He aha te Anemia? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ka puta te anemia ina kore e ranea ngā pūtau toto whero hauora o tō tinana hei kawe i te hāora puta noa i tō tinana. Whakaarohia ngā pūtau toto whero hei waka tuku iti e kawe ana i te hāora mai i ō manawa ki ia wāhanga o tō tinana, ā, ki te kore e ranea ngā waka, kāore rātou e mahi pai, kāore o kōpū e whiwhi i te hāora e hiahiatia ana e rātou hei mahi pai.

Ka pā tēnei āhuatanga ki te miriona o te iwi puta noa te ao, ā, ka rere ke te ngāka o te ngāka, mai i te ngāka māmā ki te ngāka kino. Ko te rongo pai, ko te nuinga o ngā momo anemia ka taea te whakaora i te wā ka kitea e koe me tō tākuta te take.

He aha ngā tohu o te anemia?

Ka tupu haeretia ngā tohu o te anemia, no reira pea kore koe e kite i a rātou i te tīmatanga. He tino pai tō tinana ki te whakarite ki ngā huringa, engari i te wā e haere ana te anemia, ka kitea ake ngā tohu.

Ko ēnei ngā tohu tino noa ka pā atu ki a koe:

• Te ngenge me te ngoikore e kore e pai ake me te okioki
• Te kiri ma, tino kitea i ō maihao, i ngā kamo o roto, i ngā kanohi rānei
• Te poto o te manawa i ngā mahi noa
• Te makariri o ngā ringa me ngā waewae
• Ngā maihao pakaru, ngā maihao kopiko rānei
• Ngā hiahia whakamiharo mō ngā mea kāore i te kai, pēnei i te huka, te paru, te paura kōmiha rānei
• Te ngākau tere, te ngākau kore rānei
• Ngā mamae o te upoko me te māuiui
• Te uaua ki te aro

I roto i ngā take kino ake, pea ka kite koe i te mamae o te uma, ina koa i te wā e mahi tinana ana. Ka pā atu ki ētahi te mate moe o te waewae, kāore rātou e moe pai rānei. Ka puta ēnei tohu nā te mea me mahi kaha ake tō ngākau ki te pupuhi i te toto iti-hāora puta noa i tō tinana.

He aha ngā momo anemia?

He maha ngā momo anemia rerekē, he take motuhake ōna. Ko te mārama ki te momo kei a koe ka āwhina i tō tākuta ki te whiriwhiri i te huarahi maimoatanga tino whai hua.

Ko ēnei ngā momo tino noa:

• Te anemia kore-ihe: Ko te momo tino noa, i puta mai i te kore o te rino i roto i tō tinana
• Te anemia kore-waikōtā: Ka puta mai i ngā taumata iti o te wikamini B12, te folate rānei
• Te anemia mate roa: Ka tupu tahi me ngā āhuatanga roa pēnei i te mate whatukuhu, te mate pukupuku rānei
• Te anemia aplastic: He āhuatanga onge ka mutu te hanga pūtau toto e tō wheua wheua
• Te anemia pūtau-whiti: He āhuatanga kua oti te whakawhiwhi ka kopikopiko ngā pūtau toto whero
• Te thalassemia: He mate ira e pā ana ki te hanga hemoglobin

Ko ngā momo iti ake te hemolytic anemia, ka whakangaromia ngā pūtau toto whero atu i te hanga, me te anemia pernicious, e pā ana ki te kaha o tō tinana ki te tango i te wikamini B12. Ka whakatau tō tākuta ki te momo kei a koe mā ngā whakamātautau toto me tō hītori hauora.

He aha ngā take o te anemia?

Ka tupu te anemia ina mutu te mahi noa o tō tinana ki te hanga i ngā pūtau toto whero hauora. Ka taea tēnei i ētahi huarahi matua e toru: kāore tō tinana e hanga i ngā pūtau toto whero, ka whakangaromia rātou tere rawa, ka ngaro rātou mā te toto rānei.

