Ko te SBAR me ngā Tauira Tūtahi

He aha te SBAR?

Ko te SBAR he tikanga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero e whai hanganga ana, i hangaia hei tuku mā te mārama, kia poto te whakawhiti i ngā kōrero nui. Ko te whakapotonga nei ko:

• S - Te Āhuatanga (Situation)
• B - Te Horopaki (Background)
• A - Te Aromātai (Assessment)
• R - Te Tūtohutanga (Recommendation)

Whakaarohia hei mahere mō tētahi kōrero. Ka whakaritea kia tukua ngā kōrero katoa ki te wāhi tika, kia ngāwari hoki te mārama, kia kore ai e ngaro ngā kōrero nui.

Ahakoa te mea kua oti te hanga mō te ao hauora tere, he tino miharo te takenga mai o te hanganga SBAR: ko te Ope Tauā Moana o Amerika (U.S. Navy). I te tuatahi i hangaia kia mārama ai te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i runga i ngā tānuku rererangi karihi, kei reira he whakahau kotahi anake ka hapa, ka nui te kino. I hiahiatia e te ope tauā he tikanga kaha ki te tuku kōrero ohorere ki ngā taumata teitei, ā, ko te SBAR te whakautu.

I te kitenga o te kaha o tēnei, i whakarerekē te kaiwhakahou hauora a Kaiser Permanente i te taputapu SBAR mō ngā wāhi haumanu i te tīmatanga o te tau 2000 kia pai ake ai te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero haumaru o te manawanui. I tēnei rā, kua whakaaetia e ngā rōpū pēnei i te World Health Organization, ā, ko te pou e mau ana i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero nēhi me te tākuta me te mahi tahi o ngā kaimahi puta noa i te ao.

Ngā Pou E Wha o te SBAR: He Whakamaarama Taipitopito

Ko te ngāwari o te tauira whakawhitiwhiti SBAR tōna kaha. Ia reta e akiaki ana i a koe ki te tuku i tētahi wāhanga motuhake o te panga, kia puta ai he pikitia haumanu katoa mō te kaiwhakarongo. A ferurihia tātou i te hanganga Te Āhuatanga, Te Horopaki, Te Aromātai, Te Tūtohutanga ia wāhanga.

S - Te Āhuatanga: "Koinei te raru tonu.\”

Ko tēnei tō pane kōrero. He tauākī poto, kotahi raina, e kukume tonu ana i te aro o te kaiwhakarongo, me te whakaatu i te raru.

• Ko wai koe me te wāhi kei reira koe: "Ko Sarah tēnei, he nēhi kua rēhitatia i te wāhanga tiaki ngā manawanui ngāwari ake o te ngākau."
• Ko wai te manawanui: "...e waea ana mō te Māra Hoani Eke i te whare 412."
• Te take o tō whakawhitiwhiti: "...kua puta taku manawapa mō te hinga ohorere o tōna pehanga toto, me tōna amuamu o te mamae o te uma."

Ko te whāinga kia whakaoti te kōrero i raro iho i te 15 hēkona. Ka mōhio tonu te tangata i tērā taha ko wai koe, ko tēhea manawanui tō kōrero, me te take o te ohorere.

B - Te Horopaki: "Koinei te horopaki whai take.\”

Ināianei kua whiwhi koe i tō rātou aro, tukua atu ngā kōrero whai take e pā ana ki te āhuatanga. Ehara tēnei te wā mō te hītori katoa o te manawanui. Kia mau ki ngā mea nui hei mārama ki te raru.

• Tāpae Whakauru me te Rā: "I whakauru ngā Māra Eke i tētahi mate ngākau i tērā wiki."
• Te Hītori Hauora Whai Take: "E noho ana ia ki te mārō toto tiketike me te mate huka momo 2."
• He Whakarāpopototanga Potopoto o te Whakaora i Tēnei wā: "I whai ia i tētahi whakawhiti i te ngongo ngākau inanahi. He pai tōna ara i muri i te pokanga tae noa mai ki nāianei."
• Ngā Tohu Ora Hou: "Ko tōna pehanga toto he 120/80 i te haora kua pahure; inaianei he 85/50. Ko tōna tere ngākau he 110."
• Ngā Rongoā Whai Take: "Kei runga ia i te weronga heparin me tētahi rongoā aukati pēhanga."

A - Te Aromātai: "Koinei taku whakaaro kei te pēhea.\”

Koinei te wāhi e tiritiri ai koe i tō mātauranga haumanu. I runga i te āhuatanga me te horopaki, he aha tō whakaaro te raru? He mea nui tēnei taahiraa hei whakaatu i tō whakaaro tātari, ā, ka āwhina ki te whakaputa i tētahi whakaahua mārama.

