He aha te mate toto kore-whakaheke? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te mate toto kore-whakaheke he mate toto onge e mutu ai te hanga i nga pūtau toto hou e to iwi wheua. Whakaarohia tō iwi wheua hei wheketere e whakaputa ana i ngā pūtau toto whero, ngā pūtau toto ma, me ngā pūtau toto iti. Ki te mate toto kore-whakaheke koe, ka whakaheke tenei wheketere, ka tata rānei ki te mutu te mahi.

Ka pa tenei ahuatanga ki te tangata o ngā tau katoa, ahakoa he maha atu te hunga taitamariki me ngā pakeke neke atu i te 60 tau te pakeke. Ahakoa ka kitea te whakatau he mea nui, he maha ngā tāngata e whai hua ana ki te maimoatanga, ka ora tonu.

He aha ngā tohu o te mate toto kore-whakaheke?

Ka puta ngā tohu o te mate toto kore-whakaheke nā te kore o tō tinana i ngā pūtau toto hauora hei mahi tika. Ka kite pea koe i ēnei huringa i te iti, i te tere rānei i runga i te tere o te hekenga o ō pūtau toto.

Nō te mea e hiahia ana tō tinana ki ngā momo pūtau toto mō ngā mahi rerekē, ka wehewehea ngā tohu ki ngā rōpū e toru. Ko ēnei ngā mea ka pā atu ki a koe:

• Te ngenge me te ngoikore - te ngenge nui ahakoa i muri i te okioki, te poto o te manawa i ngā mahi noa
• Te maha o ngā mate - te mate nui atu i te noa, ngā mate e roa ana te ora
• Te mārōngaro me te toto nui - ngā pupuhi ka puta mai kahore he take, ngā toto ihu, ngā toto niho, te maha o te toto i ngā wā
• Te kiri ma - tino kitea i tō mata, ngā pito maihao, ngā kamo o roto
• Te tere o te ngākau - te mahi nui atu o tō ngākau ki te pupuhi i te toto kore-o-te-hākari
• Te māuiui, te ngenge rānei - ina tū tere

I ngā take kino, ka kite pea koe i te toto nui atu, pēnei i ngā tohu whero iti i raro i tō kiri, te roa rānei o te toto mai i ngā kotinga iti. Ka puta ēnei tohu nā te hekenga nui o ō pūtau toto iti.

Ka kite pea etahi i te makariri atu, te mamae o te mahunga rānei. Kia mahara, ka puta mā te iti ēnei tohu i roto i ngā wiki, ngā marama rānei, no reira pea kaore koe e mohio kei te he tetahi mea i te tīmatanga.

He aha ngā momo o te mate toto kore-whakaheke?

Ka wehewehea e ngā tākuta te mate toto kore-whakaheke i runga i te kino me te take. Ko te mārama ki tō momo motuhake ka āwhina i tō rōpū hauora ki te whiriwhiri i te huarahi maimoatanga pai mōu.

Ko te huarahi matua e wehewehea ai e ngā tākuta te mate toto kore-whakaheke ko te kino:

• Te mate toto kore-whakaheke o te reo - he iti ngā pūtau toto, engari kāore i te taumata kino
• Te mate toto kore-whakaheke kino - he iti rawa ngā pūtau toto, ka whakatū te kino
• Te mate toto kore-whakaheke tino kino - he iti rawa ngā pūtau toto, me te maimoatanga tonu

Ka wehewehea hoki e ngā tākuta te mate toto kore-whakaheke i runga i tōna take. Ka puta te mate toto kore-whakaheke i muri mai i te ora nā ngā take o waho, ko te mate toto kore-whakaheke i whakawhiwhia mai i ngā ahuatanga ira e whānau ana koe.

He onge rawa ngā momo i whakawhiwhia mai, ka puta tahi rānei me ētahi atu raruraru hauora. Ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata e mate toto kore-whakaheke ana he momo i whiwhihia, e whai hua ana ki te maimoatanga.

He aha ngā take o te mate toto kore-whakaheke?

