He aha te Anaphylaxis? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te anaphylaxis he mate pāwera nui, he mate pea ka mate, ka puta mai i te whakautu nui atu o tō pūnaha mate ki tetahi mea e whakaarohia ana e ia he kino. I roto i ngā meneti i muri i te whakamahinga ki tetahi mea pāwera, ka taea e tō tinana te haere ki te ohorere, ka uaua te manawa, ka heke te toto i raro iho i te taumata.

Ko tēnei mate āwhina ka pā ki tō tinana katoa i te wa kotahi, ehara i tetahi wāhi anake. Whakaarohia he rite ki te karangatanga o tō pūnaha mate, ka nui rawa te kino ki a koe i te tiaki ia koe. Ko te rongo pai, ka taea te whakaora pai te anaphylaxis ina kitea wawe.

He aha ngā tohu o te anaphylaxis?

Ka puta mai ngā tohu o te anaphylaxis i te wa poto, ā, ka piki haere i roto i ngā meneti. Ka hoatu e tō tinana ngā tohu whakatūpato mārama kei te puta mai tetahi mea nui, ā, ko te mohiotanga ki ēnei tohu wawe ka whakaora i tō oranga.

Ko ngā tohu tino noa ka pā atu ki a koe:

• Uaua te manawa, te wheez
• Pūngā o tō mata, ngutu, arero, rānei korokoro
• Te tere, te ngoikore o te tukunga toto
• Ngā āhuatanga o te kiri penei i ngā hives, te ngau, te whero rānei o te kiri
• Te ruaki, te ruaki, te korere rānei
• Te wiri, te ngaro rānei o te ngākau
• Te whakaaro kei te tata te mate

Ko ētahi tāngata ka pā atu ki ngā tohu kaore i te noa, engari he kino tonu. Ka uru atu ēnei ki ngā mamae o te kopu, te whakapohehe, te reka rānei o te rino i roto i tō waha. Ka taea hoki e tō kiri te huri ki te kikorangi, ina koa i te taha o ō ngutu me ō maihao, e tohu ana kaore koe e whiwhi hau.

Ko te mea ka tino kino te anaphylaxis ko te tere o te kino o ngā tohu. Ka tīmata pea koe me te ngau iti, ā, i roto i ngā meneti 15 ka kite koe kei te uaua ki te manawa. Ko tēnei tere o te piki haere te take i tino nui ai te tiaki hauora.

He aha ngā take o te anaphylaxis?

Ka puta te anaphylaxis ina pohehe tō pūnaha mate i tetahi mea kaore i te kino hei mate nui. Katahi ka tukuna e tō tinana te nui o ngā matū hei whawhai ki tēnei mate e whakaarohia ana, engari ko ēnei matū ka puta mai ngā tohu kino.

Ko ngā mea tino nui ka taea te whakaoho i tēnei whakautu:

• Ngā kai penei i ngā pīnati, ngā nati rākau, ngā shellfish, ngā ika, te miraka, me ngā hua
• Ngā ngau pepeke mai i ngā pī, ngā waipū, ngā hornets, ngā pī ka rere rānei
• Ngā rongoā penei i ngā antibiotics, aspirin, ngā rongoā mamae rānei
• Te latex e kitea ana i ngā karapu, ngā poroporo, ngā taputapu hauora rānei

Ka taea e ngā mea whakaoho kaore i te noa te hopu i ngā tāngata. Ko ētahi tāngata ka whakautu ki te whakakori tinana, ina koa ka whakauruhia ki te kai i ētahi kai. Ka taea e ētahi te whakautu ki ngā tae whakapae e whakamahia ana i te whakaahua hauora, ki ngā pāmahana makariri rānei i roto i ngā take onge.

I etahi wa kaore e taea e ngā taote te whakatau tika i te take o tō whakautu anaphylactic, e kiia ana ko te anaphylaxis idiopathic. Ka taea e tēnei te ahua pouri, engari kaore e whakarereke i te āhuatanga o te ārai, te whakahaere rānei i mua.

