He aha ka Biopsy ʻĀkena? Ke Kumu, ke Kaʻina Hana & nā Hōʻike

He hana lapaʻau ka biopsy ʻākena kahi e wehe ai kāu kauka i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo ʻākena e nānā iā ia ma lalo o ka microscope. Kōkua kēia laʻana liʻiliʻi i nā kauka e ʻike i nā maʻi ʻākena a e hoʻoholo i ka hoʻolālā lapaʻau maikaʻi loa nāu. E noʻonoʻo e like me ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi nānā kikoʻī i ka mea e hana nei i loko o kou ʻākena ke hiki ʻole i nā hoʻokolohua koko a me nā kiʻi ke haʻi i ka moʻolelo holoʻokoʻa.

He aha ka biopsy ʻākena?

Hoʻopili ka biopsy ʻākena i ka lawe ʻana i kahi laʻana ʻiʻo liʻiliʻi mai kou ʻākena me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi nila lahilahi. Hana ʻia ke kaʻina hana e kekahi loea i kapa ʻia he nephrologist a i ʻole radiologist nāna e hoʻohana i ke alakaʻi kiʻi e hiki palekana i ka ʻākena. A laila, hoʻouna ʻia kēia laʻana ʻiʻo i kahi hale hana kahi e nānā pono ai nā poʻe loea iā ia e ʻike i kekahi maʻi a i ʻole pōʻino.

He liʻiliʻi loa ka laʻana, e like me ka nui o ka piko penikala, akā aia i loko o nā tausani o nā hale liʻiliʻi e hiki ke hōʻike i ka ʻike nui e pili ana i kou olakino ʻākena. E hoʻomau ana kāu ʻākena e hana maʻamau ma hope o ka biopsy no ka mea ua wehe ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo.

No ke aha e hana ʻia ai ka biopsy ʻākena?

Paipai kāu kauka i ka biopsy ʻākena ke pono lākou i ka ʻike kikoʻī e pili ana i ka mea e pili ana i kou mau ʻākena. Hiki i nā hoʻokolohua koko a me nā hoʻokolohua mimi ke hōʻike ʻaʻole maikaʻi kekahi mea, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke kuhikuhi mau i ka pilikia pololei a i ʻole ke koʻikoʻi.

Eia nā kumu nui e pono ai ʻoe i kēia kaʻina hana. Hoʻomohala pinepine kēia mau kūlana i ka mālie, a e nānā ana kāu kauka i kāu hana ʻākena ma mua o ka manaʻo ʻana i kahi biopsy:

• Ke koko a i ʻole ka protein e ʻike ʻia ana i loko o kou mimi me ka ʻole o ke kumu maopopo
• Ke emi koke a wikiwiki paha o ka hana o ka puʻupaʻa
• Ke manaʻo ʻia nei ka glomerulonephritis (ka mumū o nā kānana puʻupaʻa)
• Ka pehu ʻana i kou mau wāwae, maka, a i ʻole ʻōpū me ka wehewehe ʻole
• Ke koko kiʻekiʻe i paʻakikī ke kāohi
• Ke nānā ʻana i ka hōʻole ʻana ma hope o ke kanu ʻana i ka puʻupaʻa
• Ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka nui o ka pōʻino o ka puʻupaʻa mai nā maʻi e like me ka lupus a i ʻole ka maʻi diabetes

E ʻōlelo wale kāu kauka i ka biopsy inā e hoʻololi nā hopena i kāu hoʻolālā lapaʻau. Kōkua ka ʻike i loaʻa iā lākou e koho i nā lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa a e nānā i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o nā lapaʻau.

He aha ke kaʻina hana no ka biopsy puʻupaʻa?

Lawe maʻamau ka hana biopsy puʻupaʻa ma kahi o 30 a 60 mau minuke a hana ʻia ma ke ʻano he kaʻina hana outpatient. E ala ana ʻoe i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana, akā e loaʻa iā ʻoe ka anesthesia kūloko e hoʻopōʻehi i ka wahi a me ka sedation māmā e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaha.

