He aha te Whakaeke o te Hūpē? Ngā Tōmhanga, Ngā Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ka puta te whakaeke hūpē ina ngāwari te whakaiti, te pupū, me te whakaputa i te waiū nui atu o ō ara hau, ka uaua ai te manawa. Whakaarohia he paipa wāhana e pēhia ana, e kīia ana hoki i te wā kotahi. I te wā o te whakaeke, ka kaha ake ngā uaua o te taha o ō ara hau, ka mumura te papanga, ka aukati te waiū mātotoru i te rere o te hau ki ō ngā manawa.

Ka rereke enei wāhanga mai i te uaua o te manawa ki ngā āhuatanga kino e raru ai te ora. Ko te rongo pai, mā te mātauranga tika me te maimoatanga, ka taea te whakahaere pai me te aukati i te nuinga o ngā whakaeke hūpē.

He aha ngā tōmhanga o te whakaeke hūpē?

Ka puta ngā tōmhanga o te whakaeke hūpē ina whakaitihia, ina mumura hoki ō ara hau. Ka kite pea koe i ēnei tohu e tīmata ana i te ngawari, i te tere rānei, kei runga i te mea i pūrongo ai te wāhanga.

Ko ngā tōmhanga tino noa ka pā atu ki a koe:

• Te poto o te manawa, te kore rānei e taea te hopu i te manawa
• Te wheezing, he āhua rite ki te wiri teitei ina manawa koe
• Te pēhanga o te uma e āhua ana he tangata e pēhia ana ō riu
• Te mare mare tonu, ina koa i te pō, i te ata rānei
• Te uaua ki te kōrero i ngā kōrero katoa nā te kore o te manawa
• Te manukanuka, te wehi rānei i te uaua ake o te manawa

Ka pā atu ētahi atu tōmhanga ki ētahi, pēnei i te tere o te ngākau, te werawera, te māuiui rānei. Ka haere tahi ēnei tohu me ngā raruraru manawa matua, ka āhua wehi ake.

I etahi wā, ka pā pea koe ki te whakaeke hūpē “ngāwari” kaore te wheezing e kitea, engari ka mōhio tonu koe ki te pēhanga o te uma me te poto o te manawa. He āhuatanga whakaaro nui tenei, na te mea kaore pea e āhua kino penei i te mea.

He aha ngā take o te whakaeke hūpē?

Ka pūrongo ngā whakaeke hūpē ina whakaohooho tetahi mea i ō ara hau kua ngawari. Ka pā atu tō pūnaha mate ki ēnei whakaohooho, ka puta te mumura me te kaha o ngā uaua e aukati ana i te rere o te hau.

Ko ngā whakaohooho tino noa ka pūrongo i te whakaeke:

• Ngā mea pāwera pēnei i te paura, ngā nakahi puehu, te huruhuru o ngā kararehe, ngā pūhui kēne rānei
• Ngā mate manawa pēnei i te mate huka, te mate huaketo, ngā mate ihu rānei
• Ngā mea poke o te hau, tae atu ki te paowa, ngā kakara kaha, ngā kohuke hau rānei
• Ngā huringa o te rangi, ina koa te hau makariri, te makuku teitei rānei
• Te mahi tinana, te whakakori tinana rānei, ina koa i te hau makariri, te hau maroke rānei
• Ngā kare-a-roto kaha pēnei i te ahotea, te manukanuka, te koa rānei
• Ētahi rongoā, ina koa te aspirin, te beta-blockers rānei

Ko ngā whakaohooho kaore e tino noa ko te reflux waikawa, te waikawa o te puku e whakaohooho ana i ō ara hau, me ētahi kai, me ngā taapiri kai pēnei i te sulfites. Ka pā atu ētahi ki ngā matū, ngā rauemi mahi motuhake, he āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te hūpē mahi.

I etahi wā, ka pūrongo ngā huringa homoni i te wā o te menestrual, te hapu rānei i ētahi wāhine. Ko te mea nui ko te kimi i ō whakaohooho whaiaro mā te tirotiro ata me te mahi tahi me tō kaiwhakarato hauora.

Nōhea te haere ki te taote mō te whakaeke hūpē?

