He aha te mate pukupuku whatukuhu? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ka puta te mate pukupuku whatukuhu ina tipu haere nga pūtau i roto i tō whatukuhu, ka hanga he ngā pūngāwerewere. Ko tō whatukuhu he kōpū kōhū i roto i tō pūkahukahu e pupuri ana i te mimi i mua i tō tukunga atu i waho o tō tinana.

He maha atu te mate pukupuku nei i to whakaaro pea, e pā ana ki te 80,000 o ngā Amerikana ia tau. Ko te rongo pai, ki te hopukina wawe, ka āwangawanga te mate pukupuku whatukuhu ki te maimoatanga. Ko te nuinga o te iwi ka kite tuatahi i te toto i roto i to rātou mimi, ka raru pea, engari ehara i te tikanga katoa te mate pukupuku.

He aha ngā tohu o te mate pukupuku whatukuhu?

Ko te toto i roto i tō mimi te tohu tuatahi tino noa o te mate pukupuku whatukuhu. Ka kite pea koe i te mimi kikorangi, whero, te tae kōpara ranei, ka kite pea tō tākuta i te toto i te whakamātautau noa ahakoa he noa te ahua o tō mimi.

I tua atu i te toto i roto i te mimi, ka pāngia pea koe e ētahi atu tohu e taea te tohu i te mate pukupuku whatukuhu:

• Te mimi pinepine, ina koa i te pō
• Te mamae, te tahuna ranei i te mimi
• Te hiahia ki te mimi wawe, ahakoa kāore i ki tonu tō whatukuhu
• Te uaua ki te mimi, te ngoikore ranei o te rere mimi
• Te mamae o te tuara i te taha kotahi
• Te mamae o te pūkahukahu
• Te ngaro o te taumaha kaore i whakamāramatia
• Te mamae o te wheua (i ngā keehi matatau)
• Te pupuhi o ō waewae (i ngā keehi matatau)

Ka tipu haere aua tohu, ka ngawari te pohehe ki ngā mate mimi, ki ētahi atu āhuatanga noa hoki. Koia te take me kite koe i tō tākuta ki te mau tonu ngā tohu, ki te hoki mai rānei i muri i te maimoatanga.

He aha ngā momo o te mate pukupuku whatukuhu?

Ka whakarōpū ngā tākuta i te mate pukupuku whatukuhu i runga i te momo pūtau e pā ana ki te mate pukupuku. Ko te momo tino noa ko te mate pukupuku urothelial, e tīmata ana i ngā pūtau e taupoki ana i roto i tō whatukuhu.

Ko te mate pukupuku urothelial te 90% o ngā mate pukupuku whatukuhu katoa. Ko ēnei pūtau i hangaia kia tō te whatukuhu ina ki, kia whakaitihia hoki ina kore. I etahi wa ka rongo koe i tenei e kiia ana ko te mate pukupuku pūtau whakawhiti.

Ko ngā momo iti ake ko te mate pukupuku pūtau squamous me te adenocarcinoma. Ka tipu haere te mate pukupuku pūtau squamous i muri i te mamae roa, te mate ranei i roto i tō whatukuhu. He onge te adenocarcinoma, ka tīmata i ngā pūtau e hanga ana i te mimi.

Ka whakarōpū hoki tō tākuta tō mate pukupuku hei mate pukupuku kore-uaua ranei, hei mate pukupuku uaua ranei. Ka noho tonu ngā mate pukupuku kore-uaua ki te paparanga o roto o tō whatukuhu, ā, he pai ake te hua. Kua tipu haere ngā mate pukupuku uaua ki te pakitara whatukuhu, ā, me te maimoatanga kaha ake.

He aha ngā take o te mate pukupuku whatukuhu?

Ka puta te mate pukupuku whatukuhu ina pakaru te DNA i roto i ngā pūtau whatukuhu, ka puta he tipu kore-mana. Ahakoa kāore tatou e mohio tonu ki te mea e whakaoho ana i tēnei huringa, he maha ngā take ka piki ake tō tūponotanga.

Ko te take matua ko te whakakā, e whakaatu ana ki te haurua o ngā mate pukupuku whatukuhu katoa. Ina whakakā koe, ka tomo ngā matū kino ki roto i tō toto, ka horoia atu mā ō whatukuhu ki roto i tō mimi. Ka noho ēnei matū i roto i tō whatukuhu, ka taea te pakaru i te paparanga i te wa roa.

