He aha ngā tohu o te HIV i roto i te whakamātautau CBC?

Ko te whakamātautau toto katoa (CBC) he whakamātautau taiwhanga noa me te nui e tirotiro ana i ngā wāhanga rerekē o tō toto. Ko te tikanga, ka ine i ngā momo pūtau maha, tae atu ki ngā pūtau toto whero, ngā pūtau toto ma, me ngā pūtau toto. He maha ngā whakamahinga o tēnei whakamātautau, pēnei i te tirotiro i tō hauora whānui me te tohu i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mate toto iti, ngā mate pūkoro, me ētahi mate pukupuku.

Ko tētahi wāhanga matua o ngā whakamātautau CBC ko te ka taea te awhina i te kite i ngā tohu pea o te HIV. Ko te HIV, ko te Human Immunodeficiency Virus, ka pā ki te pūnaha ārai mate, ina koa ka āta whakaeke i ngā pūtau CD4, he mea nui mō te whawhai ki ngā mate pūkoro. Ahakoa kaore e taea e ngā whakamātautau CBC te whakau i te HIV, ka taea e rātou te whakaatu i ngā huringa ka taea te tohu i te mate pūkoro. Hei tauira, he iti te maha o ngā pūtau toto ma, ina koa he iti te taumata o ngā lymphocytes (he momo pūtau toto ma), ka taea te tohu me pēhea te pānga o te HIV ki tō pūnaha ārai mate. I tua atu, ko te mate toto iti—e whakaaturia ana e ngā taumata hemoglobin iti—ka puta ki ngā tāngata e pangia ana e te HIV whānui.

Ina tirotirohia e ngā tākuta ngā hua CBC, ka rapu rātou i ēnei tohu hei whakatau mena ka hiahiatia ngā whakamātautau atu. He mea nui kia mahara ahakoa ka whakarato ngā whakamātautau CBC i ngā korero whai hua, me whakamahi ngā whakamātautau HIV motuhake atu mō te whakatau tino.

Te Mārama i ngā Wāhanga o te Whakamātautau CBC

Ka arotake te whakamātautau toto katoa (CBC) i ngā wāhanga maha o te toto hei aromatawai i te hauora whānui me te kite i ngā mate. Kei raro nei ngā kaupapa iti matua i roto i te whakamātautau CBC:

1. Te Tau o ngā Pūtau Toto Whero (RBC)

• Ka ine i te maha o ngā pūtau toto whero, e kawe ana i te hāora puta noa i te tinana.

• Ka taea e ngā taumata rerekē te tohu i te mate toto iti, te maroke, me ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora.

2. Hemoglobin me Hematocrit

• Hemoglobin: ka tohu i te pūmua i roto i ngā pūtau toto whero e kawe ana i te hāora.

• Hematocrit: Ka ine i te wāhanga o te rōrahi toto e mau ana ki ngā pūtau toto whero.

• Ka tohu ngā taumata iti i te mate toto iti, ā, ka taea e ngā taumata teitei te tohu i te maroke, te polycythemia rānei.

3. Te Tau o ngā Pūtau Toto Ma (WBC)

• Ka arotake i te maha o ngā pūtau toto ma, e whawhai ana ki te mate pūkoro.

• Ka taea e ngā tau teitei te tohu i te mate pūkoro, te mumura, te ahotea rānei; ka taea e ngā tau iti te tohu i te ngoikore o te pūnaha ārai mate.

4. Te Tau o ngā Pūtau Toto

• Ka ine i ngā pūtau toto, he mea nui mō te toto.

• Ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te toto i ngā tau iti o ngā pūtau toto (thrombocytopenia), ā, ka taea e ngā tau teitei (thrombocytosis) te whakaputa i ngā take toto.

5. Te Rōrahi Corpuscular Totika (MCV)

• Ka arotake i te rahi totika o ngā pūtau toto whero.

• Ka āwhina ngā taumata MCV rerekē ki te whakatau i ngā momo mate toto iti (hei tauira, microcytic, macrocytic rānei).

6. Te Hemoglobin Corpuscular Totika (MCH) me te Tātaritanga Hemoglobin Corpuscular Totika (MCHC)

• Ka whakaata te MCH i te nui totika o te hemoglobin i roto i ia pūtau toto whero.

• Ka ine te MCHC i te tātaritanga o te hemoglobin i roto i ngā pūtau toto whero.

• Ka āwhina ēnei tawhā ki te whakatau i ngā momo mate toto iti.

7. Te Whānui Tohatoha Pūtau Whero (RDW)

• Ka arotake i te rerekētanga o te rahi o ngā pūtau toto whero.

• Ka taea e te RDW teitei te tohu i ngā ngoikore kai, ngā mate rānei o te wheua wheua.

8. Ngā Tohu Tāpiri

• Te Tau Neutrophil Katoa (ANC): Ka tohu i te kaha whawhai mate pūkoro.

• Te tau reticulocyte: ka ine i ngā pūtau toto whero kore e whānuitia hei aromatawai i te mahi o te wheua wheua.

Ka whakarato te whakamātautau CBC i ngā korero nui mō te hauora toto, e arataki ana i te whakatau me te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga maha.

