He aha te Leukemia Myelogenous Mate? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te leukemia myelogenous mate (AML) tētahi momo mate pūtau toto e tupu tere ana ina nui rawa ngā pūtau toto ma e kore e tika ana e hangaia ana e ō wheua wheua. Ka whakakiia ēnei pūtau he i te pūtau toto ora, ka uaua ai te whawhai a tō tinana ki ngā mate, te kawe i te hāora, me te mutu tika o te toto.

Ahakoa ka raru pea tēnei whakatau, ko te mārama ki te aha e puta ana i roto i tō tinana, me te mohio ki ō kōwhiringa maimoatanga ka āhei te awhina i a koe kia rite ake. Ka pa te AML ki ngā tāngata o ngā tau katoa, ahakoa he maha ake i ngā pakeke neke atu i te 60. Ko te rongo pai ko ngā maimoatanga kua pai ake te whakapai, a he tokomaha ngā tāngata e mate ana i te AML ka taea te whakaora i te mate pai me te tiaki tika.

He aha te Leukemia Myelogenous Mate?

Ka tīmata te AML i roto i ō wheua wheua, te kiko ngawari i roto i ō wheua e hangaia ana ngā pūtau toto. I te nuinga, ka hangaia e ō wheua wheua ngā pūtau toto ma ora e āwhina ana ki te whawhai ki ngā mate. I roto i te AML, ka he te mahi, ka tīmata te hanga i ngā pūtau toto ma kore e tika, e kiia nei ko ngā blasts.

Kāore ēnei pūtau blasts e mahi tika ana, ka tere te tupu. Ka tangohia e rātou te wāhi me whakamahia mō ngā pūtau toto ora. Ko te tikanga kaore e taea e tō tinana te hanga i ngā pūtau toto whero, pūtau toto ma, pūtau toto ranei e tika ana.

Ko te kupu “mate” te tikanga ka tere te tupu o te mate, i roto i ngā wiki, marama rānei. He rerekē tēnei i te leukemia roa, e tupu ana i ngā tau.

He aha ngā tohu o te Leukemia Myelogenous Mate?

Ka puta ngā tohu AML nā te mea kāore i te nui ngā pūtau toto ora o tō tinana hei mahi noa. Ka kite pea koe i te ngenge nui, te ngoikore rānei, ahakoa te okioki.

Ko ēnei ngā tohu matua ka kitea pea e koe:

• Te ngenge nui me te ngoikore e kore e pai ake te okioki
• Ngā mate maha, te kirika, te mate rewharewha rānei
• Te mumura ngāwari, te toto rānei, tae atu ki te toto ihu, te toto niho rānei
• Te poto o te manawa i ngā mahi noa
• Te kiri ma, te makariri rānei
• Te ngaro o te taumaha kaore i te whakamārama
• Te mamae o ngā wheua, o ngā hononga rānei
• Ngā wheua lymph pupuhi i tō kaki, i raro i ō ringa, i ō turi rānei

Ka kite pea etahi i ngā tohu whero iti i runga i tō kiri, e kiia nei ko te petechiae. Ko ēnei tohu iti he toto iti i raro i te kiri, nā te mea kāore i te nui ngā platelets hei āwhina i tō toto kia pakaru.

He mea nui kia mahara ko ēnei tohu ka puta mai i ngā āhuatanga maha, ehara i te AML anake. Heoi, ki te kite koe i ētahi o ēnei tohu, ina koa ki te kino haere, he mea tika kia kōrero ki tō tākuta.

He aha ngā momo o te Leukemia Myelogenous Mate?

Kāore te AML i te kotahi noa te mate, engari he maha ngā momo, kei runga i te momo pūtau toto e pā ana, me te ahua o ngā pūtau mate i raro i te microscope. Ka whakatau tō tākuta i tō momo motuhake mā te whakamātautau taipitopito, ka āwhina i te mahere maimoatanga.

Ko te huarahi tino noa e whakatauritea ai e ngā tākuta te AML ko te pūnaha World Health Organization (WHO). Ka titiro tēnei pūnaha ki ngā huringa ira i roto i ngā pūtau mate, ka wehewehe i te AML ki ngā kāwai matua. He momo kei a rātou ngā rerekētanga ira motuhake, ko ētahi atu e pā ana ki ngā maimoatanga mate pūtau o mua, ki ngā mate toto rānei.