Ko te whakamahinga o ngā matū i te wāhi mahi tetahi atu take nui. Ki te mahi koe me ētahi tae, rapa, kiri, peita, matū kakahu ranei, ka nui ake pea tō whakamahinga ki ngā matū e whakaoho ana i te mate pukupuku, e kiia ana ko ngā carcinogens.

Ko ētahi atu take ko ngā mate mimi roa, ētahi rongoā, te rongoā radiation ki tō pūkahukahu, me te inu wai kua whakapokeketia ki te arsenic. He rerekētanga ira hoki ētahi iwi e kaha ake ai te mate pukupuku whatukuhu.

Nōhea te kite i te tākuta mō te mate pukupuku whatukuhu?

Me whakapiri atu koe ki tō tākuta tonu ki te kite koe i te toto i roto i tō mimi, ahakoa kāore e mamae. He maha ngā tāngata e whakaroa ana te rapu awhina nā te pai o te ahua, engari ko te kite wawe ka tino whakarereke i te angitu o te maimoatanga.

Kaua e tatari ki te pāngia koe e te mimi pinepine, te mamae ranei, te hiahia wawe ranei e kore e pai ake ki ngā maimoatanga noa. Ka rite pea aua tohu ki te mate mimi noa, engari ki te mau tonu, ki te hoki mai rānei, me whakatūpato atu.

Waea atu ki tō tākuta tonu ki te mamae o tō tuara i te taha kotahi, ina koa ki te hono atu ki ngā tohu mimi. Ahakoa he maha ngā take o te mamae o te tuara, ina hono atu ki ngā tohu mimi, ka taea te tohu i te mate nui ake.

Ki te whai koe i ngā take tūponotanga penei i te whakakā, te whakamahinga ranei o ngā matū i te wāhi mahi, kōrerohia te tirotiro noa ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora. Ka taea e rātou te āwhina i a koe ki te mōhio ki tō tūponotanga whaiaro, me te whakatau i te huarahi aroturuki pai mō tō āhuatanga.

He aha ngā take tūponotanga mō te mate pukupuku whatukuhu?

He maha ngā take ka piki ake tō tūponotanga ki te whiwhi mate pukupuku whatukuhu, ko ētahi he nui ake i ētahi. Ko te mōhio ki ēnei take tūponotanga ka āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau whakamārama mō tō hauora.

Ko ngā take tūponotanga tino nui ko:

• Te whakakā hikareti, hikareti, pīpa ranei
• Te pakeke neke atu i te 55 (ka puta te nuinga o ngā keehi i muri i te 65 tau)
• Ko te tane (e toru te tupono o ngā tāne ki te whiwhi mate pukupuku whatukuhu)
• Te whakamahinga ki ētahi matū i te wāhi mahi
• Te maimoatanga mate pukupuku o mua me ētahi rongoā chemotherapy
• Te rongoā radiation ki te pūkahukahu
• Ngā mate mimi roa, te mamae ranei
• Te hītori whānau o te mate pukupuku whatukuhu
• Ētahi āhuatanga ira
• Te inu wai me ngā taumata arsenic teitei

Ko te whai i tetahi take tūponotanga, te maha ranei o ngā take tūponotanga, ehara i te tikanga ka whiwhi koe i te mate pukupuku whatukuhu. He maha ngā tāngata e whai ana i ngā take tūponotanga kāore e whiwhi i te mate, ka whiwhi ētahi atu kāore he take tūponotanga e mohiotia ana. Ko te mea nui ko te matau me te kōrero mō tō tūponotanga whaiaro ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te mate pukupuku whatukuhu?

Ka taea e te mate pukupuku whatukuhu te arahi ki ētahi atu raruraru, ina koa ki te kore e maimoatia wawe, ki te horapa atu rānei i tō whatukuhu. Ko te mōhio ki ēnei wāhi pea ka āwhina i a koe ki te kite ina rapu awhina hauora tonu.

Ko ngā raruraru wawe pea ko ngā mate mimi e hoki mai ana, ngā raruraru whatukuhu ki te aukati te rere mimi, me te toto mau tonu e taea te arahi ki te mate toto iti. Ka āwangawanga aua take ki te maimoatanga ina hopukina wawe.