Nōhea te haere ki te taote mō te anaphylaxis?

Waea atu ki te 111 inaianei mehemea kei te whakaaro koe kei te pā te anaphylaxis ki a koe, ki tetahi atu rānei. Ehara tēnei i te āhuatanga ka taea te whakaora i te kāinga, te tatari rānei kia pai ake.

Me rapu āwhina āwhina tonu mehemea ka kite koe i tetahi whakakotahitanga o ngā tohu e pā ana ki ngā wāhanga rerekē o tō tinana. Hei tauira, mehemea kei a koe ngā āhuatanga o te kiri me ngā raruraru manawa, te ruaki rānei me te wiri, ka taea e ēnei te tohu anaphylaxis.

Ahakoa ka pai ake ngā tohu i a rātou ano, me whakamātau tonu koe e te taote. I etahi wā ka taea e te anaphylaxis te whakaoho i tetahi atu raru o ngā tohu e kiia ana ko te whakautu biphasic, ka puta mai i muri i ngā haora i muri i te mutu o te whakautu tuatahi.

I muri i tetahi whakaaturanga anaphylactic, ka hiahia koe ki te whai i tetahi allergist, ki tō taote matua rānei. Ka taea e rātou te awhina ia koe ki te whakatau i ngā mea whakaoho, ki te whakawhanake i te mahere mahi, ki te whakahau rānei i ngā rongoā āwhina mō te tiaki i muri mai.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te anaphylaxis?

Ka taea e te tangata te whanake anaphylaxis, engari ko ētahi take ka nui ake te tūponotanga o ētahi tāngata ki te wheako i tēnei whakautu kino. Ko te mārama ki tō taumata morearea ka taea te awhina ia koe ki te whakarite me te mataara.

Kei a koe te tūponotanga nui ake o te anaphylaxis mehemea koe:

• He hītori o ngā whakautu pāwera nui
• He mate huango, ina koa ki te kore e whakahaeretia pai
• He atu mate pāwera penei i te eczema, te mate huango rānei
• He hītori whānau o ngā mate pāwera nui
• Kei te inu i ētahi rongoā penei i ngā ACE inhibitors, ngā beta-blockers rānei

Ka taea hoki e te tau te whakauru ki tō tauira morearea. Ko ngā mate kai e whakaoho ana i te anaphylaxis he tino noa i ngā tamariki me ngā tāngata kōhungahunga, i te wā e pā ana ngā whakautu rongoā me ngā ngau pepeke ki ngā tāngata pakeke.

Ko te whai i tetahi take morearea kaore e tikanga ka pāpono koe ki te anaphylaxis. He tokomaha ngā tāngata he mate pāwera kaore rawa he whakautu kino. Heoi, ko te mohiotanga ki tō morearea ka awhina ia koe me tō rōpū hauora ki te hanga i te mahere aukati me te whakautu pai rawa mō tō āhuatanga.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te anaphylaxis?

Ko te raruraru tino nui o te anaphylaxis ko te ohorere anaphylactic, kei hea te heke o tō toto ki raro i te taumata kaore e whiwhi toto me te hau ōu whekau. Ka taea tēnei i roto i ngā meneti, ā, ka mate pea mehemea kaore e āwhina wawe.

I te wā o te ohorere anaphylactic, me mahi nui ake tō ngākau ki te pupuri i te toto puta noa i tō tinana. Ka taea e ō ara hau te pupū kia uaua te manawa. Ka taea e ēnei huringa te arahi ki te ngaro o te ngākau, ā, i ngā take kino rawa, te mutu o te ngākau.

Ko ētahi tāngata ka pā atu ki ngā raruraru ahakoa te whakaora angitu. Ka taea e koe te whai i te whakautu biphasic, kei hea ngā tohu ka hoki mai i te 4 ki te 12 haora i muri i te whakaaturanga tuatahi, ahakoa i pai rawa koe. Koia te take i tirotirohia ai e ngā taote ngā turoro mō ngā haora maha i muri i te whakaora i te anaphylaxis.