I te nuinga o ngā wā, ka puta te mate toto kore-whakaheke ina whakaeke tō pūnaha mate ki tō iwi wheua ake. Koinei te whakautu mate-a-tinana, kāore hoki ngā tākuta i te tino mohio he aha te take.

Heoi, he maha ngā take ka piki ai tō tūponotanga, te take rānei o te mate toto kore-whakaheke. Tirohia ngā take noa:

• Ngā rongoā - etahi rongoā mate huaketo, rongoā ārai-whakapairuaki, me etahi rongoā mate khớp
• Ngā mate huaketo - hepatitis, mate huaketo Epstein-Barr, mate huaketo cytomegalovirus, me te COVID-19
• Te whakamahinga o ngā matū - benzene, ngā whakamate pepeke, me etahi whakarewa umanga
• Ngā maimoatanga mate pukupuku - chemotherapy me te rongoā radiation
• Ngā mate mate-a-tinana - ngā ahuatanga e whakaeke ana tō pūnaha mate ki ngā kiko hauora

I ngā take onge, ka taea te whakawhiwhi i te mate toto kore-whakaheke mā ngā ahuatanga ira pēnei i te mate Fanconi, te dyskeratosis congenita rānei. Ka puta ngā momo i whakawhiwhia mai i te tamarikitanga, ka puta tahi rānei me ētahi atu raruraru hauora.

Mō te haurua o ngā tāngata katoa e mate toto kore-whakaheke ana, kāore ngā tākuta e kite i te take motuhake. Koinei te mate toto kore-whakaheke idiopathic, ahakoa kaore te mohio ki te take e āwangawanga ana, ka whai hua ēnei take ki te maimoatanga.

Nō hea te haere ki te tākuta mō te mate toto kore-whakaheke?

Me whakapiri atu koe ki tō tākuta ki te kite koe i te ngenge e kore e pai ake me te okioki, ina koa ki te whai koe i ētahi atu tohu whakawehi. Whakawhirinaki ki ō pūāhua ki te rerekē tetahi mea mō tō hauora.

Rapua te tiaki hauora i te wa poto ki te pā atu ēnei tohu whakatūpato ki a koe:

• Te mārōngaro - ngā pupuhi ka puta mai kahore he whara, te roa atu rānei i te noa te ora
• Ngā mate maha - te mate nui atu i te noa, ngā mate e roa atu ana i te noa
• Te ngenge tonu - te ngenge nui ahakoa i muri i te moe me te okioki
• Te toto kahore he take - ngā toto ihu, ngā toto niho, te maha o te toto i ngā wā
• Te poto o te manawa - i ngā mahi e kore e ngenge i a koe

He maha ngā take e hiahia ana ki te tiaki mate tere. Karangatia te 111, haere rānei ki te rūma mate tere ki te maha atu te toto, ngā tohu o te mate kino pēnei i te wera nui, te māuiui, te ngenge rānei ki te taumata ka taka pea koe.

Ka taea e te whakatau me te maimoatanga wawe te whakarereke i tō hua. Kaua e whakaroa ki te tautoko i a koe ki te kore koe e pai ki tō hauora.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te mate toto kore-whakaheke?

He maha ngā take ka piki ai tō tūponotanga ki te whiwhi i te mate toto kore-whakaheke, ahakoa te whai i ēnei take morearea kāore e tikanga ka whiwhi koe i te mate. Ka taea e te mārama ki a rātou te āwhina i a koe me tō tākuta ki te tiaki i ngā tohu wawe.

He mea nui te tau ki tō taumata morearea. E rua ngā wā nui o te mate:

• Ngā tāngata taitamariki - ngā tāngata i roto i ō rātou tekau tau me ngā rua tekau tau
• Ngā tāngata pakeke - ngā tāngata neke atu i te 60 tau te pakeke
• Te wāhi noho - he maha atu i Āhia ki te Rāwhiti, ina koa i Hapani me Tai
• Te ira tangata - he maha atu i ngā tāne i ngā wāhine
• Te hītori whānau - te whai whānau e mate toto kore-whakaheke ana, ngā mate toto e rite ana rānei

Ka piki ake hoki tō morearea e etahi whakamahinga me ngā maimoatanga hauora. Ki te mahi koe me ngā matū, ki te whiwhi koe i te maimoatanga mate pukupuku, ki te tango rongoā e mohiotia ana e pā ana ki te iwi wheua, ka hiahia tō tākuta ki te tirotiro i ō pūtau toto.

