He aha te Arteriovenous Malformation? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te arteriovenous malformation (AVM) he kohinga o ngā oko toto koretake, kei reira ngā ātiretī me ngā uenuku e hono tika ana, kāore he whatunga noa o ngā keparetī iti i waenganui. Whakaarohia he huarahi poto i roto i tō pūnaha rere toto e kore e tika kia noho. Ka hanga tēnei hononga teitei-peihana e pā ana ki te rere o te toto, ā, ka taea te whakaputa i ngā raruraru i te wa roa.

He iti rawa te maha o ngā AVM, e pā ana ki te 1 i roto i te 100,000 o te iwi, engari he mea nui kia mārama, nā te kitenga wawe me te whakahaere tika ka taea te whakarereke nui i ngā hua. Ko te nuinga o te iwi i whānau mai me ngā AVM, ahakoa kaore pea e kitea e rātou kia tae rawa ki te ao.

He aha ngā tohu o te arteriovenous malformation?

He tokomaha ngā tāngata e whai AVM ana kāore he tohu, inā te iti rawa te malformation. Heoi, ki te puta mai ngā tohu, ka rereke pea te ahua, kei te wāhi o te AVM me tōna nui.

Ko ngā tohu tino noa ka pā atu ki a koe:

• Ngā mamae o te mahunga nui e rerekē ana i ō mamae mahunga noa
• Ngā hopu, ā, koinei pea te tohu tuatahi o te AVM o te roro
• Te ngoikore o te uaua, te ngawari rānei o ngā wāhanga o tō tinana
• Ngā raruraru o te tirohanga, te uaua rānei ki te kōrero
• Te whakapohehe, te raruraru rānei ki te whakahaere
• Ngā raruraru o te rongonga, tae atu ki te tangi i roto i ō taringa

I etahi wā, ka kite pea koe i te tangi o te ngaru i roto i tō mahunga e rite ana ki tō ngākau. Ka puta tēnei nā te tere o te toto e rere ana i te hononga koretake.

I etahi wā, ka taea e te AVM te whakaputa i ngā tohu nui ake, penei i ngā mamae o te mahunga nui, ngā ruaki, me te ruaki. Ka tohu pea ēnei ki te toto, e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora tonu.

He aha ngā momo arteriovenous malformation?

Ko te nuinga o ngā AVM ka whakarōpūhia e te wāhi kei roto i tō tinana. Ko ngā AVM o te roro te momo tino kōrerotia, engari ka taea e ēnei malformations te whanake i tetahi wāhi o tō pūnaha rere toto.

Ko ngā AVM o te roro e pā ana ki ngā oko toto i roto i tō roro, ā, koinei te mea tino awangawanga, nā te mea ka pā pea ki te mahi neurological. Ko ngā AVM o te tuaiwi kei runga i tō tuaiwi, ā, ka pā pea ki te nekehanga me te āhua. Ko ngā AVM o te taha e whanake ana i ō ringa, waewae, ngā pūkahukahu, ngā whatukuhu, ngā atu rānei o ngā whekau i roto i tō tinana.

Ka whakaatu mai ia momo i ōna ake wero. Ko ngā AVM o te roro ka pā pea ki ngā hopu, ngā tohu rite rānei ki te pēhanga, ā, ko ngā AVM o te taha i ō waewae ka pā pea ki te mamae, te pupuhi, ngā huringa kiri rānei i te wāhi e pā ana.

He aha ngā take o te arteriovenous malformation?

Ko te nuinga o ngā AVM e whanake ana i mua i tō whānautanga, i ngā wā tīmatanga o te whanaketanga o te peepi, i te wā e hanga ana ō oko toto. Ka waiho tēnei hei mea e kiia ana e ngā tākuta he "congenital," arā, i whānau koe me rātou ahakoa kaore i kitea kia tae rawa ki ngā tau i muri mai.

Kāore i tino mārama te take tika he aha ngā tāngata e whanake ana i ngā AVM. E teitei ana te ahua he rerekētanga whanaketanga noa atu i te mea i puta mai i ngā mahi a ō mātua, i ngā ira rānei, ahakoa ka taea e ngā ahuatanga ira tino iti te whai wāhi i etahi wā.

Kāore i rite ki ētahi atu raruraru o te oko toto, kāore te nuinga o ngā AVM i puta mai i ngā take oranga penei i te kai, te whakakori tinana, te ahotea rānei. He rerekētanga noa iho i te hanga o ō oko toto i te wā o te whanaketanga.

