He aha te mate pukupuku o te tara? Ngā tohu, ngā take, me te rongoā

Ko te mate pukupuku o te tara tētahi momo mate pukupuku e tupu ana i ngā kiko o te tara, arā, te wahi e mutu ana tōu ara kai. Ahakoa ehara i te mea noa penei i ētahi atu mate pukupuku, ko te mārama ki ōna tohu me ngā huarahi rongoā ka āhei te awhina i a koe kia mōhio ake, kia whakarite pai hoki.

Ka pā tēnei āhuatanga ki ngā pūtau e hipoki ana i tō kauae tara, i te kiri rānei e karapotia ana tō wahi tara. Ko te nuinga o ngā take e hono ana ki ētahi mate huaketo, inā te huaketo papilloma tangata (HPV). Ko te rongo pai, ki te hopukina i te wā, he tino rongoā te mate pukupuku o te tara, ā, he pai ngā hua mō te nuinga o te iwi.

He aha ngā tohu o te mate pukupuku o te tara?

I te tīmatanga, kāore te mate pukupuku o te tara e tino tohu, koia te take i nui ai ngā tirotiro auau. Ki te puta mai ngā tohu, ka taea pea te whakaaro he āhuatanga noa, pēnei i ngā hemorrhoids, i ngā pakaru tara rānei.

Ko ēnei ngā tohu ka whakaatu pea tō tinana ki te tupu mai te mate pukupuku o te tara:

• Te toto mai i tō tūtae, i tō tara rānei, inā i te wā e haere ana te wāhi.
• Te mamae, te pēhanga, te mamae rānei i tō wāhi tara.
• Te ngau, te wai rānei mai i tō tara.
• He puku, he mea nui rānei e taea te kite i te taha o tō wahi tara.
• Ngā huringa i ō tikanga wāhi, i te āhua rānei o tō tūtae.
• Ngā whekau lymph pupuhi i tō tara, i tō pū rānei.

Kāore i te noa, ka raru pea koe i te ngenge, i te ngaro taimaha rānei kaore he take. Ka puta pea ēnei tohu i te wā roa, ā, ka puta mai, ka ngaro atu rānei i te tīmatanga. Kia mahara, ko te whai i ēnei tohu kāore i te tikanga kei a koe te mate pukupuku, i te mea he maha atu ngā āhuatanga ka puta mai ngā raruraru rite.

He aha ngā momo mate pukupuku o te tara?

Ka whakarōpū ngā tākuta i te mate pukupuku o te tara i runga i te momo pūtau i tīmata ai. Ko te mārama ki ēnei momo ka āhei te awhina i tō rōpū hauora kia whiriwhiri i te huarahi rongoā tino pai mō tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Ko te momo tino noa ko te mate pukupuku pūtau squamous, e tupu ana i ngā pūtau papatahi e hipoki ana i te nuinga o tō kauae tara. Koinei te 80-90% o ngā mate pukupuku o te tara katoa, ā, he tino pai te whakautu ki te rongoā.

He iti te noa o te adenocarcinoma, ā, ka tīmata i ngā pūtau whekau o tō kauae tara. Ka taea pea e tēnei momo te horapa ki ngā whekau lymph tata, ā, ka hiahia pea ki ngā huarahi rongoā rerekē.

Ko ētahi atu momo kāore i te noa ko te melanoma, e tupu ana i ngā pūtau e whakaputa ana i te tae, me te mate pukupuku pūtau iti. Ka rerekē pea te whāinga o ēnei momo kāore i te noa, ā, he maha ngā mahere rongoā motuhake e tika ana mō ō rātou āhuatanga motuhake.

He aha ngā take o te mate pukupuku o te tara?

Ka tupu te mate pukupuku o te tara ina huri ngā pūtau noa i roto i ō kiko tara, ka tupu haere koretake. Ahakoa kāore e taea e tātou te tātari tika he aha te take, kua kitea e ngā kairangahau ngā take matua e whakapiki ana i te tūponotanga.

Ko te take matua ko te mate huaketo ki te huaketo papilloma tangata (HPV), inā ngā momo 16 me te 18. He tino noa te huaketo HPV, ā, ka horapa ma te hono tata o te kiri ki te kiri. Ko te nuinga o te iwi e whai ana i te HPV kāore e whiwhi mate pukupuku, engari ko ngā mate roa ka arahi pea ki ngā huringa pūtau i roto i ngā tau maha.