Ka taea e ngā mate huaketo o mua, ina koa te hepatitis, te whakaoho i te mate toto kore-whakaheke i muri i ngā wiki, ngā marama rānei. Koinei te take ka ui pea tō tākuta ki ngā mate o mua ina arotake ana i ō tohu.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te mate toto kore-whakaheke?

Ka taea e te mate toto kore-whakaheke te arahi ki ngā raruraru kino nā te kore o tō tinana i ngā pūtau toto e hiahiatia ana mō te mahi tika. Ko te rongo pai, mā te maimoatanga me te tirotiro tika, ka taea te aukati, te whakahaere rānei i ēnei raruraru.

Ko ngā āwangawanga tuatahi ko te iti o ngā momo pūtau toto. Ko ēnei ngā raruraru pea ka puta:

• Ngā mate kino - ka whawhai ō pūtau toto ma ki te mate, no reira ka ngoikore koe ki te iti o ngā pūtau
• Te toto kahore e taea te whakahaere - ka taea e te iti o ngā pūtau toto iti te whakaoho i te toto kino o roto, o waho rānei
• Ngā raruraru ngākau - ka mahi nui atu tō ngākau ina mate toto koe, ka arahi pea ki ngā raruraru o te ngākau
• Te nui o te rino - mai i ngā whakawhitinga toto maha, ka taea te whakarahi i ngā kiko i te roa

I ngā take onge, ka whanake pea etahi atu mate toto i muri mai. Kei roto i ēnei te myelodysplastic syndrome, te leukemia rānei, ahakoa ka puta tenei i te iti o ngā turoro.

Ka taea hoki e te maimoatanga roa me ngā rongoā whakaheke-mate te piki ake i tō morearea ki ngā mate, me ngā mate pukupuku onge. Heoi, ka tirotiro tata atu tō rōpū hauora i a koe, ka whakarite rānei i ngā maimoatanga kia iti ai ēnei morearea.

Kaua hoki e wareware ki te pānga hinengaro. Ka pā te noho me te mate toto roa ki tō hauora hinengaro, no reira kaua e whakaroa ki te rapu tautoko ina hiahia koe.

Me pēhea te aukati i te mate toto kore-whakaheke?

Nō te mea ko te nuinga o ngā take o te mate toto kore-whakaheke ka puta mai nā ngā take kaore i te mohiotia, kāore he huarahi tino pai hei aukati. Heoi, ka taea e koe te mahi hei whakaiti i tō whakamahinga ki ngā take morearea e mohiotia ana.

Ko ēnei ngā huarahi whai hua hei whakaiti i tō morearea:

• Aukati i te whakamahinga o ngā matū kahore he take - whakamahia ngā taputapu tiaki ina mahi ana koe me ngā whakarewa, ngā whakamate pepeke, ngā matū umanga rānei
• Tangohia ngā rongoā penei i te whakahau - kaua rawa e mutu, te whakarerekē rānei i ngā rongoā kahore he kōrero ki tō tākuta
• Whakamahia te horoi pai - horoia ngā ringa maha hei aukati i ngā mate huaketo
• Kia hou ngā whakakakahu - ka āwhina tenei ki te aukati i ētahi mate huaketo e hono ana ki te mate toto kore-whakaheke
• Kōrerohia te hītori whānau - kōrero atu ki tō tākuta ki te whai whānau koe e mate toto ana, mate mate-a-tinana rānei

Ki te hiahia koe ki te maimoatanga mate pukupuku, mahi tata atu ki tō rōpū mate pukupuku hei tirotiro i ō pūtau toto. Ka taea e rātou te whakarite i ngā mahere maimoatanga ki te hiahiatia hei whakaiti i te morearea o te mate toto kore-whakaheke.

