He aha ka Mammogram? Ke Kumu, ke Kaʻina Hana & Nā Hōʻike

He hoʻokolokolo X-ray ka mammogram o kou mau umauma e kōkua ana i nā kauka e ʻike i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma a me nā maʻi umauma ʻē aʻe i ka wā mua. Hiki i kēia hoʻokolohua kiʻi kūikawā ke ʻike i nā loli i ka ʻiʻo umauma i ʻike ʻole ʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo kino, e lilo ia i kekahi o nā mea hana nui loa no ka mālama ʻana i ke olakino umauma.

E noʻonoʻo i ka mammogram ma ke ʻano he nānā palekana no kou mau umauma. E like me kāu e nānā mau ai i kāu kaʻa e hopu i nā pilikia ma mua o ka lilo ʻana i mea koʻikoʻi, kōkua nā mammograms i ka hopu ʻana i nā loli umauma i ka wā e hiki ai ke mālama ʻia.

He aha ka mammogram?

Hoʻohana ka mammogram i nā X-ray haʻahaʻa e hana i nā kiʻi kikoʻī o loko o kou mau umauma. I ka wā o ka hoʻokolohua, hoʻonoho kahi mea loea i kou umauma ma waena o nā pā palaki ʻelua e hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻiʻo e hohola like.

Hiki i kēia paʻa ke hōʻoluʻolu ʻole no kekahi manawa, akā pono ia e kiʻi i nā kiʻi maopopo o nā ʻiʻo umauma a pau. ʻO ka hana holoʻokoʻa e lawe ma kahi o 20 mau minuke, ʻoiai ʻo ka paʻa maoli e mau ana no kekahi mau kekona no kēlā me kēia kiʻi.

Aia ʻelua ʻano mammograms nui āu e hālāwai ai. Nānā ka mammogram screening i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma i nā wahine ʻaʻohe hōʻailona, ​​ʻoiai e noiʻi ana ka mammogram diagnostic i nā hopohopo kikoʻī e like me nā puʻupuʻu a i ʻole ka ʻeha umauma.

No ke aha e hana ʻia ai ka mammogram?

Hana nui ʻia nā mammograms e nānā i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma ma mua o kou a i ʻole kāu kauka e ʻike i nā puʻupuʻu. Hiki i ka ʻike mua ʻana ma o ka mammography ke loaʻa nā maʻi ʻaʻai i ka wā liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻole i laha i nā lymph nodes.

Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i kahi mammogram inā ʻike ʻoe i nā loli i kou mau umauma. Hiki i kēia mau loli ke komo i nā puʻupuʻu, ka ʻeha umauma, ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka nipple, a i ʻole nā ​​loli ʻili e like me ka dimpling a i ʻole ka puckering.

Manaʻo ka hapa nui o nā hui olakino e hoʻomaka nā wāhine i ka nānā mammogram maʻamau ma waena o nā makahiki 40 a me 50, ma muli o ko lākou mau mea pilikia. Pono paha nā wāhine me nā mea pilikia kiʻekiʻe, e like me ka moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi maʻi umauma a i ʻole nā hoʻololi genetic e like me BRCA1 a i ʻole BRCA2, e hoʻomaka i ka nānā ʻana ma mua.

He aha ke kaʻina hana no ka mammogram?

He maʻalahi ke kaʻina hana mammogram a hana maʻamau ʻia i loko o kahi haukapila a i ʻole ke kikowaena kiʻi. E noi ʻia ʻoe e wehe i nā lole mai ka pūhaka a kau i kahi ʻaʻahu haukapila e wehe ana ma mua.

Eia ka mea e hana ʻia i kāu manawa mammogram:

1. E hoʻonoho ka mea loea iā ʻoe e kū ana i mua o ka mīkini mammography
2. E kau ʻia kou umauma ma luna o kahi pā palaka maopopo
3. E iho mai ana kekahi pā mai luna mai a e kaomi i kou umauma e hohola i ka ʻiʻo
4. E noi ʻia ʻoe e paʻa i kou hanu no kekahi mau kekona i ka wā e lawe ʻia ai ka X-ray
5. Hoʻopili hou ʻia ke kaʻina hana mai nā kihi like ʻole, maʻamau ʻelua mau hiʻohiʻona no ka umauma
6. Maʻamau ka lōʻihi o ke kaʻina hana holoʻokoʻa he 10-15 mau minuke

Hiki ke hōʻoluʻolu ʻole ke kaomi ʻana, akā he pōkole a pono no nā kiʻi maopopo. Manaʻo kekahi mau wahine he mea kōkua ke hoʻonohonoho i kā lākou mammogram no ka pule ma hope o ko lākou manawa ke ʻoluʻolu ʻole nā umauma.

Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai no kāu mammogram?

He maʻalahi ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no kāu mammogram a hiki ke kōkua i ka hōʻoia ʻana i nā kiʻi maikaʻi loa. ʻO ka mea nui e pale aku i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka deodorant, antiperspirant, pauka, a i ʻole lotion ma kou umauma a i ʻole nā lima ma ka lā o kāu hoʻokolokolo.

Hiki i kēia mau huahana ke hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he mau kiko keʻokeʻo ma nā kiʻi mammogram, hiki ke kuhi hewa ʻia no nā mea ʻino. Inā poina ʻoe a hoʻohana i kēia mau huahana, mai hopohopo - e loaʻa i ka hale nā holoi e hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā lākou.

E noʻonoʻo i kēia mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo hoʻomākaukau hou e hōʻoluʻolu i kou ʻike:

• E komo i ka lole ʻelua ʻāpana i mea e wehe wale ai i kou piko
• E hoʻonohonoho i kāu mammogram no ka pule ma hope o kou wā, i ka wā e ʻoluʻolu ʻole ai nā umauma
• E pale i ka caffeine ma mua o kāu manawa, no ka mea, hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui i ka ʻoluʻolu o ka umauma
• E lawe mai i ka papa inoa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe nei
• E hōʻike i ka mea loea inā he implants umauma kāu a i ʻole i hana ʻia i ka ʻoki umauma

Inā hāpai ʻoe a i ʻole e manaʻo ana e hāpai ana, e haʻi i kāu kauka ma mua o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i kāu mammogram. ʻOiai palekana nā mammograms, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo e kali a i ʻole e hoʻohana i nā ʻano hana kiʻi ʻē aʻe.

Pehea e heluhelu ai i nā hopena mammogram?

Hoʻopuka pinepine ʻia nā hopena mammogram me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ʻōnaehana i kapa ʻia ʻo BI-RADS, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System. Kōkua kēia ʻōnaehana maʻamau i nā kauka e kamaʻilio maopopo i nā mea i loaʻa a hoʻoholo i ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana e pono ai ʻoe.

E hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kāu mau hopena ma kahi unahi mai 0 a 6, me kēlā me kēia helu e hōʻike ana i kahi mea i loaʻa:

1. BI-RADS 0: Pono nā kiʻi hou – ʻaʻole kēia manaʻo he hewa kekahi mea, pono wale nō nā kiʻi hou aʻe
2. BI-RADS 1: Mammogram maʻamau – ʻaʻohe hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole nā mea i loaʻa nui
3. BI-RADS 2: Nā mea i loaʻa maikaʻi – nā loli ʻaʻole maʻi ʻaʻai ʻaʻole pono e hahai
4. BI-RADS 3: Malia paha maikaʻi – kahi liʻiliʻi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka hahai ʻana i ka wā pōkole
5. BI-RADS 4: ʻAʻole maʻamau – pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia ka biopsy
6. BI-RADS 5: Hōʻike nui i ka maʻi ʻaʻai – ua ʻōlelo ikaika ʻia ka biopsy
7. BI-RADS 6: Maʻi ʻaʻai i ʻike ʻia – hoʻohana ʻia no nā mammograms i hana ʻia ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hopena mammogram e hāʻule i loko o nā ʻāpana 1 a i ʻole 2, ʻo ia hoʻi nā mea i loaʻa maʻamau a maikaʻi paha. Inā hōʻike kāu mau hopena i ka mahele 3 a i ʻole ke kiʻekiʻe, e kūkākūkā kāu kauka i nā hana aʻe me ʻoe, e komo paha i nā kiʻi hou a i ʻole ka biopsy.

He aha nā mea pilikia no nā hopena mammogram maʻamau?

Nui nā mea e hiki ke hoʻonui i kou kūlana e loaʻa ai nā loli i kāu mammogram, akā he mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole maʻi maʻi ka hapa nui o nā loli umauma. Hiki i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau mea pilikia ke kōkua iā ʻoe a me kāu kauka e hana i nā hoʻoholo kūpono e pili ana i kou olakino umauma.

