He aha te Rōpū Aortic Bicuspid? Ngā Tōmhanga, Ngā Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te rōpū aortic bicuspid he āhuatanga o te ngakau kei reira e rua ngā rau o tō rōpū aortic, ehara i te toru noa. Koinei te ngoikoretanga o te ngakau whānau tino noa, e pā ana ki te 1-2% o te taupori. Ahakoa he tokomaha ngā tāngata e ora ana i te oranga noa me tēnei āhuatanga, ka taea e ia te whakaeke i ngā raruraru i te wā e koroheke haere ana koe, koia tētahi take nui kia mārama koe ki a ia mō tō hauora.

He aha te Rōpū Aortic Bicuspid?

Ko tō rōpū aortic te mahi pera i te tatau kotahi-ara i waenganui i te ruma pupuhi matua o tō ngakau me te uaua nui rawa atu o tō tinana. I te nuinga, he toru ngā wahi tapawha e kiia nei ko ngā rau e tuwhera ana, e kati ana i ia whiu ngakau. Ki te rōpū aortic bicuspid, ka whānau koe me ngā rau e rua anake, ehara i te toru.

Whakaarohia te mea he tatau e rua ngā panera, ehara i te toru. Ahakoa ka taea tonu te mahi o te whakahaere i te rere o te toto, ehara te hanganga i te rite ki te mea kei te nuinga o te iwi. Ka pā tēnei rerekētanga o te ahua ki te pai o te mahi a te rōpū i te wā.

Kei te noho tēnei āhuatanga mai i te whānautanga, arā, ka whānau i te wā kei te kopu koe. Kāore te nuinga o te iwi e mōhio ana kei a rātou tae noa ki ngā whakamātautau hauora noa, ki te whakaeke rātou i ngā tōmhanga i muri mai i te ora.

He aha ngā Tōmhanga o te Rōpū Aortic Bicuspid?

Kāore te tokomaha o ngā tāngata e whai rōpū aortic bicuspid e pā ana ki tetahi tōmhanga, ina koa i te tamarikitanga me te taitamarikitanga. Ki te puta mai ngā tōmhanga, ka whakaeke haeretia i te wā e ngoikore haere ana te rōpū i te wā.

Ko ēnei ngā tōmhanga tino noa ka kitea e koe:

• Te mamae puku, te kore ngāwari rānei, ina koa i te wā e mahi tinana ana
• Te poto o te manawa i te wā e whakakori tinana ana, i te wā e takoto kau ana rānei
• Te ngenge, te ngoikore rānei i te wā e mahi ana i ngā mahi noa
• Te wiri, te ngoikore rānei, ina koa i te wā e whakakori ana
• Ngā whiu ngakau, te kore rānei o te whiu ngakau
• Te pupū i ō waewae, ō turi, ō waewae rānei

Ka whakaeketia ngā tōmhanga i te wā e ngoikore ana te rōpū, e rere ana rānei te toto. Ko te rongo pai, ka whakaeke haeretia ngā tōmhanga, ka hoatu he wā ki a koe, ki tō tākuta rānei ki te tirotiro, ki te whakarite rānei i te maimoatanga mēnā e hiahiatia ana.

He aha ngā Momo o te Rōpū Aortic Bicuspid?

Ka whakarōpū ngā tākuta i ngā rōpū aortic bicuspid i runga i te āhua o te whakarite o ngā rau e rua, me te kōpū e hono tahi ana. Ko te momo tino noa ko te hononga o ngā kōpū koroni matau me te maui, e puta ana i te 70-85% o ngā take.

Ko te momo tuarua ko te hononga o te kōpū koroni matau me te kōpū kore-koroni. Ka puta tēnei i te 15-30% o ngā tāngata e whai ana i tēnei āhuatanga. Kāore i te tino noa, ka taea e koe te hono o te kōpū koroni maui me te kōpū kore-koroni.

Ahakoa ka kitea he uaua ngā kōrero hangarau, ko te mea nui ko te pai o te mahi a tō rōpū. Ka taea e tō kaitātari ngakau te whakatau i tō momo mā ngā whakamātautau whakaahua, ka whakamārama i te tikanga mō tō āhuatanga motuhake.

He aha ngā Take o te Rōpū Aortic Bicuspid?

