā hawewe kani kiʻekiʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo ultrasound e hana i nā kiʻi manawa maoli o kou puʻuwai. Hōʻike ka hoʻokolohua i ka puʻuwai e paʻi ana a e pamu ana i ke koko, e hāʻawi ana i nā kauka i kahi ʻike maopopo i ke ʻano a me ka hana o kou puʻuwai. ʻAʻole like me nā X-ray a i ʻole nā CT scan, ʻaʻole hoʻohana nā echocardiograms i ka radiation, e palekana loa ai lākou no nā kānaka o nā makahiki āpau.

Nui nā ʻano echocardiograms, akā ʻo ka mea maʻamau he transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE). I ka wā o kēia hoʻokolohua, kau kahi technician i kahi mea liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia he transducer ma kou umauma. Hoʻouna ka transducer i nā hawewe kani ma kou paia umauma i kou puʻuwai, a ʻo nā echoes e lele hou mai e hana i nā kiʻi kikoʻī ma ka pale kamepiula.

No ke aha e hana ʻia ai ka echocardiogram?

Kauoha nā kauka i nā echocardiograms e loiloi i nā pilikia o ka puʻuwai a nānā i ke olakino o ka puʻuwai. Hiki i kēia hoʻokolohua ke ʻike i nā pilikia me ka hiki ke pamu o kou puʻuwai, ka hana valve, a me ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ia kekahi o nā mea hana waiwai nui a nā cardiologists i loaʻa no ka ʻike a me ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi puʻuwai.

Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i kahi echocardiogram inā ʻoe e ʻike nei i nā hōʻailona e hōʻike ana i nā pilikia o ka puʻuwai. Hoʻomohala pinepine kēia mau hōʻailona i ka lohi a hiki ke komo:

• ʻEha umauma a i ʻole ka ʻoluʻolu
• Pōkole o ka hanu i ka wā o nā hana maʻamau
• Luhi a i ʻole nāwaliwali
• Pehu i kou mau wāwae, nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae, a i ʻole nā wāwae
• Ka puʻuwai puʻuwai ʻole a i ʻole palpitations
• ʻO ka dizziness a i ʻole nā hōʻailona fainting

Ma waho aʻe o ka loiloi ʻana i nā hōʻailona, ​​kōkua nā echocardiograms i nā kauka e nānā i nā maʻi puʻuwai e kū nei a e nānā i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Hiki i nā echocardiograms maʻamau ke nānā i nā loli i ka hana o kou puʻuwai i ka manawa.

He mea waiwai nō hoʻi ka hoʻāʻo ʻana no ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi puʻuwai like ʻole, mai ka maʻamau a i ka laha ʻole. ʻO nā maʻi maʻamau e pili ana i nā pilikia o ka valve puʻuwai, kahi e wehe ʻole ai a pani pono paha nā valves, a me ka nāwaliwali o ka ʻiʻo puʻuwai i kapa ʻia ʻo cardiomyopathy. ʻO nā maʻi liʻiliʻi akā koʻikoʻi e hiki ai i ka hoʻāʻo ke ʻike, ʻo ia nā hemahema o ka puʻuwai congenital, nā koko koko i loko o ka puʻuwai, a me nā ʻōpū e pili ana i ka ʻiʻo puʻuwai.

He aha ke kaʻina hana no ka echocardiogram?

He maʻalahi ke kaʻina hana echocardiogram maʻamau a maʻa mau i 30 a 60 mau minuke. E moe ʻoe ma luna o kahi papa hoʻokolokolo, maʻamau ma kou ʻaoʻao hema, ʻoiai e hana ana kahi loea i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia i kapa ʻia he sonographer i ka hoʻāʻo. Hoʻopōʻeleʻele pinepine ʻia ka lumi i hiki i ka loea ke ʻike maikaʻi i nā kiʻi ma ka monitor.

I ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, e kau ka sonographer i nā pā uila liʻiliʻi ma kou umauma e nānā i ke ʻano o kou puʻuwai. A laila, e hoʻopili lākou i kahi gel maopopo i kou umauma - kōkua kēia gel i nā hawewe kani e hele maikaʻi ma waena o ka transducer a me kou ʻili. Hiki ke ʻoluʻolu ka gel i ka wā mua, akā ʻaʻole ia he mea ʻino a holoi maʻalahi.

A laila e hoʻoneʻe ka sonographer i ka transducer ma nā wahi like ʻole o kou umauma e hopu i nā kiʻi mai nā kihi like ʻole. Hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i ke kaomi mālie i ke kaomi ʻana i ka transducer i kou umauma, akā ʻaʻole ʻeha ka hoʻāʻo. Hiki iā ʻoe ke lohe i nā leo whooshing i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo - he mea maʻamau kēia a hōʻike i ke koko e kahe ana ma kou puʻuwai.

I kekahi manawa, e kauoha paha kāu kauka i kahi ʻano echocardiogram kūikawā. Hoʻohui ka echocardiogram kaumaha i ka hoʻāʻo maʻamau me ka hoʻoikaika kino a i ʻole ka lāʻau lapaʻau e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka pane ʻana o kou puʻuwai i ke kaumaha kino. Hoʻohana ka transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) i kahi mea ʻimi kūikawā i hoʻokomo ʻia ma kou waha i loko o kou esophagus e kiʻi i nā kiʻi maopopo o kekahi mau hale o ka puʻuwai.

Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai no kāu echocardiogram?

He maʻalahi ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no kahi echocardiogram maʻamau a koi i ka hana liʻiliʻi ma kāu ʻaoʻao. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai a inu maʻamau ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, a ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hooki i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke ʻole e haʻi pololei kāu kauka iā ʻoe. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ke kaʻina hana hoʻomākaukau ma mua o nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.

I ka lā o kāu hoʻāʻo ʻana, e ʻaʻahu i nā lole ʻoluʻolu, ʻaʻole paʻa e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke wehe maʻalahi mai ka pūhaka i luna. Pono ʻoe e wehe i nā lole mai ka pūhaka i luna a kau i kahi ʻaʻahu haukapila e wehe ana ma mua. E pale i ka ʻaʻahu ʻana i nā mea nani, ʻoi aku hoʻi nā lei, no ka mea, pono ʻoe e wehe iā lākou ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi echocardiogram kaumaha, e ʻokoʻa iki kāu hoʻomākaukau. Hiki i kāu kauka ke noi iā ʻoe e pale i ka caffeine no kekahi mau hola ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a e ʻaʻahu i nā kāmaʻa ʻoluʻolu kūpono no ka hele wāwae a i ʻole ka holo ʻana. Pono ʻoe e pale i ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻai nui i loko o ʻelua hola o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana.

No ka transesophageal echocardiogram, pono ʻoe e hoʻokē ʻai no kekahi mau hola ma mua o ke kaʻina hana. E hāʻawi kāu kauka i nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī e pili ana i ka manawa e hooki ai i ka ʻai a me ka inu ʻana. Pono nō hoʻi ʻoe i kekahi e hoʻokele iā ʻoe i ka home ma hope no ka mea e loaʻa iā ʻoe ka sedation.

Pehea e heluhelu ai i kāu echocardiogram?

Pono ka heluhelu ʻana i kahi echocardiogram i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūikawā, akā hiki i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā ana kumu ke kōkua iā ʻoe e loaʻa nā kamaʻilio ʻike hou aku me kāu kauka. E komo ka hōʻike i kekahi mau ana nui e hōʻike ana i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka hana a me ke ʻano o kou puʻuwai.

ʻO kekahi o nā ana nui loa ka ejection fraction (EF), e hōʻike ana i ka nui o ke koko e pauma ai kou puʻuwai me kēlā me kēia puʻi. ʻO ka ejection fraction maʻamau ma waena o 55% a 70%. Inā haʻahaʻa kāu ejection fraction ma lalo o 50%, hiki ke hōʻike i ka hana ʻole o kou ʻiʻo puʻuwai e like me ka mea pono.

