Botulism

Ko te botulism he āhuatanga onge engari he kino e puta mai ana i te taero e whakaeke ana i ngā tūpuna o te tinana. Ka taea e te botulism te whakaeke i ngā tohu e whakamatea ai te ora. He momo pūngāwerewere e kiia nei ko te Clostridium botulinum te kaihanga o te taero. Ka puta te botulism hei hua o te kai kī kī, te poke o te whara rānei. Ka taea hoki te puta o te āhuatanga ina tipu ngā pūngāwerewere i roto i ngā whekau o ngā pēpi. I etahi wā onge, ka taea hoki te puta o te botulism i te rongoā hauora, te mahi whakawehi rānei.

Tokorima ngā momo botulism noa:

• Te botulism kai. Ka tupu te pūngāwerewere kino ka hanga te taero i ngā taiao iti te hau, pēnei i te kai kī kī kāinga.
• Te botulism whara. Ki te tomo ēnei pūngāwerewere ki te kotinga, ka taea e rātou te whakaeke i te mate kino e hanga ana i te taero.
• Te botulism pēpi. Ko tēnei momo botulism whānui rawa atu ka tīmata i muri i te tipu o ngā pūngāwerewere o te pūngāwerewere C. botulinum i roto i te kopu o te pēpi. Ka puta tēnei i ngā pēpi i waenga i ngā tau rua marama me ngā waru marama. I etahi wā onge, ka pā hoki tēnei momo botulism whekau ki ngā pakeke.

I etahi wā, ka puta te botulism ina nui rawa te whakauru i te taero botulinum mō ngā take ataahua, hauora rānei. Ko tēnei momo onge e kiia nei ko te botulism iatrogenic. Ko te kupu 'iatrogenic' te tikanga he mate e puta mai ana i te whakamātautau hauora, te rongoā rānei.

Ka taea te puta o tētahi atu momo botulism onge mai i te manawa i ngā taero. Ka taea pea tēnei te puta hei hua o te mahi whakawehi.

Ka taea te mate o ngā momo botulism katoa, ā, he āwangawanga hauora katoa.

Ko ngā tohu o te botulism kai-kainga e tīmata ana i te tekau mā rua ki te toru tekau mā ono haora i muri i te tomo o te poizonu ki roto i tō tinana. Engari, kei te whakawhirinaki ki te nui o te poizonu i kai koe, ka rere ke te tīmatanga o ngā tohu mai i etahi haora ki etahi rā. Kei roto i ngā tohu o te botulism kai-kainga: Te raruraru ki te horomi, ki te kōrero Te maroke o te waha Te ngoikore o te mata i ngā taha e rua o te mata Te pōrōtare, te tiro rua Te heke o ngā kamo Te raruraru ki te manawa Te ruaki, te ruaki me ngā mamae o te kopu Te pararaihi Ko ngā tohu o te botulism hēkona e puta ana i muri i te tekau rā i te tomo o te poizonu ki roto i tō tinana. Kei roto i ngā tohu o te botulism hēkona: Te raruraru ki te horomi, ki te kōrero Te ngoikore o te mata i ngā taha e rua o te mata Te pōrōtare, te tiro rua Te heke o ngā kamo Te raruraru ki te manawa Te pararaihi Kāore pea e kitea te pupuhi o te rohe o te hēkona, ā, ka puta he huringa tae. Ko te nuinga o ngā raruraru e tīmata ana i te tekau mā waru ki te toru tekau mā ono haora i muri i te tomo o te poizonu ki roto i te tinana o te pēpi. Kei roto i ngā tohu: Te kōpū kōpū, koinei te tohu tuatahi Te neke ngoikore nā te ngoikore o ngā uaua me te raruraru ki te whakahaere i te ūtū Te tangi ngoikore Te riri Te ngongo Te heke o ngā kamo Te ngenge Te raruraru ki te ngūngū, ki te whāngai Te pararaihi Kāore e puta te nuinga o ngā tohu me te botulism. Hei tauira, kāore te botulism e whakaara i te toto toto, te tere o te ngakau, te kirika rānei, te whakapohehe rānei. Engari, i etahi wā, ka taea e te botulism hēkona te whakaara i te kirika. I roto i te botulism iatrogenic—ina kua werohia te poizonu mō ngā take ataahua, hauora rānei—kē he iti ngā take o ngā pānga kino nui. Kei roto i ēnei te mamae o te mahunga, te pararaihi o te mata, me te ngoikore o ngā uaua. Rapua te tiaki hauora tere mena ka whakaaro koe kei a koe te botulism. Ko te maimoatanga tuatahi ka whakapiki i ō tūmanako ora me te whakaiti i tō tūponotanga o ngā raruraru. Ko te whiwhi i te tiaki hauora tere ka taea hoki te whakamōhio i ngā kaimahi hauora tūmatanui mō ngā kaupapa o te botulism kai-kainga. Ka taea pea e rātou te ārai i ētahi atu tangata kei te kai i te kai poke. Kia mahara, ahakoa, kāore te botulism e horapa atu i te tangata ki te tangata. He rōpū kore noa o te botulism—inā koa ki ngā tāngata kāore he hononga mārama—e whāiti ana i te tekau mā rua ki te wha tekau mā waru haora ka whakaara i te whakapae o te bioterrorism.

