Kei Te Rauwhiia Ahau, He Raruraru Ano Ranei Tenei? Te Māramatanga ki ngā Tohu me te Pēhea te Mōhio

Kāore he whakamātau ipurangi e taea te whakapumau i te ADHD. Me pēnei te kōrero i te tuatahi, nā te mea he tokomaha ngā tāngata ka tae ki tēnei kaupapa me te tūmanako kia whai whakautu tuturu mai i tētahi rārangi taki, ā, ehara tēnā i te huarahi e whai wāhi ai te whakapumautanga o te ADHD. Ngā taputapu whakatau-whaiaro ka taea te āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau mena ka ōrite āu tohu ki te ADHD kia tika ai te whakarite i tētahi aromātai ngaio? Ko tēnā tō rātou kaupapa. Tātari, ehara i te whakapumautanga.

Ko te Taputapu Tātari Whaiaro Tino Whai Take: ASRS

Ko te Adult ADHD Self Report Scale (ASRS) te tikanga tātari e tino tohua nuitia ana mō te ADHD i roto i ngā pakeke. I whakawhanakehia tēnei e te World Health Organization (WHO) me ngā kairangahau mai i te Harvard Medical School me te New York University.

E 18 ngā pātai kei roto i te ASRS, ā, kei runga i ngā paearu DSM, ā, ka wehea ki ngā wāhanga e rua. Kei te wāhanga A e 6 ngā tūemi, koinei ngā tohu kaha rawa atu hei tohu mō te whakapumautanga o te ADHD. Ka tāpiri te wāhanga B ki ētahi atu tūemi 12 e āta tirotiro ana ki ngā wāhanga tohu motuhake. Ia pātai ka whakamahi i tētahi tauine e rima ngā taumata mai i te "Kāore rawa" ki te "Tino Auau".

Mō te tika: I te tau whakamātautau tika i te tau 2020, ka whakatauritea ngā pakeke 646 kua whakapumautia e te tākuta he ADHD ki te 908 o te rōpū whakahaere, ka kitea te ASRS he Area Under the Curve (AUC) o 0.904, ka kiia he tika teitei mō te whakapumautanga mō tētahi taputapu tātari. Ko te kaitātari 6-tūemi o te Wāhanga A i tata rite tonu te mahi (AUC 0.903). I te taumata tapahi kua tohua, i tika te tautuhi i te 9 o te 10 pakeke whai ADHD, i te wā e mau ana te 88% o te motuhēhētanga.

Engari, he herenga mārama anō tō te ASRS. Ka whakamahi i tētahi puka pātai kati "āe/kāore" rānei ngā whakatauranga auau, te tikanga ka hopukina ngā tohu mata, kāore he horopaki. Kāore e taea te wehewehe i te ADHD i ngā mate e whakaputa ana i ngā tohu e ōrite ana. Ā, kāore i hangaia kia mahi hei taputapu whakapumautanga motuhake. Kua mārama ngā kairangahau kei muri i tēnei: he kaitātari tēnei, ehara i te uiui tākuta.

Kei reira anō ētahi atu taputapu whai take. Ko te Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) ka aromātai i ngā tohu o te tamarikitanga. Ko ngā Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS) ka whakamahia nuitia i ngā wāhi rongoā. Ko ngā Vanderbilt Assessment Scales ka whakamahia nuitia mō ngā tamariki. Kāore tētahi o ēnei e whakakapi ana i tētahi aromātai ngaio.

Ngā Tohu Tūturu o te ADHD

Ki te ngana koe ki te whakatau mena ka ōrite āu wheako ki te ADHD, ka āwhina te mōhio ki ngā mea e rapua ana e ngā tākuta. Ka whakarōpū te DSM 5 i ngā tohu ADHD ki ngā kāwai e rua.

Ngā tohu o te Māramatanga Kāore E Ranea: uaua ki te mau tonu i te aro ki ngā mahi (ina koa ngā mea kāore i te tino pai), te mahi hapa mā te tūroro i te mahi, te kore whakarongo ki te tangata e kōrero tika ana, te kore e whai i ngā tohutohu, te kore e whakaoti i ngā kaupapa, te uaua tonu ki te whakarite mahi me te whakahaere wā, te karo, te whakahē rānei i ngā mahi e hiahiatia ana te kaha hinengaro kia mau tonu, te ngaro tonu o ngā mea e hiahiatia ana mō te ora o ia rā (ngā kī, waea, putea, tuhinga), te ngāwari ki te whakararuraru e ngā whakaaro kore hononga, te wareware rānei i ngā kawenga auau pēnei i ngā whakaritenga, pire, me te whakahoki waea.