Ngā Tohu Matua o te HIV i roto i ngā Hua Whakamātautau CBC

Tohu	Whakaahuatanga	Te hononga ki te HIV
Te iti o te tau o ngā pūtau toto ma (WBC)	Ko te iti o te tau o ngā WBC, ina koa ngā lymphocytes, ka tohu i te ngoikore o te pūnaha ārai mate.	Ka tohu i te ngoikore o te pūnaha ārai mate e puta mai ana i te HIV.
Te iti o te tau o ngā pūtau toto (Thrombocytopenia)	Ka taea e te iti o ngā pūtau toto te piki ake i te tūponotanga o te toto.	He mea noa i roto i te HIV whānui na te ngoikore o te wheua wheua, ngā āhuatanga e hono ana rānei.
Te iti o te Hemoglobin (Mate Toto Iti)	Te iti o te kaha kawe hāora o te toto.	Ka kitea i roto i ngā tūmanako HIV na te mate roa, ngā ngoikore kai, ngā pānga rānei o ngā rongoā.
Te Whānui Tohatoha Pūtau Whero Teitei (RDW)	Te rerekētanga nui ake i te rahi o ngā pūtau toto whero.	Ka taea te tohu i ngā ngoikore kai, pēnei i te huaora B12, te folate rānei, he mea noa i roto i ngā tūmanako HIV.
Teitei o te Tau Monocyte Katoa	Ngā taumata monocyte teitei.	Ka taea te tohu i te whakautu ārai mate ki ngā mate pūkoro whai wāhi i roto i te HIV.

Ngā Whakawhitinga o ngā Whakamātautau CBC i te Whakatau i te HIV

Ahakoa he taputapu whai hua te toto katoa (CBC) mō te aromatawai i te hauora whānui me te mahi o te pūnaha ārai mate, he whakawhitinga tōna ina tae mai ki te whakatau i te HIV. Kei raro nei ngā whakawhitinga matua:

1. Te kore o te motuhaketanga mō te HIV: Ka taea e ngā hua CBC te whakaatu i ngā huringa e kitea ana i ngā āhuatanga maha, ehara i te HIV anake. Hei tauira, ka taea e te iti o te tau o ngā pūtau toto ma, te mate toto iti rānei te puta mai i ngā mate maha atu.

2. Te kore e taea te kite tika i te HIV: Kaore ngā whakamātautau CBC e ine i te HIV, te tūponotanga rānei i roto i te tinana. Ka hiahia te whakatau i te HIV ki ngā whakamātautau motuhake, pēnei i ngā whakamātautau antigen/antibody HIV, ngā whakamātautau PCR rānei, e kite ana i te huaketo, te whakautu ārai mate rānei.

3. Ngā Tohu Wā Whakamutunga: Ka puta ngā huringa CBC e hono ana ki te HIV (pēnei i te iti o te tau o ngā WBC, te mate toto iti rānei) i ngā wā whānui o te mate. Kaore pea e whakaatu ngā mate HIV i te tīmatanga i ngā rerekētanga nui i roto i te CBC, ka taea te whakaroa i te whakatau.

4. Te pānga o ngā rongoā me ngā mate pūkoro e hono ana: Ka taea e te rongoā antiretroviral (ART) me ētahi atu rongoā te pā ki ngā hua CBC. Ka taea e ngā mate pūkoro e hono ana me ētahi atu mate i roto i ngā tūmanako HIV te whakaputa i ngā hua, ka nui ake te uaua o te whakamārama.

5. Te aromatawai pūnaha ārai mate whānui: Ka whakarato te CBC i te tirohanga whānui o te hauora ārai mate engari kaore e ine tika i ngā huringa ārai mate e hono ana ki te HIV, pēnei i ngā tau o ngā pūtau CD4 T. Ka hiahia te whakatau tika i te HIV ki ngā whakamātautau āta e ine ana i te utaina huaketo me ngā tau CD4.

Whakarapopototanga

Ka whakarato te whakamātautau toto katoa (CBC) i ngā whakaaro nui mō te hauora toto mā te tātari i ngā wāhanga pēnei i ngā pūtau toto whero, ngā pūtau toto ma, me ngā pūtau toto. I roto i te kōtaha o te HIV, ka taea e ngā hua CBC te tohu i te ngoikore o te pūnaha ārai mate mā ngā tohu pēnei i ngā tau iti o ngā pūtau toto ma (ina koa ngā lymphocytes), te mate toto iti, me te thrombocytopenia. Ka puta ngā huringa nei i ngā wā whānui o te HIV, e whakaatu ana i te pānga o te huaketo ki te mahi o te pūnaha ārai mate me te mahi o te wheua wheua. Ka taea hoki e te RDW teitei me ngā tau monocyte te tohu i ngā pānga tuarua o te HIV, pēnei i ngā ngoikore kai, ngā mate pūkoro whai wāhi rānei.

Heoi, he whakawhitinga kei ngā whakamātautau CBC i te whakatau i te HIV. Kaore he motuhake, i te mea ka taea e ngā rerekētanga pēnei i te iti o te WBC, te mate toto iti rānei te puta mai i ngā āhuatanga maha e kore e hono ana ki te HIV. I tua atu, kaore ngā whakamātautau CBC e taea te kite tika i te huaketo, te tohu rānei i ngā mate HIV i te tīmatanga, kaore pea e whakaatu i ngā huringa nui. Ka hiahia te whakatau tika i te HIV ki ngā whakamātautau motuhake, pēnei i ngā whakamātautau antigen/antibody, ngā ine utaina huaketo rānei, hei whakau i te tūponotanga o te huaketo me te aromatawai i tōna pānga ki te pūnaha ārai mate.