Tātou tirohia ngā take motuhake i muri i ia tūāhua:

Te kore hanga pūtau toto whero ka puta mai i:

• Te kore rino mai i te kai kino, te kore e taea te tango rino rānei
• Te kore wikamini B12, te folate rānei
• Ngā mate roa pēnei i te mate whatukuhu, te mate pukupuku, te mate rewiti rheumatoid rānei
• Ngā mate wheua wheua
• Ētahi rongoā, ngā maimoatanga rānei pēnei i te chemotherapy

Te ngaro o ngā pūtau toto whero mā te toto pea ka pā ki:

• Ngā wā toto nui
• Te toto o te puku mai i ngā mate, ngā polyps rānei
• Te tuku toto auau
• Ngā whara, ngā pokanga rānei
• Ētahi rongoā pēnei i te aspirin ka taea te puta toto o te puku

Ngā pūtau toto whero e whakangaromia ana tere rawa ka taea te puta mai i:

• Ngā āhuatanga kua oti te whakawhiwhi pēnei i te mate pūtau-whiti
• Ngā mate ā-tinana
• Ngā mate
• Ētahi rongoā
• Ngā tahuna kino, ngā whara tinana rānei

I etahi wa, ka puta te anemia mai i te whakakotahitanga o ēnei take. Ka mahi tahi tō tākuta me koe ki te kite i te take motuhake i roto i tō āhuatanga, he mea nui tēnei mō te whiriwhiri i te maimoatanga tika.

Nōhea te haere ki te tākuta mō te anemia?

Me haere koe ki tō tākuta ki te pā ana ki a koe te ngenge tonu e kore e pai ake me te okioki, ina koa ka whakakotahitia ki ētahi atu tohu pēnei i te kiri ma, te poto o te manawa rānei. He maha ngā tāngata e whakahawea ana ki ēnei tohu tīmatanga hei ahotea, hei mahi nui rānei, engari he mea tika kia tirotirohia.

Rapua te tiaki hauora i te wa tata atu ki te muri atu ki te kite koe i:

• Te ngenge nui e āwangawanga ana ki ngā mahi o ia rā
• Te mamae o te uma, te ngākau tere rānei
• Te poto o te manawa nui
• Te ngaro o te mohio, te māuiui rānei
• Ngā mamae o te upoko nui

Ki te whai koe i te hītori whānau o ngā anemia kua oti te whakawhiwhi, kei te nui ake te tūponotanga nā ngā ārai kai, te hapu, ngā āhuatanga roa rānei, kōrerohia te whakamātautau me tō tākuta. Ka taea e te kite wawe me te maimoatanga te aukati i ngā raruraru, ā, ka āwhina i a koe kia pai ake te āhua i te wa tere ake.

He aha ngā take tūponotanga mō te anemia?

Ka taea e ētahi take te whakanui ake i tō tūponotanga ki te whanake i te anemia, ahakoa te whai i ngā take tūponotanga kāore e tikanga ka whanake koe i te āhuatanga. Ka taea e te mārama ki ēnei te āwhina i a koe me tō tākuta ki te tūpato ki ngā tohu wawe.

Ko ēnei ngā take tūponotanga noa:

• Ko te wahine o te tau whānau tamariki: Ka whakanuia e ngā wā toto nui me te hapu ngā hiahia rino
• Te whai i ngā kai ārai: Pea ka kore he rino, he B12 rānei ngā kai kai tipu, ngā kai kai whaiwhakaaro kore rānei
• Te whai i ngā āhuatanga roa: Ka taea e te mate whatukuhu, te mate pukupuku, ngā mate ā-tinana rānei te pā ki te hanga pūtau toto
• Te pakeke neke atu i te 65: Pea ka whai ngā kaumātua i ngā koretake kai, ngā āhuatanga hauora rānei
• Te hītori whānau: Ko ētahi momo anemia, pēnei i te mate pūtau-whiti, kua oti te whakawhiwhi
• Te tuku toto auau: Pea ka whakaitihia e ngā kai tohatoha auau ngā putunga rino
• Ngā mate puku: Ka taea e ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mate celiac te pā ki te tango kai

He nui ake ngā tūponotanga o ngā pēpi me ngā tamariki, ina koa rātou i whānau wawe, inu miraka kau rānei i mua i te tau kotahi. Pea ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te iwi e inu ana i ētahi rongoā, pēnei i ngā kai whakaheke toto, ētahi rongoā rānei.