Me rapu awhina tūturu koe mena ka pā atu ki a koe te uaua nui ki te manawa, kaore e taea te kōrero i ngā kōrero katoa, te āhua rānei kei te whakakīia koe. Ko ēnei ngā tohu o te whakaeke hūpē nui e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora tūturu tonu.

Karangahia te 111, haere rānei ki te rūma āwhina tūturu mena ka kite koe i ēnei:

• Te poto nui o te manawa kaore e pai ake mā tō inhaler whakaora
• Te kore e taea te kōrero atu i ngā kupu torutoru i te wā kotahi
• Te tae kikorangi o ō ngutu, o tō mata, o ō maihao rānei
• Te uaua nui ki te manawa ina noho noa
• Te āhua whakapohehe, te moe rānei i te wā o te whakaeke

Me whakapiri atu hoki koe ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora i roto i ngā haora 24 mena kua pā atu ki a koe tetahi whakaeke hūpē, ahakoa he ngāwari. Ka taea e rātou te awhina i te whakarite i tō mahere maimoatanga me te kimi i te mea pea i pūrongo ai te wāhanga.

Whakarite he huihuinga noa mena kei te whakamahi koe i tō inhaler whakaora neke atu i te rua i te wiki, kei te ara ake koe me ngā tōmhanga hūpē, kei te whakaitihia rānei ō mahi o ia rā e ngā raruraru manawa. Ka whakaatu ēnei tauira kei te hiahia tō mahere maimoatanga o nāianei ki te whakarite.

He aha ngā take morearea mō ngā whakaeke hūpē?

Ka taea e ētahi take te whakaiti i te pānga o ngā whakaeke hūpē, te whakaiti rānei i te kino o te pānga ina puta. Ka āwhina te mōhiotanga ki ēnei take morearea i a koe me tō kaiwhakarato hauora ki te whakarite i ngā rautaki aukati pai ake.

Ko ngā take morearea matua e whakaiti ana i tō ngoikoretanga:

• Te kore e whakahaeretia te hūpē me ngā tōmhanga o ia rā
• Te whakaohooho ki ngā whakaohooho whaiaro kaore he tikanga aukati tika
• Te kore e inu i ngā rongoā whakahaere i ia rā
• Te whakamahi i tō inhaler whakaora neke atu i te rua i te wiki
• Te pānga o te whakaeke nui, te noho rongoā rānei
• Ngā mate manawa, ngā raruraru ihu rānei
• Ngā taumata ahotea teitei, ngā huringa ora nui rānei

Ko ētahi atu take ka taea te whakaiti i te morearea ko te noho tata ki te paowa tuarua, te noho i ngā wāhi he hau poke teitei, te pānga rānei ki ētahi atu āhuatanga pēnei i te reflux waikawa, te apnea moe rānei. Ka taea hoki e ngā mate pāwera o te wa te whakaohooho i ō ara hau i ētahi wā o te tau.

I etahi wā, ka taea e ētahi take ira, te maha o ngā mate pāwera rānei te whakaiti i ngā whakaeke, te whakaiti rānei i te kino. Ko te rongo pai ko te nuinga o ēnei take morearea ka taea te whakahaere mā te tiaki hauora tika me ngā whakaritenga oranga.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o ngā whakaeke hūpē?

Ahakoa te nuinga o ngā whakaeke hūpē ka pai te whakautu ki te maimoatanga, ka taea e ētahi te arahi ki ngā raruraru nui mena kaore i te whakahaeretia tika. Ka āwhina te mōhiotanga ki ēnei take pea ki te mohio ki te wa hei rapu awhina hauora tūturu.

Ko ngā raruraru tino whakaaro nui ka puta:

• Te status asthmaticus, he whakaeke nui kaore e whakautu ki ngā maimoatanga noa
• Te kore o te manawa, kaore ō manawa e hoatu te hau nui
• Te pneumothorax, he manawa pakaru mai i te kaha o te manawa
• Te ngauwai me te ngenge mai i te uaua o te manawa roa
• Ngā raruraru ngākau mai i te kore o te hau, ngā pānga rongoā rānei

Ka taea hoki e ngā whakaeke nui te arahi ki ngā huringa ara hau mau tonu e kiia nei ko te whakahou ara hau, ka mau tonu ngā raruraru manawa ahakoa i waenga i ngā whakaeke. Koinei te take he mea nui te maimoatanga aukati mau tonu.

