He aha te mate pūkohu? Ngā tohu, ngā take, me te rongoā

He mate pūkohu he āhuatanga onge te tipu haere o ngā pūtau koretake i roto i ōu wheua, te hanga i ngā pūngāwerewere ka ngoikore ai te hanganga o te wheua. Ahakoa ka rongo pea te kupu nei he wehi, ko te mārama ki te aha te mate pūkohu ka taea te awhina i te whakaiti i ētahi o ō māharahara, ā, ka ārahi atu koe ki te tiaki tika.

Ka taea e tēnei momo mate te tīmata tika i roto i te wheua (e kiia ana ko te mate pūkohu matua) te horapa atu rānei ki ngā wheua mai i te mate i tetahi atu wāhi o tō tinana (e kiia ana ko te mate pūkohu tuarua, te mate pūkohu rānei e horapa atu ana). Ko te rongo pai, mā te kite wawe me te rongoā tika, he tokomaha ngā tāngata e ora ana i te mate pūkohu ka ora tonu, ka ora hauora.

He aha ngā tohu o te mate pūkohu?

Ko te tohu wawe tino noa o te mate pūkohu ko te mamae tonu i roto i te wheua e pā ana, kāore e ngaro mā te okioki. Ko tēnei mamae te tīmata pinei he mamae ngawari ka haere mai, ka haere atu, engari ka kaha haere, ka roa ake te roa.

Ko ēnei ngā tohu matua ka kite pea koe, kia mahara ko te whai i tetahi, te maha rānei o ēnei kāore e tino tikanga kei te mate pūkohu koe:

• Te mamae o te wheua e kino ake ana i te pō, i te wā rānei e mahi ana
• Te pupuhi, te ngawari rānei i te taha tata o te wāhi e pā ana
• He pūngāwerewere e kitea ana, e taea te kite i raro i te kiri
• Ngā wheua e whati ngāwari ana i ngā whara iti, i ngā mahi noa rānei
• Te ngenge kaore i te whakamaarama, te kore rānei e pai te ahua
• Te ngaro o te taumaha kaore i te whakamaarama
• Te kirika, ina koa ki te haere tonu mai

I ētahi wā, ka rongo pea koe i te ngenge, te wiri rānei ki te pēhi te pūngāwerewere i ngā uaua e tata ana. Ka taea e ēnei tohu te tipu haere i roto i ngā wiki, i ngā marama rānei, koia te take he mea nui kia aro ki ngā huringa o tō tinana, kia kōrero atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora.

He aha ngā momo mate pūkohu?

He maha ngā momo mate pūkohu rerekē, ia momo ia momo āhuatanga me ngā huarahi rongoā. Ko te mārama ki te momo e pā ana ki a koe ka āwhina i tō rōpū hauora ki te hanga i te mahere rongoā tino whai hua mō tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Ko ngā momo matua o te mate pūkohu matua ko ēnei:

• Osteosarcoma: Ko te momo tino noa i ngā tamariki me ngā tāne taitamariki, e pā ana ki ngā wheua roa o ngā ringa me ngā waewae
• Chondrosarcoma: He maha ake i ngā pakeke neke atu i te 40, e tipu ana i te karati o te upoko, ngā riu, ngā pakihiwi rānei
• Ewing sarcoma: E puta ana i ngā tamariki me ngā taitamariki, e pā ana ki ngā wheua o te upoko, te pakitara uma, ngā wheua roa rānei
• Fibrosarcoma: He momo onge e tipu ana i ngā kiko ngawari e karapotia ana e ngā wheua, engari ka taea te puta i roto i ngā wheua anō
• Giant cell tumor: He pai te nuinga, engari ka taea te mate pūkohu i ētahi wā, e pā ana ki ngā pito o ngā wheua roa

Ko te mate pūkohu tuarua, e horapa ana mai i ētahi atu wāhi o te tinana, he maha ake i te mate pūkohu matua. Ko tēnei momo te nuinga mai i ngā mate pūkohu u, ngā pūkahukahu, te prostate, te whatukuhu, te thyroid rānei kua horapa ki ngā wheua.

He aha ngā take o te mate pūkohu?

