He aha te Mate Alzheimer? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te mate Alzheimer he mate roro e haere tonu ana, e whakangaro haere ana i te mahara me nga pukenga whakaaro. Koinei te take tino nui o te mate wareware, e pa ana ki nga miriona o te iwi puta noa te ao me o ratou whānau.

Ka puta mai tenei ahuatanga ina hangaia etahi pūmua i roto i te roro, e whakarawe ana i ngā pūtau io me te whakaroa i te korerorero i waenganui i a rātou. I te roanga o te wā, ka arahi tenei ki ngā huringa hinengaro me te ngaro o te mahara e tohu ana i te mate Alzheimer.

He aha te Mate Alzheimer?

Ko te mate Alzheimer he momo mate wareware e arahi ana ki ngā raruraru ki te mahara, te whakaaro, me te whāinga. Kāore i te wāhi noa o te koroheketanga, engari he ahuatanga hauora motuhake e pā ana ki te mahi o te roro.

Ka haere haere te mate, ka tīmata me te ngaro iti o te mahara, ka mutu ka arahi ki te uaua ki ngā mahi o ia rā. Ka mate haere ngā pūtau roro, ka iti haere te roro i te roanga o te wā.

Ahakoa kāore he rongoā i tēnei wā, ka taea e ngā maimoatanga te awhina i te whakahaere i ngā tohu me te whakapai ake i te kounga o te ora. Ka taea e te taumata whakamātautau me te whakauru wawe te whakarereke i te āhua o te haere o koe me tō whānau i tēnei haerenga.

He aha ngā Tohutohu o te Mate Alzheimer?

Ka puta haere ngā tohu o te mate Alzheimer, ā, ka rerekē mai i te tangata ki te tangata. Ko ngā tohu tuatahi he iti, ā, ka raru pea ki te koroheketanga noa i te tīmatanga.

Koinei ngā tohu tino noa ka kitea e koe:

• Te ngaro o te mahara e whakaroa ana i te oranga o ia rā, ina koa te wareware i ngā korero i akohia i tata nei
• Ngā wero i te whakarite mahere, te whakatau ranei i ngā raruraru, penei i te whai i ngā tunu kai e mohiotia ana
• Te uaua ki te whakaoti i ngā mahi e mohiotia ana i te kāinga, i te mahi, i ngā mahi wā-taha rānei
• Te whakapohehe ki te wā, ki te wāhi rānei, te ngaro rānei i te ara o ngā rā, ngā wa rānei
• Te uaua ki te mārama i ngā whakaahua tirohanga me ngā whanaungatanga wāhi
• Ngā raruraru ki ngā kupu i te kōrero, i te tuhituhi rānei, penei i te mutu i waenganui i te kōrero
• Te whakaputa i ngā mea me te ngaro o te kaha ki te whai i ngā kaupae
• Te whakaiti, te kino rānei o te whakatau, ina koa ki te moni, ki te tiaki whaiaro rānei
• Te wehe atu i te mahi, i ngā mahi pāpori rānei
• Ngā huringa i te ngākau me te tuakiri, tae atu ki te piki o te awangawanga, te whakapae rānei

Ka kaha ake ngā tohu i te roanga o te wā, engari ka rerekē te haere mo ia tangata. Ka raru pea etahi i ngā huringa tere, ka mau tonu etahi i ētahi kaha mo ngā tau.

He mea nui kia mahara ko te wareware wawe he mea noa. Ko te rerekētanga matua ko te wā e tīmata ai ngā raruraru mahara ki te whakaroa i tō oranga o ia rā me ō whanaungatanga.

He aha ngā Momo o te Mate Alzheimer?

Ko te mate Alzheimer ka wehea whānuitia ki ētahi momo e rua, e whakaū ana i te wā e tīmata ai ngā tohu. Ka taea e te mārama ki ēnei momo te awhina i a koe ki te hopu pai ake i tō āhuatanga, i te āhuatanga rānei o tētahi hoa aroha.

