He aha te Raru o te Matauranga Auti? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te Raru o te Matauranga Auti (ASD) tētahi āhuatanga whanaketanga e pā ana ki te huarahi e whakawhitiwhiti korero ai te tangata, te hononga hapori, me te tukatuka i te ao e noho ana rātou. Kīia ana he "mata" nā te mea ka rerekē te whakaatu i ia tangata, ko ētahi ka hiahia atu ki te tautoko i te oranga o ia rā, ko ētahi atu ka noho motuhake.

Ko te kupu "mata" e whakaatu ana i te whānuitanga o ngā wheako o te hunga auti. Ka mōhio pea koe ki tētahi e kōrero pai ana, ā, e tino pai ana te mahi ako, engari ko tētahi atu ka kore e kōrero, ā, ka hiahia ki te awhina i ngā mahi o ia rā. He wāhanga tika ngā wheako e rua o te mata auti.

He aha te Raru o te Matauranga Auti?

Ko te Raru o te Matauranga Auti tētahi āhuatanga whanaketanga neuro e tīmata ana i te tamarikitanga, ā, ka roa te ora. E pā ana ki te huarahi e tukatuka ai tō roro ngā korero hapori, te whakawhitiwhiti korero, me ngā wheako pūāhua mai i te ao e noho ana koe.

Whakaarohia te auti hei huarahi rerekē ki te wheako me te mahi tahi me te ao. He kaha motuhake te hunga auti, me ngā wāhi e hiahia ana rātou ki te tautoko. He tokomaha te tino pai i ngā wāhi penei i te kitenga tauira, te aro ki ngā kōrero, te whakaaro motuhake rānei.

Ka puta te āhuatanga i te tamarikitanga, i te tau rua, toru rānei, ahakoa ka kitea etahi tohu i mua atu. Ka taea e te mohiotanga me te tautoko wawe te whakarereke i te oranga o te hunga auti.

He aha ngā tohu o te Raru o te Matauranga Auti?

E rua ngā wāhi nui o ngā tohu auti: ngā wero whakawhitiwhiti korero hapori me ngā whāinga whakahoki, te hiahia nui rānei. Ka rereke enei tohu mai i te ngawari ki te nui atu, koia te take i kiia ai he mata.

Koinei ngā tohu whakawhitiwhiti korero hapori noa ka kitea pea e koe:

• Te uaua ki te kōrero haere mai, te kōrero hapori rānei
• Ngā wero ki te mārama ki ngā tohu kore-waha penei i ngā āhua kanohi, te reo tinana rānei
• Te uaua ki te whakawhanake me te pupuri i ngā hononga hoa e tika ana mō tō rātou tau
• Te iti o te hononga kanohi, te tauira hononga kanohi rerekē rānei
• Te whakaroa o te whanaketanga reo, te tauira kōrero rerekē rānei
• Te uaua ki te whakapuaki i ngā kare a roto, ngā hiahia rānei ki ētahi atu
• Ngā wero ki te takaro whakaaro, ngā mahi whakaata rānei

Kāore enei rerekētanga whakawhitiwhiti korero e whakaatu ana kaore te tangata auti e hiahia ki te hono atu ki ētahi atu. He maha tonu, engari ka hiahia pea rātou ki ngā huarahi rerekē, te wā roa rānei ki te hanga hononga.

Ko ngā whāinga whakahoki me ngā hiahia aro nui e whakauru ana:

• Ngā nekehanga whakahoki penei i te patupatu ringa, te wiri, te hurihuri rānei
• Te aro nui ki ngā kaupapa motuhake, ngā mea rānei
• Te hiahia nui mō ngā mahi, te uaua ki ngā huringa rānei
• Ngā whakautu rerekē ki ngā oro, ngā pūāhua, ngā mārama rānei, ngā whakauru pūāhua atu rānei
• Te whakarārangi i ngā taonga, ngā mea rānei i roto i ngā tauira motuhake
• Te whakahoki i ngā kupu, ngā rāpoi rānei (e kiia ana ko te echolalia)
• Te whakau i ngā wāhanga o ngā mea, kāore i te mea katoa

He maha ngā kaupapa nui o enei whāinga, penei i te awhina i te tangata kia mārama, te whakahaere rānei i ngā āhuatanga nui. Ka taea e te mārama ki ēnei te awhina i a koe ki te whakautu me te manawanui me te tautoko.

