He aha ka Spirometry? Ke Kumu, ke Kaʻina Hana & nā Hōʻike

ʻO ka spirometry kahi hoʻokolohua hanu maʻalahi e ana i ka nui o ka ea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hanu i loko a i waho, a pehea ka wikiwiki e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hana. E noʻonoʻo iā ia he hoʻokolohua olakino no kou mau māmā - kōkua ia i nā kauka e hoʻomaopopo i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o kāu ʻōnaehana hanu a inā paha he pilikia e pili ana i kou hanu ʻana.

He aha ka spirometry?

ʻO ka spirometry kahi hoʻokolohua hana māmā ʻaʻole ʻeha e ana i kou hiki ke hanu a me ke kahe o ka ea. I ka wā o ka hoʻokolohua, e hanu ʻoe i loko o kahi mea i kapa ʻia he spirometer, e hoʻopaʻa ana i ka ʻike kikoʻī e pili ana i ka hana o kou māmā.

Ke nānā nei ka hoʻokolohua i ʻelua ana nui: ka nui o ka ea e hiki ai i kou mau māmā ke paʻa a me ka wikiwiki e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke kipaku i kēlā ea i waho. Kōkua kēia mau helu i nā kauka e ʻike i nā pilikia hanu i ka wā mua a e nānā i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka manawa.

Manaʻo ka hapa nui o nā kānaka he maʻalahi a ʻoluʻolu ka spirometry. ʻO ka hana holoʻokoʻa e lawe maʻamau ma kahi o 15-30 mau minuke, a hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomau i kāu lā maʻamau ma hope koke.

No ke aha e hana ʻia ai ka spirometry?

Paipai nā kauka i ka spirometry e ʻike i nā maʻi hanu, e nānā i nā pilikia māmā e kū nei, a e nānā i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ia kekahi o nā ala hilinaʻi loa e kiʻi i kahi kiʻi maopopo o kou olakino māmā.

Inā ua ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e like me ka pōkole o ka hanu, ka ʻū mau ʻana, a i ʻole ka paʻa ʻana o ka umauma, hiki i ka spirometry ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i ke kumu. He mea pono loa ka hoʻokolohua no ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi e like me ka maʻi asthma, ka maʻi pulmonary obstructive mau (COPD), a me nā maʻi hanu ʻē aʻe.

Hiki nō hoʻi i kāu kauka ke kauoha i ka spirometry ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka nānā olakino maʻamau, ʻoiai inā he mau mea pilikia kāu no ka maʻi māmā. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke komo i ka mōʻaukala o ka puhi ʻana i ka paka, ka ʻike ʻana i nā kemika ma kahi hana, a i ʻole ka mōʻaukala ʻohana o nā maʻi hanu.

I kekahi manawa, hana ʻia ka spirometry ma mua o ke ʻoki ʻana e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o kou mau māmā no ka anesthesia. He mea kōkua nō hoʻi ia no ka nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i nā maʻi e like me ka maʻi hānō a i ʻole COPD.

He aha ke kaʻina hana no ka spirometry?

He maʻalahi ke kaʻina hana spirometry a hana ʻia i loko o ke keʻena o kāu kauka a i ʻole kahi keʻena hoʻāʻo kūikawā. E noho ʻoe me ka ʻoluʻolu i loko o kahi noho aʻoiai e alakaʻi ke kanaka loea i aʻo ʻia iā ʻoe ma ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa.

ʻO ka mea mua, e kau ke kanaka loea i kahi paʻi palupalu ma kou ihu e hōʻoia i ka hele ʻana o ka ea a pau ma kou waha i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo. A laila e kau ʻoe i kou lehelehe a puni kahi waha waha maʻemaʻe i hoʻopili ʻia i ka mīkini spirometer.

Eia ka mea e hana ʻia i ka wā o nā hoʻāʻo hanu maoli:

1. E hanu hohonu loa ʻoe, e hoʻopiha loa i kou mau māmā
2. A laila e puhi ʻoe i waho me ka ikaika a me ka wikiwiki e like me ka hiki no ka lōʻihi e like me ka hiki
3. E aʻo ke kanaka loea iā ʻoe ma kēlā me kēia hanu, e hāʻawi ana i nā ʻōlelo maopopo
4. E hana hou ʻoe i kēia kaʻina hana i nā manawa he nui e hōʻoia i nā hopena pololei
5. I kekahi manawa e hana pū ʻoe i nā hoʻāʻo hanu mālie a paʻa no nā ana hou

E paipai ke kanaka loea iā ʻoe i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo a hiki iā ia ke noi iā ʻoe e hoʻāʻo i kekahi mau manawa e loaʻa ai kāu hana maikaʻi loa. Mai hopohopo inā manaʻo ʻoe he māmā iki - he mea maʻamau kēia a e hala koke.