Ko te take tika o te nuinga o ngā mate pūkohu kāore i te mārama, engari kua kitea e ngā kairangahau ētahi take ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te whanake i tēnei āhuatanga. He mea nui kia mārama kei te whai i ngā take tūponotanga kāore e tino tikanga ka whiwhi koe i te mate pūkohu.

Ko ēnei ngā take matua e whakapono ana ngā kāre e āwhina ki te whanaketanga o te mate pūkohu:

• Te rongoā radiation o mua, ina koa ngā rongoā nui mō ētahi atu mate pūkohu
• Ētahi āhuatanga ira tuku iho penei i te mate Li-Fraumeni, te retinoblastoma tuku iho rānei
• Te mate a Paget, he āhuatanga e pā ana ki te hanganga wheua koretake
• Ngā whara wheua o mua, ngā whakauru rānei, ahakoa kei te ako tonu tēnei hononga
• Ētahi mate tuku iho e pā ana ki te whanaketanga o te wheua me te karati

I ētahi wā onge, ko te whakaū ki ētahi matū, te whai rānei i te hītori whānau o te mate pūkohu pea he wāhi. Heoi, ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata e whiwhi ana i te mate pūkohu kāore he take tūponotanga mārama, koia te tikanga ka taea te pā te mate ki te tangata.

Nōhea te haere ki te taote mō ngā tohu o te mate pūkohu?

Me whakapiri atu koe ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora ki te pāngia koe e te mamae wheua tonu e roa atu ana i ngā wiki torutoru, ina koa ki te kino haere, ki te āwangawanga rānei i ō mahi o ia rā. Kaua e tatari ki te kaha te mamae, ki te haere tahi rānei me ētahi atu tohu āwangawanga.

Rapua te tiaki hauora wawe ki te kite koe i ētahi o ēnei tohu whakatūpato:

• Te mamae wheua kāore e pai ake mā te okioki, mā ngā rongoā mamae rānei o te toa rongoā
• Te pupuhi, te pūngāwerewere rānei e taea te kite, ina koa ki te tipu haere
• He wheua e whati ana i te hinga iti, i te mahi noa rānei
• Te ngaro o te taumaha kaore i te whakamaarama me te mamae wheua
• Te kirika tonu me ngā tohu wheua
• Te ngenge, te ngoikore rānei i te ringa, i te waewae rānei

Kia mahara, he maha ngā āhuatanga ka puta te mamae wheua, ā, ko te nuinga o te wā kāore i te mate pūkohu. Heoi, ko te aromatawai wawe ka hoatu ki a koe te tupono pai mō te rongoā whai hua ki te kitea tetahi mea nui. Ka taea e tō taote te awhina i te whakatau he hiahia ngā tohu ki te whakamātautau atu.

He aha ngā take tūponotanga mō te mate pūkohu?

Ko te mārama ki ngā take tūponotanga ka taea te āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau whakamārama mō tō hauora, ahakoa he mea nui kia mahara kei te whai i tetahi, te maha rānei o ngā take tūponotanga kāore e tino tikanga ka whanake koe i te mate pūkohu. He tokomaha ngā tāngata e whai ana i ngā take tūponotanga kāore e whiwhi i te mate, i te wā e whiwhi ana ētahi atu kāore he take tūponotanga e mohiotia ana.

Ko ngā take tūponotanga matua ko ēnei:

• Te tau: Ko te osteosarcoma te nuinga o ngā tamariki me ngā taitamariki i ngā wā o te tipu tere o te wheua
• Te rongoā mate pūkohu o mua: Ka taea e te rongoā radiation, ētahi rongoā chemotherapy rānei te piki ake o te tūponotanga i muri i ngā tau
• Ngā āhuatanga ira tuku iho: Ngā mate tuku iho onge penei i te mate Li-Fraumeni, te retinoblastoma rānei
• Te mate a Paget: Ko tēnei mate wheua te piki ake o te tūponotanga o te whanaketanga o te osteosarcoma
• Ngā whakauru kōme: He onge rawa, ka taea te whanaketanga o te mate pūkohu i te taha o ngā whakauru kōme, ahakoa he tino onge tēnei

Ko ētahi take tūponotanga onge ko te whakaū ki ngā taumata teitei o te radiation mai i ngā aituā pūkaha, te whai rānei i ētahi mate wheua mai i te whānau. He mea tika te kōrero ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata e whai ana i ēnei āhuatanga kāore e whanake i te mate pūkohu, na kaua e manukanuka nui ki te pā tēnei ki a koe.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te mate pūkohu?