I etahi wā tino iti, ka taea e ngā AVM te whanake i muri i te whānautanga nā te whara, te mate rānei, engari he mea onge tēnei. Ko te nuinga o te wā, ki te whai koe i te AVM, kua noho mai i mua i tō whānautanga.

Nōhea te haere ki te tākuta mō te arteriovenous malformation?

Me rapu wawe koe i te tiaki hauora ki te pā atu ki a koe ngā mamae o te mahunga nui, kāore i rite ki ētahi atu i mua, inā te pā atu ki a koe te ruaki, te ruaki rānei, ngā huringa i tō tirohanga, te kōrero rānei. Ka taea e ēnei te tohu ki te toto mai i te AVM.

Whakapa atu hoki ki tō tākuta wawe ki te whanake koe i ngā hopu hou, te ngoikore rānei o te uaua i tetahi taha o tō tinana, ngā raruraru o te rongonga roa penei i te tangi i roto i ō taringa. Ka hiahia ēnei tohu ki te aromatawai ahakoa he ngāwari te ahua.

Ki te whai koe i ngā tohu ngāwari penei i ngā mamae o te mahunga e haere tonu ana, e rerekē ana i tō tauira noa, ngā huringa wawe i tō tirohanga, ngā wāhanga whakapohehe rānei, whakaritea he hui ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora. Ahakoa kāore pea ēnei hei āwangawanga, ka hiahia rātou ki te tiaki hauora.

Whakawhirinaki ki ō whakaaro mō tō tinana. Ki te rerekē te ahua o tetahi mea, te awangawanga rānei, he pai tonu te tirotiro i te mea i te tatari kia kino ake ngā tohu.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te arteriovenous malformation?

Nā te mea ko te nuinga o ngā AVM kei te noho mai i te whānautanga, kāore ngā take morearea noa e whai hua i te ara e mahi ai rātou mō ētahi atu ahuatanga. Heoi, ka taea e ētahi take te whakatau i te mea ka waiho te AVM hei raruraru, te kitea rānei.

He wāhi te tau i te whanaketanga o ngā tohu. Kāore te tokomaha o te iwi e pā ana ki ngā tohu kia tae rawa ki ō rātou tekau tau, rua tekau tau, toru tekau tau rānei, ahakoa kua noho mai te AVM i te whānautanga. Ka taea pea tēnei nā te tipu o te malformation, te huringa rānei i te wa roa.

E teitei ana te ahua he wāhi te ira tangata, me ngā AVM o te roro e pā ana ki ngā tāne me ngā wāhine rite tonu, ahakoa e whakaatu ana etahi rangahau i ngā rerekētanga iti i te morearea toto i waenganui i ngā ira tangata. Ka taea e te hapu te pā ki ngā tohu AVM i etahi wā nā te nui o te toto me te peihana.

Ko te whai i ētahi ahuatanga ira tino iti, penei i te hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, ka taea te whakanui ake i tō tūponotanga ki te whanake i ngā AVM maha. Heoi, ka pā tēnei ki te iti rawa o te iwi e whai AVM ana.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te arteriovenous malformation?

Ko te raruraru tino nui mai i te AVM ko te toto, e kiia ana e ngā tākuta he hemorrhage. Ka puta tēnei ina puta te rere o te toto teitei-peihana i te hononga koretake, ka pakaru tetahi o ngā oko toto.

Ka taea e te toto o te AVM o te roro te whakaputa i ngā tohu rite ki te pēhanga, ā, e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora tonu. Ka rerekē te morearea o te toto i runga i te nui me te wāhi o tō AVM, engari ko te nuinga, he iti te morearea ia tau mō te nuinga o te iwi.

Ko ētahi atu raruraru ka uru ki:

• Ngā hopu ka taea te maha ake i te wa roa
• Ngā raruraru neurological e haere tonu ana penei i te ngoikore o te uaua, te uaua ki te kōrero rānei
• Ngā mamae o te mahunga e āwangawanga ana ki ngā mahi o ia rā
• Te ngākau e ngākau nui ana nā te nui o te rere o te toto i roto i te AVM
• Te iti o te rere o te toto ki te kiko roro noa

I etahi wā tino iti, ka taea e ngā AVM nui te pā ki te kaha o tō ngākau ki te pupuhi toto, nā te nui o te toto e rere ana i te hononga koretake. He mea noa ake tēnei ki ngā AVM tino nui, maha rānei ngā malformations.

Ko te rongo pai ko te tokomaha o te iwi e whai AVM ana kāore e pā ki ngā raruraru nui, inā te whakahaere tika me te maimoatanga ina hiahiatia.