Te mate Alzheimer i muri mai te momo tino noa, e pā ana ki ngā tāngata 65 tau me te pakeke ake. Ko tēnei momo te nuinga atu i te 95% o ngā take katoa, ā, ka haere haere te whanaketanga i ngā tau maha.

Te mate Alzheimer i mua e pā ana ki ngā tāngata i raro i te 65 tau, i ētahi wā i te 40 tau, 50 tau rānei. He iti rawa tēnei momo, he iti iho i te 5% o ngā take, engari ka tere ake te haere.

He nui ake te tūponotanga o te mate Alzheimer i mua ki te whakauru ira. Ki te whai koe i ngā āwangawanga mō te hītori whānau, ka taea e te tohutohu ira te awhina i a koe ki te mārama ki tō tūponotanga me te whakatau whakamārama mō te whakamātautau.

He aha ngā Take o te Mate Alzheimer?

Ka puta te mate Alzheimer ina kohia ngā pūmua rerekē i roto i te roro, e whakaroa ana i te mahi noa o te pūtau. Kāore i te tino mārama te take tika, engari kua kitea e ngā kairangahau ngā take matua e uru ana ki te tukanga mate.

Ko ngā take matua ko ētahi pūmua e mahi rerekē ana:

• Beta-amyloid e hanga ana i ngā papa piri i waho o ngā pūtau roro, e whakaroa ana i te korerorero pūtau
• Tau pūmua e hanga ana i ngā whatu i roto i ngā pūtau roro, e whakaroa ana i te kawe o ngā kai me ētahi atu rauemi nui

Ka tīmata pea ēnei hanga pūmua i ngā tau i mua i te puta mai o ngā tohu. I te kohikohi, ka whakaohooho ratou i te mumura, ka mutu ka mate ngā pūtau roro.

Ka taea e ētahi take te whakauru ki tēnei tukanga, tae atu ki te tau, te ira, te oranga, me ngā āhuatanga taiao. Heoi, ko te whai i ngā take tūponotanga kāore e whakamana ka whanake koe i te mate.

I ngā take onge, ko ngā whakarerekētanga ira motuhake te take tika o te mate Alzheimer i mua. He onge ēnei momo i whakawhiwhia, engari ka haere tonu ki ngā whānau.

Nōhea te Tiro ki te Taakuta mō te Mate Alzheimer?

Me whakaaro koe ki te tiro atu ki te taakuta ki te pā ana ngā raruraru mahara, ngā huringa hinengaro rānei ki tō oranga o ia rā. Ka taea e te aromatawai wawe te awhina i te whakatau mena he hono ngā tohu ki te mate Alzheimer, ki tētahi atu ahuatanga rongoā rānei.

Whakatau rānei he hui ki te pā atu koe, ki tētahi hoa aroha rānei i ētahi tohu whakatūpato:

• Te ngaro o te mahara e whakaroa ana i te mahi, i ngā mahi o ia rā rānei
• Te uaua ki te whakarite mahere, ki te whakaoti rānei i ngā mahi e mohiotia ana
• Te whakapohehe mō te wā, te wāhi, te tangata rānei
• Ngā raruraru ki te reo, ki te whakawhitiwhiti korero rānei
• Te whakatau kino, te whakatau rānei
• Ngā huringa tuakiri, ngākau rānei e kore e rite ki te ahua

Kaua e tatari ki te manukanuka koe, ahakoa he iti ngā tohu. Ka taea e te taumata whakamātautau te whakarite pai ake me te uru atu ki ngā maimoatanga ka taea te awhina i te whakaheke i te haere.

Ka taea e tō taakuta matua te mahi i ngā aromatawai tuatahi me te tuku atu ki ngā tohunga ki te hiahiatia. Kia mahara, he maha ngā ahuatanga ka taea te arahi ki ngā raruraru mahara, ā, he maha ngā mea ka taea te rongoā.

He aha ngā Take Tūponotanga mō te Mate Alzheimer?

He maha ngā take ka taea te whakapiki ake i tō tūponotanga ki te whanaketanga o te mate Alzheimer, ahakoa ko te whai i ngā take tūponotanga kāore e tikanga ka whiwhi koe i te ahuatanga. Ka taea e te mārama ki ēnei take te awhina i a koe ki te whakatau whakamārama mō tō hauora.