He maha ngā tangata auti e wheako ana i ngā rerekētanga tukatuka pūāhua. Ka tino pāngia pea rātou e etahi oro, pūāhua, mārama rānei, ka rapu rānei rātou i ngā wheako pūāhua nui penei i te pehanga hohonu, te hurihuri rānei.

He aha ngā momo o te Raru o te Matauranga Auti?

Ko te auti inaianei he āhuatanga kotahi me ngā taumata tautoko rerekē, kāore i ngā momo motuhake. Engari, ka rongo pea koe i ngā kupu tawhito i whakamahia e ngā tākuta i mua i te mārama ki te auti hei mata.

E toru ngā taumata tautoko e whakaatu ana i te pūnaha o nāianei:

• Taumata 1 ("E hiahia ana ki te tautoko"): Ngā tangata e kōrero ana, e noho motuhake ana, engari e hiahia ana ki te awhina i ngā āhuatanga hapori me te whakarite ki ngā huringa
• Taumata 2 ("E hiahia ana ki te tautoko nui"): Ngā tangata he nui ake ngā wero whakawhitiwhiti korero, ā, e hiahia ana ki te awhina i ngā mahi o ia rā
• Taumata 3 ("E hiahia ana ki te tautoko tino nui"): Ngā tangata he nui ngā wero whakawhitiwhiti korero me te noho o ia rā, ā, e hiahia ana ki te tautoko whānui

Ka rongo pea koe i ngā kupu tawhito penei i te mate Asperger, te PDD-NOS rānei (Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified). Ko ēnei katoa inaianei he wāhanga o te mata auti, ahakoa ka whakamahi tonu etahi i ēnei kupu ki te whakaatu i ō rātou wheako.

Kia mahara ka taea te whakarereke i ngā hiahia tautoko i te wā, i ngā āhuatanga rerekē rānei. Ka hiahia pea te tangata ki te tautoko atu i ngā wā raruraru, te tautoko iti rānei i te wā e whakawhanake ana rātou i ngā rautaki whakahaere.

He aha ngā take o te Raru o te Matauranga Auti?

E whakaatu ana te auti i te whakakotahitanga o ngā take ira me ngā taiao, ahakoa kei te mahi tonu ngā kairangahau ki te mārama ki ngā kōrero katoa. Ko te mea e mōhio ana tatou, kāore i te puta mai i ngā āhuatanga mātauranga, ngā werohanga rānei.

He nui te wāhi o te ira i te whanaketanga auti. Mēnā he tamaiti kotahi tōu e auti ana, he 10-20% pea te tupono ka auti hoki tētahi teina. Ko te whai mātua pakeke, te matua tane neke atu i te 40 tau, ka piki ake te tupono.

E hono ana etahi āhuatanga ira ki ngā reiti auti teitei, tae atu ki:

• Te mate Fragile X
• Te mate Tuberous sclerosis
• Te mate Rett
• Etahi rerekētanga karōmio

Ka taea hoki e ngā take taiao i te wā hapu te whai wāhi, ahakoa kei te whanaketanga tonu te rangahau. Ka taea e ēnei te whakauru i ētahi rongoā, mate, āhuatanga rānei i te wā hapu, i te whānau rānei.

He mea nui kia mōhio kāore te auti i te puta mai i te mamae ngakau, te mātauranga kino, ngā werohanga rānei. Kua whakaatu tonu te rangahau whānui kua ora, kāore hoki e puta te auti i ngā werohanga.

Nōhea te haere ki te tākuta mō te Raru o te Matauranga Auti?