Eia ka mea e hana ʻia i ka wā o kāu biopsy, i kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu. Hoʻolālā ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻāpana e hōʻoia i kou palekana a me kou hōʻoluʻolu:

1. E moe ana ʻoe i lalo ma luna o kahi papa hoʻokolokolo me kahi uluna ma lalo o kou umauma
2. E hoʻomaʻemaʻe ke kauka a hoʻopōʻehi i ka ʻili ma luna o kou puʻupaʻa me ka anesthetic kūloko
3. Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ultrasound a i ʻole ke kiʻi CT, e ʻimi lākou i kahi maikaʻi loa e hoʻokomo i ka nila
4. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi nila biopsy lahilahi ma kou ʻili a i loko o ka puʻupaʻa
5. E noi ʻia ʻoe e paʻa i kou hanu no kekahi mau kekona i ka wā e lawe ʻia ai ka laʻana
6. Wehe koke ʻia ka nila, a hoʻohana ʻia ke kaomi e pale i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko
7. ʻO ka maʻamau, hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā laʻana liʻiliʻi 2-3 e hōʻoia i ka lawa ʻana o ka ʻiʻo

Hiki iā ʻoe ke lohe i ke kani ʻana i ka wā e pana ai ka nila biopsy, he mea maʻamau loa ia. Hōʻike ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i ka manaʻo e like me ka ʻūlū paʻa a i ʻole ke kaomi ma mua o ka ʻeha nui.

Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai no kāu biopsy puʻupaʻa?

ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no kāu biopsy puʻupaʻa e pili ana i kekahi mau hana nui e hōʻoia i ka maʻalahi a me ka palekana o ke kaʻina hana. E hāʻawi kāu hui mālama ola iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī e pili ana i kou kūlana olakino pilikino a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe nei.

E hāʻawi kāu kauka iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo hoʻomākaukau kikoʻī, e like me kēia mau hana nui:

• E hooki i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e lahilahi ai ke koko e like me ka aspirin, warfarin, a i ʻole NSAIDs no 7-10 mau lā ma mua o ke kaʻina hana
• E hoʻonohonoho i kekahi e hoʻokele iā ʻoe i ka home ma hope
• Mai ʻai a inu paha i kekahi mea no 8 mau hola ma mua o ke kaʻina hana
• E hoʻomaopopo i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a pau, nā mea hoʻohui, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau lāʻau āu e lawe nei
• E haʻi i kāu hui mālama ola inā he maʻi ʻoe a i ʻole nā maʻi koko
• E hoʻopau i nā hoʻokolohua koko e pono ai e nānā i kou hiki ke hoʻopaʻa
• E hoʻolālā e noho i ka haukapila no ka nānā ʻana no 4-6 mau hola ma hope o ke kaʻina hana

Inā ʻoe e lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi diabetes a i ʻole ke koko kiʻekiʻe, e hāʻawi kāu kauka iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī e pili ana i ka manawa e lawe ai iā lākou. Mai hooki i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke ʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia e hana pēlā.

Pehea e heluhelu ai i kāu hopena biopsy puʻupaʻa?

E loaʻa ana kāu hopena biopsy puʻupaʻa i loko o 3-7 mau lā, ʻoiai e lōʻihi paha kekahi mau hoʻokolohua kūikawā. E aʻo ka pathologist, he kauka i loea i ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻiʻo, i kāu laʻana ma lalo o nā ʻano microscope like ʻole a hiki ke hoʻohana i nā stains kūikawā e hōʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona kikoʻī.

E wehewehe ka hōʻike i ka mea a ka pathologist e ʻike ai i loko o kāu ʻiʻo puʻupaʻa. Hiki paha ke komo i ka ʻike e pili ana i ka mumū, ka ʻōpala, nā waihoʻoluʻu protein, a i ʻole nā loli ʻē aʻe e hōʻike ana i nā maʻi kikoʻī. E wehewehe kāu kauka i ke ʻano o kēia mau ʻike no kou kūlana.

ʻO nā mea i ʻike pinepine ʻia i loko o nā hōʻike biopsy puʻupaʻa, aia nā kikoʻī e pili ana i nā glomeruli (nā kānana liʻiliʻi i loko o kou puʻupaʻa), nā tubules (nā paipu liʻiliʻi e hana i ka mimi), a me nā ʻiʻo a puni. E hōʻike ka pathologist inā he maʻamau kēia mau mea a i ʻole e hōʻike ana i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi a i ʻole ka pōʻino.

E hoʻonohonoho kāu kauka i kahi manawa e hahai ai e kūkākūkā i kāu mau hopena ma ke kikoʻī a wehewehe i ke ʻano o lākou no kāu hoʻolālā lapaʻau. He mea nui kēia kamaʻilio e like me ka biopsy ponoʻī, no laila, mai kānalua e nīnau i nā nīnau e pili ana i kekahi mea āu e maopopo ʻole ai.

He aha nā mea pilikia no ka pono e hana i ka biopsy puʻupaʻa?

ʻO kekahi mau kūlana a me nā mea e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pono e hana i ka biopsy puʻupaʻa i kekahi manawa. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau mea pilikia hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hana pū me kāu kauka e nānā pono i kou olakino puʻupaʻa.