Ko ngā take tūponotanga matua ko:

• Te Tau: Ka rua te tūponotanga mo ia rima tau i muri i te 65 tau
• Te hītori whānau: Ko te whai i tētahi mātua, te teina rānei me te mate Alzheimer ka whakapiki ake i tō tūponotanga
• Te ira: Ko ētahi momo ira, ina koa ko te APOE-e4, ka whakapiki ake i te ngoikore
• Ngā whara o te upoko: Ko ngā whara kino, maha rānei o te roro ka taea te whakapiki ake i te tūponotanga
• Te hauora o te ngakau: Ko ngā ahuatanga e pā ana ki te ngakau me ngā oko toto ka pā ki te hauora o te roro
• Te taumata mātauranga: Ko ngā taumata iti o te mātauranga whaimana ka taea te whakapiki ake i te tūponotanga
• Te wehe pāpori: Ko te iti o te whakauru pāpori ka taea te whakauru ki te heke o te hinengaro

Ko ētahi take tūponotanga ka taea te whakarereke ko te mate huka, te toto teitei, te momona, te kai hikareti, me te kore o te mahi tinana. Ka taea e te whakahaere i ēnei ahuatanga te awhina i te whakaheke i tō tūponotanga.

He nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā wāhine ki te whanake i te mate Alzheimer i ngā tāne, no te mea ka roa ake te ora o ngā wāhine. Heoi, he uaua te hononga i waenganui i te ira tangata me te tūponotanga, ā, kei te ako tonu.

He aha ngā Raruraru Ka Taea o te Mate Alzheimer?

Ka taea e te mate Alzheimer te arahi ki ngā raruraru maha i te haere, e pā ana ki te hauora tinana me te hinengaro. Ka awhina te mārama ki ēnei wero pea i ngā whānau ki te whakarite me te rapu i te tiaki tika.

Ko ngā raruraru noa ka puta mai ko:

• Te piki o te tūponotanga hinga na te whakapohehe, ngā raruraru toenga, me te whakatau kino
• Te uaua ki te horomia ka taea te arahi ki te ngākau, ki te mate huhu rānei
• Te kore mana i te pānga o te mate ki te mana o te putea me te kopu
• Ngā raruraru moe tae atu ki te kore ata noho, te haereere, te whakapohehe o te rā me te pō rānei
• Ngā huringa whāinga penei i te awangawanga, te tukino, te pouri rānei
• Te piki o te tūponotanga mate na te ngoikore o te pūnaha ārai me ngā uaua ki te tiaki i a koe
• Te kore kai me te kore wai na te wareware ki te kai, ki te inu rānei

Ka puta pea ēnei raruraru i ngā wā whakamutunga o te mate. Ma te tiaki tika me te tirotiro, ka taea te aukati, te whakahaere rānei i te nuinga.

Me mahi ngā mema whānau me ngā kai tiaki tata ki ngā kaiwhakarato hauora ki te hanga i ngā mahere haumaru me te whakautu i ngā raruraru i te puta mai. Ka taea e ngā ratonga tautoko ngaio te whakarereke nui i te whakahaere i ēnei wero.

Me pēhea te Taumata o te Mate Alzheimer?

Ko te taumata o te mate Alzheimer e whakauru ana i te aromatawai whānui, na te mea kāore he whakamātautau kotahi e taea te whakamana i te ahuatanga. Ka whakamahi tō taakuta i ngā huarahi maha ki te aromatawai i tō mahi hinengaro me te whakakore i ētahi atu take.