Ko ngā raruraru roa he onge ina whakaorahia wawe te anaphylaxis. Heoi, ka taea e ngā whakaaturanga maha te arahi ki te manukanuka roa mō te whakamahinga ki ngā mea whakaoho, ka pā pea ki tō kounga o te ora me ngā mahi o ia rā.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te anaphylaxis?

Ko te tikanga ka whakatau ngā taote i te anaphylaxis i runga i ō tohu me te mea i puta i mua i te tīmatanga. Kaore he whakamātautau kotahi e taea te whakau i te anaphylaxis i te wā o te āwhina āwhina, no reira ka arotahi ngā rōpū hauora ki te kite i te tauira o ngā tohu.

Ka ui tō taote ki te mea i mahi koe, i kai, i whakamahinga rānei i ngā haora i mua i te tīmatanga o ngā tohu. Ka hiahia hoki rātou ki te mohio ki tō hītori hauora, ina koa ngā whakautu pāwera o mua, ngā āhuatanga penei i te mate huango rānei.

I muri i te mutu o te āwhina āwhina, ka taea e tō taote te tono i ngā whakamātautau toto hei ine i ngā taumata tryptase. Ko te Tryptase he matū e tukuna ana i te wā o ngā whakautu pāwera, ā, ko ngā taumata teitei ka taea te awhina i te whakau i te anaphylaxis. Heoi, ehara tenei whakamātautau i te tino whakawhirinaki, me mahi i roto i ngā haora torutoru i muri i te whakautu.

I muri mai, ka mahi pea koe me tetahi allergist hei whakatau i ngā mea whakaoho motuhake mā ngā whakamātautau kiri, ngā whakamātautau toto rānei. Ka awhina ēnei whakamātautau whai muri ki te hanga i tetahi whakaahua mārama o ngā mea me karo e koe i muri mai.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te anaphylaxis?

Ko te epinephrine te maimoatanga tuatahi me te tino nui mō te anaphylaxis. Ka mahi tere tēnei rongoā ki te whakahoki i ngā tohu kino mā te whakakī i ngā oko toto, te whakatuwhera i ngā ara hau, te whakaiti rānei i te pupū.

Ka hoatu e ngā rōpū āwhina āwhina ki a koe te epinephrine mā te werohanga, te nuinga i roto i te uaua o tō huha. Mehemea kei a koe tetahi epinephrine auto-injector (penei i te EpiPen), whakamahia tonu ina tīmata ngā tohu, katahi ka waea atu ki te 111 ahakoa ka pai ake koe.

Ko ētahi atu maimoatanga i roto i te ruma āwhina āwhina:

• Te hau hei awhina i ngā raruraru manawa
• Ngā wai IV hei tautoko i te toto
• Ngā antihistamines hei whakaiti i te ngau me ngā hives
• Ngā corticosteroids hei aukati i ngā whakautu whakaroa
• Ngā rongoā hei tautoko i te mahi o te ngākau mehemea e hiahiatia ana

I etahi wā ka hiahia ngā tāngata ki tetahi atu horoinga o te epinephrine mehemea kaore ngā tohu e pai ake, ka hoki mai rānei. Koia te take i tino nui ai te haere ki te hōhipera ahakoa te whakamahi i tō auto-injector, i te mea pea ka hiahia koe ki ētahi atu horoinga, ki ētahi atu tautoko rānei.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te anaphylaxis i te kāinga?

Ko te mea tino nui hei mahara ko te kore e taea te whakaora haumaru te anaphylaxis i te kāinga. Heoi, mehemea kua whakahaua atu ki a koe tetahi epinephrine auto-injector, ko te mohiotanga ki te whakamahi tika ka whakaora i tō oranga i mua i te taenga mai o te āwhina āwhina.