Nui nā maʻi e hoʻonui i kou manawa e hoʻomohala i nā pilikia puʻupaʻa e koi ai i ka biopsy. Hiki i kēia mau maʻi ke hoʻopilikia i kou puʻupaʻa ma nā ʻano like ʻole:

• Diabetes, ʻoiai inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe no nā makahiki he nui
• Ke koko kiʻekiʻe i mālama ʻole ʻia
• Nā maʻi autoimmune e like me ka lupus, vasculitis, a i ʻole Goodpasture's syndrome
• ʻO ka mōʻaukala ʻohana o ka maʻi puʻupaʻa
• Nā maʻi puʻupaʻa mua a i ʻole nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa
• ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka hana puʻupaʻa
• Ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi transplant puʻupaʻa

Hiki i ka makahiki ke pāʻani i kahi hana, no ka mea, e emi ana ka hana puʻupaʻa i ka manawa. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau mea pilikia ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e pono maoli ʻoe i ka biopsy. ʻO ka nānā mau ʻana a me ka mālama maikaʻi ʻana i nā maʻi e hiki ke pale i ka pono o kēia kaʻina hana.

He aha nā pilikia hiki ke hana ʻia e ka biopsy puʻupaʻa?

ʻOiai he mau hana palekana nā biopsy kīkī, e like me nā hana lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, he mau pilikia kekahi. ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi, ʻaʻole maʻamau nā pilikia koʻikoʻi, e kū ana ma lalo o 1% o nā hihia, a ua mākaukau kāu hui lapaʻau e mālama i nā pilikia e kū mai ana.

Eia nā pilikia e hiki ke loaʻa iā ʻoe, mai nā pilikia liʻiliʻi maʻamau a hiki i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi akā kakaʻikahi:

• Ke kahe ʻana o ke koko a puni ke kīkī (maʻamau loa, maʻamau liʻiliʻi a kū maʻalahi)
• Ke koko i loko o ka mimi no kekahi mau lā ma hope o ke kaʻina hana
• ʻEha a i ʻole ka ʻeha ma kahi o ka biopsy
• Maʻi ma kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka nila (kakaʻikahi loa)
• Ke kahe nui ʻana o ke koko e koi ana i ka hoʻoili koko (kakaʻikahi, ma lalo o 1 i 100 mau hihia)
• Poino i nā ʻōkana kokoke (kakaʻikahi loa)
• Hoʻokumu ʻia o kahi pilina ma waena o nā kīʻaha koko a me ka ʻōnaehana urinary (kakaʻikahi loa)

E nānā pono kāu hui mālama ola iā ʻoe ma hope o ke kaʻina hana e nānā i nā hōʻailona o nā pilikia. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kānaka e ʻike wale i ka ʻoluʻolu liʻiliʻi a hoʻi i nā hana maʻamau i loko o kekahi mau lā.

I ka manawa hea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka ma hope o kaʻu biopsy kīkī?

Ma hope o kāu biopsy kīkī, he mea nui e ʻike i ka manawa e hoʻokaʻaʻike aku ai i kāu hui mālama ola. ʻOiai he mea maʻamau kekahi ʻoluʻolu maʻalahi, pono kekahi mau hōʻailona i ka lāʻau lapaʻau koke e hōʻoia i kou palekana a me ka hoʻōla kūpono.

E hoʻokaʻaʻike koke i kāu kauka inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona hōʻailona ma hope o kāu biopsy:

• ʻEha nui ʻaʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi me ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻeha i kuhikuhi ʻia
• Ke kahe nui ʻana o ke koko mai kahi biopsy
• Nui ka nui o ke koko i loko o kou mimi ʻaʻole e emi i ka manawa
• Fiva ma luna o 100.4°F (38°C)
• ʻAʻole, nāwaliwali, a i ʻole ka maʻi
• Paʻakikī ka mimi ʻana a i ʻole hiki ʻole ke mimi
• Nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi e like me ka ʻulaʻula nui, ka mahana, a i ʻole ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana ma kahi o ka biopsy

E hoʻonohonoho nō hoʻi kāu kauka i kahi manawa e hahai ai e kūkākūkā i nā hopena o kāu biopsy a e hoʻolālā i kāu lapaʻau. Hana maʻamau kēia i loko o hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha pule o kāu hana, e hāʻawi ana i ka manawa kūpono no ka pathologist e hoʻopau i kā lākou loiloi.

Nā nīnau i nīnau pinepine ʻia e pili ana i ka biopsy kīkī

Q.1 He maikaʻi anei ka hoʻāʻo biopsy kīkī no ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi kīkī?