Mō ngā tāngata e mate toto kore-whakaheke ana i whakawhiwhia mai, ka taea e te tohutohu ira te āwhina i a koe ki te mārama ki ngā morearea mō ō tamariki, me te whakatau i ngā whakatau whānau.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te mate toto kore-whakaheke?

Ko te whakatau i te mate toto kore-whakaheke e hiahia ana ki ngā whakamātautau maha nā te mea ka rite ngā tohu ki ētahi atu mate toto. Ka tīmata tō tākuta me tō hītori hauora me te whakamātautau tinana, ka tono rānei i ngā whakamātautau motuhake hei whakau i te whakatau.

Ko te tukanga whakatau e whai ana i ēnei kaupae:

1. Te tauākī toto katoa (CBC) - te ine i ngā momo pūtau toto katoa i roto i tō tauira
2. Te paru toto - te tirotiro i ō pūtau toto i raro i te microscope
3. Te tauākī reticulocyte - te tirotiro i te maha o ngā pūtau toto whero taitamariki e hanga ana tō iwi wheua
4. Te tātaritanga iwi wheua - te tango i te tauira iti o te iwi wheua hei tirotiro tika

Ko te tātaritanga iwi wheua te whakamātautau matua mō te whakau i te mate toto kore-whakaheke. I tenei tukanga, ka whakamakuku tō tākuta tetahi wāhi o tō wheua huha, ka tango i te tauira iti o te iwi wheua mā te ngira motuhake.

Ka taea e ngā whakamātautau atu te tirotiro i ngā mate huaketo, te ine i ngā taumata o te hua B12 me te folate, me te whakamātautau ira i etahi wā. Ka āwhina ēnei ki te whakakore i ētahi atu ahuatanga e taea te whakaoho i ngā tohu rite.

Ka taea hoki e tō tākuta te whakamātautau mō te paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), he ahuatanga e hono ana e puta ana i etahi wā me te mate toto kore-whakaheke. Ko te tukanga whakatau katoa e toru ki te wiki te roa.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te mate toto kore-whakaheke?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te mate toto kore-whakaheke e whakawhirinaki ana ki te kino o tō ahuatanga me tō hauora katoa. Ko ngā whāinga matua ko te piki ake i ō pūtau toto, te whakahaere i ngā tohu, me te aukati i ngā raruraru i te ora o tō iwi wheua.

Ka whai pea tō mahere maimoatanga i tētahi, maha rānei o ēnei huarahi:

• Te maimoatanga whakaheke-mate - ngā rongoā e whakahaere ana i te whakaeke o tō pūnaha mate ki te iwi wheua
• Te whakawhitinga iwi wheua - te whakakapi i tō iwi wheua kino ki ngā pūtau kaiwhakawhiwhi hauora
• Te tiaki tautoko - ngā whakawhitinga toto me ngā rongoā hei aukati i ngā mate
• Ngā take tipu - ngā rongoā e whakaoho ana i tō iwi wheua ki te hanga i ngā pūtau toto

Mō ngā turoro taitamariki e mate toto kore-whakaheke kino ana e whai kaiwhakawhiwhi rite ana, ko te whakawhitinga iwi wheua te tino tūponotanga mō te whakaora. Ko te tukanga e whai ana i ngā pūtau pakiaka hauora mai i te kaiwhakawhiwhi, he whānau pea.

Ki te kore koe e whai tika ki te whakawhitinga, ka taea e te maimoatanga whakaheke-mate te whakamahi i ngā rongoā pēnei i te antithymocyte globulin (ATG) me te cyclosporine te āwhina i tō iwi wheua ki te tīmata anō te mahi. Ka mahi tēnei maimoatanga i te 60-70% o ngā tāngata.

He mea nui te tiaki tautoko ahakoa te maimoatanga matua e whiwhi ana koe. Kei roto i ēnei ngā whakawhitinga toto ina iti rawa ō pūtau, me ngā rongoā mate huaketo hei aukati, te maimoatanga rānei i ngā mate.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te mate toto kore-whakaheke i te kāinga?