Me kōrero koe ki te tākuta o tō tamaiti mēnā ka kite koe i ngā tohu auti, ā, ina koa ki te kore tō tamaiti e tutuki i ngā tohu whanaketanga noa. Ka taea e te aromatawai me te tautoko wawe te whakarereke i te oranga o tō tamaiti.

Whakapa atu ki tō tākuta tamariki mēnā ka whakaatu tō tamaiti i ēnei tohu wawe:

• Kāore e whakautu ki tōna ingoa i te 12 marama
• Kāore e tohu, e oho rānei i te 12 marama
• Kāore e kōrero i ngā kupu kotahi i te 16 marama
• Kāore e takaro i ngā kēmu whakaaro ngāwari i te 18 marama
• Kāore e whakamahi i ngā rāpoi e rua i te 24 marama
• Te ngaro o te reo, ngā pūkenga hapori rānei i tetahi tau

Mō ngā tāngata pakeke e whakaaro ana pea kei runga rātou i te mata auti, whakaarohia te kōrero ki tētahi kaiwhakarato hauora mēnā kua uaua tonu koe ki te whakawhitiwhiti korero hapori, he hiahia nui tō, te hiahia rānei ki ngā mahi tika kia mārama.

He maha ngā tāngata pakeke e kite ana kei te auti rātou i muri mai i te ora, ina koa ngā wāhine, i ngaro pea rātou i ngā whakatau ā-tamarikitanga. Kāore he rohe tau mō te aromatawai mēnā e whakaaro ana koe ka taea te awhina i a koe ki te mārama pai ake ki a koe.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te Raru o te Matauranga Auti?

He maha ngā take ka piki ake te tūpono o te auti, ahakoa ko te whai take morearea kāore e whakaatu ana ka whanake te āhuatanga. Ka taea e te mārama ki ēnei take te awhina i te mohiotanga wawe me te tautoko.

Ko ngā take morearea nui e whakauru ana:

• Te hītori whānau: Ko te whai teina, mātua rānei e auti ana ka piki ake te tupono
• Ngā āhuatanga ira: Etahi mate ira penei i te mate Fragile X
• Te tau o ngā mātua: Ngā mātua pakeke, te matua tane neke atu i te 40 tau
• Te whānau wawe: Te whānau i mua i te 35 wiki
• Te taumaha whānau iti: Ngā pepe i raro i te 5.5 pauna te taumaha i te whānau
• Te ira tangata: E wha wā teitei ake te whakatau i ngā tamaiti kāore i ngā kōhine

Ka taea hoki e etahi take e pā ana ki te hapu te piki ake i te morearea, ahakoa kei te haere tonu te rangahau. Ka whakauruhia ēnei ki ētahi mate i te wā hapu, te tango i ētahi rongoā, te whai āhuatanga hapu rānei.

He mea tika te kōrero kaore i te whakatau tika ngā kōhine me ngā wāhine nā te mea ka rerekē te ahua o te auti i ngā wāhine. Ka taea pea e rātou te huna pai ake i ō rātou tohu, te whai hiahia rānei e tino noa ana.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te Raru o te Matauranga Auti?

Ahakoa kāore te auti i te mate kino, ka pa pea ngā tāngata kei runga i te mata ki ētahi wero e hiahia ana ki te aro me te tautoko. Ka taea e te mārama ki ēnei raruraru pea te awhina i a koe ki te mataara me te rapu awhina.

Ko ngā wero noa ka puta mai e whakauru ana:

• Ngā take hauora hinengaro: Ngā reiti teitei o te awangawanga, te pouri, te ADHD rānei
• Ngā raruraru moe: Te uaua ki te moe, te moe tonu rānei
• Ngā take pūnaha kai: Te ruaki, ngā mate kai, ngā wero kai rānei
• Ngā hopu: E 25% pea o te hunga auti e whanake ana i te mate hopu
• Te nui o te pūāhua: Te pāngia e ngā oro, ngā mārama, ngā pūāhua rānei
• Ngā whāinga whakamomori: Te patu i te ulu, te patu, te ngau rānei i a rātou ano i te wā pouri

Ka taea hoki te puta mai ngā wero hapori me ngā wero mātauranga, tae atu ki te uaua ki te hanga hoa, te tukino, te uaua rānei i ngā āhuatanga kura noa. Engari, me te tautoko tika me te mārama, ka taea te whakahaere pai i ēnei wero.