Ko tētahi pūnaha whakataurite e kiia nei ko te pūnaha French-American-British (FAB) e wehewehe ana i te AML ki ngā waru momo, e tohua ana ko M0 ki M7. Ka tohu ia momo i ngā wāhanga rerekē o te whanaketanga pūtau toto e tīmata ana te mate. Ka āwhina tō momo motuhake i tō rōpū hauora ki te whiriwhiri i te huarahi maimoatanga tino whai hua mō tō āhuatanga.

He aha ngā take o te Leukemia Myelogenous Mate?

I te nuinga o ngā wā, kāore e taea e ngā tākuta te tohu tika i te take o te AML. Ka puta te mate ina puta mai ngā huringa DNA i roto i ngā pūtau wheua wheua, ka tupu, ka tupu kino.

Heoi, he maha ngā take ka piki ake tō tūponotanga ki te whanake i ēnei huringa DNA:

• Te maimoatanga mate pūtau o mua me te chemotherapy, te rongoā radiation rānei
• Te whakaū ki ngā taumata teitei o te radiation
• Te whakaū roa ki ētahi kemikara penei i te benzene
• Te kai hikareti
• Ētahi mate toto penei i te myelodysplastic syndrome
• Ētahi āhuatanga ira penei i te Down syndrome

He mea nui kia mārama ko te whai i tetahi take rānei, e kore e te tikanga ka whanake koe i te AML. He tokomaha ngā tāngata e whai ana i ngā take tūponotanga kaore e whiwhi mate pūtau, ko ētahi atu kaore he take tūponotanga e mohiotia ana ka whanake i te mate.

I roto i ngā take onge, ka taea te hono atu te AML ki ngā āhuatanga ira e tukuna ana. Heoi, koinei anake te iti o ngā take. Ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata e mate ana i te AML kāore he hītori whānau o te mate.

Nōhea te haere ki te tākuta mō te Leukemia Myelogenous Mate?

Me whakapiri atu koe ki tō tākuta ki te kite koe i ngā tohu e mau tonu ana e awangawanga ana koe, ina koa ki te pā ana ki tō oranga o ia rā.

Waea atu ki tō tākuta ina kite koe i te ngenge koretake e kore e pai ake te okioki, ngā mate maha, te mumura ngāwari me te toto rānei. Ka taea e ēnei tohu te tohu i te raruraru ki ō pūtau toto e hiahia ana ki te arotake.

Rapua te awhina hauora tere ina puta mai ngā tohu kino penei i te kirika teitei, te uaua ki te manawa, te toto nui e kore e mutu, te mamae uma rānei. Ka taea e ēnei te tohu i ngā raruraru kino e hiahia ana ki te tiaki tere.

Kia mahara ko te kite wawe me te maimoatanga o te AML ka taea te whakarereke nui i ngā hua. Ka taea e tō tākuta te mahi i ngā whakamātautau toto ngāwari hei tirotiro i ō tau pūtau toto, me te whakatau mena he hiahia ki te whakamātautau atu.

He aha ngā take tūponotanga mō te Leukemia Myelogenous Mate?

Ko te mārama ki ngā take tūponotanga ka āhei te awhina i a koe ki te whakatau whakamārama mō tō hauora, ahakoa he mea nui kia mahara ko te whai i ngā take tūponotanga kāore e whakamana ka whanake koe i te AML. He tokomaha ngā tāngata e whai ana i ngā take tūponotanga maha kaore e whiwhi mate pūtau, ko ētahi atu kaore he take tūponotanga e kitea ana ka whanake i te mate.

Ko te tau te take tūponotanga tino nui, ka noho te AML hei mea noa i te pakeketanga o te tangata. Ko te tau toharite o te whakatau ko te 68 tau te pakeke. Heoi, ka taea te puta te AML i tetahi tau, tae atu ki ngā tamariki me ngā taitamariki.

Ko ēnei ngā take tūponotanga matua ka piki pea tō tūponotanga ki te whanake i te AML:

• Ko te tane (he tūponotanga teitei ake i ngā wāhine)
• Te maimoatanga mate pūtau o mua me ētahi rongoā chemotherapy, te radiation rānei
• Te hītori o ngā mate toto penei i te myelodysplastic syndrome, te myelofibrosis rānei
• Ngā mate ira penei i te Down syndrome, te Fanconi anemia rānei
• Te whakaū roa ki te benzene, ki ētahi atu kemikara umanga rānei
• Te kai hikareti
• Te whakaū radiation nui

Ka taea hoki e ētahi āhuatanga ira onge te piki ake i te tūponotanga AML. Kei roto i ēnei te Li-Fraumeni syndrome, te neurofibromatosis, me ētahi mate whakaheke wheua wheua e tukuna ana. Ki te whai koe i te hītori whānau o ēnei āhuatanga, ka āhei pea te awhina o te tohutohu ira.

