He aha te mate hinengaro schizophrenia tamariki? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te schizophrenia tamariki he mate hinengaro onge engari he tino kino e pā ana ki te whakaaro, te ngakau, me te kite a te tamaiti i te ao. Kei roto i tenei mate ngā tohu penei i ngā whakairoiro, ngā whakaaro teka, me te whakaaro kore whakarite e pā kino ana ki te oranga o ia rā me te whanaketanga o te tamaiti.

Ahakoa pea ka rongo te kupu 'schizophrenia' he wehi, he mea nui kia mōhio kei te taea te ora whai kiko mō ngā tamariki e pangia ana e tēnei mate, mā te maimoatanga me te tautoko tika. He tino nui te kite wawe me te whakauru i te awhina i ngā tamariki ki te whakahaere i ō rātou tohu, ā, kia haere tonu te tipu me te ako.

He aha te schizophrenia tamariki?

Ko te schizophrenia tamariki te mate kotahi me te schizophrenia pakeke, engari ka puta i mua i te 13 tau. Ka pā ki te iti iho i te 1 i roto i ngā tamariki 10,000, ā, he tino onge atu i te schizophrenia pakeke.

Ka whakaroa tenei mate te whanaketanga noa o te roro o te tamaiti, ā, ka pā ki tōna kaha ki te wehewehe i te mea pono me te mea kāhore.

Ka rongo pea ngā tamariki e pangia ana e te schizophrenia i ngā reo, ka kite i ngā mea kāhore, kāhore rānei e whakapono ki ngā mea e tika ana.

Ka puta wawe ake te schizophrenia, ka kaha ake te kino. Heoi, ehara tena i te kī kāhore he tumanako – ko te tikanga ko te maimoatanga whānui me te tautoko ka nui ake te hiranga mō te awhina i te tamaiti kia ora.

He aha ngā tohu o te schizophrenia tamariki?

He uaua pea te kite i ngā tohu i ngā tamariki, nā te mea ka rite pea etahi whāinga ki te whakaaro noa o te tamarikitanga, ki ngā wāhanga whanaketanga rānei. Ko te rerekētanga matua ko ngā tohu schizophrenia he mau tonu, he kino, ā, ka whakaroa i te kaha o te tamaiti ki te mahi noa.

Tā te titiro ki ngā kāwai matua o ngā tohu ka kitea pea e koe:

Ngā tohu pai (ngā wheako kāhore noa i te wā)

• Mōhiti: Āta waiatatia e tō tamaiti ngā reo, e kite i ngā tāngata, i ngā mea rānei kāore i reira, kāore rānei e kite i ngā āhuatanga o tōna kiri.
• Whakaaro-he: Pea e mau ana rātou ki ngā whakapono kaha kāore i te pūmau i te pono, pēnei i te whakaaro kei te ngana tetahi ki te whakamataku i a rātou.
• Kōrero kore-whakahaere: Pea ka peke haere ngā kōrero a rātou i tētahi kaupapa ki tētahi kaupapa, kāore he hononga mārama.
• Aronga kore-whakahaere: Pea ka mahi rātou i ngā huarahi e whakaatu ana i te mea ke, i te mea koretake rānei mō te āhuatanga.

Ngā tohu kino (whakaiti i ngā whāinga noa)

• Whakaiti i te whakaatu o ngā kare-a-roto: Pea ka kitea tō tamaiti he pōuri, he kore-kare rānei, ahakoa i ngā āhuatanga ka whakapakari i a rātou i te koa, i te pouri rānei.
• Whakaiti i te whakaohooho: Pea ka ngaro te hiahia ki ngā mahi i arohaina e rātou i mua.
• Tango atu i te whānau: Pea ka neke atu rātou i te whānau me ngā hoa.
• Kōrero whakaiti: Pea ka kōrero iti atu i mua, ka whakahoki kupu poto rawa rānei.

Ngā tohu hinengaro

• Uaua ki te aro: Pea ka uaua tō tamaiti ki te aro ki ngā mahi kura, ki ngā kōrero rānei.
• Ngā raruraru māhara: Pea ka uaua ki te mahara ki ngā mea i puta mai noa atu.
• Ngā raruraru whakatau-raruraru: Pea ka uaua ngā mahi ngāwari i mua.

