Ngā Āhuatanga Kīkino O Ngā Oko Toto O Te Pūnaha Io Ā-Waenganui

Ko ngā raruraru o te pūnaha io ā-waenganui he take onge e pā ana ki ngā oko toto i te roro, te tūpuna o te tuaiwi rānei, me ō rātou kākahu, e kiia nei ko ngā kiri.

He maha ngā momo o ngā raruraru o te pūnaha io ā-waenganui, tae atu ki:

• Ngā raruraru o te toto-ā-rere (AVM). Ko ēnei he whakapohehe koretake o ngā oko toto e hono ana i ngā ātiretī me ngā uen. Ka taea te whakamahi i te AVM i hea i te tinana. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka puta mai i roto, i tata rānei ki te roro, ki te tuaiwi rānei. Ko tēnei momo te tino morearea o te toto o te roro me ētahi atu raruraru.
• Ngā telangiectasia capillary. Ko ēnei he iti ngā oko toto, e kiia nei ko ngā capillary, he whānui atu i te noa.
• Ngā raruraru o te rua. Ko ēnei he oko toto i te roro, i te tūpuna o te tuaiwi rānei e hangaia ana i te āhua koretake. Ka rite ki te mātua, ki te popcorn rānei.
• Ngā fistula arteriovenous dural. Ko ēnei he hononga koretake i waenganui i ngā ātiretī me te kākahu pakari ki runga i te roro, i te tūpuna o te tuaiwi rānei, e kiia nei ko te dura, me te uen whakaheke.
• Ngā raruraru o te uen. Ko ēnei he uen nui rawa i te roro, i te tūpuna o te tuaiwi rānei. Ka kiia hoki ko ngā āhuatanga o te uen whanaketanga.

Ko ngā tohu kei runga i te momo o te whākākā o te pūnaha io matua me te wāhi e kitea ana. Kāhore he tohu o ētahi whākākā. Ka kitea rātou i runga i ngā whakaahua mō tētahi atu mea.

Ko ētahi tohu mō ētahi whākākā o te pūnaha io matua:

• Te toto.
• Ngā hopu.
• Te mamae o te mahunga.
• Ngā raruraru o te roro me te pūnaha io, e kiia nei ko ngā ngoikoretanga neurological, e kino haere ana i te wā. Ka pā ngā ngoikoretanga neurological ki te kōrero, te tirohanga, te taurite, te mahara me ētahi atu āheinga.

Kaore he uauatanga

Ko te take o ngā raruraru o te pūnaha io o te pūtau waenganui kāhore e mōhiotia. Kei etahi i te wā whānau, e kiia ana ko te whānau. Ko ētahi atu ka puta mai i muri mai.

Ka taea e ētahi āhuatanga ira te whakapiki ake i te tūponotanga o te whānau o te raruraru toto. Ko te whara ki te pūnaha io o te pūtau waenganui pea tētahi atu take.

Kaore he uauatanga

Ko ngā raruraru pea e puta mai:

• Te pēhanga.
• Te pakaru o te roro nā te pakaru o te oko toto.
• Te mate.
• Ngā raruraru ako me te whāinga i ngā tamariki.

Ina puta te toto, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te toto atu. Ki te tangata he ngoikoretanga o te oko toto, pea ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te toto i te wā hapu.

Kaore he uauatanga

Hei whakatau i te ngoikoretanga o te whatumanawa o te pūnaha io, ka titiro te kaiwhakarato hauora ki te hītori whānau o te pēhanga toto, te mate urupare, te āhuatanga rānei e hono ana. Ko ētahi ngoikoretanga whatumanawa ka hanga i te tangi 'whooshing', e kiia nei ko te bruit. Ko te tere o te rere o te toto i roto i te ngoikoretanga ka puta mai te bruit. Ka rongo pea te kaiwhakarato i te tangi mā te stethoscope.

Ko ngā whakamātautau whakaahua penei i te angiogram ka taea te kite i te ngoikoretanga whatumanawa o te pūnaha io. Ka whakaatu te angiogram i te rere o te toto i roto i ngā ātiretī, i ngā uaua toto rānei. Ka puta mai ngā uaua toto i runga i te whakaahua i muri i te ringihia o te tae whakakā i roto i te toto. Ka whakamārama te tae i runga i te kara.

Ka taea te whakamahi i te angiogram whakaata pūkaha, te angiogram tātaritanga rorohiko rānei hei whakatau i te ngoikoretanga whatumanawa o te pūnaha io me te whakarite i te maimoatanga.

Ko ētahi ngoikoretanga whatumanawa, penei i ngā ngoikoretanga kiore, ka kitea mā te whakamahi i ngā kara tātaritanga MRI, CT rānei noa.

Ko te rongoā i te ngoikoretanga o te whatumanawa o te pūnaha io kei runga i te momo ngoikoretanga, kei hea te wāhi, ngā tohu e puta mai ana, me te tūponotanga o te toto. I etahi wā, ko te tirotiro i ngā huringa o te ngoikoretanga me te tūponotanga o te toto pea ko te mea anake e hiahiatia ana.

Ko ētahi rongoā ka taea te whakamahi mō te whakaora i ngā tohu o te ngoikoretanga o te uaua, tae atu ki ngā rongoā anti-seizure mō te whakaora i ngā hopu me ngā kai whakaora mamae mō ngā mamae o te mahunga.

Ka taea te tango i ētahi ngoikoretanga o te whatumanawa o te pūnaha io e nui ana te tūponotanga o te toto. Ko te tikanga kei runga i te ngoikoretanga.

• Taote. Koinei te whakauru ki te roro, ki te tuaka ranei hei tango i te ngoikoretanga. Ko te taote te nuinga o te whakamahi mō te ngoikoretanga o te uaua me te uaua e iti ana, kei te wāhi ngāwari ki te tae atu.

  Pēnei i tetahi taote, he tūponotanga kei reira, pēnei i te mate me te ngaro o te toto. Kei reira hoki te tūponotanga o te pakaru i ngā kiko hauora e tata ana.

• Stereotactic radiosurgery. Koinei te whakamahi i ngā hihi radiation e āta whakatūria ana ki te ngoikoretanga o te whatumanawa. Ka pakaru te radiation i ngā pakitara o ngā oko toto o te ngoikoretanga, ā, ka ngaro i te wā.

  Nō te mea kaore te radiosurgery e whakauru i te tapahi, he iti ake ngā tūponotanga i te taote noa. Heoi, kei reira te tūponotanga o te pakaru o te radiation ki ngā kiko hauora.

• Endovascular embolization. Ko tēnei tikanga te whakamahi i te pūnaha roa, angiangi, e kiia nei ko te catheter. Ka whakanohoia te pūnaha ki roto i te uaua i te waewae, i te pūkahukahu ranei e whāngai ana i te ngoikoretanga. Katahi ka whakatārewatia ki te roro mā te whakamahi i te whakaahua X-ray hei aratohu.

  Mā te pūnaha, ka tuku te taote i ngā kōwhiringa, i te mea rite ki te huka ranei e aukati ana i te uaua, ā, ka whakaiti i te rere o te toto ki te ngoikoretanga.

  Pea kaore te embolization e tango katoa i te ngoikoretanga, kāore rānei ngā hua e roa. Ko te nuinga o te whakamahi tahi me ētahi atu mahi taote.

Kaore he uauatanga