Ko te rōpū aortic bicuspid he āhuatanga whānau, arā, ka whānau i te wā e whānau ana te pēpi. Kāore i te tino mārama te take, engari e whakapono ana ngā kairangahau he hua nā ngā mahi uaua i waenganui i ngā take ira me ngā take taiao.

He nui te wāhi o te ira i tēnei āhuatanga. Ki te whai koe i te rōpū aortic bicuspid, he 10% te tūponotanga o ō whānau tata (mātua, teina, tamariki rānei) ka whai ano hoki. He nui ake tēnei i te tūponotanga o te taupori whānui o te 1-2%.

E hono ana etahi mate ira ki te rōpū aortic bicuspid, tae atu ki te mate Turner, te mate Marfan, me ētahi mate hononga. Heoi, kāore te nuinga o ngā tāngata e whai rōpū aortic bicuspid e whai i ēnei āhuatanga atu.

Ka taea hoki e ngā take taiao i te wā hapu te whakauru, ahakoa kāore i te tino kitea ngā whakaoho motuhake. Ko te mea nui kia mārama koe, kāore tetahi mea i mahi koe, i ō mātua rānei i whakaeke i tēnei āhuatanga – ko te āhua noa o te whānautanga o tō ngakau i mua i te whānautanga.

Nōhea te Tiro ki te Tākuta mō te Rōpū Aortic Bicuspid?

Me tiro atu koe ki te tākuta mēnā ka pā atu koe ki tetahi tōmhanga e āhei ana te whakaatu i ngā raruraru o te ngakau, ahakoa he ngawari noa i te tīmatanga. Ka taea e te kitenga wawe me te tirotiro te whakapai ake i te whakahaere i tēnei āhuatanga.

Whakapa atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mēnā ka kite koe i te mamae puku, te poto o te manawa, te ngenge, te wiri, te whiu ngakau rānei. Me arotake ngā tōmhanga, ina koa mēnā ka puta i te wā e mahi tinana ana, e kino haere ana rānei i te wā.

Mēnā he hītori whānau koe o te rōpū aortic bicuspid, tetahi atu āhuatanga ngakau whānau rānei, kōrero atu ki tō tākuta i ngā tirotiro noa. Ka taea e rātou te tūtohutia ngā whakamātautau tātaritanga penei i te echocardiogram hei tirotiro i te hanganga me te mahi o tō ngakau.

Mō te hunga kua whakatauhia te rōpū aortic bicuspid, he mea nui ngā hui whakarite. Ka whakatau tō kaitātari ngakau i te maha o ngā tirotiro e hiahiatia ana e koe i runga i te pai o te mahi a tō rōpū.

He aha ngā Take Tūponotanga mō te Rōpū Aortic Bicuspid?

No te mea he āhuatanga whānau te rōpū aortic bicuspid, kāore ngā take tūponotanga noa penei i ngā whiringa oranga e whakamahitia ana i te āhua rite ki ētahi atu āhuatanga o te ngakau. Heoi, ka taea e ētahi take te whakapiki ake i tō tūponotanga ki te whai i tēnei āhuatanga, ki te whakaeke rānei i ngā raruraru.

Ko te take tūponotanga tino kaha ko te whai i te hītori whānau o te rōpū aortic bicuspid, tetahi atu ngoikoretanga ngakau whānau rānei. He nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā tāne ki te whai i tēnei āhuatanga i ngā wāhine, he 3:1 te tauwehenga.

Ka whakapiki ake etahi āhuatanga ira i tō tūponotanga, tae atu ki te mate Turner, te mate Marfan, me te mate Ehlers-Danlos. Mēnā kei a koe tētahi o ēnei āhuatanga, ka tino tirotirohia e tō tākuta te rōpū aortic bicuspid.

Ka waiho te tau hei take tūponotanga mō ngā raruraru, ehara i te mea mō te whai i te āhuatanga. I te wā e koroheke haere ana koe, ka taea e te hanganga rōpū koretake te arahi ki ngā raruraru penei i te stenosis, te regurgitation rānei, ka puta ake i ō tau 40, 50, 60 rānei.

He aha ngā Raruraru Ka Taea o te Rōpū Aortic Bicuspid?