E komo pū ana ka hōʻike i ka ʻike e pili ana i ka nui o kou puʻuwai a me ka mānoanoa o ka pā. ʻAʻole mānoanoa loa a lahilahi loa nā pā puʻuwai maʻamau, a pono e kūpono nā keʻena puʻuwai no kou kino. Hiki i nā pā mānoanoa ke hōʻike i ke koko kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ʻē aʻe, aʻo nā keʻena nui e hōʻike i nā pilikia puʻuwai like ʻole.

ʻO ka hana valve kekahi mea nui o ka echocardiogram. E wehewehe ka hōʻike i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o kēlā me kēia o kāu mau valve puʻuwai ʻehā. ʻO nā huaʻōlelo e like me

Ana ʻia nā ana o nā keʻena o ka naʻau ma nā kenimika a hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā pae maʻamau no ka nui o kou kino. ʻO ka ventricle hema maʻamau (ke keʻena pauma nui o kou naʻau) e ana maʻamau i 3.9 a 5.3 cm ke anawaena i ka wā hoʻomaha. Pono nā paia o kēia keʻena he 0.6 a 1.1 cm ka mānoanoa.

Hoʻākāka maʻamau ʻia ka hana valve ma ke ʻano he maʻamau, a i ʻole me nā degere like ʻole o ka regurgitation a i ʻole stenosis. He mea maʻamau ka regurgitation trace a i ʻole ka maʻalahi a ʻaʻole hopohopo maʻamau. Pono nā pilikia valve mai ka waena a i ke koʻikoʻi i ka nānā pono ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana.

He aha nā mea pilikia no nā hopena echocardiogram abnormal?

Hiki i kekahi mau mea ke hoʻonui i kou hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena echocardiogram abnormal. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau mea pilikia hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hana pū me kāu kauka e mālama i ke olakino o ka naʻau maikaʻi a hopu i nā pilikia hiki ke hiki i ka wā.

ʻO ka makahiki kekahi o nā mea pilikia nui loa, no ka mea, loli maoli ka hana o ka naʻau i ka manawa. I ka wā e ʻelemakule ai kākou, hiki i nā paia o ko kākou naʻau ke mānoanoa iki, a hiki i kā kākou mau valve ke hoʻomohala i nā leaks liʻiliʻi. He mea maʻamau pinepine kēia mau loli e pili ana i ka makahiki, akā hiki iā lākou ke holomua i nā pilikia nui aʻe.

Hiki i nā maʻi olakino e pili ana i kāu ʻōnaehana cardiovascular ke alakaʻi i nā hopena abnormal. Eia nā maʻi maʻamau e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i kāu echocardiogram:

• Ke koko kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka mānoanoa o ka ʻiʻo o ka naʻau
• Diabetes, hiki ke hōʻino i nā kīʻaha koko a me ka ʻiʻo o ka naʻau
• Cholesterol kiʻekiʻe, e alakaʻi ana i ka maʻi artery coronary
• Hōʻeha naʻau ma mua a i ʻole ka maʻi naʻau
• Moʻolelo ʻohana o nā pilikia naʻau
• Obesity, e hoʻokau ana i ke kaumaha keu ma ka naʻau

He hana nui nō hoʻi nā mea ola i ke olakino o ka naʻau. Hoʻopōʻino ka puhi ʻana i nā kīʻaha koko a hoʻemi i ka hāʻawi ʻana o ka oxygen i kou ʻiʻo naʻau. Hiki i ka ʻai ʻana i ka waiʻona nui ke hoʻonāwaliwali i ka ʻiʻo o ka naʻau i ka manawa. ʻO ka nele i ka hana kino hiki ke alakaʻi i ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka cardiovascular a me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka pilikia o ka maʻi naʻau.

Hiki nō i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻopilikia i nā hopena echocardiogram. ʻO nā lāʻau chemotherapy, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki i kekahi manawa ke hōʻino i ka ʻiʻo o ka puʻuwai. Inā e loaʻa ana iā ʻoe ka lapaʻau maʻi ʻaʻai, hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i nā echocardiograms maʻamau e nānā i ka hana o kou puʻuwai.