Ko te whai i ngā take tūponotanga he tikanga noa me tūpato koe ki ngā tohu, me kōrero ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mō te whakamātautau. Ka taea te whakahaere i te nuinga o ngā take tūponotanga mā ngā huringa oranga, te maimoatanga hauora rānei.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te anemia?

Ina kore e whakaorahia te anemia, ka taea te arahi ki ngā raruraru kino i te wā e tautohetohe ana tō tinana ki te whiwhi i te hāora ki ngā kōpū nui. Ko te rongo pai, ko te nuinga o ngā raruraru ka taea te aukati mā te maimoatanga tika me te tirotiro.

Ko ēnei ngā raruraru matua hei matapaki:

• Ngā raruraru ngākau: Ka mahi kaha ake tō ngākau ki te pupuhi i te toto iti-hāora, pea ka arahi ki te ngākau kore ranei ki te mate ngākau
• Ngā raruraru hapu: Ka taea e te anemia kino i te wā hapu te puta mai i te whānau wawe, te iti o te taumaha o ngā pēpi rānei
• Te whakaroa o te tipu i ngā tamariki: Pea ka whanake haeretia ngā tamariki me te anemia roa
• Te nui ake o te tūponotanga mate: Ka whakaitihia e ētahi momo anemia tō pūnaha mate
• Ngā raruraru hinengaro: Ka taea e te anemia kino te pā ki te aro, te mahara, me te whakatau

Ko ngā raruraru onge engari kino ko te ngenge nui e ngoikore ana, ngā wā ngaro o te mohio ka taea te arahi ki ngā whara, ā, i roto i ngā take nui, te kino o ngā kōpū mai i te kore hāora roa. Ko te iwi me te mate pūtau-whiti he nui ake ngā tūponotanga pēnei i ngā mate mamae me te kino o ngā kōpū.

Ko te mea nui hei mahara, ko ēnei raruraru ka tupu noa i te wā e kino ana te anemia, kāore rānei i te whakaorahia mō ngā wā roa. Mā te tiaki hauora tika, ka taea e te nuinga o te iwi me te anemia te aukati i ēnei raruraru katoa.

Me pēhea te aukati i te anemia?

Ahakoa kāore koe e taea te aukati i ngā momo anemia katoa, ina koa rātou i puta mai i ngā take ira, ngā mate roa rānei, ka taea e koe te whakaiti nui i tō tūponotanga o ngā momo tino noa mā ngā whiringa oranga me te matapaki.

Koinei te huarahi ka tiaki koe i a koe:

Aro atu ki ngā kai whai rino:

• Te mīti whero, te manu, me te ika
• Ngā pīni, ngā lenti, me te tofu
• Ngā rau matomato pouri pēnei i te pīni
• Ngā witi me ngā paraoa whai rino
• Ngā nati me ngā hua maroke

Whakanuia tō kai wikamini:

• Whakauruhia ngā kai whai wikamini C hei āwhina i te tango rino
• Kai ngā kai whai folate pēnei i ngā hua citrus me ngā rau matomato
• Whakaarohia ngā puna B12 ki te whai koe i te kai kai tipu

Ki te nui ake tō tūponotanga nā te hapu, ngā wā toto nui, ngā ārai kai rānei, kōrerohia me tō tākuta mō ngā taapiri. Me tango e ngā wāhine o te tau whānau tamariki ngā taapiri waikawa folic, pea ka hiahia ngā kai tipu ki ngā taapiri B12.