Ko te tukanga taumata e whakauru ana ki:

• Te arotake i te hītori hauora e whakauru ana ki ngā tohu, te hītori whānau, me ngā rongoā o nāianei
• Ngā whakamātautau tinana me ngā neurological ki te aromatawai i te hauora whānui me te mahi o te roro
• Ngā whakamātautau hinengaro me te mahara ki te aromatawai i ngā pukenga whakaaro me te mahi o ia rā
• Ngā whakamātautau toto ki te whakakore i ētahi atu ahuatanga penei i ngā kore o te huaora, i ngā raruraru thyroid rānei
• Te whakaahua roro penei i ngā whakaahua MRI, CT rānei ki te titiro ki ngā huringa hanganga
• Ngā whakaahua motuhake penei i ngā whakaahua PET ka taea te kite i ngā papa amyloid i ētahi wā

Ka roa pea te tukanga aromatawai i ngā hui maha me te whakauru i ngā tohunga rerekē. Ka taea pea te whakauru o tētahi neurologist, geriatrician, tohunga mahara rānei ki tō rōpū tiaki.

He mea nui te whiwhi i te taumata tika, na te mea ka taea e ētahi atu ahuatanga rongoā te arahi ki ngā tohu rite. Ka taea hoki e te taumata wawe te uru atu ki ngā maimoatanga me te whakarite mō te heke mai i te wā e taea ana e koe te whakauru ki ngā whakatau.

He aha te Maimoatanga mō te Mate Alzheimer?

Ahakoa kāore he rongoā i tēnei wā mō te mate Alzheimer, he maha ngā maimoatanga ka taea te awhina i te whakahaere i ngā tohu me te whakaheke pea i te haere. Ko te whāinga ko te pupuri i tō kounga o te ora me tō mana motuhake mo te roa o te wā.

Ko ngā huarahi maimoatanga o nāianei ko:

• Ngā kaihoroi cholinesterase penei i te donepezil, rivastigmine, me te galantamine ka taea te awhina ki te mahara me te whakaaro
• Te kaihoroi NMDA receptor (memantine) ka taea te awhina ki ngā wā tūturu ki te nui
• Ngā rongoā hou penei i te aducanumab e whakapae ana i ngā papa amyloid, ahakoa kei te ako tonu ngā painga
• Ngā whakauru whāinga ki te whakautu i ngā raruraru moe, te awangawanga, te pouri rānei
• Te whakaohooho hinengaro mā ngā mahi e whakauru ana i te whakaaro me te mahara
• Te mahi tinana ngā kaupapa e rite ana ki ō kaha

Ko ngā mahere maimoatanga he tino motuhake i runga i ō tohu motuhake, te wā o te mate, me te hauora whānui. Ka mahi tahi tō taakuta ki a koe ki te rapu i te whakakotahitanga tika o ngā huarahi.

Ko ngā maimoatanga kore-rongoā he mea nui ano. Ko te hanga i ngā kaupapa whakarite, te pupuri i ngā hononga pāpori, me te whakarite i te taiao haumaru ka taea te pānga nui ki te mahi o ia rā me te oranga pai.

Me pēhea te Tiaki i te Kāinga i te Wā o te Mate Alzheimer?

Ko te tiaki kāinga mō tētahi me te mate Alzheimer e aro ana ki te hanga i te taiao haumaru, tautoko e whakapiki ana i te mana motuhake i te wā e whakarite ana i te haumaru. Ka taea e ngā huringa iti te whakarereke nui i te oranga o ia rā.

Koinei ngā rautaki matua mō te whakahaere kāinga:

• Te whakarite i ngā kaupapa whakarite mō ngā kai, ngā mahi, me te moe ki te whakaiti i te whakapohehe
• Te whakamahi i te taiao mā te tango i ngā mea raru me ngā tūponotanga
• Te whakamahi i ngā tohu mārama me ngā tohu ki te awhina i te whakatere me ngā mahi o ia rā
• Te whakarite i te mārama tika puta noa i te kāinga, ina koa i te pō
• Te tāpiri i ngā āhuatanga haumaru penei i ngā pou hopu, ngā pūmau i runga i ngā kapeti, me ngā pūnaha tirotiro
• Te pupuri i ngā hononga pāpori mā ngā haerenga, mahi rānei me ngā whānau me ngā hoa
• Te whakatenatena i te mahi tinana e rite ana ki ngā kaha o nāianei

Ka kaha ake te whakawhitiwhiti korero i te haere o te mate. Kōrero ngāwari, mārama, whakamahia ngā rerenga kupu ngāwari, ā, hoatu ki ngā tāngata te wā ki te whakaū i ngā korero.

