Ingoa Wahine Koretake

Ngā ira tangata kē, i huaina rānei ko ngā ira tangata kore-mārama, he āhuatanga onge te kite i te wā e whānau mai ana te pēpi, kāohore nei e kitea mā te titiro atu he tane te pēpi, he wahine rānei. Ki te pēpi he ngā ira tangata kē, pea kāore nei i whānuitia katoa ngā ira tangata, ā, pea rerekē atu te ahua i te mea e tumanakohia ana. Ā, pea he āhuatanga o ngā ira tangata neke atu i te kotahi. Pea kāore ngā ira tangata o waho e rite ki ngā ira tangata o roto. Ā, pea kāore e rite ki te ira tangata ira, e whakatauhia ana e ngā ira ira: te nuinga, XX mō ngā wāhine, ā, XY mō ngā tāne.

Ko ngā ira tangata o waho ko ngā ira tangata kei waho o te tinana. Kei roto i ēnei te waha o te weronga me ngā ngutu, te clitoris, te titi me te pūwerewere. Ko ngā ira tangata o roto ko ngā ira tangata kei roto i te tinana. Kei roto i ēnei te weronga, ngā tūpū fallopian, te kopu, te prostate, ngā ovaries me ngā testes. Ko ngā homoni ira e hangaia ana e ngā ovaries me ngā testes, e kiia ana hoki ko ngā gonads. Ko te ira tangata ira e whakatūria ana i runga i ngā ira ira. Te nuinga, ko ēnei ira ira he wahine ira tangata me ngā ira X e rua, ā, he tāne ira tangata me tetahi ira X me tetahi ira Y.

Kāore ngā ira tangata kē he mate; he rerekētanga te whanaketanga o te ira tangata. Te nuinga, ka taea te kite i ngā ira tangata kē i te wā e whānau mai ana te pēpi, i muri mai rānei. Ka tino pouri te whānau mō tēnei āhuatanga. Ka rapu te rōpū hauora i te take o ngā ira tangata kē, ā, ka homai ngā mōhiohio me ngā tohutohu hei ārahi i ngā whakatau mō te ira tangata o tō pēpi me ngā maimoatanga e hiahiatia ana.

Ka tūturu pea te rōpū hauora o tō tamaiti ki te kite i ngā ure whakakake i muri tata mai i te whānautanga o tō pēpi. I ētahi wā, ka whakapaehia ngā ure whakakake i mua atu o te whānautanga. Ka rerekē te ahua o ngā ure whakakake. Ka whakawhirinaki pea ngā rerekētanga ki te wā i roto i te whanaketanga o ngā ure i puta ai ngā huringa homoni i pā ki te whanaketanga, me te take.

Ko ngā pēpi wahine whānau, arā, he rua ngā karōme X, ka taea e rātou:

• He karere nui ake, ka rite pea ki te titi.
• He ngutu kati, he ngutu rānei e whai kopiko ana, ka rite ki te pūwerewere.
• Ngā pūngāwerewere e kitea ana i roto i ngā ngutu kōtui.

Ko ngā pēpi tane whānau, arā, he kotahi te karōme X me te kotahi te karōme Y, ka taea e rātou:

• He āhuatanga e kore ai te pūkaha angiangi e kawe ana i te mimi me te purapura, e kiia nei ko te urethra, e totoro katoa ki te pito o te titi. Ki te mea kei raro o te titi te tuwhera o te pūkaha, ka kiia ko te hypospadias.
• He titi iti rawa me te tuwhera o te urethra e tata ana ki te pūwerewere.
• Kotahi, he rua rānei ngā pūngāwerewere e ngaro ana i te mea e kitea ana ko te pūwerewere.
• Ngā pūngāwerewere e noho ana i roto i te tinana, e kiia ana hoki ko ngā pūngāwerewere kore e heke, me te pūwerewere kau e rite ana ki te ngutu me te kore rānei he micropenis.

Kaore he uauatanga

Ko ngā ira tōrangapū koretake te tikanga ka puta mai ina mutu, kāore rānei e raru ngā huringa homoni i te wā hapu, e mutu ana, kāore rānei e āwhina i ngā kōpū wahine e whanau mai ana. Ka kiia hoki te pēpi e whānau mai ana he kōpū.