Ka taea te whanake i ngā raruraru nui ake ki te horapa te mate pukupuku ki ētahi atu wāhanga o tō tinana:

• Te pakaru whatukuhu, te kore mahi ranei ki te aukati te mate pukupuku i ngā ureters
• Te horapa ki ngā kōpū tata penei i te prostate, te kopu, te wheua ranei
• Te horapa ki ngā pūtau lymph, ate, ngā pūkahukahu, wheua ranei
• Te mate toto iti nui mai i te ngaro toto tonu
• Te mamae o te mimi, te kore e taea te mimi ranei
• Ngā raruraru wheua ki te horapa te mate pukupuku ki ngā wheua
• Te mamae o te wheua ki te horapa te mate pukupuku ki ngā wheua

Ahakoa he wehi aua raruraru, kia mahara ko ngā maimoatanga hou kua tino whakapai ake i ngā hua mō ngā turoro mate pukupuku whatukuhu. Ka taea te aukati, te whakahaere pai ranei i te nuinga o ngā raruraru ina mahi ngātahi koe me tō rōpū hauora, me te whai i tō mahere maimoatanga.

Me pēhea te aukati i te mate pukupuku whatukuhu?

Ahakoa kāore e taea te aukati i ngā keehi katoa o te mate pukupuku whatukuhu, ka taea e koe te whakaiti nui i tō tūponotanga mā te mahi i ngā whiringa noho ora hauora. Ko te mahi tino nui ko te karo i te tapeka i ngā momo katoa.

Ki te whakakā koe, ko te mutu te mea pai rawa atu e taea e koe te mahi mō tō hauora whatukuhu. Ka tīmata te heke o tō tūponotanga i roto i ngā tau torutoru i muri i te mutu, ka heke tonu i te wa roa. Ki te hiahia koe ki te awhina ki te mutu, kōrerohia ki tō tākuta mō ngā rautaki kua whakamātauhia, me ngā kaupapa tautoko.

Ko te tiaki i a koe i te wāhi mahi he mea nui hoki ki te whakamahinga koe i ngā matū. Whakamahia tonu ngā taputapu tiaki tika, whai i ngā tikanga haumaru, horoia pai ō ringa i muri i te whakamahinga o ngā matū. Ki te kore koe e tino mohio ki tō whakamahinga i te wāhi mahi, kōrerohia ki te kaimahi haumaru a tō kaimahi.

Ko ētahi atu kaupae aukati ko te inu wai nui i te rā katoa, te kai kai e whai hua ana i ngā hua me ngā huawhenua, me te maimoatanga wawe i ngā mate mimi. E whakaatu ana etahi rangahau ko te noho makuku pai ka āwhina i te horoi i ngā matū kino pea i tō whatukuhu tere ake.

Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te mate pukupuku whatukuhu?

Ko te whakamātautau i te mate pukupuku whatukuhu ka tīmata mā tō tākuta e ui ki ō tohu, me tō hītori hauora. Ka hiahia rātou ki te mōhio mō te toto i roto i tō mimi, ngā huringa i ngā tauira mimi, me te whai ranei koe i ngā take tūponotanga penei i te whakakā, te whakamahinga ranei o ngā matū.

Ko te whakamātautau tuatahi ko te whakamātautau mimi hei rapu toto, pūtau mate pukupuku ranei, ētahi atu āhuatanga ranei. Ka tono pea tō tākuta i te cytology mimi, e tirotiro ana i te mimi i raro i te microscope hei rapu pūtau rerekē e taea te tohu i te mate pukupuku.

Ki te whakaatu ngā whakamātautau tuatahi i te mate pukupuku whatukuhu, ka tono pea tō tākuta i te cystoscopy. I roto i tēnei mahi, ka whakauruhia e rātou he pūtu rapa, ngawari me te kamera mā tō urethra ki te titiro tika ki roto i tō whatukuhu. Ka taea e tenei te kite i ngā pūngāwerewere, ngā wāhi rerekē ranei.

Ko ētahi atu whakamātautau pea ko ngā CT scans, MRI ranei hei kite mena kua horapa te mate pukupuku, me te biopsy hei tango i ngā tauira kiko mō te tātaritanga taiwhanga. Ka āwhina ēnei whakamātautau ki te whakatau i te momo me te wā o te mate pukupuku, e aratohu ana i tō mahere maimoatanga.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te mate pukupuku whatukuhu?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te mate pukupuku whatukuhu e whakawhirinaki ana ki ētahi take, tae atu ki te momo me te wā o tō mate pukupuku, tō hauora whānui, me ō hiahia whaiaro. Ko te rongo pai ko te maha o ngā whiringa maimoatanga e wātea ana, kua tino pai ake ngā hua i ngā tau tata nei.

Mō te mate pukupuku wā tīmata kāore i tomo ki te pakitara uaua, ka tīmata te maimoatanga i te resection transurethral. I roto i tēnei mahi, ka tangohia e tō taote te pūngāwerewere mā tō urethra kāore he tapahi i waho. Ka whai muri pea tenei i te maimoatanga whakauru whatukuhu, kei reira te rongoā e whakanohoia tika ana ki roto i tō whatukuhu.