ʻO ka makahiki ka mea pilikia nui loa no ka maʻi maʻi umauma a me nā hopena mammogram maʻamau ʻole. I kou wā e ʻelemakule ai, piʻi kou pilikia, me ka hapa nui o nā maʻi maʻi umauma e kū ana i nā wahine ma luna o 50.

Eia nā mea pilikia nui e pili ana i kāu mau hopena mammogram:

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• ʻO ka mōʻaukala ʻohana o ka maʻi maʻi umauma a i ʻole ka maʻi maʻi ovarian, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā pili pili
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• ʻO ka mōʻaukala pilikino o ka maʻi maʻi umauma a i ʻole kekahi mau maʻi umauma maikaʻi
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• Nā hoʻololi genetic e like me BRCA1, BRCA2, a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi maʻi hoʻoilina ʻē aʻe
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• ʻO ka ʻiʻo umauma paʻa, hiki ke paʻakikī i nā mammograms ke heluhelu
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• ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka radiation umauma mua, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka wā ʻōpio
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• Hoʻohana lōʻihi i ka therapy pani hormone
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• ʻAʻole i loaʻa nā keiki a i ʻole ka loaʻa ʻana o kāu keiki mua ma hope o ka makahiki 30
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• Hoʻomaka mua ka menstruation (ma mua o ka makahiki 12) a i ʻole ka menopause lohi (ma hope o ka makahiki 55)
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ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā mea pilikia ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi maʻi umauma. Nui nā wahine me nā mea pilikia ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka maʻi, ʻoiai ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe me ka ʻole o nā mea pilikia i ʻike ʻia.

He aha nā pilikia hiki ke loaʻa i nā mammograms?

He palekana loa nā mammograms me nā pilikia liʻiliʻi. He haʻahaʻa loa ka ʻike ʻana i ka radiation mai kahi mammogram – ma kahi o ka nui āu e loaʻa ai mai ka radiation background ma luna o ʻehiku pule o ke ola i kēlā me kēia lā.

ʻO ka

• He ʻeha pōkole o ka umauma a i ʻole ka ʻeha mai ka paʻi ʻana
• Nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole e hiki ke hoʻopilikia a alakaʻi i nā hoʻokolohua hou ʻole
• Nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole e hiki ke hala i kekahi mau maʻi ʻaʻai, ʻoiai i nā wahine me ka ʻiʻo umauma paʻa
• Ka hōʻike ʻana i ka radiation, ʻoiai he liʻiliʻi loa ka pilikia
• Ke kāhea hou ʻana no nā kiʻi hou, e hana ʻia ana ma kahi o 10% o nā mammograms screening

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā pōmaikaʻi o ka mammography ma mua o kēia mau pilikia liʻiliʻi no ka hapa nui o nā wahine. Inā he hopohopo kāu e pili ana i kekahi ʻano o ka mammography, e kūkākūkā me kāu mea mālama ola.

I ka manawa hea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka e pili ana i nā hopena mammogram?

E hoʻouna ʻia nā hopena mammogram iā ʻoe i ke kauka, nāna e hoʻokaʻaʻike iā ʻoe me nā mea i loaʻa. Pono ka hapa nui o nā keʻena e hoʻouna iā ʻoe i kahi hōʻuluʻulu o kāu mau hopena i loko o 30 mau lā, ʻoiai he nui ka poʻe e hāʻawi i nā hopena i ka wā mua.

Pono ʻoe e hoʻokaʻaʻike i kāu kauka inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e lohe e pili ana i kāu mau hopena i loko o ʻelua pule o kāu mammogram. Mai manaʻo ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka nūhou – he mea nui e hahai i nā hoʻokolohua olakino a pau.

Eia nā kūlana kikoʻī i ka wā e pono ai ʻoe e hoʻokaʻaʻike i kāu mea mālama ola:

• ʻAʻole ʻoe i loaʻa i kāu mau hopena i loko o ʻelua pule
• He mau nīnau kāu e pili ana i kāu mau hopena i wehewehe ʻole ʻia
• Hōʻike kāu mau hopena e pono ana ʻoe i nā kiʻi hou a i ʻole ka hahai ʻana
• ʻIke ʻoe i nā loli umauma hou ma hope o kāu mammogram
• Pono ʻoe no kāu mammogram screening e hiki mai ana

E hoʻomanaʻo ʻo ka hoʻihoʻi ʻia ʻana no nā kiʻi hou he mea maʻamau a ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he maʻi ʻaʻai kou. Aia kāu kauka e alakaʻi iā ʻoe ma ke kaʻina hana a pane i nā nīnau āu e loaʻa ai.