He mea nui tō pūnaha mate i te aukatinga i te whanaketanga o te mate pukupuku. Ki te ngoikore tō pūnaha mate i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mate HIV/AIDS, i ngā rongoā rānei e whakaiti ana i te mate, ka raru pea tō tinana ki te tango i ngā mate HPV.

Ka taea hoki e te mumura roa i tō wāhi tara mai i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i ngā pakaru tara, i te mate pūtau mumura rānei o te puku te whakapiki i te tūponotanga o te mate pukupuku i te wā roa. I tua atu, e kite ana te kai paipa i te whakapiki i tō tūponotanga, pea ma te whakaiti i tō whakautu mate, me te pānga ki te tukatuka a tō tinana i te HPV.

Nōhea te haere ki te taote mō ngā āhuatanga o te mate pukupuku o te tara?

Me whakapiri atu koe ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora ki te kite koe i ngā tohu mau tonu kāore e pai ake i roto i ngā wiki torutoru. Ka taea e te aromatawai wawe te awhina i te wehewehe i waenga i te mate pukupuku o te tara me ētahi atu āhuatanga e taea te rongoā e puta mai ana ngā tohu rite.

Rapua te tiaki hauora i te wa poto ki te raru koe i te toto tūtae tonu, inā he hou, he rerekē rānei i te mea kua kitea e koe i mua. Ahakoa ko te toto i te nuinga o te wā he mate hemorrhoids, he āhuatanga pai rānei, he mea nui kia whiwhi koe i te aromatawai tika.

Kaua e whakaroa ki te rapu awhina ki te kite koe i te puku hou, i te mea nui rānei i tō wāhi tara, te mamae tonu e āwangawanga ana i ngā mahi o ia rā, i ngā huringa nui rānei i ō tikanga wāhi. E tika ana ēnei tohu kia arotakehia e te tohunga hei whakatau i tōna take.

Ki te whai koe i ngā take tūponotanga pēnei i te mate HIV, te hītori o ētahi atu mate pukupuku e hono ana ki te HPV, te kai rongoā rānei e whakaiti ana i te mate, kōrerohia te tirotiro auau ki tō taote. Ka taea e rātou te tūtohu i te arotake tika i runga i tō pūkete tūponotanga motuhake.

He aha ngā take tūponotanga mō te mate pukupuku o te tara?

He maha ngā take ka taea te whakapiki i tō tūponotanga ki te whiwhi mate pukupuku o te tara, ahakoa ko te whai i ngā take tūponotanga kāore i te tikanga ka whiwhi koe i te mate. Ko te mārama ki ēnei take ka āhei te awhina i a koe me tō taote ki te whakatau i ngā whakatau mō te tirotiro me te aukatinga.

Ko ēnei ngā take matua ka taea te whakapiki i tō tūponotanga:

• Te mate HPV, inā ki ngā momo tūponotanga teitei pēnei i te HPV 16 me te 18
• Te mate HIV, i ētahi atu āhuatanga rānei e whakaiti ana i tō pūnaha mate
• Te kai i ngā rongoā e whakaiti ana i tō pūnaha mate
• Te whai hoa moe maha, te tīmatanga rānei o te mahi moe i te wā taitamariki
• Te hītori o te mate pukupuku o te kaki, o te tara wahine, o te tara wahine rānei
• Te kai paipa tapoko
• Te pakeke atu i te 50 tau
• Te mumura tara roa, te āwangawanga rānei

E kite ana ngā wāhine i te tūponotanga iti ake i ngā tāne, ahakoa kāore i te tino marama ngā take. I tua atu, ko te iwi e mahi ana i te moe tara whakatūpato pea ka nui ake te whakaū ki te HPV, ahakoa ka taea te puta te mate pukupuku o te tara ki te tangata, ahakoa te mahi moe.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te mate pukupuku o te tara?

Ki te kitea, ki te rongoā hoki i te wā, ko te nuinga o te iwi e whai ana i te mate pukupuku o te tara ka whiwhi i ngā hua pai me ngā pānga poto-roa iti. Heoi, ko te mārama ki ngā raruraru pea ka āhei te awhina i a koe ki te mahi tahi me tō rōpū hauora hei aukati, hei whakahaere rānei i a rātou.

Ki te kore e rongoā, ka taea e te mate pukupuku o te tara te horapa ki ngā whekau lymph tata i tō pū, i tō pū rānei. Ko te horapa rohe i te nuinga o te wā he tino rongoā tonu, engari ka hiahia pea ki ngā huarahi rongoā nui ake.