Ahakoa he tokomaha ngā tāngata e whai rōpū aortic bicuspid e ora ana i te oranga noa, ka taea e tēnei āhuatanga te arahi ki ngā raruraru i te wā. Ko te mārama ki ēnei wāhi ka āwhina i a koe ki te noho mohio, ki te mahi tahi rānei me tō rōpū hauora ki te aukati, ki te whakahaere rānei i a rātou.

Ko ēnei ngā raruraru tino noa:

• Aortic stenosis – ka ngoikore te rōpū, ka ārai i te rere o te toto
• Aortic regurgitation – ka rere te toto, ka hoki whakamuri te toto
• Te whānui o te pakiaka aortic – ka nui ake te uaua nui e puta ana i tō ngakau
• Endocarditis – te mate o te rōpū ngakau
• Te kore o te ngakau – i te wā kaore e taea e tō ngakau te pupuhi toto
• Arrhythmias – ngā whiu ngakau koretake

Me arotake motuhake te whānui o te pakiaka aortic, no te mea ka taea te puta ahakoa kei te mahi pai te rōpū. Ka taea e tēnei whānui o te aorta te arahi ki ngā raruraru kino penei i te wehewehe aortic, ahakoa he mea onge tēnei.

Ko te rongo pai, ka taea e te tirotiro noa te awhina i te kite wawe i ēnei raruraru, i te wā e taea ana te rongoa. Ka whakaeke haeretia te nuinga o ngā raruraru i ngā tau, i ngā tekau tau rānei, ka hoatu he wā ki a koe, ki tō rōpū hauora rānei ki te whakarite i ngā whakauru e tika ana.

Me pēhea te Whakatau i te Rōpū Aortic Bicuspid?

Ko te whakatau i te rōpū aortic bicuspid ka tīmata ki tō tākuta e whakarongo ana ki tō ngakau mā te stethoscope. He tokomaha ngā tāngata e whai ana i tēnei āhuatanga e whai ana i te ngākau ngākau – he oro atu e puta ana i te wā e rere ana te toto i roto i te rōpū koretake.

Mēnā ka whakaaro tō tākuta he raruraru rōpū ngakau, ka tono pea rātou i te echocardiogram. Ko tēnei whakamātautau ultrasound kore mamae e hanga ana i ngā whakaahua taipitopito o tō ngakau, ka whakaatu i te āhua me te mahi o tō rōpū. Koinei te whakamātautau tino nui mō te whakatau i te rōpū aortic bicuspid.

Ka taea e ngā whakamātautau atu te whakauru i te electrocardiogram (ECG) hei tirotiro i te mahi hiko o tō ngakau, te X-ray uma rānei hei kite i te rahi me te āhua o tō ngakau. I ētahi wā, ka taea e tō tākuta te tūtohutia ngā whakaahua matatau ake penei i te MRI ngakau, te CT scan rānei.

Mēnā kei a koe te rōpū aortic bicuspid, ka hiahia ano hoki tō tākuta ki te tirotiro i te whānui o te aorta. Ko te tikanga ko te whakaahua i te aorta katoa hei tirotiro i tetahi whānui pea e hiahia ana ki te tirotiro, ki te maimoatanga rānei.

He aha te Maimoatanga mō te Rōpū Aortic Bicuspid?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te rōpū aortic bicuspid e whakawhirinaki ana ki te pai o te mahi a tō rōpū, me te pānga rānei o ngā tōmhanga. He tokomaha ngā tāngata e whai ana i ngā rōpū mahi pai e hiahia ana noa ki te tirotiro, kāore he maimoatanga tika.

Mō te hunga e whai ana i ngā raruraru rōpū ngawari, kāore hoki he tōmhanga, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i te whakaaro "tūmanako." Ko te tikanga ko ngā tirotiro noa me ngā echocardiograms hei tirotiro i te mahi o tō rōpū i te wā.

Ki te whakaeke ngā tōmhanga, ki te ngoikore rawa rānei te mahi rōpū, ko ēnei ngā whiringa maimoatanga:

• Ngā rongoā hei whakahaere i ngā tōmhanga, hei tiaki rānei i tō ngakau
• Balloon valvuloplasty – he tukanga hei whakatuwhera i te rōpū ngoikore
• Te whakatikatika rōpū pokanga mēnā e taea ana
• Te whakakapi rōpū pokanga mā ngā rōpū mīhini, te ora rānei
• Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) i ētahi take

Ka mahi tahi tō kaitātari ngakau ki a koe ki te whakatau i te huarahi maimoatanga pai rawa atu i runga i tō āhuatanga motuhake, tō tau, tō hauora whānui, me ō hiahia whaiaro. Ko te whāinga tonu ko te awhina i a koe ki te pupuri i te kounga ora pai rawa atu.