Ahakoa ka rongo pea te kōrero mō ngā raruraru he nui te āwangawanga, ko te mārama ki te aha pea ka puta ka āwhina i a koe me tō rōpū hauora ki te whakarite, ki te whakautu wawe rānei ki te puta mai ngā take. Kia mahara he tokomaha ngā tāngata e whai ana i te mate pūkohu e iti ana, kāore rānei he raruraru, ina koa mā te kite wawe me te rongoā tika.

Ko ēnei ngā raruraru matua ka puta:

• Ngā whati wheua: Ka taea e ngā wheua ngoikore te whati ngāwari ake, i ētahi wā ka hiahia ki te whakatikatika pokanga
• Te horapa ki ētahi atu wāhi o te tinana: Ka taea e te mate te neke ki ngā pūkahukahu, te ate, ngā wheua rānei
• Te kino o ngā uaua: Ka taea e ngā pūngāwerewere te pēhi i ngā uaua e tata ana, te puta ai te mamae, te ngenge, te ngoikore rānei
• Te mate: Ka taea e te rongoā te whakaiti i tō pūnaha mate i te wā poto
• Ngā raruraru pūtau toto: Ka taea e ētahi rongoā te pā ki te kaha o tō tinana ki te hanga i ngā pūtau toto hauora

I ētahi wā onge, ka taea e te mate pūkohu te puta i ngā taumata nui o te kārati i roto i te toto, te pā rānei ki te mahi whatukuhu. Ka tirotiro tata atu tō rōpū hauora i a koe i te rongoā katoa kia hopukina, kia whakatika wawe rānei i ngā raruraru. Ko te mea nui ko te pupuri i te kōrero whakatuwhera ki tō rōpū hauora mō ngā tohu hou, ngā tohu kino ake rānei.

Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te mate pūkohu?

Ko te whakamātautau i te mate pūkohu he maha ngā kaupae, ā, ka ārahi atu tō taote i a koe i ia kaupae kia whiwhi koe i te whakaahua mārama o te mea e puta ana. Ko te tukanga te tīmata mā te kōrero mō ō tohu me tō hītori hauora, ka whai ake te whakamātautau tinana o te wāhi e pā ana.

Ka tūtohutia pea e tō kaiwhakarato hauora ēnei whakamātautau whakamātautau:

• Ngā X-rays: Ko te whakamātautau tuatahi ki te titiro ki ngā wāhi koretake i roto i ō wheua
• Ngā whakaahua MRI, CT rānei: Ka hoatu ngā whakaahua taipitopito ki te kite i te rahi me te wāhi o te pūngāwerewere
• Te whakamātautau wheua: Ka whakaatu mena kua horapa te mate ki ētahi atu wheua i roto i tō tinana
• Ngā whakamātautau toto: Tirohia ngā tohu motuhake ka tohu pea i te mate pūkohu
• Biopsy: Ka tangohia he tauira iti o te kiko hei whakau i te whakamātautau, hei whakatau rānei i te momo mate pūkohu

Ko te biopsy anake te huarahi ki te whakatau tika i te mate pūkohu. Ka taea e tō taote te mahi i tēnei tukanga mā te ngira, mā te wahi pokanga iti rānei, kei te wāhi o te pūngāwerewere. Ahakoa ka rongo pea te tatari mō ngā hua he āwangawanga, kia mahara ko tēnei huarahi tino tika ka whakarite kia whiwhi koe i te whakamātautau tino tika me te mahere rongoā tika.

He aha te rongoā mō te mate pūkohu?

Kua pai ake te rongoā mō te mate pūkohu i ngā tau kua pahure, ā, ka hanga e tō rōpū hauora he mahere whaiaro e hāngai ana ki te momo mate pūkohu, tō wā, tō tau, me tō hauora whānui. Ko te whāinga ehara i te mea kia rongoā tika te mate pūkohu, engari kia āwhina i a koe ki te pupuri i te kounga ora pai rawa atu.