Ko te whakahaere i te mate toto kore-whakaheke i te kāinga e arotahi ana ki te tiaki i a koe i ngā mate me ngā whara i te tautoko i tō hauora katoa. Ka taea e ngā whiringa iti o ia rā te whakarereke i tō āhua me tō morearea o ngā raruraru.

Ko ēnei ngā kaupae nui ka taea e koe te mahi i te kāinga:

• Aukati i ngā mate - horoia ngā ringa maha, kaua e haere ki ngā huihuinga i te wā mate huaketo, kaua hoki e noho tata ki ngā tāngata e mate ana
• Aukati i ngā whara - whakamahia ngā ngutu niho ngawari, kakahuhia ngā taputapu tiaki i ngā mahi, kaua hoki e takaro i ngā takaro whakapā
• Kai kai tōtika - arotahi ki ngā kai e nui ana te rino, te hua B12, te folate hei tautoko i te hanga pūtau toto
• Whiwhi okioki tika - whakarongo ki tō tinana, okioki ina ngenge koe
• Tirohia ō tohu - pupuri i ngā huringa katoa, kōrero atu ki tō tākuta

Tātai atu ki ngā tohu o te mate pēnei i te wera, te makariri, te ngenge rānei. Ahakoa te wera iti ka kino ina iti ō pūtau toto ma, no reira whakapiri atu ki tō tākuta i te wa poto.

Kia ngawari ki ngā mahi ka taea te whakaoho i te toto. Whakamahia te reira hiko hei utu mō te rakau, kaua e whakamahi i te floss ki te mārōngaro ō niho, kia tupato atu hoki ina whakamahi ana koe i ngā mea koi.

Noho hono atu ki tō rōpū hauora, kaua hoki e whakaroa ki te karanga ki ngā pātai, ngā āwangawanga rānei. Kei reira rātou hei āwhina i a koe ki te whakahaere i tēnei mate.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui tākuta?

Ko te whakarite mō ō haerenga ki te tākuta e āwhina ana ki te whakarite ka whiwhi koe i te hua nui o tō wā tahi, kaua hoki e wareware i ngā pātai, ngā mōhiohio nui rānei. Ka taea e te whakarite iti te whakarite i ēnei huihuinga kia nui ake te hua.

I mua i tō hui, kohia ēnei mōhiohio nui:

• Te pukapuka tohu - tuhia te wā i tīmata ai ngā tohu, te kino o rātou, me te aha e pai ake ai, te kino rānei
• Te rārangi rongoā - whakauruhia ngā rongoā rongoā katoa, ngā rongoā ka taea te hoko, me ngā taapiri
• Te hītori whānau - tuhia ngā whānau e mate toto ana, mate mate-a-tinana rānei
• Ngā whakamahinga o mua - whakaarohia ngā matū, ngā rongoā, ngā mate rānei i ngā marama torutoru kua pahure
• Ngā pātai hei ui - tuhia kia kaua e wareware i te wā o te hui

Whakaarohia te kawe mai i tētahi mema whānau, hoa rānei hei āwhina i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā mōhiohio nui, ki te whakarato tautoko hinengaro rānei. Ka taea hoki e rātou te tautoko i a koe ki te ngenge koe.

Whakaritea ngā pātai mō ō whiringa maimoatanga, te aha e tatari ana i te whakaora, me te whakahaere i ngā mahi o ia rā. Uihia ngā tohu whakatūpato e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora tere.

Kaua e wehi ki te kōrero ki te kore tetahi mea e mārama ana, ki te hiahia koe i ngā mōhiohio atu rānei. E hiahia ana tō rōpū hauora ki te āwhina i a koe ki te mārama ki tō ahuatanga, ki te whakawhirinaki ki tō mahere tiaki.

He aha te mea nui mō te mate toto kore-whakaheke?

Ko te mate toto kore-whakaheke he mate kino engari ka taea te whakaora e mutu ai te hanga iwi wheua i ngā pūtau toto. Ahakoa ka wehi te whakatau, he maha ngā tāngata e mate toto kore-whakaheke ana e whai hua ana ki te maimoatanga, ka ora tonu.