Ngā tohu o te Nekeneke me te Whaiwhai: te ngau ngā ringaringa, te werohanga rānei i te wā e tatari ana kia noho tonu, te whakarere i te tūru i ngā wāhi e tatari ana kia noho tonu, te māharahara, te kore e taea te noho humarie (i ngā pakeke ka puta tēnei hei māharahara ā-hinengaro, ehara i te neke tinana), te uaua ki te uru ki ngā mahi mā te noho humarie, te māharahara kia rite ki te tere o te waka, te kōrero nui, te whakautu tonu i mua i te mutunga o te pātai, te uaua ki te tatari i tō wā, me te takawaenga tonu ki ētahi atu.

Mō ngā pakeke 17 tau neke atu rānei, me whai te DSM 5 i te iti rawa e rima ngā tohu i tētahi kāwai, kāore rānei, kua mau mo te 6 marama neke atu, kua puta ki te 2 wāhi (mahi, kāinga, pāpori), ā, kua puta ai he raruraru nui ki te mahi. Ko te mea nui, me kua puta ngā tohu i mua i te 12 o ngā tau, ahakoa kāore anō kia tautuhia.

Ka wheako ia tangata ētahi o ēnei mea i tētahi wā. Ko te mea e wehewehe ana i te ADHD i te tauwhiwhi noa, ko te tauira: kei te mau tonu ēnei tohu, ka horapa ki ngā wāhi maha o te ora, ā, ka puta mai he raruraru ka taea te ine ki te kore e eke ki te wā, te pakaru o ngā hononga, te noho mangere o te mahi, te ngoikore o te mahi ako - ehara i te mea he raruraru noa.

Me Pēhea te Putanga o ngā Tohu i Tā te Tau me te Ira Tangata

Kāore te ADHD e rite ana ki tēnā ki tēnā, ā, ko te māramatanga ki te rerekee o te whakaaturanga ka taea te huri i te taha ki te mōhio koe ki a koe i roto i ngā paearu.

I ngā tamariki, ko te kaha o te nekeneke te āhuatanga tino kitea o te tamaiti kāore e noho humarie, e neke tonu ana, e raruraru ana i te akomanga. Tae noa ki te pakeketanga, ka huri te kaha o te nekeneke tinana hei māharahara ā-hinengaro: he hinengaro tere, he uaua ki te noho humarie, he hiahia tonu ki te mahi i tētahi mea. Ko ngā pakeke whai ADHD ka iti ake te peke atu i ō rātou tūru, ā, ka nui ake te tango i a rātou waea ia 90 hēkona, ā, ka rere te hinengaro ki waenga i ngā whakaaro e rima kāore anō kia oti i te wā o tētahi kōrero.

Ka āhua kē hoki te whakaaturanga i te ira tangata. Ko ngā paearu whakapumautanga mō te ADHD i hangaia i runga i ngā rangahau o ngā tama (81% ngā kaiuru tāne i roto i ngā rangahau taketake, e ai ki tētahi arotake i te Journal of Attention Disorders). Ko ngā tama ka puta mai ki te nuinga o ngā tohu e whakakite ana ki waho (nekeneke, whaiwhai, whanonga raruraru), he ngāwari te kite i tētahi akomanga. Ko ngā kotiro ka puta mai ki te nuinga o ngā tohu māramatanga kore e ranea - te moemoeā, te kore whakarite, te mamae puku ki te whai i te tere - ka iti ake te kitea e ngā kaiako me ngā mātua.

Ko tēnei tētahi o ngā take matua e kitea ai ngā wahine kua pakeke. I te tamarikitanga, ka kitea ngā tama i te 2 ki te 3 ngā wā nui atu i ngā kotiro. Engari i te pakeketanga, ka tata te 1:1 te ōwehenga, te tikanga he tokomaha ngā wahine kua whai ADHD i ngā wā katoa, ā, kua ngaro noa iho. Ko ngā wahine whai ADHD ka nui ake te whai i ngā tikanga whakatikatika e huna ana i ō rātou tohu, ā, ka nui ake te whakapumautia he mate manawapā, he pouri rānei ki a rātou i te tuatahi.

Ki te wahine koe e pānui ana i tēnei ā, ka mea, "Kāore au e rite ki te tauira o te ADHD engari ka ōrite āku tohu māramatanga kore e ranea," he mea tika kia tirohia. Kāore e oti te tauira, ehara i te kupu whakamutunga.