Ko ngā huarahi rongoā matua ko ēnei:

• Pokanga: Te tango i te pūngāwerewere i te wā e tiaki ana i te nui o te wheua hauora me te mahi
• Chemotherapy: Ngā rongoā e whakaeke ana i ngā pūtau mate pūkohu puta noa i tō tinana
• Te rongoā radiation: Ngā hihi kaha teitei e aro ana ki te wāhi pūngāwerewere
• Te rongoā e taea te whakaeke: Ngā rongoā hou e whakaeke ana i ngā āhuatanga motuhake o ngā pūtau mate pūkohu
• Immunotherapy: Ngā rongoā e āwhina ana i tō pūnaha mate ki te whawhai i te mate pūkohu

He tokomaha ngā tāngata e whiwhi ana i te huinga o ēnei rongoā. Hei tauira, ka taea e koe te whai chemotherapy i mua i te pokanga hei whakaiti i te pūngāwerewere, ka whai ake te chemotherapy hei whakakore i ngā pūtau mate pūkohu e toe ana. Ka whakamārama tō rōpū rongoā i ia kaupae, ka āwhina i a koe ki te mārama ki te aha e tatari ana i te huarahi.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i ngā tohu i te kāinga i te wā e rongoā ana i te mate pūkohu?

Ko te tiaki i a koe i te kāinga he wāhi nui o tō mahere rongoā whānui. Ahakoa kei te whakahaere tō rōpū hauora i te rongoā matua, he maha ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi kia pai ake ai tō ahua, kia tautoko rānei i te tukanga whakaora o tō tinana.

Ko ēnei ngā rautaki whai hua mō te whakahaere i ngā tohu me ngā pānga:

• Te whakahaere mamae: Tangohia ngā rongoā mamae kua tohua e rite ana ki ngā tohutohu, whakamahia te hukapapa, te wera rānei e rite ana ki te tohutohu a tō taote
• Te whakakori ngawari: Noho mahi e taea ana kia tiakina ai te kaha me te hauora wheua
• Te kai: Kai kai rite e whai hua ana i te kārati me te huaora D hei tautoko i te hauora wheua
• Te okioki: Tukua kia nui te moe me ngā wā okioki i te rā
• Te aukati mate: Horoi i ngā ringa i te maha, kaua e haere ki ngā wāhi nui i te wā e rongoā ana
• Te tautoko hinengaro: Hononga ki te whānau, ki ngā hoa, ki ngā rōpū tautoko rānei hei awhina i te whakahaere i te ahotea

Kaua e whakaroa ki te whakapiri atu ki tō rōpū hauora ki te pāngia koe e ngā tohu hou, ki te kino haere rānei ngā tohu o mua. Ka taea e rātou te whakarereke i ō rongoā, te whakaaro rānei i ētahi atu huarahi whakamarie. Kia mahara, ko te tono awhina he tohu o te kaha, ehara i te ngoikore.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui taote?

Ko te whakarite pai mō ō haerenga ki te taote ka āwhina i te whakarite kia whiwhi koe i te hua pai o tō wā tahi, ā, ka whakautuhia ngā āwangawanga katoa. Ko te whakapau i etahi meneti ki te whakarite i ō whakaaro i mua ka taea te whakarereke i te kounga o tō tiaki.

Ko te huarahi ki te whakarite pai:

• Tuhia ō tohu katoa, tae atu ki te wā i tīmata ai rātou, me te aha e pai ake ai, e kino ake rānei
• Rārangihia ngā rongoā, ngā taapiri, ngā huaora katoa e inu ana koe
• Kawea mai tetahi mema whānau, hoa rānei hei tautoko, hei awhina rānei ki te mahara ki ngā mōhiohio nui
• Whakaritea he rārangi o ngā pātai e hiahia ana koe ki te ui
• Kohikohia ngā rēkōta hauora o mua, ngā hua whakamātautau rānei e pā ana ki ō tohu
• Tāruahia tetahi hītori whānau o te mate pūkohu, o ngā mate wheua rānei

Whakaarohia te kawenga i te pukapuka, te whakamahi rānei i tō waea hei tuhi i ngā mōhiohio nui i te wā o te hui. Kaua e manukanuka ki te ui i ngā pātai “nui rawa”, ki te tango rānei i te wā “nui rawa”. E hiahia ana tō kaiwhakarato hauora ki te āwhina i a koe ki te mārama ki tō āhuatanga, ki te maia rānei mō tō mahere tiaki.