Ko ngā mate pukupuku nui ake pea ka hiahia ki te maimoatanga kaha ake:

• Te cystectomy matua (te tango tākuta o te whatukuhu)
• Te chemotherapy i mua, i muri ranei i te pokanga
• Te rongoā radiation
• Te immunotherapy hei āwhina i tō pūnaha mate pukupuku ki te whawhai i te mate pukupuku
• Ngā rongoā whakaeke e whakaeke ana i ngā āhuatanga motuhake o te pūtau mate pukupuku

Ki te hiahia koe ki te tango whatukuhu, ka hanga e tō taote he huarahi hou mō tō tinana ki te pupuri, ki te tukuna te mimi. Ka uru pea tenei ki te hanga i te whatukuhu hou mai i tetahi wāhanga o tō wheua, te aratohu ranei i te mimi ki te putea i waho o tō tinana. Ka āwhina tō rōpū hauora i a koe ki te mōhio ki ō whiringa katoa, ki te whiriwhiri i te mea pai mō tō āhuatanga.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i ngā tohu i te kāinga i te wā o te mate pukupuku whatukuhu?

I te wā e whiwhi ana koe i te maimoatanga mō te mate pukupuku whatukuhu, he maha ngā rautaki tiaki kāinga ka taea te āwhina i a koe ki te pai ake te ahua, ki te whakahaere i ngā tohu. Ka mahi ēnei huarahi me tō maimoatanga hauora, ehara i te whakakapi mōna.

He mea nui te noho makuku pai, engari pea me whakataurite koe ki te mimi pinepine. Whakamātauria te inu i ngā iti iti i te rā katoa i te nui nui i te wa kotahi. Ko te karo i te caffeine me te waipiro ka taea te whakaiti i te mamae whatukuhu.

Mō te mamae me te kore pai, ko ngā kaukau mahana, ngā papa whakamahana ranei i tō puku raro pea ka homai te whakaora. Ka kite ētahi i te wai rēmana e āwhina ana i te whakaiti i ngā mate mimi, ahakoa me tirotiro koe ki tō tākuta tuatahi nā te mea ka taea te pā ki ētahi rongoā.

He mea nui te whakahaere i te ngenge i te wā o te maimoatanga. Okioki ina hiahia koe, kai kai kai hauora, mahi whakakori ngawari penei i te tūtohutia e tō rōpū hauora. Kaua e whakaroa te ui ki ngā whānau me ngā hoa mō te awhina ki ngā mahi o ia rā ina kore koe e pai te ahua.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui tākuta?

Ko te whakarite mō tō hui tākuta ka taea te āwhina i a koe ki te whiwhi i te nuinga o tō haerenga, kia kore ai koe e wareware i ngā korero nui. Tīmata mā te tuhi i ō tohu katoa, tae atu ki te wā i tīmata ai rātou, me pēhea te huringa i te wa roa.

Hanga he rārangi o ngā rongoā katoa e inu ana koe, tae atu ki ngā rongoā rongoā, ngā rongoā kore-whakahaunga, me ngā taapiri. Tuhia hoki ngā mate pāwera kei a koe, me ngā maimoatanga hauora o mua i whiwhi koe, ina koa ki te whiwhi koe i te chemotherapy, te rongoā radiation ranei.

Whakaritehia ngā pātai hei ui ki tō tākuta mō tō whakamātautau, ngā whiringa maimoatanga, me te mea e tatari ana. Kaua e manukanuka ki te maha o ngā pātai - e hiahia ana tō rōpū hauora kia mōhio koe ki tō āhuatanga, kia pai hoki te ahua ki tō tiaki.

Whakaarohia te kawe mai i te mema whānau, hoa ranei ki tō hui. Ka taea e rātou te āwhina i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā korero, me te whakarato tautoko ngākau. Pea ka hiahia koe ki te kawe mai i te pukapuka hei tuhi i ngā korero nui i tō haerenga.

He aha te mea nui mō te mate pukupuku whatukuhu?

Ko te mea nui rawa atu hei mahara mō te mate pukupuku whatukuhu ko te kite wawe ka tino whakarereke i te angitu o te maimoatanga. Ki te kite koe i te toto i roto i tō mimi, tohu mimi mau tonu ranei, kaua e tatari ki te kite i tō tākuta - ahakoa kāore te ahua o ngā tohu e tino nui.