Ko ngā raruraru kaore e tino noa ko ngā mate pāwera nui ki ngā rongoā, te hūpē rongoā rānei e kore e taea te whakaora. Ka taea hoki te puta mai ngā pānga hinengaro pēnei i ngā mate manukanuka, ina koa i muri i te pānga o ngā whakaeke nui.

Ko te nuinga o te iwi e pangia ana e te hūpē kaore e pā atu ki ēnei raruraru nui ina whai i tō rātou mahere maimoatanga me te mahi tata atu ki tō rātou kaiwhakarato hauora.

Me pēhea te aukati i ngā whakaeke hūpē?

Ko te aukati i ngā whakaeke hūpē ko te whakakotahitanga o te karo i ō whakaohooho e mohiotia ana, te tango i ngā rongoā penei i te whakahaere, me te pupuri i te hauora pai. Ka taea te aukati i te nuinga o ngā whakaeke mā ngā rautaki tika me te tiaki mau tonu.

Me whai i ēnei rautaki matua i roto i tō mahere aukati:

• Te tango i ngā rongoā whakahaere i ia rā, ahakoa kei te pai te āhua
• Te kimi me te karo i ō whakaohooho whaiaro ina taea
• Te whakamahi i tō mita rere nui ki te tirotiro i te mahi o ngā manawa
• Te whiwhi i ngā whakakakahu mate huka o ia tau me te pupuri i ngā whakakakahu
• Te pupuri i te taumaha hauora me te noho mahi tinana
• Te whakahaere i te ahotea mā ngā tikanga whakahaerenga, te tohutohu rānei
• Te pupuri i tō wāhi noho mā, kaore he puehu, he mea pāwera rānei

Ka taea e ngā tikanga whakahaere taiao te whakaiti i te whakaohooho. Ka uru pea tenei ki te whakamahi i ngā kaiwhakamāori hau, te horoi i ngā moenga i roto i te wai wera i ia wiki, te pupuri rānei i ngā taumata makuku i waenga i te 30-50% i roto i tō whare.

Ka taea e te mahi tahi me te tākuta mate pāwera te awhina i te kimi i ngā whakaohooho motuhake mā te whakamātautau, ka taea e rātou te tūtohutia te immunotherapy mō ētahi mea pāwera. Ka whakarite ngā tirotiro noa me tō kaiwhakarato hauora kia mau tonu te whai hua o tō mahere maimoatanga i te huringa o ō hiahia.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te whakaeke hūpē?

Ka aro te whakatau i te whakaeke hūpē ki te whakatuwhera tere i ō ara hau me te whakaiti i te mumura hei whakahoki i te manawa noa. Ka whakawhirinaki te huarahi motuhake ki te kino o tō whakaeke me tō whakautu ki ngā maimoatanga tuatahi.

Ko te maimoatanga tūturu mō te whakaeke ko te whakamahi i ngā:

• Ngā inhalers tere-whakaora (bronchodilators) pēnei i te albuterol hei whakatuwhera i ngā ara hau
• Ngā corticosteroids waha hei whakaiti i te mumura mena he kino ngā tōmhanga
• Te hau hau mena he iti ngā taumata hau o tō toto
• Ngā maimoatanga nebulizer mō te tuku rongoā pai ake
• Ngā rongoā IV mō ngā whakaeke nui kaore e whakautu ki ngā inhalers

Mō te whakahaere hūpē tonu, ka taea e tō kaiwhakarato hauora te whakahau i ngā rongoā whakahaere pēnei i ngā corticosteroids manawa, ngā bronchodilators roa, ngā rongoā pūtau hou rānei mō ngā take nui.

I etahi wā kaore ngā maimoatanga noa e whai hua, ka whakaaro pea tō taote ki ngā maimoatanga pēnei i te thermoplasty bronchial, he tukanga e whakaiti ana i te mātotoru o ngā uaua ara hau. Ka whai hua ētahi ki te immunotherapy hei whakaiti i te ngawari ki ngā mea pāwera motuhake.

Ko te mea nui ko te whai i te mahere whakaora tere mō ngā whakaeke me te rautaki whakahaere roa hei aukati i te puta mai i te timatanga.