He aha nā pilikia hiki ke loaʻa mai nā hopena echocardiogram maʻamau ʻole?

ʻAʻole ia he manaʻo maʻalahi nā hopena echocardiogram maʻamau ʻole he pilikia puʻuwai koʻikoʻi kāu, akā hōʻike lākou i ka ʻokoʻa o ka hana a i ʻole ke ʻano o kou puʻuwai mai nā pae maʻamau. Aia ke koʻikoʻi o kēia mau mea i loaʻa i nā mea maʻamau ʻole a me kou olakino holoʻokoʻa.

Inā hōʻike kāu echocardiogram i ka hōʻemi ʻia o ka ejection fraction, hiki i kēia ke hōʻike i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai, kahi e hana ʻole ai kou puʻuwai i ke koko e like me ka mea pono. Hiki i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai ke kumu i nā hōʻailona e like me ka pōkole o ka hanu, ka luhi, a me ka pehu ʻana i kou mau wāwae a i ʻole ka ʻōpū. Me ka lapaʻau kūpono, hiki i ka nui o nā kānaka me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai ke mālama i ke ola maikaʻi.

Hiki ke ʻano mai nā pilikia valve i ʻike ʻia ma ka echocardiogram mai ka maʻalahi a i ke koʻikoʻi. ʻAʻole pinepine ka regurgitation valve maʻalahi a i ʻole stenosis i nā hōʻailona a pono paha e nānā ʻia. Eia naʻe, hiki i nā pilikia valve koʻikoʻi ke alakaʻi i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai, nā puʻuwai puʻuwai ʻole, a i ʻole ka hahau inā ʻaʻole i mālama ʻia. ʻO ka lono maikaʻi, hiki ke mālama maikaʻi ʻia nā pilikia valve me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole nā kaʻina hana.

Hiki i nā mea maʻamau o ka neʻe ʻana o ka paia ke hōʻike i nā puʻuwai puʻuwai i hala a i ʻole ka hōʻemi ʻia o ke kahe koko i nā ʻāpana o kou ʻiʻo puʻuwai. Hiki i kēia mau mea i loaʻa ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia o nā puʻuwai puʻuwai e hiki mai ana a i ʻole ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai. Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i nā hoʻokolohua hou e like me ka catheterization cardiac e hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi i ke kahe koko i kou puʻuwai.

I nā hihia kakaʻikahi, hiki i nā echocardiograms ke ʻike i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi e like me nā koko koko i loko o ka puʻuwai, nā ʻōpū, a i ʻole nā kīnā o ka puʻuwai hānau. Hiki i nā koko koko ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka hahau ʻana, a ʻo nā ʻōpū paha e pono ai ka mālama kūikawā. Pono paha nā kīnā o ka puʻuwai hānau i nā pākeke i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ʻoki a i ʻole ka nānā ʻana.

I ka manawa hea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka no nā hopena echocardiogram?

Pono ʻoe e hoʻonohonoho i kahi manawa e hahai ai me kāu kauka i ka wā hiki wawe ma hope o kāu echocardiogram e kūkākūkā i nā hopena. ʻOiai inā maʻamau nā hopena, he mea nui e nānā iā lākou me kāu mea mālama ola e hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano o lākou no kou olakino holoʻokoʻa.

Inā hōʻike kāu echocardiogram i nā hopena maʻamau ʻole, e wehewehe kāu kauka i ke ʻano o kēia mau ʻike a kūkākūkā i nā hana aʻe. Mai hopohopo inā lohe ʻoe i nā huaʻōlelo e like me

Nīnau 1. He maikaʻi anei ka hoʻāʻo echocardiogram no ka ʻike ʻana i nā hōʻeha puʻuwai?

Hiki i ka echocardiogram ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona o nā hōʻeha puʻuwai ma mua ma ka hōʻike ʻana i nā wahi o ka ʻiʻo puʻuwai ʻaʻole e neʻe maʻamau. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻo ia ka hoʻāʻo mua i hoʻohana ʻia e ʻike i kahi hōʻeha puʻuwai ikaika. I ka wā o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai ikaika, hoʻohana maʻamau nā kauka i nā EKG a me nā hoʻāʻo koko e hana i ka ʻike koke.

Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hōʻeha puʻuwai i ka wā ma mua, hiki i ka echocardiogram ke hōʻike i nā hemahema o ka neʻe ʻana o ka pā i nā wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia. Kōkua kēia mau ʻike i kāu kauka e hoʻomaopopo i ka hopena o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai i kāu hana puʻuwai a hoʻolālā i ka lāʻau kūpono.

Nīnau 2. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka ejection fraction e manaʻo mau ana i ka maʻi puʻuwai?

ʻAʻole manaʻo ʻakomi ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka ejection fraction he maʻi puʻuwai kou, akā hōʻike ia ʻaʻole e pauma ana kou puʻuwai e like me ka maʻamau. ʻAʻole paha kekahi poʻe me ka hoʻemi ʻia o ka ejection fraction i nā hōʻailona, ​​ʻoiai e ʻike nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i nā hōʻailona maʻamau o ka maʻi puʻuwai.

E noʻonoʻo kāu kauka i kāu ejection fraction me kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​ka mōʻaukala olakino, a me nā hopena hoʻāʻo ʻē aʻe e hoʻoholo ai inā he maʻi puʻuwai kou. Hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻomaikaʻi pinepine i kāu ejection fraction a me kāu mau hōʻailona i ka manawa.

Nīnau 3. Hiki i ka echocardiogram ke ʻike i nā aʻa i ālaina ʻia?

ʻAʻole hiki i ka echocardiogram maʻamau ke ʻike pololei i nā aʻa i ālaina ʻia, akā hiki iā ia ke hōʻike i nā hopena o nā aʻa i ālaina ʻia ma kāu ʻiʻo puʻuwai. Inā ālaina nui ʻia kahi aʻa coronary, ʻaʻole paha e neʻe maʻamau ka wahi o ka ʻiʻo puʻuwai e hāʻawi ai, e hōʻike ʻia ma ka echocardiogram.

No ka ʻike pololei ʻana i nā aʻa i ālaina ʻia, pono i kāu kauka ke kauoha i nā hoʻāʻo like ʻole e like me ka catheterization cardiac, coronary CT angiogram, a i ʻole ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi nuklea. I kekahi manawa hiki i ka echocardiogram koʻikoʻi ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i nā wahi o ke kahe koko maikaʻi ʻole.

Nīnau 4. Ehia mau manawa e loaʻa ai iaʻu kahi echocardiogram?

Ke alapine o nā echocardiograms e hilinaʻi ana i kou kūlana olakino pilikino. Inā he hana maʻamau kou puʻuwai a ʻaʻohe maʻi puʻuwai, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe i nā echocardiograms maʻamau ke ʻole ʻoe e loaʻa i nā hōʻailona a i ʻole nā mea pilikia.

Inā he maʻi puʻuwai kou i ʻike ʻia, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i nā echocardiograms makahiki a i ʻole ka nānā pinepine ʻana. Pono paha nā kānaka me kekahi mau pilikia o ka valve, ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai, a i ʻole ka poʻe e loaʻa ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka puʻuwai i nā echocardiograms i kēlā me kēia 6 a 12 mahina.

Q.5 Aia kekahi mau pilikia a i ʻole nā hopena ʻaoʻao mai nā echocardiograms?

He palekana loa nā echocardiograms maʻamau me ka ʻole o nā pilikia a i ʻole nā hopena ʻaoʻao i ʻike ʻia. ʻO nā hawewe ultrasound i hoʻohana ʻia he like ia me nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia no nā ultrasound hāpai, a ʻaʻohe ʻike radiation. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke ʻoluʻolu iki mai ke kaomi o ka transducer, akā he mea manawa kēia.

ʻO ka gel i hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻokolohua he wai a holoi maʻalahi me ke kopa a me ka wai. Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ʻike i ka huhū liʻiliʻi o ka ʻili mai nā pā uila, akā he mea maʻamau kēia a hoʻoponopono koke ʻia ma hope o ka wehe ʻana.