He maha ngā tāngata e whai mate pukupuku whatukuhu ana e ora tonu ana, e ora hauora ana, ina koa ina hopukina wawe te mate pukupuku, ka maimoatia. Ko ngā maimoatanga hou he nui ake te whai hua, he iti ake ngā pānga kino i mua, ā, ka puta tonu ngā maimoatanga hou.

Kia mahara ko te whai i ngā take tūponotanga ehara i te tikanga ka whiwhi koe i te mate pukupuku whatukuhu, ā, ko te whai mate pukupuku whatukuhu ehara i te tikanga kua mutu tō oranga. Me te tiaki hauora tika, me te tautoko mai i tō rōpū hauora, ka taea e koe te whakahaere i tēnei āhuatanga, me te pupuri i tō kounga ora.

Noho whakamārama, ui pātai, kaua hoki e whakaroa te rapu tautoko mai i ngā tohunga hauora, whānau, hoa, rōpū tautoko mate pukupuku ranei. Kāore koe i te kotahi i roto i tēnei haerenga, ā, kei te wātea te awhina i ia kaupae o te ara.

Ngā pātai e ui pinepinetia ana mō te mate pukupuku whatukuhu

P1: He mate mate tonu te mate pukupuku whatukuhu?

Kāo, ehara i te mate mate tonu te mate pukupuku whatukuhu. Ina hopukina wawe, he maha ngā tāngata e whai mate pukupuku whatukuhu ana e maimoatia ana, ka ora tonu. Ko te reiti ora rima-tau mō te mate pukupuku whatukuhu wā tīmata neke atu i te 95%. Āe, ka taea te whakahaere pai i te mate pukupuku whatukuhu nui me ngā maimoatanga hou, ahakoa he rerekē ngā hua i runga i te tawhiti o te horapa o te mate pukupuku.

P2: Ka hoki mai te mate pukupuku whatukuhu i muri i te maimoatanga?

Āe, ka hoki mai te mate pukupuku whatukuhu i muri i te maimoatanga, koia te take he mea nui te tiaki whai muri noa. Ka hoki mai pea te 50-80% o ngā mate pukupuku whatukuhu wā tīmata, engari ehara tenei i te tikanga o te hua kotahi me te tuatahi. Ka hopukina wawe te nuinga o ngā hoki mai i te aroturuki noa, ka taea te maimoatanga pai. Ka whakarite tō tākuta i ngā tirotiro noa, me ngā whakamātautau hei mataara i ngā tohu o te hoki mai o te mate pukupuku.

P3: E hira te roa e taea ai te ora me te mate pukupuku whatukuhu?

He rerekē te roa o te ora me te mate pukupuku whatukuhu i runga i te wā o te whakamātautau, tō hauora whānui, me pēhea te pai o tō whakautu ki te maimoatanga. He maha ngā tāngata e whai mate pukupuku whatukuhu wā tīmata ana e whai ora noa ana. Āe, me te mate pukupuku nui ake, he maha ngā tāngata e ora ana mō ngā tau me te kounga ora pai. Ka taea e tō tākuta te homai atu i ngā korero tino tika i runga i tō āhuatanga whaiaro.

P4: Ka horapa tere te mate pukupuku whatukuhu?

He rerekē te ahu whakamua o te mate pukupuku whatukuhu mai i te tangata ki te tangata. Ko ētahi mate pukupuku whatukuhu ka tipu haere, ka noho ki te paparanga whatukuhu mō ngā tau, ka tere ake te horapa o ētahi atu. Ko te nuinga o ngā mate pukupuku whatukuhu kore-uaua ka tipu haere i te mate pukupuku uaua. Ko te wā me te tohu o tō mate pukupuku ka āwhina ki te kī he tere te ahu whakamua, koia te take he mea nui te whakamātautau wawe me te maimoatanga tika.

P5: Ka taea e te kai te āwhina i te aukati i te mate pukupuku whatukuhu?

Ahakoa kāore he kai motuhake e taea te whakamana i te aukati i te mate pukupuku whatukuhu, ko te kai i te kai hauora e whai hua ana i ngā hua me ngā huawhenua pea ka āwhina i te whakaiti i tō tūponotanga. E whakaatu ana etahi rangahau ko ngā kai e nui ana te antioxidants, penei i ngā pīni me ngā rau kakariki, pea ka tiaki. Ko te noho makuku pai mā te inu wai nui i te rā katoa pea ka āwhina i te horoi i ngā matū kino pea i tō whatukuhu. Heoi, ko te karo i te whakakā te kaupae nui rawa atu e taea e koe te tango hei aukati i te mate pukupuku whatukuhu.