I kekahi mau hihia, makemake paha kāu kauka e ʻike i ka pane ʻana o kou mau māmā i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Inā pēlā, e hoʻohana ʻoe i kahi inhaler a laila e hana hou i ka hoʻāʻo spirometry ma kahi o 15 mau minuke ma hope e hoʻohālikelike i nā hopena.

Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai no kāu hoʻāʻo spirometry?

He maʻalahi ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no ka spirometry, akā ʻo ka hahai ʻana i kekahi mau alakaʻi e kōkua i ka hōʻoia ʻana i nā hopena pololei loa. E hāʻawi ke keʻena o kāu kauka iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī, akā eia nā ʻanuʻu hoʻomākaukau maʻamau.

I ka lā o kāu hoʻokolohua, e ʻaʻahu i nā lole ākea a ʻoluʻolu ʻaʻole e kāohi i kou hanu ʻana. E pale i nā kāʻei paʻa, nā pālule paʻa, a i ʻole kekahi mea e paʻakikī ai ka hanu hohonu.

Hiki i kāu kauka ke noi iā ʻoe e hooki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o ka hoʻokolohua. Kōkua kēia mau hoʻomākaukau e hōʻoia i kāu mau hopena e hōʻike ana i ka hana maoli o kou mau māmā:

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• E pale i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā inhalers hoʻopakele no 4-6 mau hola ma mua o ka hoʻokolohua
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• Mai hoʻohana i nā bronchodilators lōʻihi no 12-24 mau hola ma mua
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• E lele i ka caffeine a pale i ka puhi ʻana no ka liʻiliʻi o 4 mau hola ma mua
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• E ʻai wale i ka ʻai māmā ma mua o kāu manawa
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• E hoʻomau i ka lawe ʻana i kāu mau lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau ke ʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia
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E hōʻoia e haʻi i kāu mea mālama ola e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā mea hoʻohui āu e lawe nei. E kōkua lākou iā ʻoe e hana i kahi hoʻolālā palekana no kāu kūlana kikoʻī.

E hoʻāʻo e hōʻea i kāu manawa e manaʻo ana i ka hoʻomaha a me ka hoʻomaha maikaʻi. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ke anu, ke kuni, a i ʻole ka maʻi hanu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻonohonoho hou i ka hoʻokolohua no ka wā e maikaʻi loa ai ʻoe.

Pehea e heluhelu ai i kāu mau hopena spirometry?

E maʻalahi ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kāu mau hopena spirometry ke ʻike ʻoe i ke ʻano o nā helu nui. E wehewehe kāu kauka i kāu mau hopena kikoʻī, akā eia ka mea e haʻi mai ai nā ana nui iā mākou e pili ana i kāu hana māmā.

ʻO nā ana ʻelua nui loa ʻo FEV1 a me FVC. ʻO FEV1 ke kū nei no

• 80% a i ʻoi aku paha o nā waiwai i wānana ʻia: Hana maʻamau o ka māmā
• 70-79% o nā waiwai i wānana ʻia: Hoʻemi iki i ka hana o ka māmā
• 60-69% o nā waiwai i wānana ʻia: Hoʻemi kūpono
• 50-59% o nā waiwai i wānana ʻia: Hoʻemi nui
• Ma lalo o 50% o nā waiwai i wānana ʻia: Hoʻemi nui i ka hana o ka māmā

He mea nui nō hoʻi ka lakio ma waena o FEV1 a me FVC. ʻO ka lakio maʻamau he 0.75 a i ʻole, ʻo ia hoʻi hiki iā ʻoe ke puhi ma ka liʻiliʻi he 75% o kou hiki ke māmā i ka kekona mua.

E nānā kāu kauka i kēia mau helu a pau, me kāu mau hōʻailona a me ka mōʻaukala olakino, e kiʻi i kahi kiʻi piha o kou olakino māmā. E hoʻomanaʻo he kiʻi wale nō ka hoʻāʻo hoʻokahi - hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku e hana hou i nā hoʻāʻo e nānā i nā loli i ka manawa.

Pehea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kāu mau hopena spirometry?

ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi i kou hiki ke māmā maoli, aia kekahi mau ala e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kāu hana māmā a hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i kāu mau hopena spirometry i ka manawa. ʻO ke kī ka nānā ʻana i ke olakino hanu holoʻokoʻa a me ka hahai ʻana i ka hoʻolālā lapaʻau a kāu kauka.

Inā puhi ʻoe i ka paka, ʻo ka haʻalele ʻana ka hana nui loa e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hana no kou olakino māmā. ʻOiai inā ua puhi ʻoe i ka paka no nā makahiki, hoʻomaka kou māmā e hoʻōla a hana maikaʻi i loko o nā pule o ka hooki ʻana.

Hiki i ka hoʻoikaika kino mau ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i kāu hana māmā a me ka pono o ka hanu ʻana. Hiki i kēia mau hana ke kōkua nui i kou olakino hanu:

• Hele wāwae, ʻauʻau, a i ʻole ka holo kaʻa no ka hoʻoikaika kino cardiovascular
• Nā hana hanu a me nā ʻenehana e like me ka hanu diaphragmatic
• Yoga a i ʻole tai chi no ka mālama ʻana i ka hanu a me ka hoʻomaha
• Ke mele ʻana a i ʻole ka pāʻani ʻana i nā mea kani makani e hoʻoikaika i nā ʻiʻo hanu
• Nā papahana hoʻoponopono pulmonary inā ʻōlelo ʻia e kāu kauka

He mea nui ka lawe ʻana i kāu mau lāʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia e like me ke kuhikuhi ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi e like me ka maʻi hānō a i ʻole COPD. Mai haʻalele i nā lāʻau a i ʻole e hooki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau me ka ʻole e kamaʻilio mua me kāu mea mālama ola.

Hiki nō hoʻi ke pale aku i nā mea hoʻonāukiuki hanu ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i kāu hana māmā. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia i ka noho ʻana mai ka uahi lua, nā uahi kemika ikaika, a me ka haumia o ka ea ke hiki.

Inā he maʻi ʻaʻai kou, hiki i ka mālama pono ʻana iā lākou ke hōʻemi i ka mumū i loko o kou mau ala ea a hoʻomaikaʻi i kou hanu ʻana. Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole e hōʻike i nā ala e pale aku ai i kāu mau mea hoʻoulu.

He aha nā mea pilikia no nā hopena spirometry maʻamau ʻole?

Hiki i kekahi mau mea ke hoʻonui i kou hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena spirometry maʻamau ʻole, a ʻo ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana iā lākou ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hana i nā hana e pale ai i kou olakino māmā. Aia kekahi mau mea pilikia hiki iā ʻoe ke kāohi, aʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe he ʻāpana o kou hana maoli.

ʻO ka puhi ʻana i ka paka ka mea nui loa e hiki ke kāohi ʻia no ka hana māmā maikaʻi ʻole. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia i nā paka, nā cigar, nā paipu, a me ka ʻike ʻana i ka uahi lua no nā makahiki he nui.

Hiki i nā ʻike kaiapuni a me nā hana ke hoʻopilikia nui i kou olakino māmā i ka manawa. Pono kēia mau mea pilikia i ka nānā kūikawā:

• ʻO ka ʻike lōʻihi ʻana i ka lepo, nā kemika, a i ʻole nā uahi ma ka hana
• Ke noho nei ma nā wahi me nā pae haumia ea kiʻekiʻe
• ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ka asbestos, silica, a i ʻole nā ʻāpana ʻino ʻē aʻe
• Ka haumia o ka ea i loko o ka hale mai nā kapuahi lāʻau a i ʻole ka ea maikaʻi ʻole
• Nā maʻi hanu pinepine i ka wā kamaliʻi

Aia kekahi mau mea pilikia ma waho o kāu mana akā he mea nui nō e ʻike. Hiki i ka mōʻaukala ʻohana o nā maʻi māmā e like me ka maʻi hānō, COPD, a i ʻole pulmonary fibrosis ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia.

Hoʻopilikia maoli ka makahiki i ka hana māmā - ma hope o ka makahiki 25, e emi mālie ka hiki o ka māmā i nā mea liʻiliʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki. He mea maʻamau kēia, akā hiki i nā maʻi e like me COPD ke wikiwiki i kēia emi.

Hiki i kekahi mau maʻi ke hoʻopilikia i nā hopena spirometry. Aia kēia mau mea i ka maʻi puʻuwai, nā ʻano ʻino o ka paia o ka umauma, nā maʻi neuromuscular, a me nā maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeha o ka māmā.

He aha nā pilikia e hiki ke loaʻa i nā hopena spirometry haʻahaʻa?