I roto i ngā take whanui, ka taea pea e te mate pukupuku te horapa ki ngā whekau tawhiti pēnei i tō ate, i ō ngā manawa, i ō wheua rānei. Ahakoa he iti te noa, he āhuatanga nui ake tēnei e hiahia ana ki te tiaki mate pukupuku motuhake me te mahere rongoā whānui.

Ko ngā raruraru e hono ana ki te rongoā ka uru atu ngā raruraru whakahaere wāhi, te āwangawanga kiri i te wāhi i rongoā, te ngenge rānei i te wā o te rongoā radiation. Ko te nuinga o ēnei pānga ka taea te whakahaere, ā, ka pai ake i muri i te mutunga o te rongoā.

Me pēhea te aukati i te mate pukupuku o te tara?

Ahakoa kāore e taea e koe te aukati i ngā take katoa o te mate pukupuku o te tara, he maha ngā rautaki ka taea te whakaiti nui i tō tūponotanga. Ko te huarahi tino whai hua ko te whakakotahi i te inopēnē, ngā mahi haumaru, me te hauora auau.

Ka tuku te inopēnē HPV i te tiaki pai ki ngā momo huaketo e tino pā ana ki te mate pukupuku o te tara. Ka pai ake te mahi o te inopēnē ki te hoatu i mua i te whakaū ki te HPV, i te nuinga o te wā i ngā tau preteen, engari ka taea tonu te tuku hua mō ngā pakeke tae atu ki te 45 tau.

Ko te mahi moe haumaru ma te whakamahi i ngā koniti me te whakaiti i te maha o ō hoa moe ka taea te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te horapa HPV. Heoi, kia mahara ka taea te horapa o te HPV ma te hono o te kiri ki te kiri, no reira kāore ngā koniti e tuku i te tiaki katoa.

Ki te kai paipa koe, ko te mutu ka taea te whakapai ake i te kaha o tō pūnaha mate ki te whawhai ki ngā mate HPV. Ka taea e tō taote te tuku rauemi me te tautoko hei awhina i a koe ki te mutu pai.

He mea nui te tirotiro auau, inā ki te whai koe i te mate HIV, i ētahi atu āhuatanga pūnaha mate rānei. Ka taea e tō kaiwhakarato hauora te tūtohu i ngā wā tirotiro tika i runga i ō take tūponotanga motuhake.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te mate pukupuku o te tara?

Ko te whakatau i te mate pukupuku o te tara e tīmata ana i tō taote e ui ana ki ō tohu me te mahi i te tirotiro tinana. Ka āhei tēnei aromatawai tīmatanga ki te whakatau he aha ngā whakamātautau atu pea e hiahiatia ana.

Ka mahi pea tō taote i te whakamātautau tara matihiko, ka whakauru māori i te maihao e hipoki ana ki roto ki tō tūtae hei kite i ngā puku rerekē, i ngā wāhi rānei e awangawanga ana. Ahakoa kaore pea e pai te ahua, he poto, he whakaatu i ngā korero nui.

Ka taea e te anoscopy te āhei i tō taote ki te titiro tika ki tō kauae tara ma te whakamahi i te pūpoi iti, te rama rānei e kiia nei he anoscope. Ka āhei tēnei tukanga ki te kite i ngā āhuatanga rerekē, ā, ka taea te arahi i ngā whakatau mō te tātaritanga kiko.

Ki te kitea ngā wāhi e whakapae ana, ka mahi tō taote i te biopsy, ka tango i te kiko iti hei tātaritanga taiwhanga. Koinei anake te huarahi hei whakatau tika i te mate pukupuku me te whakatau i tōna momo me ōna āhuatanga motuhake.

Ka tūtohu pea ngā whakamātautau atu pēnei i ngā CT scan, MRI, i ngā PET scan hei whakatau mēnā kua horapa te mate pukupuku ki ētahi atu wāhi. Ka āhei ēnei whakaahua ki tō rōpū hauora ki te whakawhanake i te mahere rongoā tino tika mō tō āhuatanga.

He aha te rongoā mō te mate pukupuku o te tara?

Kua tino pai ake te rongoā mō te mate pukupuku o te tara i ngā tau kua pahure, ā, ko te nuinga o te iwi ka whiwhi i te whakahokinga katoa. Ka whakaritea tō mahere rongoā ki tō āhuatanga motuhake, tae atu ki te wā o te mate pukupuku, te wāhi, me tō hauora whānui.