Ka taea e ngā tirotiro auau te hopu i te anemia wawe, ina koa ki te whai koe i ngā take tūponotanga. He mea nui hoki te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga roa ka taea te arahi ki te anemia mō te aukati.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te anemia?

Ka tīmata te whakatau i te anemia mā te kōrero mō ō tohu me tō hītori hauora, ka whai ake ngā whakamātautau toto e hoatu ana ki tō tākuta he whakaahua marama o te mea e puta ana ki ō pūtau toto whero.

Ko te whakamātautau matua ko te tauākī toto katoa (CBC), e ine ana i ētahi take nui:

• Te tauākī pūtau toto whero
• Ngā taumata hemoglobin (te pūmua e kawe ana i te hāora)
• Te hematocrit (te ōrau o te toto i hangaia e ngā pūtau toto whero)
• Te rāhi me te āhua o te pūtau toto whero

I runga i ēnei hua, pea ka tono atu tō tākuta i ētahi atu whakamātautau hei whakatau i te momo me te take o tō anemia. Pea ka whakauruhia ēnei ki ngā rangahau rino hei tirotiro i ō putunga rino, ngā taumata wikamini B12 me te folate, ngā whakamātautau motuhake rānei ki te whakapaehia he āhuatanga kua oti te whakawhiwhi.

I ētahi wā, pea ka tūtohu tō tākuta i te biopsy wheua wheua ki te whakapaehia he raruraru ki te hanga pūtau toto. Ka rangona tēnei he mea whakawehi atu i te tikanga, ā, ka hoatu he mōhio nui mō te mea e puta ana i roto i tō wheua wheua.

Ko te tukanga whakatau i te tikanga he mea ngāwari, ā, ko te nuinga o ngā whakautu mai i ngā whakamātautau toto ngāwari ka taea te mahi i te wā e haere ana ki te tari.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te anemia?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te anemia e whakawhirinaki ana ki te momo kei a koe me te take e puta mai ana. Ko te whāinga tonu ko te whakanui ake i tō tauākī pūtau toto whero me te whakatika i te raruraru, kia pai ake ai tō āhua, kia aukatihia ai ngā raruraru.

Ko ēnei ngā huarahi maimoatanga matua:

Mō te anemia kore-ihe:

• Ngā taapiri rino (e inuhia ana i ngā marama maha)
• Ngā huringa kai hei whakauru atu i ngā kai whai rino
• Te whakaora i ngā puna toto ngaro
• I roto i ngā take kino, ngā whakauru rino mā te IV

Mō te anemia kore-waikōtā:

• Ngā taapiri B12, folate rānei
• Ngā whakaurunga B12 ki te mea ko te tango te raruraru
• Ngā whakarerekētanga kai

Mō te anemia mate roa:

• Te whakaora i te āhuatanga
• I ētahi wā ngā rongoā hei whakaohooho i te hanga pūtau toto whero
• Ngā whakawhitinga toto i roto i ngā take kino

Mō ngā anemia kua oti te whakawhiwhi pēnei i te mate pūtau-whiti, ka aro te maimoatanga ki te whakahaere i ngā tohu me te aukati i ngā raruraru. Pea ka whakauruhia tēnei ki te whakahaere mamae, ngā whakawhitinga toto, ngā maimoatanga hou rānei pēnei i te hydroxyurea.

Ka tirotirohia e tō tākuta tō ahunga whakamua mā ngā whakamātautau toto auau, ka whakaritea te maimoatanga kia rite ki te hiahia. Ko te nuinga o te iwi ka tīmata te pai ake o te āhua i roto i ngā wiki torutoru i te tīmatanga o te maimoatanga, ahakoa pea ka roa ngā marama maha hei whakakī katoa i ngā putunga o tō tinana.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te anemia i te kāinga?