Rapua te tiaki hauora tūpato mena ka whakaaro koe kei a koe te botulism. Ka whakanui te maimoatanga tuatahi i ō tūmanako ora me te whakaiti i tō tūponotanga o ngā raruraru.

Ko te whiwhi āwhina hauora tere ka taea hoki te whakamohio i ngā kaimahi hauora tūmatanui mō ngā kaupapa o te botulism kai. Ka taea pea e rātou te ārai i ētahi atu tangata kei te kai kai poke. Kia mahara, ahakoa, kaore e taea te horapa te botulism i te tangata ki te tangata.

He rōpū koretake o te botulism—inā te nuinga o ngā tāngata kahore he hononga mārama—e whāiti ana i roto i te 12 ki te 48 haora pea ka ara ake te whakapae o te bioterrorism.

Ko te kai kainga i hangaia ki te kāinga, kāore rānei i te tika te whakamahinga, te pūtake noa o te botulism e puta mai ana i te kai. Ko ēnei kai ko ngā hua, ngā huawhenua, me ngā ika. Ka taea hoki e ētahi atu kai, pēnei i ngā pīpī wera (chiles), ngā pīni kukama i tunua i roto i te pepa, me te hinu i whakauruhia ki te karika, te whakauru i te botulism.

Ka taea e te huakita C. botulinum te whakaputa i te poizon i te wa e uru atu ana ki te whara. Ka taea e te whara te tapahi i kore i kitea. Kei te taea hoki te whara e te whara nui, te pokanga ranei.

Kua piki ake te botulism whara i ngā tekau tau tata nei i roto i te hunga e whakauru ana i te heroin, ka taea te pupuri i ngā pūtau o te huakita. Ko te tikanga, ko tēnei momo botulism te mea noa i roto i te hunga e whakauru ana i te heroin pango tar.

Ka whiwhi ngā pepeha i te botulism pēpi i te wa e uru atu ana ngā pūtau huakita ki o rātou whekau ka hanga i te poizon. I etahi wā, ko te honi te pūtake o te botulism pēpi. Engari he tino pea te whakaū ki te oneone kua whakapokeketia ki te huakita. I etahi wā, ka pā ano tenei momo botulism whekau ki ngā pakeke.

Ko te mea onge, ka puta te botulism i te wa e nui rawa ana te whakauru i te poizon botulinum mō ngā take ataahua, pēnei i te tango i ngā wiri, te rongoā ranei, pēnei i te whakaora i ngā migraines.

Kaore he uauatanga

Nō te mea ka pā te taero botulinum ki te mana whakahaere o ngā uaua i roto i tō tinana katoa, ka taea e te taero te tini o ngā raruraru. Ko te tūponotanga nui rawa atu ko te kore e taea e koe te manawa. Ko te kore e taea te manawa tētahi take māori o te mate i te botulism. Kei roto i ētahi atu raruraru, ka hiahiatia pea te whakaora, ko ēnei:

• Te uaua ki te kōrero
• Te raruraru ki te horomi
• Te ngoikore roa
• Te poto o te manawa