Me pēhea te whakatau o te arteriovenous malformation?

Ko te whakatau i te AVM e tīmata ana i te ui atu a tō tākuta ki ō tohu me tō hītori hauora. Ka mahi rātou i te whakamātautau tinana, ka whakarongo ki ngā tangi koretake e tohu ana pea ki te rere toto koretake.

Ko ngā whakamātautau whakaahua tino noa e whakamahia ana ki te whakatau i ngā AVM ko ngā tirohanga MRI, e whakarato ana i ngā whakaahua taipitopito o tō roro me ngā oko toto. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i ngā tirohanga CT, inā te awangawanga mō te toto.

Mō te tirohanga taipitopito ake o ngā oko toto, ka taea e tō tākuta te tūtohutia he cerebral angiogram. Ka uru tenei ki te whakangau i te tae whakapae ki ō oko toto me te tango i ngā whakaahua X-ray kia kitea te ara e rere ana te toto i roto i te AVM.

I etahi wā ka kitea ngā AVM i te wā o ngā whakamātautau whakaahua mō ētahi atu ahuatanga. He mea noa tēnei, ā, ka taea te whakamarie, nā te mea kua kitea te AVM i mua i te whakaputa i ngā raruraru nui.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te arteriovenous malformation?

Ko te maimoatanga mō ngā AVM e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā take maha, tae atu ki te nui me te wāhi o te malformation, ō tohu, me tō hauora whānui. Kāore ngā AVM katoa e hiahia ana ki te maimoatanga wawe, ā, ka taea te tirotiro i ētahi i te wa roa.

Ko ngā whiringa maimoatanga matua ko te tango pokanga, kei reira te tākuta pokanga e tango tika ana i te AVM i roto i te mahi. Koinei te maimoatanga tino tika, engari e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wāhi o te AVM me tō hauora whānui.

Ko te Endovascular embolization e uru ana ki te whakangau i te pūpoi angiangi i roto i ō oko toto ki te AVM, me te aukati i te mea me ngā kōiwi, te piripiri rānei, ngā rauemi rānei. Ka pai te mahi a tēnei huarahi iti-whakauru mō ētahi momo AVM.

Ko te Stereotactic radiosurgery e whakamahi ana i ngā hihi radiation arotahi ki te kati haere i ngā oko toto koretake i te wa roa. Ka roa ngā marama ki ngā tau kia tino whai hua tēnei maimoatanga, engari ka pai mō ngā AVM kei ngā wāhi uaua ki te tae atu.

Ka mahi tahi tō rōpū hauora ki a koe ki te whakatau i te huarahi pai i runga i tō āhuatanga motuhake. I etahi wā, he pai te mahi tahi o ngā maimoatanga.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te arteriovenous malformation i te kāinga?

Ahakoa kāore e taea e koe te maimoa i te AVM, he huarahi nui kei a koe ki te whakahaere i tō ahuatanga me te whakaiti i ngā morearea i te kāinga. He mea nui te tango i ō rongoā rite tonu ki te tohu, inā kei runga koe i ngā rongoā hopu, ngā rongoā peihana rānei.

Ko te karo i ngā mahi e whakanui nui ana i tō peihana toto ka taea te awhina i te whakaiti i te morearea toto. Ka taea pea tēnei te whakaiti i te whakakori tinana nui, te karo i te kawe nui, te whakahaere rānei i te ahotea mā ngā tikanga whakangāwari.

Tūhonohia he tātai tohu ki te aroturuki i ngā huringa i ngā mamae o te mahunga, ngā hopu rānei, ngā tohu rānei. Ka awhina ēnei korero i tō rōpū hauora ki te mahi i ngā whakatau maimoatanga pai mōu.

Whakamanahia ngā hui whai muri ki tō rōpū hauora, ahakoa kei te pai koe. Ka taea e te aroturuki tonu te hopu i ngā huringa i mua i te waiho hei raruraru.

Ako ki te mohio ki ngā tohu whakatūpato e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora tonu, penei i ngā mamae o te mahunga nui, ngā tohu neurological hou, ngā huringa rānei i tō tauira tohu noa.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui tākuta?

I mua i tō hui, tuhonohia ō tohu katoa, tae atu ki te wā i tīmata ai rātou me te mea e pai ake ai rātou, te kino ake rānei. Kia tino mōhio koe mō ngā tauira mamae o te mahunga, te mahi hopu rānei, ngā huringa neurological kua kitea e koe.