Ko te mea nui hei mahara ko te whakatau wawe me te maimoatanga tika ka whakarereke nui i tō hua. Ki te ngenge tonu koe, te mārōngaro rānei, ngā mate maha rānei, kaua e whakaroa ki te kite i tō tākuta.

Kua pai ake ngā whiringa maimoatanga i ngā tau kua pahure, ka mahi tahi tō rōpū hauora me koe ki te kimi i te huarahi pai mō tō ahuatanga motuhake. Ahakoa ko te maimoatanga whakaheke-mate, te whakawhitinga iwi wheua, te tiaki tautoko rānei, he huarahi whai hua hei āwhina i tō tinana ki te ora.

Ko te noho me te mate toto kore-whakaheke e hiahia ana ki ētahi whakarerekētanga noho, engari mā te tiaki me te tirotiro tika, ka taea e te nuinga o ngā tāngata te pupuri i te kounga ora pai. Noho hono atu ki tō rōpū hauora, whai i ō rātou whakahau, kaua hoki e wehi ki te ui i ngā pātai, ki te rapu tautoko rānei ina hiahia koe.

Ngā pātai e ui pinepinetia ana mō te mate toto kore-whakaheke

He momo mate pukupuku te mate toto kore-whakaheke?

Kāore, ehara te mate toto kore-whakaheke i te mate pukupuku. Ahakoa e pā ana ngā ahuatanga e rua ki tō toto me tō iwi wheua, ka puta te mate toto kore-whakaheke ina mutu te hanga iwi wheua i ngā pūtau toto, kāore i te hanga i ngā pūtau kino pēnei i te mate pukupuku. Heoi, i ngā take onge, ka whanake pea ngā mate pukupuku toto i muri mai, koinei te take e nui ai te tirotiro.

Ka taea te whakaora katoa te mate toto kore-whakaheke?

Ae, ka taea te whakaora i te mate toto kore-whakaheke, ina koa mā te whakawhitinga iwi wheua i ngā turoro taitamariki e mate kino ana. Ahakoa kaore i te whakaora katoa, he maha ngā tāngata e whiwhi ana i te whakaora roa mā te maimoatanga whakaheke-mate, ka ora tonu. Ko te mea nui ko te whiwhi maimoatanga wawe me te mahi tata atu ki tō rōpū hauora.

E hia te roa o te maimoatanga mō te mate toto kore-whakaheke?

He rerekē te roa o te maimoatanga i runga i te huarahi e whakamahia ana. Ko te whakaora i te whakawhitinga iwi wheua e toru ki te ono marama te roa. Ka taea e te maimoatanga whakaheke-mate te toru ki te ono marama hei whakaatu i ngā hua, me etahi tāngata e hiahia ana ki te maimoatanga tonu mō ngā tau. Ka tirotiro tō tākuta i tō ahunga whakamua, ka whakarite rānei i te wa i runga i tō whakautu.

Ka taea e au te whānau tamariki ki te mate toto kore-whakaheke ahau?

He maha ngā tāngata e mate toto kore-whakaheke ana ka taea te whānau tamariki, engari e hiahia ana ki te whakarite me te tirotiro mā tō rōpū hauora. Ka taea te uaua ake te hapu ina mate toto koe, no reira ka hiahia koe ki te tiaki motuhake puta noa. Ka taea e ētahi maimoatanga te pā ki te hua, no reira kōrerohia te whakarite whānau me tō tākuta i mua i te tīmatanga o te maimoatanga.

Me hiahia ahau ki ngā whakawhitinga toto mō te toenga o toku ora?

Kāore pea. He maha ngā whakawhitinga toto e hiahiatia ana i te tīmatanga hei tiaki i a koe i te mahi o te maimoatanga, engari he maha ngā tāngata e whakaputa ana i ngā pūtau toto ake, kāore hoki e hiahia ki ngā whakawhitinga. Ka hiahia pea etahi tāngata e mate toto kore-whakaheke roa ana ki ngā whakawhitinga i etahi wā i te roa, engari he rerekē tēnei mai i te tangata ki te tangata.