Kia mau tonu tō epinephrine auto-injector ki a koe i ngā wā katoa, kia mohio hoki kua kore e pau. Akohia te whakamahi tika, whakaako hoki ki ngā mema whānau, ki ngā hoa tata rānei me pēhea te awhina ia koe mehemea e hiahiatia ana. Whakamahia te taputapu whakangungu kia noa te mahi.

Hangaia he mahere mahi anaphylaxis me tō taote e whakamārama ana i ō mea whakaoho, ngā tohu hei titiro atu, me ngā tohutohu taahiraa mō te maimoatanga āwhina. Tuhia ngā kape ki ngā whānau, hoa, kaiako, kaimahi rānei e noho tahi ana me koe.

I muri i te whakamahinga o te epinephrine, takoto ki raro me ō waewae teitei mehemea e taea ana, ki te kore koe e uaua ki te manawa. Kia mārama, tatari hoki kia tae mai te āwhina āwhina āwhina. Kaua e ngana ki te tarai i a koe ki te hōhipera, ki te whakahaere rānei e tetahi atu.

Me pēhea te aukati i te anaphylaxis?

Ko te huarahi pai ki te aukati i te anaphylaxis ko te karo katoa i ō mea whakaoho e mohiotia ana. Ko te tikanga tenei te pānui tika i ngā tohu kai, te uiui mo ngā kai ina kai i waho, te tupato rānei mo ngā rongoā hou, ngā hua rānei.

Mehemea he mate kai koe, ako ki te mohio ki ngā huarahi whakakapi haumaru, kia mau tonu hoki ngā rongoā āwhina. Mō ngā mate ngau pepeke, kakahuria ngā hu i waho, karohia te kakahu i ngā tae mārama, ngā kakara kaha rānei, kia mārama hoki i te taha o ngā pepeke ngau.

Mahi tahi me tō taote hei hanga i tetahi mahere aukati whānui. Ka uru pea tenei ki te whakamātautau mate pāwera hei whakatau i ngā mea whakaoho motuhake, te immunotherapy mō ētahi mate pāwera penei i ngā ngau pepeke, ngā whakarerekētanga rānei ki ngā rongoā ka nui ake pea tō morearea.

Kia mohio katoa te hunga i roto i tō whatunga tautoko ki ō mate pāwera me te āhua o te awhina i tetahi āwhina āwhina. Kakahuria he mowhiti whakatūpato hauora, kia ngāwari hoki te whai i ngā korero whakapā āwhina i runga i tō waea.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui taote?

I mua i tō hui, tuhia katoa ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahara mo tō whakautu, tae atu ki te mea i kai koe, ngā rongoā i inu koe, me ngā mahi i mahi koe i ngā haora i mua i te tīmatanga o ngā tohu. Tūtohu i te wā tika i tīmata ai ngā tohu me te āhua o te piki haere.

Mau mai he rārangi o ō rongoā katoa, tae atu ki ngā rongoā kore-whakahaunga me ngā taapiri. Whakaritea hoki ngā korero mo te hītori o tō whānau o ngā mate pāwera, ngā āhuatanga autoimmune rānei, i te mea ka taea e ēnei te hono atu ki tō tiaki.

Whakaarohia ngā pātai e hiahia ana koe ki te ui ki tō taote, penei i ngā whakamātautau motuhake pea e hiahia ana koe, te huarahi ki te whiwhi i ngā rongoā āwhina, ngā whakarerekētanga noho rānei ka awhina pea. Kaua e mangere ki te uiui mo tetahi mea e awangawanga ana koe.

Mehemea e taea ana, mau mai he mema whānau, he hoa rānei i kite i tō whakautu. Ka taea e rātou te mahara ki ngā kōrero i ngaro i a koe, te whakarato rānei i tetahi tirohanga rerekē mo te mea i puta i te wā o te āwhina āwhina.

He aha te mea nui mō te anaphylaxis?