Me pēhea te tango i te maimoatanga kāinga i te wā o te whakaeke hūpē?

Ko te whai i te mahere mahi mārama mō te whakahaere i ngā whakaeke hūpē i te kāinga ka taea te awhina i a koe ki te whakautu tere me te whai hua ina tīmata ngā tōmhanga. Me hoatu e tō kaiwhakarato hauora ki a koe he mahere mahi hūpē tuhituhi e whakaatu ana i te mea hei mahi.

Ina kite tuatahi koe i ngā tōmhanga whakaeke, whai i ēnei kaupae:

1. Noho marino, noho tika hei whakaiti i te uaua o te manawa
2. Whakamahia to inhaler whakaora tere tonu penei i te whakahaunga
3. Taria 10-15 meneti ki te kite mena ka pai ake ngā tōmhanga
4. Tangohia te tuarua o tō inhaler whakaora mena e hiahiatia ana
5. Karangahia te awhina hauora mena kaore ngā tōmhanga e pai ake, e kino ake rānei

I te wā e tatari ana koe kia mahi tō rongoā, ngana ki te tango i a koe i ngā whakaohooho e kitea ana pēnei i te paowa, ngā kakara kaha rānei. Manawa ngāwari me te pumau mā tō ihu mena e taea ana, kaua e takoto, na te mea ka uaua ake te manawa.

Pupurihia ngā nama whakapā āwhina tūturu, tae atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora me ngā ratonga āwhina tūturu o te rohe. Mena kei te noho koe kotahi, whakaarohia te whai hoa whakawhirinaki, whānau rānei ka taea te karanga mō te tautoko i te wā o te whakaeke.

Kaua rawa e whakaroa ki te rapu awhina āwhina tūturu mena he kino ngā tōmhanga, kaore rānei e whakautu ki te maimoatanga. He pai tonu te tupato ina pā ana ki ngā raruraru manawa.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō huihuinga taote?

Ko te whakarite mō tō huihuinga hauora ka āwhina i te whakarite kia whiwhi koe i te tiaki whānui me ngā aratohu whai hua mō te whakahaere i tō hūpē. Ka taea e te whakarite pai te whakapai ake i tō haerenga me te āwhina i tō kaiwhakarato ki te hoatu i ngā tūtohu maimoatanga pai ake.

I mua i tō huihuinga, kohikohia ēnei korero nui:

• He rekoata taipitopito o ō tōmhanga, tae atu ki te wā e puta mai ana me te mea e āhua ana e pūrongo ana
• Ngā rongoā katoa kei te tangohia e koe, tae atu ki ngā rongoā-a-te-kāinga me ngā taapiri
• Ngā pānui rere nui mena kei te whakamahi koe i te mita rere nui
• Ngā pātai mō tō mahere maimoatanga, ngā āwangawanga rānei mō ō tōmhanga
• Ngā korero mō ngā huringa hou i tō taiao, ngā taumata ahotea, te hauora rānei

Whakaarohia te pupuri i te tātai tōmhanga mō te wiki, rua rānei i mua i tō huihuinga. Tātaihia te wā e pā ana ngā tōmhanga, te mahi i mahi koe, te rangi, me te āhua o tō ngākau. Ka āwhina ēnei korero ki te kimi i ngā tauira me ngā whakaohooho.

Kawea mai tetahi mema o te whānau, hoa rānei mena kei te pai koe, ina koa mena kua pā atu ki a koe ngā whakaeke nui. Ka taea e rātou te awhina i te mahara ki ngā korero nui me te whakarato tautoko i tō haerenga.

Kaua e whakaroa ki te ui pātai mō tetahi mea kaore koe e mōhio ki tō āhuatanga, tō mahere maimoatanga rānei. E hiahia ana tō kaiwhakarato hauora ki te awhina i a koe ki te whakawhirinaki ki te whakahaere i tō hūpē.

He aha te mea nui mō ngā whakaeke hūpē?

Ko ngā whakaeke hūpē he wāhanga nui engari ka taea te whakahaere e puta ana ina mumura, ina whakaitihia hoki ō ara hau. Ahakoa ka āhua wehi, ko te mōhiotanga ki ō whakaohooho me te whai i te mahere maimoatanga kaha ka whakaiti i te wehi ki tō oranga o ia rā.