Ko te rongo pai ko ētahi take tūponotanga, penei i te kai hikareti, ka taea te whakarereke mā ngā huringa noho. Ahakoa kaore e taea e koe te whakarereke i ngā take penei i te tau, te ira rānei, ko te aro ki te mea ka taea e koe te whakahaere ka āhei pea te awhina i te whakaiti i tō tūponotanga mate pūtau katoa.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te Leukemia Myelogenous Mate?

Ka puta ngā raruraru AML nā te mea ka pā te mate ki te kaha o tō tinana ki te hanga i ngā pūtau toto ora. Ko te mārama ki ēnei raruraru pea ka āhei te awhina i a koe ki te mohio ki ngā tohu whakatūpato, me te rapu awhina hauora tere ina hiahiatia.

Ko ngā raruraru tino noa e puta mai ana i te kore o ngā pūtau toto ora i roto i tō pūnaha. Ka taea e ngā tau iti o ngā pūtau toto whero te whakaeke i te anemia kino, ka ngenge nui koe, ka poto te manawa.

Ko ēnei ngā raruraru matua ka pa pea ki a koe:

• Ngā mate kino ka mate pea
• Te toto kino, tae atu ki te toto o roto
• Te anemia kino e whakaeke ana i ngā raruraru ngakau
• Te mate lysis pūtau mai i te maimoatanga
• Te mate graft-versus-host i muri i te whakawhiti wheua wheua
• Ngā mate pūtau tuarua mai i te maimoatanga
• Te kino o ngā whekau mai i ngā pūtau leukemia

Ka taea te whanake i ētahi raruraru ahakoa te maimoatanga. Ko te chemotherapy, ahakoa he mea nui ki te whawhai ki te mate pūtau, ka taea te whakaiti i ngā tau pūtau toto, ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te mate me te toto. Ka tirotiro tata atu tō rōpū hauora i a koe, ka tango i ngā mahi hei aukati me te whakahaere i ēnei raruraru.

Ko te raruraru onge e kiia nei ko te mate lysis pūtau ka puta ina tere rawa te whakamate i ngā pūtau mate pūtau, kaore e taea e ō whatukuhu te tukatuka i ngā hua paru. Ahakoa he kino, ka taea te aukati i tēnei raruraru mā te inu wai me ngā rongoā.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te Leukemia Myelogenous Mate?

Ko te whakatau i te AML e tīmata ana i ngā whakamātautau toto e whakaatu ana i ngā tau pūtau toto koretake. Ka tono tō tākuta i te tau pūtau toto katoa (CBC) hei tirotiro i ngā taumata o ngā pūtau toto whero, pūtau toto ma, me ngā platelets i roto i tō toto.

Ki te tohu mai ō whakamātautau toto i te leukemia, ka tūtohutia e tō tākuta te biopsy wheua wheua. Ko tēnei mahi ko te tango i te tauira iti o te wheua wheua, i te nuinga mai i tō wheua hope, hei tirotiro i ngā pūtau i raro i te microscope.

Ka āwhina ngā whakamātautau atu ki te whakatau i te momo AML motuhake kei a koe, me te aratohu i ngā whakatau maimoatanga. Ka taea e ēnei te whakamātautau ira o ngā pūtau mate, te cytometry rere hei tohu i ngā momo pūtau, me ngā whakamātautau whakaahua penei i ngā CT scans, ngā X-rays uma rānei hei tirotiro mena kua horapa te leukemia ki ētahi atu wāhanga o tō tinana.

Ko te tukanga whakatau katoa e torutoru rā ki te wiki. Ka mahi tere tō rōpū hauora, nā te tere o te AML, me te tīmata o te maimoatanga i muri i te whakatau.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te Leukemia Myelogenous Mate?

Ko te maimoatanga AML e puta ana i ngā wāhanga matua e rua: te maimoatanga whakauru hei whakaora i te mate, me te maimoatanga whakauka hei aukati i te hokinga mai o te mate pūtau. Ko te whāinga o te maimoatanga whakauru ko te whakamate i ngā pūtau leukemia e taea ana, me te whakahoki i te hanga pūtau toto noa.