Ko te huarahi rongoā paerewa ko te whakakotahi i te chemotherapy me te rongoā radiation, e kiia ana ko te chemoradiation. Ka mahi tahi tēnei whakakotahitanga, me te chemotherapy e whakaiti ana i ngā pūtau mate pukupuku ki te radiation, i te wā e āta whakaaro ana te radiation ki te mate pukupuku.

Ko te chemotherapy e whakauru ana i ngā rongoā e hoatu ana ma te IV, ma te waha rānei i roto i ngā wiki maha. Ko ngā rongoā noa ko te mitomycin C me te 5-fluorouracil, e mahi ana ma te whakawakia i te tipu me te wehewehe o ngā pūtau mate pukupuku.

Ka whakamahi te rongoā radiation i ngā hihi kaha ki te whakangaro i ngā pūtau mate pukupuku i te wā e whakaiti ana i te kino ki ngā kiko hauora. Ka taea e ngā hangarau hou te āta tirotiro i te wāhi mate pukupuku, te whakaiti i ngā pānga i te whakataurite ki ngā tikanga tawhito.

Ko te pokanga i te nuinga o te wā ka waiho mō ngā take kaore i te tino whakakore i te mate pukupuku te chemoradiation, ki te hokinga mai rānei o te mate pukupuku i muri i te rongoā tīmatanga. I roto i ngā take kāore i te noa, ka uru pea tēnei ki te tango i tetahi wāhanga o te tara me te tūtae, engari he iti rawa te noa i te wā o mua.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i ngā tohu i te wā o te rongoā mate pukupuku o te tara?

Ko te whakahaere i ngā pānga i te wā o te rongoā ka āhei te awhina i a koe ki te pupuri i tō kounga ora, ki te haere tonu hoki me tō mahere rongoā. Ka mahi tata tō rōpū hauora ki a koe hei aukati, hei whakautu rānei ki ngā take e puta mai ana.

Ka tino nui te tiaki kiri i te wā o te rongoā radiation, i te mea ka āwangawanga pea, ka mārō rānei te wāhi i rongoā. Whakamahia ngā mea horoi ngawari, ngā mea kakara kore e tūtohu ana tō rōpū tiaki, ā, kaua e whakamahi i ngā haukū, i ngā hua rānei kaha.

Ka taea e ngā whakarerekētanga kai te awhina i te whakahaere i ngā huringa wāhi i te wā o te rongoā. Ka tūtohu pea tō taote i te kai iti-pūtau i te tīmatanga, ka whai ake ngā piki haere i te wā e rite ana tō pūnaha. He mea nui te noho makuku.

Ko te ngenge he mea noa i te wā o te rongoā, na reira whakaritea he okioki atu, kaua hoki e whakaroa ki te tono awhina mō ngā mahi o ia rā. Ko te whakakori ngawari pēnei i ngā hikoi poto ka taea te awhina i te pupuri i ō taumata kaha ina pai koe ki te mahi.

Ko ngā whiringa whakahaere mamae mai i ngā rongoā kore-tūtohu ki ngā whiringa rongoā mena e hiahiatia ana. Ka taea e tō rōpū tiaki te tūtohu i te huarahi pai i runga i ō tohu motuhake me tō mahere rongoā.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui taote?

Ko te whakarite mō tō hui ka āhei te whakarite kia whiwhi koe i te hua nui mai i tō wā ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora. Ko te whakarite me te mōhio ka āhei te whakaputa i ngā kōrero hua ake mō ō awangawanga me ngā whiringa rongoā.

Tuhia ō tohu katoa, tae atu ki te wā i tīmata ai, te auau o te puta mai, me te aha e pai ake ai, e kino ake rānei. Whakauruhia ngā kōrero mō ngā huringa i ō tikanga wāhi, ngā taumata mamae, i ētahi atu awangawanga rānei kua kitea e koe.

Kawe mai he rārangi o ngā rongoā katoa e kai ana koe, tae atu ki ngā rongoā kore-tūtohu, ngā taapiri, me ngā rongoā otaota. I tua atu, kohikohia tō hītori hauora, tae atu ki ngā mate pukupuku o mua, ngā āhuatanga pūnaha mate, i ngā pokanga rānei.

Whakaritea ngā pātai e hiahia ana koe ki te ui ki tō taote. Whakaarohia te ui mō tō whakatau, ngā whiringa rongoā, ngā pānga pea, me te aha e tatari ana i te wā whakaora. Kaua e manukanuka ki te ui i ngā pātai maha – e hiahia ana tō taote kia mōhio koe.