Ka whakatakotoria te ira ira tangata o te pēpi i te wā e hapu ai, e ahu mai ana i ngā kromosoma ira tangata. Ko te haputanga ko te wā e tūtaki ai te hua mai i tētahi mātua ki te purapura mai i tētahi atu mātua. Kei roto i te hua tētahi kromosoma X. Kei roto i te purapura tētahi kromosoma X, tētahi rānei kromosoma Y. Ko te pēpi e whiwhi ana i te kromosoma X mai i te purapura he wahine ira tangata me ngā kromosoma X e rua. Ko te pēpi e whiwhi ana i te kromosoma Y mai i te purapura he tane ira tangata me tētahi kromosoma X me tētahi kromosoma Y.

Ka whanake ngā kōpū ira tangata tane me wahine mai i te kiko kotahi. Ko te mea ka waiho tēnei kiko hei kōpū tane, hei kōpū wahine rānei e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā kromosoma me te noho mai, kāore rānei, o ngā homoni e kiia nei ko ngā androgen. Ko ngā androgen te take o te whanaketanga o ngā ira tangata tane.

• I roto i tētahi kōpū me te kromosoma Y, ka whakaoho tētahi wāhi kei runga i taua kromosoma i te whanaketanga o ngā hua, e hanga ana i ngā androgen. Ka whanake ngā ira tangata tane hei whakautu ki ēnei homoni mai i ngā hua o te kōpū.
• I roto i tētahi kōpū kāore he kromosoma Y, kāore hoki i ngā pānga o ngā androgen, ka whanake ngā ira tangata hei wahine.

I etahi wā, ka uaua pea te kimi i te ira ira tangata.

He huringa i roto i ngā kaupae e pā ana ki te whanaketanga o te ira tangata o te kōpū ka puta he kore-tūpono i waenganui i te ahua o ngā ira tangata o waho o te pēpi me ngā ira tangata o roto o te pēpi, te ira tangata rānei, he XX, he XY.

• Ki te kore tētahi kōpū tane ira tangata e hanga homoni e kiia nei ko ngā androgen, kāore rānei i te nui o ēnei homoni, ka taea e ia te whakaoho i ngā ira tangata koretake. Ko te whakamahinga o ngā androgen i te wā e whanake ana i roto i tētahi kōpū wahine ira tangata ka puta he ira tangata o waho koretake.
• Ko ngā huringa i roto i ētahi ira ka pā ki te whanaketanga o te ira tangata o te kōpū, ka whakaoho i ngā ira tangata koretake.
• Ko ngā ira tangata koretake ka taea hoki te āhuatanga o ētahi mate tino onge, he uaua rānei e pā ana ki ngā kōpū maha. Ka uru atu ēnei mate ki ngā huringa kromosoma pēnei i te kore o tetahi kromosoma ira tangata, tētahi atu rānei.

I etahi wā, kāore e taea te kimi i te take o ngā ira tangata koretake.

Ko ngā take o ngā ira tangata koretake i roto i ngā wahine ira tangata ka uru atu ki:

• Hyperplasia adrenal whānau. Ko ētahi momo o tēnei āhuatanga ira tangata te take e hanga ana ngā whatukuhu adrenal i te nui o ngā homoni e kiia nei ko ngā androgen.
• Te whakamahinga ki ētahi homoni i mua i te whānau. Ko ētahi rongoā kei roto ngā androgen, kei te whakaoho rānei i te tinana o te tangata hapu kia hanga ēnei homoni, ka taea te whakaoho i ngā ira tangata wahine e whanake ana kia tino tane. Ka taea hoki te whakamahinga o te kōpū e whānau mai ana ki te nui o ngā homoni e whakaoho ana i te whanaketanga o ngā ira tangata tane ki te pānga o te tangata hapu ki te āhuatanga e whakaoho ana i ngā homoni kia kore e rite.
• Ngā mate pukupuku. I etahi wā, ka taea e te mate pukupuku i roto i te tangata hapu te hanga homoni e whakaoho ana i te whanaketanga o ngā ira tangata tane.