He maha ngā tāngata auti e whai ana i ngā mate hinengaro, ko ētahi atu he mohio noa, teitei ake rānei. He motuhake te whakakotahitanga o ngā kaha me ngā wero o ia tangata, koia te take i tino nui ai te tautoko motuhake.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te Raru o te Matauranga Auti?

Ko te whakatau auti e whakauru ana i te aromatawai whānui e ngā tohunga whakangungu e tirotiro ana i ngā āhuatanga whānau me te whanaketanga. Kāore he whakamātautau hauora kotahi mō te auti, koia te take e whakawhirinaki ana te whakatau ki te tirotiro me te aromatawai.

Ko te tukanga whakatau e whakauru ana i ngā kaupae maha. Tuatahi, ka ui tō tākuta i ngā pūrongo taipitopito mō te whanaketanga, te whāinga, te hītori whānau rānei. Ka hiahia rātou ki te mōhio mō ngā tohu wawe, ngā whāinga o nāianei, ngā āwangawanga rānei kua kitea e koe.

Ko ngā aromatawai tohunga e whakauru ana:

• Te aromatawai whanaketanga: Te whakamātautau i ngā pūkenga whakawhitiwhiti korero, hapori, mohio rānei
• Te tirotiro whāinga: Te matakitaki i te huarahi e takaro ai tō tamaiti, te mahi tahi rānei
• Te whakamātautau hauora: Te whakakore i ētahi atu āhuatanga, te tirotiro rānei mō ngā take hauora e hono ana
• Ngā whakamātautau rongohanga me te kite: Te whakarite kāore ngā take pūāhua e puta mai ana i ngā whakaroa whanaketanga
• Te whakamātautau ira: Ka tūtohutia etahi wā ki te tirotiro mō ngā āhuatanga e hono ana

Ka taea e te rōpū aromatawai te whakauru i tētahi tākuta tamariki whanaketanga, tohunga hinengaro tamariki, tohunga reo, tohunga mahi rānei. Ka kawea mai e ia tohunga ngā mātauranga rerekē ki te hanga i tētahi whakaahua whānui.

Mō ngā tāngata pakeke e rapu ana i te whakatau, he rite te tukanga, engari e aro ana ki te mahi o nāianei me te hītori tamarikitanga. He maha ngā tāngata pakeke e kite ana he awhina te kawea mai i ngā mema whānau i mōhio ki a rātou i te wā tamariki ki te whakarato i ngā korero whanaketanga.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te Raru o te Matauranga Auti?

Kāore he rongoā mō te auti, engari he maha ngā rongoā me ngā tautoko ka taea te awhina i te hunga ki te whakawhanake pūkenga me te whakahaere i ngā wero. Ko te huarahi pai he motuhake, e aro ana ki ngā kaha me ngā hiahia motuhake o ia tangata.

Ko ngā ratonga whakauru wawe mō ngā tamariki iti e whakauru ana:

• Te Tātari Whāinga Whakamahia (ABA): Te whakaako i ngā pūkenga hou me te whakaiti i ngā whāinga wero
• Te rongoā reo: Te whakapai ake i ngā pūkenga whakawhitiwhiti korero, ahakoa te reo waha, te reo kore-waha rānei
• Te rongoā mahi: Te whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga noho o ia rā me te whakahaere i ngā take pūāhua
• Te whakangungu pūkenga hapori: Te ako ki te mahi tahi me te whakawhitiwhiti korero ki ētahi atu
• Ngā ratonga mātauranga motuhake: Te tautoko ako motuhake i ngā āhuatanga kura

Mō ētahi tāngata, ka taea e ngā rongoā te awhina i te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga e hono ana penei i te awangawanga, te pouri, te ADHD rānei. Engari, kāore he rongoā e whakaora ana i te auti.