Ko te chemotherapy te maimoatanga matua mō te nuinga o ngā tāngata e mate ana i te AML. Ka whiwhi koe i te huinga o ngā rongoā i hangaia hei whakaeke i ngā pūtau mate pūtau, me te tiaki i ngā pūtau ora.

Ka whakaritea tō mahere maimoatanga ki tō āhuatanga motuhake, tae atu ki:

• Te chemotherapy whakauru nui (i te nuinga o ngā rā 7-10)
• Te chemotherapy whakauka hei aukati i te hokinga mai
• Te whakawhiti pūtau pūtau mō ētahi manuhiri
• Ngā rongoā maimoatanga e whai take ana mō ngā rerekētanga ira motuhake
• Te tiaki tautoko tae atu ki ngā antibiotics me ngā whakawhitinga toto
• Ngā whakamātautau hauora mō ngā maimoatanga hou

Mō ētahi tāngata, ina koa mō te hunga e whai ana i ētahi huringa ira motuhake i roto i ō rātou pūtau mate pūtau, ka taea te tāpiri i ngā rongoā maimoatanga e whai take ana ki te chemotherapy noa. Ka mahi rerekē ēnei rongoā i te chemotherapy noa mā te whakaeke i ngā pūtau motuhake e āwhina ana i te tupu o ngā pūtau mate pūtau.

Ka tūtohu pea te whakawhiti pūtau pūtau ki te hauora koe, me te whai kai hoatu tika. Ka whakakapi tēnei maimoatanga nui i ō wheua wheua me ngā pūtau pūtau ora mai i te kai hoatu, ka hoatu ki a koe te tūponotanga pai rawa atu o te whakaora roa.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te tiaki kāinga i te wā e maimoatia ana te Leukemia Myelogenous Mate?

Ko te whakahaere i te maimoatanga AML i te kāinga e hiahia ana ki te aro nui ki te aukati i ngā mate, ki te whakahaere i ngā pānga. Ka ngoikore tō pūnaha mate i te wā e maimoatia ana, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ki ngā mate ka kino pea, ka mate rānei.

Ka noho te aukati mate hei mea nui. Horoihia ō ringa i ia wā me te hopi me te wai, ina koa i mua i te kai, i muri i te whakamahinga o te ruuma. Kaua e haere ki ngā mano tangata, ki ngā tāngata mate rānei, me te whakaaro ki te kakahu i te kanohi i ngā wāhi tūmatanui ina tūtohu tō tākuta.

Ko ēnei ngā rautaki tiaki kāinga nui:

• Tangohia tō pāmahana i ia rā, me te whakamōhio tere ki ngā kirika
• Kai i te kai ora, kaua e kai i ngā kai mata, kai kore rānei
• Kia nui te inu wai
• Kia nui te okioki me te moe
• Tangohia ngā rongoā katoa kia rite ki te tohu
• Kia mau ki ngā whakaritenga hauora katoa
• Tirohia ngā tohu o te toto, o te mate rānei

He mea nui hoki te whakahaere i te ngenge mō tō whakaora. Whakaritehia ngā mahi mō ngā wā e tino kaha ana koe, i te tīmatanga o te rā. Kaua e whakaroa ki te tono awhina ki ngā whānau, hoa rānei mō ngā mahi o ia rā penei i te hoko kai, te tunu kai, te horoi rānei.

Kia mau ki te thermometer, tirohia tō pāmahana ki te kore koe e pai. Whakapiri atu ki tō rōpū hauora ina puta mai te kirika, i te mea ka taea e tēnei te tohu i te mate kino e hiahia ana ki te maimoatanga tere.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō whakaritenga tākuta?

Ko te whakarite mō ō whakaritenga tākuta ka āhei te awhina i a koe ki te whakamahi pai i tō wā tahi, me te whakarite ka whiwhi koe i ngā whakautu ki ō patai tino nui. Tuhia ō patai i mua, he ngāwari te wareware i a rātou ina ngenge koe, ina raru rānei.

Kawe mai i te rārangi katoa o ngā rongoā katoa e tangohia ana e koe, tae atu ki ngā rongoā-ā-mua, ngā huaora, me ngā tāpiri. Huihuia hoki ngā rekoata hauora mai i ētahi atu tākuta, ina koa ngā hua whakamātautau toto hou, ngā ako whakaahua rānei.