Ahakoa he mea nui te maimoatanga hauora, he maha ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi i te kāinga hei tautoko i tō whakaora me te āwhina i te whakahaere i ngā tohu. Ka pai ake te mahi o ēnei kaupae tahi me, kāore i te wāhi o, te mahere maimoatanga a tō tākuta.

Aro atu ki te kai i ngā kai e tautoko ana i te hanga pūtau toto hauora:

• Whakakotahitia ngā kai whai rino me ngā puna wikamini C pēnei i ngā hua citrus, ngā pepa pere rānei
• Tunua i roto i ngā pāni rino hei tāpiri i ngā iti o te rino ki tō kai
• Kaua e inu tii, kōpi rānei me ngā kai whai rino, nā te mea ka taea te whakaroa i te tango
• Whakauruhia te nui o ngā rau matomato, e hoatu ana te folate

Whakahaerehia ō taumata kaha mā te whakarite i a koe puta noa i te rā. Tangohia ngā okioki i te wā e hiahia ana koe, kaua hoki e pehi i te ngenge nui. Ka taea e te whakakori māmā pēnei i te hikoi te whakanui ake i ngā taumata kaha i te wā roa, engari whakarongo ki tō tinana, tīmata haeretia.

Noho makuku, whiwhi moe tika, nā te mea e tautoko ana ngā mea e rua i te tukanga whakaora o tō tinana. Ki te inu koe i ngā taapiri rino, tangohia i te puku kau, engari me te kai ki te raru tō puku.

Tūpatohia ō tohu me ō taumata kaha hei whakamōhio ki tō tākuta i ngā haerenga whai muri. Ka āwhina tēnei ki a rātou ki te mārama ki te pai o te mahi a tō maimoatanga.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui tākuta?

Ko te whakarite mō tō hui ka āwhina i te whakarite ka whiwhi koe i te whakatau tino tika me te mahere maimoatanga whai hua. Ka taea e te whakarite iti te whakanui ake i te kounga o te tiaki ka whiwhi koe.

I mua i tō haerenga, tuhia:

• Ō tohu katoa, tae atu ki te wā i tīmata ai rātou me te nui o te kino
• Tō hītori hauora katoa, tae atu ki ngā āhuatanga roa
• Ngā rongoā me ngā taapiri e inu ana koe
• Te hītori whānau o te anemia, ngā mate toto rānei
• Ngā huringa kai, ngā ārai rānei hou
• Te toto hou, tae atu ki ngā wā toto nui, te tuku toto rānei

Whakaritea ngā pātai e hiahia ana koe ki te ui, pēnei i te momo anemia pea kei a koe, ngā whiringa maimoatanga kei te wātea, me te roa o te whakaora. Kaua e whakaroa ki te ui mō tetahi mea e awangawanga ana koe.

Ki te taea, kawea mai tētahi hoa, whānau rānei hei tautoko me te āwhina ki te mahara ki ngā mōhiohio nui. Whakaarohia te pupuri i te puka tohu mō te wiki i mua i tō hui hei hoatu i te whakaahua marama ki tō tākuta mō te mea e pā ana ki a koe.

Kia mahara kei te hiahia tō tākuta ki te āwhina i a koe kia pai ake tō āhua, na kia pono ki ō tohu katoa, ahakoa kaore rātou e rite, whakama rānei.

He aha te mea nui mō te anemia?

He āhuatanga noa, he āhuatanga tino taea te whakaora i te nuinga o te wā te anemia e pā ana ki te miriona o te iwi puta noa te ao. Ko te mea nui hei mahara, ko te ngenge tonu me te ngoikore kāore he mea me whakaae koe he mea noa.

Ko te nuinga o ngā momo anemia ka whakautu pai ki te maimoatanga i te wā ka kitea te take. Ahakoa he ngāwari pēnei i te tango i ngā taapiri rino, te whakahaere rānei i te āhuatanga roa, he huarahi whai hua kei reira hei āwhina i a koe kia pai ake tō āhua, kia aukatihia ai ngā raruraru.