Ka taea hoki te whai hua ngā huarahi atu penei i te rongoā waiata, te rongoā toi, te rongoā kararehe rānei mō ētahi tāngata. Ko te mea nui ko te kimi i te mea pai mō ia tangata.

He mea nui te tautoko mō ngā whānau. Ka taea e ngā kaupapa whakangungu mātua, ngā rōpū tautoko, te tiaki wā rānei te awhina i ngā whānau ki te whakahaere i ngā wero me te whakanui i ngā angitu tahi.

Me pēhea te whakarato tautoko kāinga mō te Raru o te Matauranga Auti?

Ka taea e te hanga i tētahi taiao kāinga tautoko te whakarereke i te oranga o te tangata auti kia mārama, kia angitu rānei. He maha ngā whakarereketanga iti me ngā huarahi mau tonu e hua pai ana.

He maha ngā wāhi whakarite me ngā mahi e awhina ana i te hunga auti. Whakamātauria te pupuri i ngā kaupapa o ia rā mau tonu, te whakamahi i ngā kaupapa tirohanga, ngā karere rānei, te whakarite hoki mō ngā huringa i mua atu.

Koinei ngā huarahi mahi ki te tautoko i te tangata auti i te kāinga:

• Te hanga wāhi mārama: Te whakarite wāhi mārama ka taea te hoki atu ki te wā e nui rawa ana
• Te whakahaere i ngā whakauru pūāhua: Te whakarite i te mārama, te whakaiti i te haruru, te whakarato rānei i ngā taputapu pūāhua penei i ngā taonga wiri
• Te whakamahi i te whakawhitiwhiti korero mārama: Te hoatu i ngā tohutohu tika, ngāwari, te tuku wā whakaaro rānei
• Te whakanui i ngā hiahia: Te whakatenatena me te whakauru i ō rātou hiahia motuhake ki te ako me ngā mahi
• Te hanga i ngā kaha: Te aro ki te mea e pai ana rātou, te whakamahi rānei i aua pūkenga ki te whakaoti i ngā wero
• Te pupuri i te manawanui: Te tuku wā atu mō ngā huringa me ngā mahi hou

Kia mahara ko ngā whāinga wero e whakaatu ana i ngā hiahia, ngā kare rānei. I te wā e aro ana ki te mutu i te whāinga, whakamātauria te mārama ki te mea e ngana ana tō hoa aroha ki te kōrero ki a koe.

He mea nui te tiaki i a koe. Rapua te tautoko mai i ētahi atu whānau, tangohia ngā okiokinga i te wā e hiahiatia ana, whakanuia hoki ngā angitu iti i te huarahi.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui tākuta?

Ko te haere ki ngā hui hauora e whakarite ana ka taea te whiwhi i ngā korero me te tautoko tino awhina. Ka taea e te whakarite iti te whakarite i ēnei kōrero kia hua ake, kia iti ake te pāngia.

I mua i tō hui, kohikohia ngā korero nui mō te whanaketanga me ngā whāinga. Tuhia ngā tauira motuhake o te mea kua kitea e koe, tae atu ki te wā e puta mai ana ngā whāinga, te mea rānei ka whakaoho i a rātou.

Kawea mai ēnei mea ki tō hui:

• Te hītori whanaketanga: Ngā tuhi mō te wā i tutuki ai (kāore rānei) ngā tohu
• Ngā tauira whāinga: Ngā tauira motuhake o ngā whāinga awangawanga, ngā whāinga rongonui rānei
• Te hītori hauora whānau: Ngā korero mō te auti, ngā āhuatanga e hono ana rānei i te whānau
• Ngā rongoā o nāianei: Rārangi o ngā rongoā, ngā taapiri rānei e tangohia ana
• Ngā ripoata kura: Ngā tirohanga, ngā aromatawai rānei a te kaiako mēnā e wātea ana
• Ngā aromatawai o mua: Ngā whakamātautau, ngā aromatawai rānei kua oti

Whakaritea ō pūrongo i mua atu. Ka hiahia pea koe ki te ui mō ngā ratonga e wātea ana, te mea e tumanakohia ana mai i ngā aromatawai, te huarahi rānei ki te whiwhi tautoko i tō hapori.