Ko ngā take o ngā ira tangata koretake i roto i ngā tane ira tangata ka uru atu ki:

• Ngā raruraru ki te whanaketanga o ngā hua. Ka taea pea tenei na ngā huringa i roto i ngā ira, na ngā take kaore i te mohiotia rānei.
• Te mate kore-whakautu androgen. I roto i tēnei āhuatanga, kāore ngā kiko ira tangata e whanake ana e whakautu penei me te tika ki ngā homoni e hanga ana e ngā hua.
• Ngā raruraru ki ngā hua, ki te testosterone rānei. He maha ngā raruraru ka whakaroa i ngā mahi a ngā hua. Ka uru atu ēnei ki ngā raruraru ki te hanga o ngā hua me ngā raruraru ki te hanga i te homoni testosterone. Ka uru atu hoki tenei ki ngā raruraru ki ētahi pūmua i roto i ngā pūtau e kī ana ki ngā pūtau kia whakautu ki te testosterone.
• Te kore o te 5-alpha-reductase. Ko te kore o te nui o tēnei enzyme te take o ngā raruraru ki te hanga homoni e whakaoho ana i te whanaketanga o ngā ira tangata tane.

Ka pānga pea te hītori whānau ki te whanaketanga o ngā ira tangata kē. Ko te take, he maha ngā rerekētanga o te whanaketanga ira tangata e puta mai ana i ngā huringa kiripuaki ka taea te tuku i roto i ngā whānau. Ko ngā take tūponotanga pea mō ngā ira tangata kē, e whai ake nei:

• Ngā mate kahore i te mārama i te wā pēpi.
• Ngā uaua ki te whānau tamariki, te kore o ngā wā, te nui o ngā huruhuru kanohi i ngā wāhine.
• Ngā ira tangata kē.
• Te whanaketanga tinana kē i te wā o te pakehatanga.
• Te hyperplasia adrenal whānau, he rōpū o ngā āhuatanga ira e pā ana ki ngā whekau adrenal, ā, ka tukuna i roto i ngā whānau.

Ki te pēnei te hītori o tō whānau, kōrero atu ki tō kaimahi hauora i mua i te ngana ki te hapu. Ka āhei hoki te tohutohu ira ki te whakamahere i mua.

Ka uru pea ngā raruraru o ngā ira tangata kē ki roto i ēnei:

• Te kore tamariki. Kei te whakawhirinaki te kaha o te hunga he ira tangata kē ki te whānau tamariki ki te tātaritanga motuhake. Hei tauira, ko ngā wāhine whānau e whai hyperplasia adrenal whānau ana ka taea pea te hapu mehemea ka whiriwhiri rātou.
• Te tūponotanga teitei o ētahi mate pukupuku. Kei te hono etahi rerekētanga o te whanaketanga ira ki te tūponotanga teitei o ētahi momo mate pukupuku.

Kaore he uauatanga

Ko te tautuhi i ngā ira tangata kē e te nuinga o te wā ka puta i te wā whānau, i muri tata mai rānei. I etahi wā, ka whakaaro pea ngā tohunga hauora he ira tangata kē i te wā hapu ina rerekē ngā hua o ngā whakamātautau toto o te ira tangata o te pēpi kaore i whānau ki ngā whakaahua ultrasound o ngā ira tangata o te pēpi. Engari ko te nuinga, kaore te tautuhi e puta kia mutu te whānau. Ka kite pea ngā tohunga hauora e āwhina ana ki te whānau i ngā tohu o ngā ira tangata kē i tō pēpi iti.

Ki te whānau tō pēpi me ngā ira tangata kē, ka mahi tō tākuta me ētahi atu tohunga hauora ki te kimi i te take. Ka āwhina te take ki te arahi i te maimoatanga me ngā whakatau mō te ira tangata o tō pēpi. Ka tīmata tō tohunga hauora mā te uiui i ngā pātai e pā ana ki tō whānau me tō hītori hauora. Ka whakamātauhia tō pēpi ki te tirotiro i ngā pūwere me te aromatawai i ngā ira tangata.