Ko te kite wawe me te maimoatanga te mea nui. Ki te pā ana ki a koe ngā tohu pēnei i te ngenge tonu, te kiri ma, te poto o te manawa rānei, kaua e tatari ki te kite i tō tākuta. Ka taea e te whakamātautau toto ngāwari te hoatu i ngā whakautu, ka tīmata koe ki te ara ki te āhua rite ki a koe ano.

Ngā pātai auau mō te anemia

Ka taea te whakaora katoa te anemia?

Ae, ka taea te whakaora katoa i te nuinga o ngā momo anemia, ina koa rātou i puta mai i ngā koretake kai, te ngaro toto rānei. Ko te anemia kore-ihe ka oti te whakaora i te nuinga o te wā mā te maimoatanga tika. Heoi, pea ka hiahia te anemia i puta mai i ngā mate roa, ngā āhuatanga ira rānei ki te whakahaere tonu, kāore i te whakaora katoa. Ko te rongo pai, ko ēnei momo pea ka taea te whakahaere pai mā te tiaki hauora tika.

E hia te roa o te whakaora mai i te anemia?

Ka rerekē te wā whakaora i runga i te momo me te kino o tō anemia. Mā te anemia kore-ihe, pea ka tīmata koe te pai ake o te āhua i roto i ngā wiki torutoru i te tīmatanga o te maimoatanga, engari ko te tikanga ka roa te 3-6 marama hei whakakī katoa i ō putunga rino. Ko te anemia kore-waikōtā ka pai ake te tere, i ētahi wā i roto i ngā rā ki ngā wiki. Ka tirotirohia e tō tākuta tō ahunga whakamua mā ngā whakamātautau toto hei aroturuki i tō whakaora.

He mea kino te anemia i te wā hapu?

He mea noa te anemia māmā i te wā hapu, kāore hoki i te mea kino i te wā e whakahaerehia tika ana. Heoi, ka taea e te anemia kino te whakanui ake i ngā tūponotanga mō te whaea me te pēpi, tae atu ki te whānau wawe, te iti o te taumaha o te whānau, me ngā raruraru i te wā whānau. Ka hiahia ngā wāhine hapu ki te nui ake o te rino me te folate, na te tango i ngā wikamini whānau me te whai i ngā tūtohu a tō tākuta he mea nui. Ka whakarite te tirotiro auau kia hopukina, kia whakaorahia wawe ngā take.

Ka taea te whakakori ki te whai koe i te anemia?

Ko te whakakori māmā ki te reo noa he mea tika, ka taea te whai hua mō te iwi me te anemia, engari me whakarongo koe ki tō tinana, kaua hoki e nui rawa te mahi. Tīmatahia mā ngā mahi māmā pēnei i te hikoi, whakanuia haeretia te kaha i te wā e pai ake ana tō āhuatanga. Kaua e whakakori nui rawa kia pai ake te whakahaere i tō anemia, nā te mea ka taea te kino ake ngā tohu pēnei i te poto o te manawa me te ngenge. Tirohia tonu me tō tākuta i mua i te tīmatanga o tetahi kaupapa whakakori hou.

Ka pā te anemia ki tō pūnaha mate?

Ka taea e ētahi momo anemia te whakaiti i tō pūnaha mate, ka nui ake ai tō tūponotanga ki ngā mate. He pono tēnei ina koa mō te anemia i puta mai i ngā mate roa, ngā āhuatanga kua oti te whakawhiwhi rānei. Ka taea hoki e te kore rino te pā ki te mahi ā-mate, nā te mea he mahi te rino i te whanaketanga pūtau ā-mate. Heoi, ko te whakaora i tō anemia ka āwhina i te whakahoki mai i te mahi ā-mate noa. Ki te kite koe e mate ana koe i te nuinga o te wā, kōrerohia tēnei ki tō tākuta.