Whakaarohia te kawe mai i tētahi hoa whakawhirinaki, i tētahi mema whānau rānei ki tō hui. Ka taea e rātou te tuku tautoko ngākau, te awhina hoki i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā korero nui i kōrerotia i tō haerenga.

He aha te mea nui mō te mate pukupuku o te tara?

Ko te mate pukupuku o te tara, ahakoa he kino, he tino rongoā ina kitea i te wā, ā, ko te nuinga o te iwi ka ora katoa. Ko te mea nui kia kaua e whakaroa ki te rapu awhina hauora ki te kite koe i ngā tohu mau tonu e awangawanga ana koe.

Ko te aukati ma te inopēnē HPV me te tirotiro auau mō ngā tangata tūponotanga teitei te tuku i te tiaki pai ki te whanaketanga o te mate pukupuku o te tara. Ki te whiwhi koe i te whakatau, kia mahara kua tino pai ake ngā hua rongoā i ngā tau kua pahure.

Ko tō rōpū hauora tō hoa kaha i roto i tēnei haerenga. He wheako whānui kei a rātou i te rongoā i te mate pukupuku o te tara, ā, ka mahi tahi rātou ki a koe hei whakawhanake i te mahere rongoā e whakautu ana ki ō hiahia hauora me ō awangawanga kounga ora.

Noho hono atu ki tō pūnaha tautoko, whai i tō mahere rongoā, kaua hoki e whakaroa ki te kōrero ki tō rōpū hauora mō ngā awangawanga. Ma te tiaki tika me te tautoko, ko te nuinga o te iwi e whai ana i te mate pukupuku o te tara ka haere tonu ki te ora ora, hauora.

Ngā pātai e ui pinepinetia ana mō te mate pukupuku o te tara

He rite te mate pukupuku o te tara ki te mate pukupuku colorectal?

Kāo, he rerekē ngā momo mate pukupuku o te tara me te mate pukupuku colorectal, e puta ana i ngā wāhi rerekē o tō pūnaha kai. Ka tupu te mate pukupuku o te tara i te tara, i te wā e puta ana te mate pukupuku colorectal i te kōkona, i te tūtae rānei. He rerekē ō rātou take, ngā take tūponotanga, me ngā huarahi rongoā, ahakoa he tino rongoā ngā mea e rua ina kitea i te wā.

Ka taea te whakaora katoa te mate pukupuku o te tara?

Ae, ka taea te whakaora katoa te mate pukupuku o te tara, inā ina kitea i ngā wā tīmatanga. Ko te reiti ora rima tau mō te mate pukupuku o te tara rohe neke atu i te 80%. Ko te nuinga o te iwi e rongoā ana ma te whakakotahitanga paerewa o te chemotherapy me te rongoā radiation ka whiwhi i te whakahokinga katoa, ā, ka noho kore mate pukupuku mo te wā roa.

Me hiahia ahau ki te pokanga mena kei ahau te mate pukupuku o te tara?

Ko te nuinga o te iwi e whai ana i te mate pukupuku o te tara kāore e hiahia ki te pokanga hei rongoā matua. Ko te huarahi paerewa e whakamahi ana i te chemotherapy me te rongoā radiation tahi, he tino whai hua. Ko te pokanga i te nuinga o te wā ka whakaarohia anake ki te kore e tino whakautu te mate pukupuku ki te rongoā tīmatanga, ki te hokinga mai rānei i muri i te rongoā.

E hia te roa o te rongoā mate pukupuku o te tara?

Ko te rongoā i te nuinga o te wā e 6-8 wiki te roa, me te chemotherapy me te rongoā radiation e hoatu tahi ana. Ka whiwhi pea koe i te rongoā radiation rima rā i te wiki i roto i tēnei wā, me te chemotherapy e hoatu ana i ngā rā motuhake. Ka whakawhirinaki tō kaupapa rongoā tika ki tō mahere rongoā motuhake me te āhua o tō whakautu ki te rongoā.

Ka taea e au te aukati i te mate pukupuku o te tara mena kei ahau te HPV?

Ae, ka taea tonu e koe te mahi hei whakaiti i tō tūponotanga ahakoa kei a koe te HPV. Ka taea pea e tō pūnaha mate te tango i ngā mate HPV i te āhua noa, ā, ko te pupuri i te hauora whānui pai ka tautoko i tēnei tukanga. Ko te mutu i te kai paipa, te whiwhi i ngā tirotiro auau, me te whai i ngā tūtohu tirotiro ka taea te awhina i te kite i ngā huringa i te wā i te wā e tino rongoā ana.