He aha te mea nui mō te mate pūkohu?

Ko te mea nui rawa kia mahara ko te mate pūkohu, ahakoa he nui te āwangawanga, ka taea te rongoā, ina koa ki te kite wawe. Kua pai ake ngā hua mō ngā tāngata e whai ana i tēnei āhuatanga, ā, he tokomaha ngā turoro e ora ana i te ora roa, kaha i muri i te rongoā.

Ki te pāngia koe e te mamae wheua tonu, ētahi atu tohu āwangawanga rānei, kaua e whakaroa ki te rapu i te tiaki hauora. Ko te kite wawe me te rongoā te tuku i te tupono pai mō ngā hua angitu. Kia mahara ko te nuinga o te mamae wheua kāore i te mate pūkohu, engari he mea tika tonu te aromatawai i ngā tohu tonu e tetahi kaimahi hauora.

I te huarahi katoa, ahakoa kei te rapu koe i te whakamātautau, kei te rongoā rānei, kia mahara kāore koe i te kotahi. Kei reira tō rōpū hauora, tō whānau, ō hoa, me ngā rōpū tautoko katoa hei āwhina i a koe ki te haere i tēnei wā wero me te tumanako me te kaha.

Ngā pātai e ui pinei ana mō te mate pūkohu

P1: He mate mate tonu te mate pūkohu?

Kāo, ehara te mate pūkohu i te mate mate tonu. Kua pai ake ngā reiti ora mā ngā whakapainga i te rongoā. Ko te whakatau i runga i ngā take penei i te momo mate pūkohu, tō wā i te wā i kitea ai, tō tau, me tō hauora whānui. He tokomaha ngā tāngata e whai ana i te mate pūkohu, ina koa ki te kite wawe, ka taea te rongoā angitu, ka ora tonu.

P2: Ka taea e te mate pūkohu te horapa ki ētahi atu wāhi o te tinana?

Ae, ka taea e te mate pūkohu te horapa (metastasize) ki ētahi atu wāhi o te tinana, ko te nuinga ki ngā pūkahukahu. Heoi, kāore i te puta i ngā take katoa, ā, ki te puta, kei reira tonu ngā kōwhiringa rongoā. Ka tirotiro tata atu tō rōpū hauora i a koe, ka whakamahi i ngā whakamātautau whakaahua hei tirotiro i ngā tohu horapa.

P3: He hiahia tonu te tapa te mate pūkohu?

Kāo, ehara te tapa i te mea hiahia tonu mō te rongoā mate pūkohu. I teie nei, he taea te pokanga whakaora waewae i te 90% o ngā take, mā ngā whakapainga i ngā tikanga pokanga me ngā rauemi prosthetic. Ka ngana tonu tō taote ki te tiaki i te nui o te mahi i te wā e tangohia katoa ana te mate pūkohu.

P4: Ka taea e ngā tamariki te whiwhi i te mate pūkohu?

Ae, ko ētahi momo mate pūkohu, ko te osteosarcoma me te Ewing sarcoma, he maha ake i ngā tamariki me ngā taitamariki. Heoi, ko te mate pūkohu i ngā tamariki te nuinga o te wā ka whakautu pai ki te rongoā, ā, he tokomaha ngā taitamariki e ora ana i te ora hauora, kaha. Ko ngā oncologists tamariki te tohunga ki te rongoā i te mate pūkohu i ngā tamariki, ka mahi ki te whakaiti i ngā pānga roa.

P5: He huringa oranga kei reira ka taea te āwhina i te aukati i te mate pūkohu?

Mai te mea kāore i te mārama ngā take tika o te nuinga o ngā mate pūkohu, kāore he huarahi aukati kī. Heoi, ko te pupuri i te hauora whānui pai mā te whakakori auau, te kai rite e whai hua ana i te kārati me te huaora D, te karo rānei i te whakaū radiation koretake pea ka tautoko i te hauora wheua. Ko te mea nui rawa, rapua te tiaki hauora wawe mō te mamae wheua tonu, ngā tohu āwangawanga rānei.