Ko te anaphylaxis he mate āwhina āwhina e hiahia ana ki te maimoatanga wawe me te epinephrine me te tiaki hauora ngaio. Ahakoa ka wehi, ka ora tonu te nuinga o ngā tāngata e whiwhi ana i te maimoatanga wawe kaore he pānga roa.

Ko te mea tino kaha ka taea e koe ko te ako ki te mohio ki ngā tohu me te whakarite tonu me ngā rongoā āwhina mehemea kei te morearea koe. He tokomaha ngā tāngata he mate pāwera nui e ora ana i ngā oranga katoa, ngā mahi kaha mā te tango i ngā whakaritenga tika me te mahi tata atu ki tō rōpū hauora.

Kia mahara ko te whai anaphylaxis kotahi kaore e tikanga ka whai ano koe, engari ko te tikanga me tango koe i ngā whakaritenga nui. Mā te whakahaere tika me te whakarite, ka taea e koe te whakawhirinaki ki te haere i te oranga o ia rā i te wā e noho haumaru ana.

Ngā pātai e ui pinepinetia ana mō te anaphylaxis

Ka taea te whanake anaphylaxis i te wa poto, ahakoa kaore ano koe i whai mate pāwera i mua?

Ae, ka taea te puta te anaphylaxis ahakoa i ngā tāngata kaore ano i whai whakautu pāwera o mua. Ka taea e tō pūnaha mate te whanake i ngā āhuatanga hou i tetahi wā o tō oranga, ā, i etahi wā ko te tohu tuatahi o te mate pāwera nui ko te whakautu anaphylactic. Koia te take i tino nui ai te mohiotanga o te katoa ki ngā tohu, ehara i ngā tāngata anake he mate pāwera e mohiotia ana.

E hia te roa o te anaphylaxis?

Ko te tikanga ka puta ngā tohu anaphylaxis i roto i ngā meneti i muri i te whakamahinga, ā, ka roa pea ngā haora maha ahakoa te maimoatanga. Ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata ka tīmata te pai ake i roto i ngā meneti 15-30 i muri i te whiwhi epinephrine, engari pea ka hiahia koe ki te noho i te hōhipera hei tirotiro mo te 4-8 haora. Ko ētahi tāngata ka wheako i tetahi atu raru o ngā tohu i muri i ngā haora, koia te take i tino nui ai te tirotiro hauora.

He haumaru te whakamahi i te EpiPen kua pau te wā i tetahi āwhina āwhina?

He pai ake te EpiPen kua pau te wā i te kore EpiPen i te wā o te whakautu mate pea. Ahakoa ka iti ake te whai hua o te rongoā i muri i tō rā paunga, ka taea tonu te whakarato i ētahi painga i te wā o te āwhina āwhina. Heoi, me ngana tonu koe ki te pupuri i tō epinephrine auto-injector hou, ki te whakakapi rānei i mua i te paunga.

Ka taea te tupu anaphylaxis, ngā mate pāwera nui rānei?

Ko ētahi tāngata, ina koa ngā tamariki, ka taea te tupu i ētahi mate kai i mua i te whakaoho i ngā whakautu kino. Heoi, ehara tēnei i te whakamana, ā, ka taea e ētahi mate te kino ake i te wā. Kaua rawa e whakaaro kua tupu koe i te mate pāwera nui me te kore e whakamātautau hauora tika me te aratohu mai i tetahi allergist.

Me pēhea te mahi mehemea kei te pā te anaphylaxis ki tetahi, engari kaore he EpiPen?

Waea atu ki te 111 inaianei, korero atu hoki he whakautu anaphylactic pea. Awhina i te tangata ki te takoto ki raro me ngā waewae teitei (ki te kore e uaua ki te manawa), wetekina ngā kakahu pī, noho tahi hoki me rātou kia tae mai te awhina. Kaua e hoatu ki a rātou tetahi mea hei kai, hei inu rānei, kia rite hoki ki te mahi CPR mehemea ka ngaro te ngākau, ka mutu te manawa.