Ko te mea nui hei mahara ko te nuinga o ngā whakaeke hūpē ka taea te aukati mā te whakamahi rongoā tika me te karo i ngā whakaohooho. Ko te mahi tata atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora hei whakawhanake i te mahere mahi hūpē whaiaro ka hoatu ki a koe ngā taputapu hei whakahaere i ngā whakaeke me te whakawhirinaki ina puta mai.

Mā ngā maimoatanga whai hua o nāianei me ngā rautaki whakahaere, ka taea e te nuinga o te iwi e pangia ana e te hūpē te noho ora, te noho mahi me ngā whakatau iti.

Kia mahara kei te whakatau koe i a koe, me te tiaki tika, ka taea e koe te whakahaere pai i tēnei āhuatanga i te wā e whai ana koe i ō whāinga me ō mahi katoa.

Ngā pātai e ui pinepinetia ana mō ngā whakaeke hūpē

P1: E hōea ana ngā whakaeke hūpē?

Ko te nuinga o ngā whakaeke hūpē ngāwari ka roa mai i te torutoru meneti ki ngā haora maha ina whakahaerea teretia mā ngā rongoā whakaora. Engari, ka taea e ngā whakaeke nui ake te roa mō ngā rā, me te hiahia pea ki te noho rongoā mō te whakahaere tika.

Ko te roa e whakawhirinaki ana ki te tere o te mohio ki ngā tōmhanga me te tīmata i te maimoatanga, me te mea hoki i pūrongo ai te whakaeke. Ko te whakauru wawe ki tō inhaler whakaora ka ārahi ki te ora tere ake.

P2: Ka mate koe i te whakaeke hūpē?

Ahakoa he onge ngā mate mai i ngā whakaeke hūpē, ka taea te puta mena kaore i te whakahaerea teretia, tika hoki ngā whakaeke nui. Koinei te take he mea nui te whai i te mahere mahi āwhina tūturu me te mohio ki te wa hei rapu awhina hauora tūturu.

Ko te nuinga o ngā mate e pā ana ki te hūpē ka taea te aukati mā te maimoatanga tonu, te tirotiro hauora noa, me te whakautu tere ki ngā tōmhanga nui. Kaua rawa e wareware ki ngā tohu o te whakaeke nui.

P3: He mea noa te ngenge i muri i te whakaeke hūpē?

Ae, ko te ngenge i muri i te whakaeke hūpē he mea noa, he mea tumanako. Kua mahi nui tō tinana ki te manawa, ko te ahotea o te wāhanga ka ārahi ki te ngenge.

Ka taea e tēnei ngenge te roa mō ngā haora maha, te rā, rua rānei i muri i te whakaeke nui. He mea nui te okioki mō te ora, engari whakapiri atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mena ka mau tonu te ngenge nui mō te neke atu i ngā rā torutoru.

P4: Ka taea e te ahotea anake te pūrongo i te whakaeke hūpē?

Ka taea e te ahotea te pūrongo i ngā whakaeke hūpē i te nuinga o te iwi, ahakoa kaore he whakaohooho e kitea. Ka puta mai ngā kare-a-roto kaha i ngā huringa i ngā tauira manawa ka taea te whakaiti i te mumura i ō ara hau.

Ko te ako i ngā tikanga whakahaere ahotea pēnei i ngā whakakorikori manawa hohonu, te whakaaroaro, te mahi tinana noa rānei ka taea te awhina i te whakaiti i tēnei whakaohooho. Mena he whakaohooho noa te ahotea mōu, whakaarohia te kōrero ki tetahi tohunga mō ngā rautaki whakahaere.

P5: Me haere ahau ki te mahi, ki te kura rānei i muri i te whakaeke hūpē?

Ka whakawhirinaki tenei ki te kino o tō whakaeke me te pai o tō ora. Mena kei te manawa noa koe, kei te mataara, kei te hoki mai ō pānui rere nui ki tō āhua noa, ka taea pea e koe te whakahoki i ō mahi noa.

Engari, mena kei te poto tonu te manawa, te ngenge, te whakamahi rānei i tō inhaler whakaora, he pai ake te okioki me te ora katoa. Ina raru, tirohia ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mō te wa e haumaru ana te hoki ki tō mahi noa.