Ngā Kāore E Āta Mōhiotia E Ngā Aromātai Whaiaro?

Koinei te wāhi ka u o te tokomaha, ā, he mea nui kia mārama ki ngā herenga.

Kāore e taea te whakakore i ngā mea e rite ana ki ētahi atu mate. He maha ngā mate e puta ana ngā tohu e ōrite ana ki te ADHD. Ko te mate manawapā whānui ka puta te uaua ki te aro, te māharahara, me te uaua ki te whakaoti mahi. Ko te pouri ka uru ki te kore aro, te wareware, me te ngoikore o te pūmanawa. Ko ngā mate taiwhatiwhai - ina koa te hyperthyroidism - ka rite ki te nekeneke me te kore aro. Ko ngā mate moe, ina koa te mate moe moe (obstructive sleep apnea) me te kore moe roa, ka pā tika ki te aro, te mahara mahi, me te mana whaiwhai. Ko ngā urupare hīanga (PTSD, complex PTSD) ka puta te mārama tūpato, te uaua ki te aro, me te kore mana whakahaere kare-ā-roto ka tino rite ki te ADHD i te mata.

Kāore e taea e tētahi tauine whakatau-whaiaro te wehewehe i ēnei. Ka taea e tētahi tākuta mā te tango i tētahi hitori taipitopito, ngā mōhiohio ā-taha, ā, i ētahi wā mā ngā whakamātau anō.

Kāore e taea te aromātai i te kaha. Ko te mōhio kei a koe ngā tohu he rerekē ki te mōhio ki te nui o te pānga ki tō ora. Ka taea e te tokorua te whiwhi piro rite ki te ASRS, ā, ka tino rerekē te taumata o te raruraru. Ko te kaha o te raruraru ka whakatau i te momo tautoko e hiahiatia ana e koe - mai i ngā tikanga whanonga ki te rongoā ki te rongoā rōpū.

Kāore e taea te whakaaro ki te huna. He maha ngā pakeke - ina koa ngā wahine - kua roa nei e whanake ana i ngā tikanga whakahaere e huna ana i ō rātou tohu ADHD. Kāo e taea e rātou te whiwhi piro teitei i runga i tētahi uiuinga whakatau-whaiaro, nā te mea kua ako rātou ki te whakatikatika. Ehara tēnā i te tikanga kua ngaro te ADHD. Te tikanga kāore te taputapu tātari e hopukina te kaha i hiahiatia hei pupuri i taua taumata o te mahi.

Me Pēhea te Mahi ki Ngā Hua

Ki te whakaoti koe i tētahi taputapu tātari whai take, ā, ka tohu āu piro ki ngā tohu e ōrite ana ki te ADHD, he tika te taahinga e whai ake nei: whakaritea tētahi aromātai me tētahi tohunga whai mana. Ko te tikanga tēnā he tohunga hinengaro, he kaimātai hinengaro, he tohunga roro, ā, i ētahi wā he tākuta tiaki tuatahi whai wheako ki te ADHD.

Ki te kāore koe i te rite mō taua taahinga, tīmata te pupuri i tētahi pukapuka tohu. Mō te rua ki te toru wiki, tuhia ngā wāhi motuhake i te wā ka puta ai he raruraru nui nā te aro, te whakarite, te mana whaiwhai, me te whakahaere wā. Whakaurua te mea i tupu, te wāhi i tupu ai, me te pānga ki a koe. He tino whai take tēnei momo rekoata taipitopito i te wā ka kite koe i tētahi tākuta - ka whakaratohia e ia he taunakitanga pono ka tere ai te whakawhiti kōrero.

Ki te kāore ngā hua o tō tātari e tohu ana ki te ADHD, he mōhiohio whai take anō tēnā. Ka taea e ia te whakatika i a koe ki te tirotiro i ētahi atu whakamārama - te manawapā, te pouri, te raru o te mahi, ngā take moe - he mea tika kia aro ki a rātou. Kāore ia raruraru aro katoa he ADHD, ā, ko te whakakore i tēnei ka rite te whai take ki te whakapumautanga.

Ahakoa te aha, ko te tango wā ki te aromātai tika i a koe anō ehara i te wā ngaro. Ko te tīmatanga tera mō te māramatanga ki te mea kei te tino tupu, ahakoa he ADHD taua mea, he mea kē rānei.

Kati te takatika, tīmata te mōhio — ko tēnei whakamātau tātari ADHD ipurangi kore utu nā August AI ka hoatu ki a koe tētahi pikitia mārama o āu tohu, ā, ka noho humarie hoki.