Kia mahara ko te tiaki i tētahi me te mate Alzheimer he mea hiahia. Me tautoko hoki ngā kai tiaki, ahakoa mā te tiaki wātea, ngā rōpū tautoko, te awhina ngaio rānei. Ko te tiaki i a koe ake ka taea te awhina i a koe ki te whakarato i te tiaki pai ake mō tō hoa aroha.

Me pēhea te Whakarite mō tō Hui Taakuta?

Ko te whakarite mō ngā hui hauora ka taea te awhina i a koe ki te whakamahi pai i tō wā me ngā kaiwhakarato hauora. Ko te whakarite pai ka whakarite kia whakautuhia ngā āwangawanga nui, kāore hoki tetahi mea i warewarehia.

I mua i tō hui, kohia ēnei korero:

• Te raarangi i ngā tohu o nāianei tae atu ki te wā i tīmata ai rātou me te āhua o te huringa
• Te tuhituhi i ngā wero o ia rā me ngā tauira motuhake o ngā uaua
• Te kohikohi i ngā rārangi rongoā tae atu ki ngā rongoā tākuta, ngā taapiri, me ngā rongoā kaute-i-rū
• Te whakarite i te hītori whānau ina koa tetahi whānau me te mate wareware, te mate Alzheimer rānei
• Te tuhi i ngā pātai me ngā āwangawanga e hiahia ana koe ki te kōrero
• Te kawe mai i tētahi hoa aroha, mema whānau rānei ki te awhina i te mahara ki ngā korero me te whakarato i te tautoko

Whakaarohia te pupuri i te puka o ia rā mō te wiki, rua rānei i mua i tō hui. Ka taea e tēnei te awhina i a koe ki te kite i ngā tauira me te whakarato i ngā tauira motuhake o ngā tohu.

Kaua e whakaroa ki te ui i ngā pātai i tō haerenga. Ko te mārama ki tō ahuatanga, ngā whiringa maimoatanga, me te mea e tatari ana ka awhina i a koe ki te whakatau whakamārama mō tō tiaki.

Me pēhea te Aukati i te Mate Alzheimer?

Ahakoa kāore he huarahi kī hei aukati i te mate Alzheimer, e kī ana te rangahau ko ētahi whiringa oranga ka taea te awhina i te whakaheke i tō tūponotanga. Ka pai hoki ēnei tikanga ki tō hauora whānui me tō oranga pai.

Ko ngā rautaki tiaki pea ko:

• Te mahi tinana noa e whakapā ana i tō ngakau me te toto e rere ana ki te roro
• Te kai hauora e whai hua ana i ngā hua, ngā huawhenua, ngā witi katoa, me ngā ngako momona omega-3
• Te whakaohooho hinengaro mā te ako, te pānui, ngā mīharo, ngā mahi wā-taha rānei
• Te whakauru pāpori me ngā whānau, ngā hoa, me ngā mahi hapori
• Te moe kounga o te 7-8 haora ia pō i runga i te whakaritenga noa
• Te whakahaere i te ahotea mā ngā tikanga whakamahinga, te whakaaroaro, te tohutohu rānei
• Te hauora o te ngakau mā te whakahaere i te toto teitei, te cholesterol, me te mate huka

Kua whakaatuhia te kai Mediterranean i te whakamahinga motuhake i te rangahau hauora roro. Ko tēnei tauira kai e whakanui ana i te ika, te hinu oriwa, ngā nati, me te maha o ngā huawhenua tae.

He mea nui hoki te whakahaere i ngā ahuatanga roa penei i te mate huka me te toto teitei. Ka taea e ēnei ahuatanga te pā ki te rere o te toto ki te roro, ā, ka taea te whakapiki ake i te tūponotanga o te mate wareware.

He aha te Tākutake Matua mō te Mate Alzheimer?