ʻAe, ua manaʻo ʻia ka biopsy kīkī ʻo ia ke kūlana gula no ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi kīkī he nui. Hāʻawi ia i ka ʻike kikoʻī a pololei loa e pili ana i ka mea e hana nei i loko o kou mau kīkī ma ke kelepona. ʻOiai hiki i nā hoʻāʻo koko a me nā kiʻi ke hōʻike i nā pilikia kīkī, hiki i ka biopsy wale nō ke ʻike maopopo i ke ʻano kikoʻī o ka maʻi kīkī a e hoʻoholo i ka nui o ka holomua.

Kōkua ka biopsy i kāu kauka e hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o nā ʻano maʻi kīkī like ʻole e hiki ke hana i nā hōʻailona like. He mea nui kēia ʻike pololei no ka mea pono nā lapaʻau like ʻole i nā maʻi kīkī like ʻole, a ʻo ka mea e hana ai no kekahi maʻi ʻaʻole paha e hana no kekahi.

Q.2 E hōʻeha anei ka biopsy kīkī?

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kānaka e ʻike wale i ka ʻoluʻolu iki a i ʻole ka maʻalahi i ka wā o ka biopsy kīkī. Hoʻopau ka anesthetic kūloko i ka wahi kahi e komo ai ka nila, no laila ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e ʻike i ka ʻeha nui i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ke kaomi a i ʻole ka manaʻo paʻa pōkole ke hoʻokomo ʻia ka nila biopsy.

Ma hope o ke kaʻina hana, loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kekahi ʻeha a i ʻole ka ʻeha i kou kua a i ʻole ka ʻaoʻao no kekahi mau lā, e like me ka ʻeha hohonu. E kuhikuhi kāu kauka i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama iā ʻoe i ka wā e ola ai. ʻIke ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i ka ʻoluʻolu hiki ke mālama ʻia a hoʻomaikaʻi i kēlā me kēia lā.

Q.3 Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻōla ʻana mai ka biopsy kīkī?

Hele koke ka hoʻōla ʻana mai ka biopsy kīkī no ka hapa nui o nā kānaka. Pono ʻoe e noho i ka haukapila no ka nānā ʻana no 4-6 hola ma hope o ke kaʻina hana e hōʻoia ʻaʻohe kahe koko a i ʻole nā pilikia ʻē aʻe. Hiki i ka hapa nui o nā kānaka ke hoʻi i nā hana māmā i loko o 24-48 hola.

Pono ʻoe e pale i ka hāpai ʻana i nā mea kaumaha, ka hoʻoikaika kino nui, a me nā hana e hiki ke hoʻoluliluli i kou kino no hoʻokahi pule. E hāʻawi kāu kauka iā ʻoe i nā alakaʻi kikoʻī e pili ana i ka manawa e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻi i ka hana a me nā hana maʻamau e pili ana i kāu hana a me ke olakino holoʻokoʻa.

Q.4 Hiki i ka biopsy kīkī ke hōʻino i koʻu kīkī?

He haʻahaʻa loa ka pilikia o ka pōʻino kīkī mau mai ka biopsy. He liʻiliʻi ka laʻana i lawe ʻia i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka nui o kou kīkī, a ʻaʻole e pili ka hana o kou kīkī i ka wehe ʻana i kēia ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo. He hiki ke hoʻōla nui nā kīkī a e hoʻomau ka hana maʻamau ma hope o ke kaʻina hana.

ʻOiai hiki ke kahe koko no kekahi manawa a puni ke kīkī, hoʻoponopono maʻamau kēia iā ia iho me ka ʻole e hōʻino mau. Hoʻohana kāu hui lapaʻau i nā kiʻi kiʻekiʻe e alakaʻi pololei i ka nila, e hōʻemi ana i kekahi pilikia i ka ʻiʻo kīkī a puni.

Q.5 He aha ka mea e hana ai inā he ʻano ʻokoʻa nā hopena o kaʻu biopsy kīkī?

Inā hōʻike nā hopena o kāu biopsy i ka maʻi kīkī, e hana kāu kauka me ʻoe e hoʻomohala i kahi hoʻolālā lapaʻau i kūpono i kou kūlana kikoʻī. Aia ke ʻano o ka lapaʻau i ka mea a ka biopsy e hōʻike ai, akā hiki i nā koho ke komo i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻemi i ka mumū, kaohi i ke koko, a i ʻole ke kāohi ʻana i ka hana ʻōnaehana pale.

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hopena ʻokoʻa ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo ʻaʻohe manaʻolana kou kūlana. Hiki ke mālama pono ʻia a i ʻole e hoʻohuli ʻia nā maʻi kīkī he nui me ka lapaʻau kūpono. E nānā pono kāu kauka i kāu holomua a hoʻoponopono i kāu lapaʻau e like me ka mea e pono ai e pale i ka hana o kou kīkī a me ke olakino holoʻokoʻa.