• Whakaaturia Tō Whakaaetanga: "Ki taku whakaaro kei te pa te manawanui ki te ruarua ngākau" te "Kei te āwhiwhi ahau kei te pa ia ki tētahi mate ngākau hou."
• Rānei, Ki Te Kore Koe E Mārama, Whakaaturia: "Kāore au e mōhio ki te raru, engari kei te kino haere tōna āhua."
• Whakanuia Ngā Tohu Matua: "He mātao, he werawera tō kiri, ā, kei te āwangawanga ia."

Ma tō aromātai e hoatu ai ki te tākuta, ki te hoa mahi rānei he wāhi pai ki te tīmata, ā, ka whakaatu i tō tātari i ngā raraunga.

R - Te Tūtohutanga: "Koinei taku hiahiatia māu.\”

Koinei te karanga kia mahi. He aha tō hiahia kia mahia e te tangata i tērā taha? Kia mārama, kia tika, kia motuhake. Ka taea tēnei te tino uaua, otirā mō ngā nēhi hou, engari ko tēnei pea te taahiraa nui rawa atu. Ko koe te kaitautoko o te manawanui.

• Tono Motuhake: "Me haere mai koe ki te kite i te manawanui tonu."
• Tūtohutanga Mō Te Ara Mahi: "E tūtohu ana ahau kia whiwhi tatou i tētahi EKG tere me tētahi X-ray uma."
• Whakaarotia te Mahere: "Ahea koe ka tae mai ai? Me mahi au i tētahi mahi whakaora i taku tatari?"

Ko te tūtohutanga ka whakaritea kia mutu te kōrero ki tētahi mahere mārama, kia kati te porohita, me te tīmatanga o te mahi.

Te SBAR kei te Mahi: Ngā Tauira Haumanu Tūtahi

Ko te kite i te tikanga SBAR i te mahi te tino huarahi ki te mārama ki tōna kaha. Anei ētahi tauira noa.

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Tauira SBAR 1: Nēhi ki Tākuta (Āhuatanga Nui)

Ka waea a Nēhi Hihēria ki a Tākuta Evans mō tētahi manawanui kua kino haere.

(S) Te Āhuatanga: "Tākuta Evans, ko Hihēria tēnei, he RN i te wāhanga pokanga. E waea ana au mō tō manawanui, a Mrs. Hāmaiti i te whare 204. E āwhiwhi ana ahau mō tōna mamae e piki haere ana me te kirika iti."

(B) Te Horopaki: "He wahine 65 tau ia, e rua ngā rā i muri i tētahi pokanga ngongo whekau. I pai tōna ora, engari i roto i ngā haora e rua kua pahure, kua piki tōna mamae mai i te 4/10 ki te 8/10, ā, kāore e tau ki te mōrina kua tohua. Ko tōna pāmahana inaianei he 101.2°F (38.4°C), ā, he pakari tōna puku, ā, ka mamae ki te pā."

(A) Te Aromātai: "E āwhiwhi ana ahau kei te pa ia ki te muramura o te whekau, ki tētahi turuturu pokanga rānei. Kei te he te ahu o tōna pehanga toto."

(R) Te Tūtohutanga: "Ki taku whakaaro me haere mai koe ki te aromātai i a ia tonu. Me tono ahau i tētahi CT scan o te puku tere me ngā whakamātautau i te wā e tatari ana?"

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Tauira SBAR 2: Nēhi ki Nēhi (Tuku mahi i waenganui i ngā huringa)

Kei te tuku te Nēhi Tōmua i tētahi pūrongo whakawhiti mahi ki a Nēhi Māria.

(S) Te Āhuatanga: "Kia ora Maria, kei te tuku i a Mr. Te Wehi i te whare 310. Kei te pai ia, engari kei te tino aro turuki matou i tōna āhua manawa."

(B) Te Horopaki: "He tāne 72 tau ia i whakauru inanahi me te niumonia i puta mai i te hapori. He hītori ia o te COPD. Kei te 2 rita ia o te hāora mā te taupā ihu, ā, kua noho tonu ana ngā mōhiohio O2 ki te 94%. Ko tōna pāmahana whakamutunga i te weronga IV i te 4 karaka i te ahiahi."

(A) Te Aromātai: "He rorirori tōna ngongo, engari he mārama i te wai. Kei te pai tōna manawa, ā, kei te mataara, kei te mārama. Kei te pai tōna pehanga toto. I te katoa, kei te pai tōna urupare ki te whakaora, engari nā tōna COPD ka noho ia hei manawanui nui ake te tuponotanga."

(R) Te Tūtohutanga: "E tūtohu ana ahau kia haere tonu te tirotiro i tōna mōhiohio O2 ia rua haora. Ko tōna horopeta rongoā muri mai he 10 karaka i te pō. Tēnā koa whakapā atu ki te kaimātai manawa ki te piki ake te uaua o tōna manawa, ki te hinga rānei ana mōhiohio ki raro i te 92%."