Ka tino whai pea tō pēpi i ēnei whakamātautau:

• Ngā whakamātautau toto hei ine i ngā taumata homoni.
• Ngā whakamātautau toto hei titiro ki ngā kromosoma. Ka taea e tēnei te whakaatu i te ira tangata: ko te tikanga, XX, XY rānei. Ka taea hoki e ēnei whakamātautau toto te whakaatu i ngā āhuatanga e puta mai ana i te huringa o te ira e pā ana ki te whanaketanga o ngā ira tangata.
• Ultrasound o te upoko me te kopu hei titiro i ngā pūwere kaore i heke iho, he kopu, he weronga rānei.
• Ngā rangahau X-ray mā te whakamahi i te tae whakakāhua hei āwhina i te whakaputa i tetahi whakaahua mārama o ngā hanganga o te upoko me te kopu.

I etahi wā, ka hiahiatia te pokanga iti hei kohikohi i te tauira kiko o ngā kōpū whakaū o tō pēpi iti. Ka mahia tēnei pokanga mā te kotahi, neke atu rānei ngā tapa iti mā te whakamahi i ngā kamera iti me ngā taputapu pokanga.

Mā te whakamahi i ngā korero i kohia mai i ēnei whakamātautau, ka taea pea e tō tohunga hauora te kōrero mō te ira tangata mō tō pēpi. Ko te kōrero kei runga i te take, te ira tangata, te hanganga tinana, te kaha whakaū me te taangata o muri mai, te ira tangata pakeke pea, me te kōrero ki a koe.

I etahi wā, ka taea e te whānau te whakatau i roto i ngā rā torutoru i muri i te whānau. Engari he mea nui kia tatari ngā whānau kia mutu ngā whakamātautau. Ka uaua pea te whakarite ira tangata, ā, ka roa pea. Me mōhio ngā mātua ka taea e te tamaiti te whakatau rerekē mō te tautuhi ira tangata i te wā e tipu haere ana.

Ko te whāinga o te maimoatanga ko te hauora hinengaro me te oranga whānau roa, me te maha o ngā mahi taangata me te momona ka taea. Ko te wā hei tīmatanga i te maimoatanga ka whakawhirinaki ki te āhuatanga motuhake o tō tamaiti.

He uaua te ure koretake, ā, ehara i te mea noa. Ko te whakahaere i te mea pea ka hiahia ki te rōpū o ngā tohunga. Ko te rōpū pea ka whai:

• Ngā tākuta tamariki.
• Ngā tohunga i ngā pēpi i whānau wawe rānei, i ngā āhuatanga hauora rānei, e kiia ana hoki ko ngā tohunga neonatologists.
• Ngā tohunga i ngā pūnaha mimi a ngā tamariki, e kiia ana hoki ko ngā tohunga urologists tamariki.
• Ngā taote pokanga whānui tamariki.
• Ngā tohunga i ngā homoni o te tinana, e kiia ana hoki ko ngā tohunga endocrinologists.
• Ngā tohunga ira tākuta.
• Ngā tohunga hauora hinengaro, pēnei i ngā tohunga hinengaro, i ngā kaimahi whānau rānei.

Ka āwhina pea ngā rongoā homoni ki te whakatika, ki te whakahaere rānei i ngā homoni kaore i te taurite. Hei tauira, i te wahine ira i whānau mai me te clitoris nui iti i puta mai i te hyperplasia adrenal whānau iti, ko te whakakapi homoni pea te maimoatanga anake e hiahiatia ana.

I ngā tamariki he ure koretake, ka taea te whakamahi pokanga ki te:

• Tiaki i te mahi taangata hauora.
• Waihanga i ngā ure e puta mai ana he tino noa.

Ko te wā o te pokanga ka whakawhirinaki ki te āhuatanga motuhake o tō tamaiti. Ko ētahi tohunga hauora e pai ana ki te whakaroa i te pokanga i mahia ana mō te ahua anake. Ka kōrero ratou kia tatū ki te wā e pakeke ana te tangata he ure koretake kia nui te wāhi ki te whakatau mō te tohatoha ira.

Mō ngā tamariki he ure koretake, ka mahi tika pea ngā whekau ira ahakoa te ahua o ngā ure i waho. Mō ngā kōtiro, ki te huna te weronga i raro i te kiri, hei tauira, ka āwhina te pokanga i te tamarikitanga ki te mahi taangata i muri mai. Mō ngā tama, ka waihanga pea te pokanga ki te hanga hou i te ure kaore i te whānuitia kia puta he ahua tino noa, ā, kia taea ai te whakaohooho. Ka hiahiatia pea te pokanga ki te neke i ngā hua ki te scrotum.