Ko te mate Alzheimer he ahuatanga wero, engari ko te mārama ki a ia ka manaaki koe ki te mahi. Ahakoa kāore ano he rongoā, ka taea e te taumata wawe me te whakahaere tika te whakapai ake i te kounga o te ora.

Ko te mea tino nui kia mahara kei te noho koe kotahi i tēnei haerenga. Kei te wātea ngā kaiwhakarato hauora, ngā rōpū tautoko, me ngā rauemi hapori ki te awhina i a koe ki te haere i ngā wero kei mua.

Ki te manukanuka koe mō ngā raruraru mahara, kaua e whakaroa ki te rapu i te aromatawai hauora. He maha ngā ahuatanga ka taea te pā ki te mahara, ā, he maha ngā mea ka taea te rongoā. Ka hoatu e te whakauru wawe te whai waahi pai ki a koe ki te pupuri i te mana motuhake me te whakarite mō te heke mai.

Mō ngā kai tiaki me ngā mema whānau, kia mahara ko te tiaki i a koe ake he mea nui. Rapua te tautoko ina hiahia koe, ā, kaua e whakaroa ki te tono awhina mai i ngā tohunga, i ngā rauemi hapori rānei.

Ngā Pātai Nui e Uihia ana mō te Mate Alzheimer

P1: He ira te mate Alzheimer?

Ka taea e te mate Alzheimer te whai i te whakauru ira, engari kāore i te whakawhiwhia noa i ētahi atu ahuatanga. Ko te nuinga o ngā take he wā muri, ā, e whakauru ana i ngā mahi uaua i waenganui i ngā ira me te taiao. Ko ngā momo i mua noa iho te take tika o ngā whakarerekētanga ira motuhake. Ko te whai i te hītori whānau ka whakapiki ake i tō tūponotanga, engari kāore e whakamana ka whanake koe i te mate.

P2: E pehea te roa te ora o ngā tāngata me te mate Alzheimer?

Ka rerekē te haere o te mate Alzheimer mai i te tangata ki te tangata. I te toharite, ka ora ngā tāngata 4-8 tau i muri i te taumata, engari ka ora pea etahi tae atu ki te 20 tau. Ko ngā take e pā ana ki te roa o te ora ko te tau i te taumata, te hauora whānui, me te uru atu ki te tiaki. Ka taea e te taumata wawe me te whakahaere hauora pai te awhina i te whakawhiti i te ora me te kounga o te ora.

P3: Ka taea e te ahotea te arahi ki te mate Alzheimer?

Ko te ahotea roa kāore e arahi tika ki te mate Alzheimer, engari ka taea te whakauru ki ngā huringa roro e whakapiki ake ana i te tūponotanga. Ka pā te ahotea ki te pūnaha ārai, ā, ka taea te whakaiti i ētahi atu take tūponotanga penei i te toto teitei. Ko te whakahaere i te ahotea mā ngā rautaki whakautu hauora he pai mō te hauora whānui o te roro, ā, ka taea te awhina i te whakaheke i tō tūponotanga ki te heke o te hinengaro.

P4: He rongoā hou kei te whānaketanga?

Ae, kei te mahi ngā kairangahau ki ngā maimoatanga hou mō te mate Alzheimer. Ko ngā wāhi arotahi o nāianei ko ngā rongoā e whakapae ana i ngā papa amyloid me ngā whatu tau, ngā rongoā anti-mumura, me ngā huarahi e tiaki ana i ngā pūtau roro. Kei te haere tonu ngā whakamātautau hauora, ā, ahakoa ka roa te haere, he take mō te tumanako atawhai mō ngā maimoatanga o te heke mai.

P5: He aha te rerekētanga i waenganui i te mate Alzheimer me ētahi atu momo mate wareware?

Ko te mate Alzheimer te momo mate wareware tino nui, e whakaū ana i te 60-80% o ngā take. Ko ētahi atu momo ko te mate wareware toto, te mate wareware Lewy body, me te mate wareware frontotemporal. Kei ia te take rerekē, ā, ka taea te pā rerekē ki te roro. He mea nui te taumata tika, na te mea ka rerekē ngā maimoatanga me te whakatau.