Whakamahia ngā tikanga tika ina kāninga ana, i te whakamarumaru kai i te kāinga kia whakamatea ai ngā mate pukupuku botulism. He mea nui hoki te whakarite me te pupuri kai i te huarahi haumaru: Pēhi-tunutunu ngā kai kāninga kāinga i te 250 nga nekehanga Fahrenheit (121 Celsius) mō te 20 ki te 100 meneti, kei runga i te kai. Whakaarohia te kohua i enei kai mō te 10 meneti i mua i te whakatakoto atu. Aua e kai i te kai kua whakamarumaruhia mena kei te pupū tōna ipu, kei te he te kakara o te kai. Engari, ehara i te mea ka whakapuaki tonu te reka me te kakara i te tūmanako o te C. botulinum. Kāhore etahi momo e hanga ai te kai he kino te kakara, he rerekē te reka. Mena ka takai koe i ngā pīni i roto i te pepa konumohe i mua i te tunu, kai wera. Whakangawaritia te pepa konumohe ka pupuri i ngā pīni i roto i te pouaka whakamātao - ehara i te pāmahana o te ruma. Pupurihia ngā hinu kāinga kua whakauruhia ki te karika, ki ngā otaota i roto i te pouaka whakamātao. Tārewa atu i muri i ngā rā e whā. Whakamātaohia ngā kai kāninga i muri i te whakatuwhera. Hei aukati i te botulism o te whara me ētahi atu mate toto nui, kaua rawa e whakauru, e manawa atu rānei i ngā rongoā huarahi. Pupurihia ngā whara kia ma, kia kore ai e pangia. Mena kei te whakaaro koe kua pangia te whara, rapu atu te rongoā hauora tonu. Hei whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te botulism o te pēpi, kaua e hoatu te honi - ahakoa he iti noa te reka - ki ngā tamariki kei raro i te 1 tau te pakeke. Hei aukati i te botulism iatrogenic, kia mohio koe ki te haere ki te kaiwhakarato hauora raihana mō ētahi mahi ataahua, mahi hauora rānei e whakamahi ana i ngā momo totika o te poizon botulinum. Kei roto i ēnei ko te onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox), te abobotulinumtoxinA (Dysport) me ētahi atu.

Hei whakatau i te botulism, ka tirotirohia koe e tō kaiwhakarato hauora mō te ngoikore o ngā uaua, te pararaihi rānei. Ka titiro tō kaiwhakarato ki ngā tohu pēnei i te heke o ngā kamo, te reo ngoikore hoki. Ka ui tō kaiwhakarato ki ngā kai i kaihia e koe i ngā rā kua pahure. Ka ngana rātou ki te kimi mena i pā atu koe ki tetahi huakita mā te whara.

I ngā take o te botulism pēpi pea, ka ui pea te kaiwhakarato mena i kai hou te honi tō tamaiti. Ka ui pea te kaiwhakarato mena kei te kōpuku tō pēpi, kāore rānei i te whakahaere i te tikanga.

Ka āhei te whakau i te whakatau o te botulism pēpi, te botulism kai rānei, mā te tātari i te toto, te paru, te ruaki rānei mō ngā tohu o te poizon. Engari, ka roa pea ngā rā kia puta mai ngā hua o ēnei whakamātautau. Ko te tirotiro a te kaiwhakarato te huarahi matua hei whakatau i te botulism.

Mō ngā take o te botulism e puta mai ana i te kai, ka whakakorekore pea ngā kaiwhakarato hauora i te pūnaha kai ma te whakaōho i te ruaki me te hoatu rongoā hei āwhina i a koe ki te neke i ō whekau. Ki te pēhea koe he botulism o te whara, ka hiahia pea tetahi kaiwhakarato ki te tango i te kiko kua pangia i roto i te pokanga.

Ka pai ake te tohu e pā ana ki ngā weronga o te potaurinim toxin mō ngā take ataahua, hauora rānei i te wa e ngongohia ana te toxin e te tinana.

Ki te whakatauhia wawe koe ki te botulism e puta mai ana i te kai, te whara rānei, ka whakaitihia e te antitoxin i werohia te tūpono o ngā raruraru. Ka piri te antitoxin ki te toxin e neke ana i roto i ō toto me te pupuri i te kino ki ō pūnaha io.

Kāore te antitoxin e taea te whakahuri i te kino kua oti kē te mahi. Engari ka taea e ngā pūnaha io te whakatikatika i a rātou anō. Ka ora katoa te tini o te iwi. Engari ka roa pea ngā marama te ora me te tikanga ka uru atu ki te rongoā whakaora roa.

He momo antitoxin rerekē, e mohiotia ana ko te botulism immune globulin, te whakamahi ki te whakaora i ngā pēpi.

E taunaki ana ngā rongoā antibiotic mō te whakaora i te botulism o te whara. Kāore ēnei rongoā e whakamahia mō ētahi atu momo botulism, nā te mea ka tere ake te tukunga o ngā toxins.

Ki te raruraru koe ki te manawa, pea ka hiahia koe ki te mīhini hauora mō ngā wiki tae noa ki te maha o ngā wiki i te wa e whawhai ana tō tinana ki ngā pānga o te toxin. Ka whakauruhia e te mīhini hauora te hau ki ō ngā manawa mā te tūpū i whakauruhia ki tō ara manawa mā tō ihu, mā tō waha rānei.

I a koe e ora ana, pea ka hiahia koe ki te rongoā hei whakapai ake i tō kōrero, te horomi me ētahi atu mahi kua pāngia e te botulism.

Kaore he uauatanga