Mēnā kei te kawea mai e koe tō tamaiti, whakaarohia te whakarite i te hui i te wā pai o tō rātou rā. Kawea mai ngā mea whakamārama, ngā mahi rānei ka taea te awhina i a rātou kia mārama ake i te wā haerenga.

He aha te mea nui mō te Raru o te Matauranga Auti?

Ko te Raru o te Matauranga Auti he āhuatanga whanaketanga ora roa e pā ana ki ia tangata, engari me te tautoko tika me te mārama, ka taea e te hunga auti te ora pai. Ko te mea nui ko te mohio kāore te auti hei whakaora, engari he huarahi rerekē ki te wheako i te ao.

Ka taea e te mohiotanga me te whakauru wawe te whakarereke i te oranga, engari kāore i te wā roa rawa te rapu tautoko, te whakatau rānei. Ahakoa he mātua koe e kite ana i ngā tohu i tō tamaiti, tētahi pakeke rānei e whakaaro ana mōu, ko te toro atu mō te aratohu tohunga he taahiraa pai tonu.

Kia mahara kei te auti ngā wero me ngā kaha. He maha ngā tāngata auti he kaha motuhake i ngā wāhi penei i te kitenga tauira, te aro ki ngā kōrero, te mohio hohonu rānei ki ō rātou hiahia. Ka whai hua te hapori i te wā e tautoko ana tatou i te hunga auti ki te whakamahi i ō rātou pūkenga motuhake.

Ko te mea nui ko te whakatūpato ki te auti me te manawanui, te mārama, te whakaae rānei. Ko ia tangata auti e tika ana ki te whakaute, te tautoko, te wā rānei ki te tutuki i tōna kaha motuhake.

Ngā pūrongo e ui ana mō te Raru o te Matauranga Auti

Ka taea te aukati i te auti?

I tēnei wā, kāore he huarahi e mohiotia ana ki te aukati i te auti nā te mea e whakaatu ana i ngā take ira me ngā taiao uaua kāore ano kia tino mārama. Engari, ka taea e te whakauru me te tautoko wawe te whakarereke i ngā hua me te kounga o te ora mō te hunga auti.

E puta ana te auti i ngā werohanga?

Kāore, kāore te auti e puta mai i ngā werohanga. Kua arotakehia tenei e ngā kairangahau puta noa te ao, a he maha ngā rangahau nui kāore i kitea he hononga i waenganui i ngā werohanga me te auti. He ora, he mea nui hoki ngā werohanga ki te aukati i ngā mate kino.

Ka taea e te hunga auti te noho motuhake?

He maha ngā tāngata auti e taea ana, e noho ana hoki motuhake, e mahi ana, e whai hononga ana, e whai wāhi ana ki ō rātou hapori. He rerekē te taumata o te motuhake e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā kaha o ia tangata, ngā wero, te tautoko rānei e wātea ana ki a rātou.

He maha ake te auti i nāianei i mua?

Kua piki haere te whakatau auti i ngā tekau tau kua pahure, engari koinei pea te whakaatu i te mohiotanga pai ake, ngā tikanga whakatau pai ake, te wātea atu rānei ki ngā ratonga aromatawai, kāore i te piki pono o te āhuatanga. He maha ngā tāngata i ngaro pea i mua i te whakatau tika me te tautoko inaianei.

Ka taea te whakapai ake i ngā tohu auti i te wā?

Ae, he maha ngā tāngata auti e whakawhanake ana i ngā rautaki whakahaere me ngā pūkenga pai ake i te wā, ina koa me te tautoko tika me te whakauru. Ahakoa he āhuatanga ora roa te auti, ka taea e te hunga te ako ki te whakahaere pai ake i ngā wero me te hanga i ō rātou kaha i te wā e tipu ana, e whanake ana rānei.