Me pēhea te Tiaki i a Koe me te Rōpū Aortic Bicuspid?

Ko te ora pai me te rōpū aortic bicuspid e whai ana i te noho mohio ki tō āhuatanga, me te whai i ngā tūtohu a tō tākuta. Ka taea e te nuinga o te iwi te pupuri i ngā oranga ora, hauora me te tiaki tika me te tirotiro.

Pupurihia ngā hui whakarite ngakau, ahakoa kei te pai koe. Ka āwhina ēnei hui i tō tākuta ki te aroturuki i ngā huringa i te mahi a tō rōpū, ki te hopu rānei i ngā raruraru pea i te tīmatanga. Kaua e ngaro ngā hui noa i te mea kei te pai koe.

Pupurihia te hauora niho pai, me whakamōhio atu ki tō kaitātari niho mō tō āhuatanga ngakau. Ahakoa he haumaru te nuinga o ngā mahi niho noa, ka taea e tō tākuta te tūtohutia ngā rongoā i mua i ētahi mahi niho hei aukati i te mate.

Noho mahi tinana i roto i ngā rohe e tūtohu ana tō kaitātari ngakau. He pai te whakakori tinana mō te hauora o te ngakau, engari pea ka hiahia koe ki te karo i ngā mahi tino kaha, i ngā hākinakina whakataetae rānei i runga i te mahi a tō rōpū.

Ora i te oranga hauora ngakau mā te kai i ngā kai kai, te pupuri i te taumaha hauora, te kore whakakā, me te whakahaere i te ahotea. He pai ēnei tikanga mō te katoa, engari he mea nui ina whai koe i te āhuatanga o te ngakau.

Me pēhea te Whakarite mō tō Hui Tākuta?

Ko te whakarite mō tō hui kaitātari ngakau e āwhina ana ki te whakarite kia whiwhi koe i te hua pai rawa atu i tō haerenga. Tīmata mā te tuhi i ngā tōmhanga katoa kua kitea e koe, ahakoa he iti noa, he kore hononga rānei ki tō ngakau.

Mauria he rārangi o ngā rongoā katoa e inu ana koe, tae atu ki ngā rongoā kore-tūtohu me ngā taapiri. Huihuia hoki ngā hua whakamātautau o mua, ngā rēkōti hauora rānei e pā ana ki tō āhuatanga ngakau mēnā kei te kite koe i tetahi tākuta hou.

Whakaritea ngā pūrongo mō tō āhuatanga, ngā whiringa maimoatanga, ngā herenga mahi, me te mea e tatari ana koe i te wā kei te heke mai. Kaua e whakaroa ki te ui atu ki tetahi mea e awangawanga ana koe – e hiahia ana tō tākuta ki te āwhina i a koe ki te mārama ki tō āhuatanga.

Whakaarohia te kawe mai i te mema whānau, te hoa rānei ki ngā hui nui. Ka taea e rātou te āwhina i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā kōrero, ki te whakarato rānei i te tautoko i te wā e kōrero ana mō ngā whiringa maimoatanga.

He aha te Tākutake Matua mō te Rōpū Aortic Bicuspid?

Ko te rōpū aortic bicuspid he āhuatanga e taea te whakahaere, e ora ana te tokomaha o ngā tāngata me te angitu i o rātou oranga. Ahakoa e hiahia ana ki te aro turuki hauora tonu, ka taea e te nuinga o ngā tāngata e whai ana i tēnei āhuatanga te koa ki ngā oranga noa, mahi me te tiaki tika me te tirotiro.

Ko te mea tino nui ka taea e koe ko te pupuri i te whai tonu ki te kaitātari ngakau e mārama ana ki tō āhuatanga. Ko te kitenga wawe o ngā huringa i te mahi rōpū e tuku ana i te whakauru tika i te wā e hiahiatia ana.