Whakaarohia te kawe mai i te mema whānau whakawhirinaki, hoa rānei ki ngā whakaritenga. Ka āhei te awhina i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā mōhiohio nui, ki te ui i ngā patai ka wareware pea koe, me te whakarato tautoko ngākau i ngā kōrero uaua.

Whakaritea ngā patai motuhake mō tō āhuatanga, ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga, me te mea e tatari ana. Kaua e manukanuka ki te ui i ngā patai maha – e hiahia ana tō rōpū hauora ki te awhina i a koe ki te mārama ki tō āhuatanga, ki te pai ki tō mahere tiaki.

He aha te mea nui mō te Leukemia Myelogenous Mate?

Ko te mea tino nui kia mārama mō te AML ko te mea ahakoa he āhuatanga kino e hiahia ana ki te maimoatanga tere, he tokomaha ngā tāngata e whakaora ana i te mate, ka haere tonu ki te ora i ngā oranga katoa. Kua pai ake te whakapai i te maimoatanga i ngā tekau tau kua pahure, e hoatu ana te tumanako me ngā tumanakohanga tika mō te whakaora.

Ko te kite wawe me te maimoatanga tere ka whakarereke nui i ngā hua. Ki te kite koe i ngā tohu e awangawanga ana koe, kaua e whakaroa ki te rapu awhina hauora. Kei a tō rōpū hauora te mātauranga me ngā taputapu hei whakatau i te AML tika, me te hanga i te mahere maimoatanga e rite ana ki ō hiahia motuhake.

Kia mahara ko te whai AML kāore e whakatau i a koe, kāore hoki koe i te kotahi i tēnei haerenga. Ka taea e te tautoko mai i ngā whānau, hoa, me ngā tohunga hauora te whakarereke nui i te āhua o tō whakahaere i te maimoatanga me te whakaora. Aro atu ki te tango i ngā mea kotahi te rā, me te whakanui i ngā wikitoria iti i te huarahi.

Ngā patai e ui pinepinetia ana mō te Leukemia Myelogenous Mate

He whakatūpato te AML?

Ko te nuinga o ngā take o te AML kāore i te whakatūpato mai i ngā mātua. Ko te iti noa iho o ngā take AML e hono ana ki ngā āhuatanga ira e whakatūpato ana. Ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata e mate ana i te AML kāore he hītori whānau o te mate, a ko te whai AML kāore e piki nui te tūponotanga mō ō tamariki, mō ō whānau atu rānei.

E hia te roa o te maimoatanga AML?

Ko te maimoatanga AML e torutoru marama pea te roa. Ko te maimoatanga whakauru e 4-6 wiki pea te roa, ka whai te maimoatanga whakauka ka taea te haere tonu mō ētahi marama atu. Ko te raupapa tika e whakawhirinaki ana ki te pai o tō whakautu ki te maimoatanga, me te hiahia rānei koe ki ētahi atu maimoatanga penei i te whakawhiti pūtau pūtau.

Ka taea te mahi i te wā e maimoatia ana te AML?

Ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata kaore e taea te mahi i te wā e maimoatia nui ana te AML nā te hiahia ki te noho i te hōhipera, me ngā pānga. Heoi, ka taea pea e ētahi te mahi i te wā poto, i te kāinga rānei i ētahi wāhanga o te maimoatanga. Kōrerohia tō āhuatanga mahi ki tō rōpū hauora hei whakatau i te mea haumaru me te tika mō ō āhuatanga motuhake.

He aha te reiti ora mō te AML?

Ka rerekē ngā reiti ora mō te AML i runga i ngā take penei i te tau, te hauora katoa, me ngā āhuatanga ira motuhake o te mate pūtau. Ko ngā manuhiri taitamariki te nuinga o ngā hua pai, me ngā reiti ora 5-tau e tae atu ana ki te 35-40% katoa. Heoi, ka taea te pai ake, te kino ake rānei ngā hua takitahi i ēnei tatauranga, a kei te whakapai tonu ngā maimoatanga hou i ngā hua.

Ka taea te hokinga mai o te AML i muri i te maimoatanga?

Ae, ka taea te hokinga mai o te AML i muri i te maimoatanga, e kiia nei ko te hokinga mai. Ko te take tenei i tino nui ai te maimoatanga whakauka me te tiaki whai muri roa. Ka tirotiro tata atu tō rōpū hauora i a koe mā ngā whakamātautau toto me ngā tirotiro kia kite i ngā tohu o te hokinga mai o te mate i te tīmatanga, i te wā e tino taea ai te maimoatanga.