Hōʻike pinepine nā hopena spirometry haʻahaʻa i nā maʻi māmā e hiki ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia like ʻole inā ʻaʻole i mālama ʻia. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau pilikia e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hana pū me kāu hui mālama ola ma ka mālama ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana.

Hiki i ka hana māmā i hōʻemi ʻia ke hana i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā i ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī i ka manawa. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hanu wikiwiki i ka piʻi ʻana i ke alapiʻi, ka hele ʻana i nā mamao lōʻihi, a i ʻole i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā.

Ke hoʻopilikia nui ʻia ka hana māmā, ʻaʻole paha e loaʻa i kou kino ka oxygen lawa i ka wā e hana ai i ka hana kino a i ʻole i ka wā e hoʻomaha ai. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i kekahi mau pilikia e pili ana:

• Hoʻonui i ka pilikia o nā maʻi hanu e like me ka pneumonia
• Ka pilikia o ka puʻuwai mai ka hana ʻana i ka hana paʻakikī e pauma i ke koko ma nā māmā i pōʻino
• Hoʻemi ʻia ka hoʻomanawanui i ka hoʻoikaika kino a me ke olakino kino
• Nā pilikia hiamoe ma muli o nā pilikia hanu
• Ka hopohopo a i ʻole ke kaumaha e pili ana i nā palena hanu

I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, hiki i ka hana māmā haʻahaʻa ke holomua i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu, kahi e hiki ʻole ai i nā māmā ke hāʻawi i ka oxygen lawa a i ʻole e wehe i ka carbon dioxide lawa mai ke koko. He maʻi koʻikoʻi kēia e pono ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau koke.

Pono paha kekahi poʻe me ka hana māmā i hōʻemi nui ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau oxygen hou e mālama i nā pae oxygen kūpono i ko lākou koko. ʻOiai he mea weliweli paha kēia, hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau oxygen ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻoi aku ka ikaika a me ka ʻoluʻolu.

ʻO ka lono maikaʻi, me ka mālama kūpono, hiki ke pale ʻia a lohi nui ʻia ka nui o kēia mau pilikia. ʻO ka ʻike mua ʻana ma o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka spirometry e hiki ai ke komo i ka manawa kūpono a me nā hopena maikaʻi i ka wā lōʻihi.

I ka manawa hea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka no ka spirometry?

Pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo e nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana i ka spirometry inā ʻoe e ʻike nei i nā hōʻailona hanu mau a i ʻole nā mea pilikia no ka maʻi māmā. Hiki i ka hoʻāʻo mua ke hopu i nā pilikia ma mua o ka lilo ʻana i mea koʻikoʻi.

Inā pilikia ʻoe i ka hanu ʻana, he mea nui ʻaʻole e nānā ʻole i kēia mau hōʻailona. ʻO ka pōkole o ka hanu mau ʻana, ʻoiai i ka wā o nā hana āu i hana maʻalahi ai, e hōʻoia i ka loiloi me ka spirometry.

Hōʻike kēia mau hōʻailona i ka manawa e kūkākūkā ai i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka spirometry me kāu mea mālama ola:

• ʻO ka ʻū mau e mau ana ma mua o kekahi mau pule
• ʻO ka pōkole o ka hanu ʻana i ka wā o nā hana maʻamau
• ʻO ka hū ʻana a i ʻole nā leo ʻū e kani ana i ka wā e hanu ai ʻoe
• ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka umauma a i ʻole ka manaʻo ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke lawa ka ea
• Nā maʻi hanu pinepine
• ʻO ka luhi e pili ana i nā pilikia hanu

ʻOiai inā ʻaʻohe ou hōʻailona, ​​hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i ka spirometry inā he mau mea pilikia nui kāu. He ʻoiaʻiʻo loa kēia inā he mea puhi paka ʻoe i kēia manawa a i ʻole ma mua, hana i kahi kaiapuni me nā mea hoʻonāukiuki māmā, a i ʻole he moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi māmā.

Inā ua ʻike mua ʻia ʻoe me kahi maʻi māmā e like me ka maʻi asthma a i ʻole COPD, kōkua ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka spirometry maʻamau i kāu kauka e nānā i kou kūlana a hoʻoponopono i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka mea e pono ai. Mai kali a ʻino nā hōʻailona - he mea nui ka nānā ʻana i ka pale.

E hilinaʻi i kou mau manaʻo e pili ana i kou hanu ʻana. Inā manaʻo ʻokoʻa a hopohopo paha kekahi mea, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nānā ʻana. Hiki i kāu kauka ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo inā kūpono ka spirometry no kou kūlana.