Kia mahara, kāore te whai rōpū aortic bicuspid e whakatau i tō oranga, e whakatau rānei i ō moemoea. Me ngā whakapainga hauora o nāianei me ngā whiringa maimoatanga, ka taea e ngā tāngata e whai ana i tēnei āhuatanga te tumanako i ngā hua pai me te kounga ora ina mahi tata rātou me tō rōpū hauora.

Ngā Pātai Nui e Uihia Ana mō te Rōpū Aortic Bicuspid

Ka taea e au te whakakori tinana me te rōpū aortic bicuspid?

Ka taea e te nuinga o ngā tāngata e whai rōpū aortic bicuspid te whakakori tinana haumaru, engari ko te kaha me te momo mahi e whakawhirinaki ana ki te pai o te mahi a tō rōpū. Mēnā kei te mahi pai tō rōpū, kāore hoki he tōmhanga, ka taea pea e koe te whai wāhi ki te nuinga o ngā mahi. Heoi, mēnā he raruraru nui tō rōpū, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta ki te karo i ngā hākinakina kaha, whakataetae rānei. Kōrero tonu ki tō kaitātari ngakau mō ō mahere whakakori tinana kia whiwhi koe i ngā tūtohu motuhake i runga i tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Me pokanga ahau mō tōku rōpū aortic bicuspid?

Kāore te katoa e whai rōpū aortic bicuspid e hiahia ana ki te pokanga. He tokomaha ngā tāngata e ora ana i o rātou oranga katoa mā te tirotiro anake. Ka hiahiatia te pokanga ina whakaeke te rōpū i ngā tōmhanga nui, ka ārai nui i te rere o te toto, ka tuku rānei i te nui o te toto ki te rere whakamuri. Ka arotake tika tō tākuta i te mahi a tō rōpū, ngā tōmhanga, me te hauora whānui kia whakatau mēnā, me te wā rānei e pai ana te pokanga. Ko te whakatau tonu he motuhake i runga i tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Ka taea te tuku i te rōpū aortic bicuspid ki ōku tamariki?

Ae, ka taea te tuku i te rōpū aortic bicuspid ki ngā whānau. Mēnā kei a koe tēnei āhuatanga, he 10% te tūponotanga o ia tamaiti ki te whai ano hoki, he nui ake tēnei i te tūponotanga o te taupori whānui. Heoi, ko te tikanga hoki tēnei he 90% te tūponotanga kāore rātou e whai. Ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta kia whai ngā whānau tata (tamariki, teina, mātua) i ngā echocardiograms tātaritanga hei tirotiro i tēnei āhuatanga, ina koa mēnā ka whakaeke rātou i ngā tōmhanga e pā ana ki te ngakau.

He aha te rerekētanga i waenganui i te rōpū aortic bicuspid me ētahi atu raruraru rōpū ngakau?

Ko te rōpū aortic bicuspid he rerekētanga hanganga i whānau koe, engari ka whakaeke haeretia ētahi atu raruraru rōpū i te wā na te koroheketanga, te mate, ētahi atu take rānei. He rua ngā rau o te rōpū bicuspid, ehara i te toru, e āhei ana ki ngā raruraru i te wā e koroheke haere ana koe. Ka taea e ētahi atu āhuatanga rōpū te whakauru i ngā rōpū toru-rau noa e pakaru ana, e mate ana rānei. Ka rite pea ngā huarahi maimoatanga, engari ka rerekē pea te take me te whakaeke.

Te maha o ngā hui whakarite e hiahiatia ana e au?

Ko te auau o te whakarite e whakawhirinaki ana ki te pai o te mahi a tō rōpū. Mēnā kei te mahi pai tō rōpū aortic bicuspid, pea ka hiahia koe ki ngā tirotiro i ia 2-3 tau. Mēnā he tohu kei te whakaeke ngā raruraru rōpū, pea ka hiahia tō tākuta ki te kite i a koe i ia tau, i te maha atu rānei. Ko te hunga e whai ana i te ngoikore rōpū nui pea ka hiahia ki te tirotiro i ia 6 marama. Ka hanga e tō kaitātari ngakau he kaupapa whakarite motuhake i runga i tō mahi rōpū motuhake me ētahi atu raruraru penei i te whānui o te aorta.