Nā nīnau i nīnau pinepine ʻia e pili ana i nā mammograms

Q1: He maikaʻi anei ka mammogram screening no ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma?

ʻAe, he mea pono loa ka nānā ʻana i ka mammogram no ka ʻike mua ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi umauma. Hōʻike nā haʻawina e hiki i ka nānā ʻana i ka mammogram maʻamau ke hōʻemi i nā make o ka maʻi maʻi umauma ma kahi o 20-40% i nā wahine ma luna o 40.

Hiki i nā mammogram ke ʻike i nā maʻi maʻi umauma ma kahi o ʻelua makahiki ma mua o ka hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo kino. ʻO kēia ʻike mua ʻana e pili pinepine ana i nā maʻi liʻiliʻi ʻaʻole i laha i nā lymph nodes, e alakaʻi ana i nā hopena lapaʻau maikaʻi a me nā helu ola.

Q2: Hoʻopilikia anei ka ʻiʻo umauma paʻa i nā hopena mammogram?

ʻAe, hiki i ka ʻiʻo umauma paʻa ke paʻakikī i ka heluhelu pololei ʻana i nā mammogram. Hōʻike keʻokeʻo ka ʻiʻo paʻa ma nā mammogram, e like me ke ʻano o nā maʻi, hiki ke hūnā i ka maʻi maʻi a i ʻole ke hana i nā ʻōlelo hoʻopunipuni.

Inā he umauma paʻa kou, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i nā ʻano hana nānā hou e like me ka ultrasound umauma a i ʻole MRI me kāu mau mammogram maʻamau. Ma kahi o 40% o nā wahine he ʻiʻo umauma paʻa, no laila ʻaʻole ʻoe wale nō inā pili kēia iā ʻoe.

Q3: Pehea ka pinepine e loaʻa ai iaʻu kahi mammogram?

Pono ka hapa nui o nā wahine e hoʻomaka i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mammogram makahiki ma waena o nā makahiki 40-50, ma muli o ko lākou mau mea pilikia a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a kā lākou kauka. Pono paha nā wahine i ka pilikia nui e hoʻomaka i ka wā ma mua a loaʻa i ka nānā pinepine.

Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka manawa kūpono ma muli o kou kūlana pilikino, ka mōʻaukala ʻohana, a me nā mea pilikia pilikino. Hiki i kāu mea mālama ola ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka papa hana nānā maikaʻi loa no kāu mau kūlana kikoʻī.

Q4: Hiki iaʻu ke loaʻa kahi mammogram inā he implants umauma kaʻu?

ʻAe, hiki iā ʻoe a pono nō hoʻi e loaʻa nā mammogram inā he implants umauma kāu. Eia naʻe, pono ka hana i nā ʻenehana kūikawā a hiki ke lōʻihi ma mua o ka mammogram maʻamau.

Pono ka mea loea e lawe i nā kiʻi hou e ʻike a puni a ma hope o nā implants. E hōʻoia e haʻi i ka hale ke hoʻonohonoho ʻoe i kāu manawa e loaʻa ana iā ʻoe nā implants, i hiki iā lākou ke hoʻolālā e like me ia a hōʻoia i ka ʻike o ka mea loea i ka hana kiʻi implant.

Nīnau 5: He aha ka mea e hana ʻia inā hōʻike kaʻu mammogram i kahi mea maʻamau ʻole?

Inā hōʻike kāu mammogram i kahi mea maʻamau ʻole, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he maʻi ʻaʻai kou. Nui nā mea maʻamau ʻole i lilo i mea maikaʻi (ʻaʻole maʻi ʻaʻai) e like me nā cysts, fibroadenomas, a i ʻole nā ʻiʻo ʻeha.

E ʻōlelo paha kāu kauka i nā hoʻokolohua hou e like me ka mammography diagnostic, ultrasound umauma, a i ʻole kahi biopsy e loaʻa ai ka ʻike hou aku. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā wahine i kāhea ʻia no nā hoʻokolohua hou ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai, no laila e hoʻāʻo ʻaʻole e hopohopo i ka wā e kali ana i ka ʻike hou aku.