Nā nīnau i nīnau pinepine ʻia e pili ana i ka spirometry

Nīnau 1. He maikaʻi anei ka hoʻāʻo spirometry no ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi asthma?

ʻAe, maikaʻi loa ka spirometry no ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi asthma a ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā hoʻāʻo hilinaʻi loa no kēia maʻi. Hiki iā ia ke hōʻike i ke ʻano o ka pale ʻana i nā ala ea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai me ka lāʻau bronchodilator.

I ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo, hōʻike maʻamau ka poʻe me ka maʻi asthma i ka emi ʻana o ke kahe ʻana o ka ea e hoʻomaikaʻi nui ai ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka inhaler. ʻO kēia hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia he hiʻohiʻona nui e kōkua ai i nā kauka e hoʻokaʻawale i ka maʻi asthma mai nā maʻi hanu ʻē aʻe.

Nīnau 2. Hoʻokumu anei nā hopena spirometry haʻahaʻa i ka hopohopo?

ʻAʻole hoʻokumu pololei nā hopena spirometry haʻahaʻa i ka hopohopo, akā hiki iā lākou ke kōkua i nā manaʻo o ka hopohopo a i ʻole ke kaumaha e pili ana i kou olakino. He mea maʻamau ka manaʻo hopohopo ke aʻo ʻoe e pili ana i ka emi ʻana o ka hana o ka māmā.

Eia naʻe, hiki i nā pilikia hanu ke hoʻoulu i nā hōʻailona hopohopo, e hana ana i kahi pōʻai kahi e hoʻonui ai ka hopohopo e pili ana i ka hanu ʻana i ka pilikia. ʻO ka hana pū ʻana me kāu hui mālama ola ma nā ʻano kino a me nā manaʻo o nā maʻi māmā hiki ke kōkua nui.

Nīnau 3. Hiki i ka spirometry ke ʻike i ka maʻi maʻi māmā?

ʻAʻole hiki i ka spirometry ke ʻike pololei i ka maʻi maʻi māmā, no ka mea, ana ia i ka hana o ka māmā ma mua o ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻōpū a i ʻole nā ulu ʻino. Eia naʻe, hiki iā ia ke hōʻike i ka emi ʻana o ka hana o ka māmā inā nui ka ʻōpū e ālai i nā ala ea a i ʻole e pili ana i ka hanu.

Inā manaʻo kāu kauka i ka maʻi maʻi māmā, e kauoha lākou i nā hoʻāʻo like ʻole e like me nā X-ray umauma, CT scans, a i ʻole nā haʻawina kiʻi ʻē aʻe. ʻOi aku ka pono o ka Spirometry no ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi e like me ka maʻi asthma, COPD, a me nā pilikia māmā hana ʻē aʻe.

Nīnau 4. Pehea ka pinepine e hana hou ai au i ka hoʻāʻo spirometry?

Aia ka pinepine o ka hoʻāʻo spirometry i kāu kūlana pilikino a me nā maʻi māmā āu e loaʻa ai. No ka poʻe me ka maʻi asthma a i ʻole COPD, ʻōlelo pinepine nā kauka i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i kēlā me kēia 6-12 mahina e nānā i ke kūlana.

Inā e mālama ʻia ana ʻoe no kahi maʻi o ka māmā, makemake paha kāu kauka i nā hoʻokolohua pinepine e ʻike i ka maikaʻi o kāu lapaʻau. No ka nānā ʻana i ke olakino maʻamau i nā kānaka i pilikia nui, kūpono paha ka hoʻokolohua i kēlā me kēia mau makahiki.

Q.5 Aia kekahi pilikia a i ʻole nā hopena ʻaoʻao mai ka spirometry?

He palekana loa ka spirometry me nā pilikia liʻiliʻi no ka hapa nui o nā kānaka. ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau he mea manawa a maʻalahi, e like me ka manaʻo ʻana i ka wili iki a i ʻole ka māmā ma hope o nā hana hanu ikaika.

Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ʻike i kahi ʻū iki a i ʻole ka luhi ma hope o ka hoʻokolohua, akā hoʻoponopono maʻamau kēia mau hopena i loko o kekahi mau minuke. I nā manawa kakaʻikahi, hiki i ka hoʻokolohua ke hoʻomaka i nā pilikia hanu i nā kānaka me ka hānō nui, akā ʻike nā loea i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia i ka pehea e mālama ai i kēia mau kūlana me ka palekana.