Ko ngā hua o te pokanga e ahuareka ana. Engari ka hiahiatia pea ngā pokanga anō. Ko ngā tūponotanga ko te ahua whakama, te raruraru rānei ki te mahi taangata, pēnei i te raruraru ki te tae atu ki te orgasm.

Ko ngā tamariki he ure koretake e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora haere tonu. Kei roto i ēnei te mataara mō ngā raruraru, pēnei i te whiwhi i ngā tirotiro mate pukupuku ki te pakeketanga.

Ki te pēpi tō tamaiti he ure koretake, ka manukanuka pea koe ki te heke mai o te pēpi. Ka taea e ngā tohunga hauora hinengaro te āwhina i a koe ki te whakahaere i tēnei rerekētanga kaore koe i tumanako. Pātai atu ki te tohunga hauora o tō tamaiti mō te tohutohu ki te tohunga hauora hinengaro he wheako kei a ia te āwhina i ngā tāngata kei tō āhuatanga. Ka kite pea koe he āwhina te whakauru ki te rōpū tautoko, i te tangata rānei, i te ipurangi rānei.

Ka kite pea tō tamaiti he āwhina te tohutohu haere tonu e ngā tohunga hauora hinengaro, ā, ka whiriwhiri pea ia kia whakauru ki ngā rōpū tautoko ki te pakeketanga.

Ko te kore e mōhio ki te ira o tō pēpi i te tīmatanga pea ka huri i te whakanui i tumanakohia ki te wā teitei. Ka taea e tō rōpū hauora te homai ki a koe ngā whakahōutanga me ngā mōhiohio kia tere ai. Ka taea hoki e rātou te whakautu i ngā pātai me te kōrero ki a koe mō te hauora o tō tamaiti.

Whakaarohia te tatū ki te mahi i te whakakīanga whaimana o te whānau tae noa ki te oti te whakamātautau, ā, kua waihangahia e koe he mahere me ngā tohutohu mai i tō rōpū hauora. Homai ki a koe etahi wā ki te ako me te whakaaro mō te āhuatanga o tō tamaiti i mua i te whakautu i ngā pātai mai i te whānau me ngā hoa.

Ki te pēpi ahau he ure whakairo, āta koutou manukanuka ki te heke mai o te pēpi. Ka taea e ngā tohunga hauora hinengaro te āwhina i a koutou ki te whakahaere i tēnei rerekētanga i kore ai koutou e tumanako. Tena ui atu ki te tohunga hauora o tō tamaiti mō te tohutohu ki tetahi tohunga hauora hinengaro he wheako tōna ki te āwhina i te iwi kei roto i tō koutou āhuatanga. Ka kite pea hoki koutou he whai hua te whakauru atu ki tētahi rōpū tautoko, ahakoa te kanohi ki te kanohi, te ipurangi rānei. Ka kite pea tō tamaiti he whai hua te whakarongo tonu a ngā tohunga hauora hinengaro, ā, ka whiriwhiri pea ia ki te whakauru atu ki ngā rōpū tautoko kia tae ra ano ki te pakeketanga. Ko te kore e mōhio ki te ira tangata o tō kamo pēpi i te wa poto pea ka huri i te whakanui i tumanakohia ki te wā raruraru. Ka taea e tō rōpū hauora te homai ki a koutou ngā whakahōutanga me ngā mōhiohio kia tere rawa. Ka taea hoki e rātou te whakautu i ngā pūrongo me te kōrero ki a koutou mō te hauora o tō tamaiti. Whakaarohia te tatari ki te mahi i tētahi whakamōhiotanga whaimana o te whānau tae noa ki te oti o te whakamātautau me te hanga i tētahi mahere me ngā tohutohu mai i tō rōpū hauora. Homai ki a koutou anō ētahi wā hei ako me te whakaaroaro ki te āhuatanga o tō tamaiti i mua i te whakautu i ngā pūrongo mai i te whānau me ngā hoa.