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Ngā Hua o te Whakauru i te SBAR ki Tō Mahi

Ko te tango i te hanganga SBAR ehara i te mea mō te ako noa i tētahi whakapotonga hou; engari he whakapai ake tēnei i te āhua o tā tātou tiaki i ngā manawanui. Kei te mārama, kei te nui hoki ngā hua:

• Ka Whakanui ake te Haumaru o te Manawanui: Mā te whakataurite i te whakawhiti kōrero nui, ka whakaiti te SBAR i te tuponotanga o ngā hapa hauora nā te kore whakawhitiwhiti tika. Ka hangaia he whatunga haumaru kia noho mārama ai ngā kōrero nui.
• Ka Whakanui ake i te Mārama me te Whai Kiko: Ka whakakore te SBAR i te whaikōrero roa, ka tika ki te kaupapa. He mea nui tēnei i ngā wā ohorere, kei reira ia hēkona he mea nui. Ka whakawhiti te wāhi whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i waenganui i ngā nēhi, e kaha nei ki te whakaahua, me ngā tākuta, e hiahia nei ki te huarahi "ngā meka anake".
• Ka Whakataurite i te Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero: Ahakoa he hou koe, he 30 tau rānei te pakeke, ka hoatu e te taputapu SBAR tētahi reo noa. Ka whakatairanga tēnei noho tūruhi puta noa i ngā wāhanga me ngā taumata wheako i tētahi ahurea o te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero SBAR mārama, ka taea te matapae.
• Ka Whakamana i ngā Kaimahi Haumanu: Ko te taahiraa "Tūtohutanga" i roto i te SBAR mō ngā nēhi ka kaha ai ngā nēhi ki te kōrero i ō rātou whakaaro ngaio, me te tautoko i a rātou manawanui. Ka whakawhiti i a rātou mai i te kaipupuru raraunga noa ki te hunga whai wāhi ki te mahere tiaki.
• Ka Whakatairanga i te Mahi Tahi: A, no te whakamahi katoa i te kēmu tākaro whakawhitiwhiti kōrero kotahi, ka hangaia te whakawhirinaki me te tauira hinengaro tiritiri. Koinei te turanga o te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero nēhi me te tākuta whai kiko me ngā kapa hauora e kaha ana te mahi.

Ngā Tohutohu mō te Mātauranga ki te Tikanga SBAR

Pērā ki tētahi pukenga, ko te whakamahi i te SBAR kia whai hua ka hiahiatia he mahi. Anei ētahi tohutohu hei āwhina i a koe kia mōhio ai koe:

1. Kia Rite i mua i te Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero: I mua i te tangohanga o te waea, te tomo rānei i tētahi ruma, tangohia 30 hēkona ki te whakarite i ō whakaaro. Kia āta whai i te kōnae o te manawanui, ngā tohutohu ora hou, me ngā hua whakamātautau. Tuhia ō wāhanga S-B-A-R ki tētahi pukapuka mēnā ka āwhina.
2. Kia Poto engari Kia Katoa: Ko te whāinga kia poto, ehara i te mea kia ngaro ngā kōrero nui. Kia aro ki te mea whai take ki te āhuatanga tonu. A ape i te hoki ki ngā taipitopito o mua i te toru rā ki muri, ki te kore e tika te pā ki te raru o nāianei.
3. Mahi, Mahi, Mahi: Whakaarihia ngā tauira SBAR me ō hoa mahi. Whakamahia mō ngā whakahōu kāore e ohorere kia noho pai koe ki te hanganga. Ā, kia maha ake te whakamahi, ka noho māori tēnei hei tikanga whakawhitiwhiti māu.
4. Kaua e Mataku ki te Tūtohutanga: Ko tēnei te wāhanga tino uaua mō ngā akonga me ngā nēhi hou. Kia maumahara, ka taea te tūtohutanga hei mea ngāwari pēnei i te, "Me haere mai koe ki te kite i te manawanui inaianei," te,"Ki taku whakaaro me rapu tatou i tētahi atu whakaaro." Kei te tū koe i te rārangi tuatahi, ā, he mea nui tō aromātai.

Whakamutunga

I roto i te taiao uaua me te ngawari o te tiaki hauora, ko te mārama he atawhai—ā, he mea nui hoki ki te haumaru o te manawanui. Ko te hanganga SBAR ehara i te mea he whakapotonga noa; he taputapu whakaora ora e whai hanganga ana i ngā kōrero, e whakamana ana i ngā kaimahi haumanu, me te tiaki i ngā manawanui.

Mā te tango i ētahi meneti ki te whakarite i ō whakaaro ki roto i te hanganga Te Āhuatanga, Te Horopaki, Te Aromātai, Te Tūtohutanga, ka whakarite koe kia tukuna, kia whakaaetia, kia māramatia, kia mahia hoki tō karere.

Kua rite ki te whakamahi? A te wā e hoa atu ana koe ki te tuku kōrero mō tētahi manawanui, tangohia tētahi pepa piri ka tuhia wawe ai tō S, B, A, me R. Ka miharo koe ki te āhua o te hanganga iti ka taea te kawe mai i te mārama nui.