Kawe mai he rārangi katoa o ngā rongoā katoa e tango ana koe, tae atu ki ngā rongoā-ā-te-kāinga me ngā taapiri. Whakaritea hoki he rārangi o ngā pūrongo e hiahia ana koe ki te ui atu ki tō tākuta mō tō ahuatanga me ngā whiringa maimoatanga.

Ki te taea, kawe mai he mema whānau, he hoa rānei e taea te awhina i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā korero nui i kōrerotia i te wā o te hui. Ka taea e ngā hui hauora te tino nui, ā, ko te whai tautoko ka awhina i a koe ki te tukatuka pai ake i ngā korero.

Kohikohia ngā rekoata hauora o mua, ngā rangahau whakaahua rānei e pā ana ki tō AVM. Ka awhina tēnei i tō tākuta ki te mārama ki tō hītori hauora me te aroturuki i ngā huringa i te wa roa.

He aha te mea nui mō te arteriovenous malformation?

Ko te noho me te AVM ka taea te tino nui i te tīmatanga, engari kia mahara ko te tokomaha o te iwi e whai i ēnei ahuatanga e ora ana i ngā oranga tino, mahi tonu me te tiaki hauora tika. Ko te mea nui ko te mahi tata atu ki tō rōpū hauora ki te aroturuki i tō ahuatanga me te mahi i ngā whakatau whakamārama mō te maimoatanga.

Ko te kitenga wawe me te whakahaere tika ka whakarereke nui i ngā hua. Ahakoa e hiahia ana tō AVM ki te maimoatanga wawe, te aroturuki ata rānei, ko te noho uru atu ki tō tiaki hauora ka hoatu ki a koe te tupono pai mō te hua pai.

Kaua e whakaroa ki te ui i ngā pūrongo me te rapu i ngā whakaaro tuarua ki te kore koe e tino mohio ki ngā tūtohu maimoatanga. Ko te mārama ki tō ahuatanga ka manaaki i a koe ki te mahi i ngā whakatau pai mō tō hauora me tō oranga pai.

Ngā pūrongo e ui ana te iwi mō te arteriovenous malformation

Ka taea te ngaro atu ngā arteriovenous malformations i runga i a rātou ake?

Kāore te nuinga o ngā AVM e ngaro atu kahore he maimoatanga. Heoi, ka taea e ētahi AVM iti te iti ake te mahi i te wa roa, te whanake rānei i ngā toto e aukati ana i a rātou. Engari, ehara tēnei i te mea me whakawhirinaki koe ki a ia, ā, he mea nui tonu te aroturuki tonu ahakoa ka pai ake ngā tohu.

He ira tuku iho te arteriovenous malformation?

Kāore te nuinga o ngā AVM i tukuna mai i ō mātua. Ka whanake haere rātou i te wā o te whanaketanga o te peepi. Heoi, ka taea e ngā ahuatanga ira tino iti penei i te hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia te whakanui ake i te tūponotanga ki te whanake i ngā AVM maha, engari ka pā tēnei ki te iti rawa o te iwi katoa.

Ka taea e au te whakakori tinana ki te whai ahau i te arteriovenous malformation?

Ka taea e te tokomaha o te iwi e whai AVM ana te whakakori tinana, engari me kōrero koe ki tō tākuta mō ngā herenga mahi. Ko te nuinga, he pai te whakakori tinana, engari ngā mahi e whakanui nui ana i te peihana toto pea ka hiahiatia te whakaiti. Ka taea e tō tākuta te whakarato i ngā aratohu motuhake i runga i tō āhuatanga motuhake.

He aha te mea ka puta ki te toto te arteriovenous malformation?

Ko te toto AVM he āwangawanga hauora e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora tonu. Ko te maimoatanga e uru ana ki te whakau i a koe i te hauora, katahi ka whakaoti i te toto mā te pokanga, te embolization rānei, ngā whakauru rānei. Ko te tokomaha o te iwi e ora pai ana i te toto AVM, inā te maimoatanga wawe.

Nōhea ngā arteriovenous malformations e whakaputa ana i ngā hopu?

Mo te 40-60% o te iwi e whai AVM roro ana e pā ana ki ngā hopu i tētahi wā. Ko ēnei hopu e whakautu pai ana ki ngā rongoā anti-hopu. Ka taea e te maimoatanga AVM angitu te whakaiti, te whakakore rānei i ngā hopu, ahakoa ka rerekē tēnei mai i te tangata ki te tangata i runga i ngā take maha.