Ko te tikanga ka whanake haeretia ēnei tohu i roto i ngā marama, kāore i te puta ohorere. Mēnā ka kite koe i ētahi o ēnei tohu e mau tonu ana mō ngā wiki, he mea nui kia kōrero ki te taote o tō tamaiti.

He aha ngā take o te mate hinengaro tamariki?

Kāore i tino mōhiotia te take tika o te mate hinengaro tamariki, engari e whakapono ana ngā kairangahau he hua mai i te whakakotahitanga o ngā take ira, ngā roro, me ngā taiao. Kāore he take kotahi e puta ai tēnei āhuatanga – he rite tonu ki te maha o ngā pūkenga e huihui ana.

Ko ēnei ngā take nui kua kitea e ngā kairangi:

Ngā take ira

Mēnā he mema o te whānau kei a rātou te mate hinengaro, ka piki ake te tūponotanga, engari kāo te whakamana ka whiwhi te tamaiti i te mate. Ahakoa kei a ngā mātua e rua te mate hinengaro, ka kore te nuinga o ngā tamariki e whiwhi.

Ka taea e ētahi rerekētanga ira te whakapakari i ētahi tamariki kia nui ake te tūponotanga ki te whiwhi i te mate hinengaro ina honoa ki ētahi atu take tūponotanga. Whakaarohia te ira hei hanga i te wāhi tūponotanga, kāo te tino.

Ngā rerekētanga whanaketanga o te roro

Ka kitea pinepine ngā rerekētanga i roto i te hanganga me te mahi o te roro o ngā tamariki e whai ana i te mate hinengaro. Ka taea pea te kite i ēnei rerekētanga mai i te whānautanga, te whānautanga rānei.

Ka rerekē pea te whanaketanga o ngā wāhanga o te roro e whakahaere ana i te whakaaro, te mahara, me te kite i ngā tamariki ka whānau mai te mate hinengaro. Ka pā ēnei huringa ki te āhua e tukatuka ai te roro i ngā mōhiohio me ngā wheako.

Ngā take taiao

Ka taea e ētahi wheako i te wā hapu, i te wā tamariki rānei te piki ake o te tūponotanga ina honoa ki te ngoikore ira:

• Ngā raruraru i te wā hapu, i te whānautanga rānei
• Te whakaū ki ngā huaketo, ki ngā mate rānei i te wā hapu
• Te ahotea nui, te mamae rānei i te wā tamariki
• Ngā hapa kai i te wā hapu

He mea nui kia mārama kāore ngā mātua e whakaeke i te mate hinengaro o tō rātou tamaiti mā o rātou mātauranga, mā tetahi mahi motuhake rānei. Ka whānau mai tēnei mate nā ngā take ira rāpoi e kore e taea te whakahaere e te tangata.

Nōhea te toro atu ki te taote mō te mate hinengaro tamariki?

Me whakapiri atu koe ki te taote o tō tamaiti mēnā ka kite koe i ngā huringa pumau i roto i tō rātou whāinga, whakaaro, te kite rānei e roa ana mo ngā wiki maha. Ka taea e te whakauru wawe te whakarereke nui i te hua o tō tamaiti.

Whakaarohia te toro atu ki te kaiwhakarato hauora mēnā ka pā ki tō tamaiti:

• Mōhiohio pōrangi mau, kāore rānei e kōrero ana mō te whakarongo ki ngā reo
• Ngā whakapono kaha e āhua kore hononga ana ki te tūturutanga
• Ngā huringa nui ki ō rātou kaha ki te whakaaro mārama, ki te whakawhiti kōrero rānei
• Te whakamāhakatanga nui atu i ngā mahi me ngā hononga
• Te hekenga nui o te mahi kura, te tiaki i a rātou anō rānei

Kaua e tatari kia pai ake ngā tohu. Ko ngā āhuatanga hauora hinengaro i ngā tamariki e hiahia ana ki te tautoko ngaio hei whakahaere pai.

Mēnā kei te kōrero tō tamaiti mō te hiahia ki te whara i a rātou anō, ki ētahi atu rānei, ki te āhua kino rānei, rapuhia te tiaki hauora tūturu tonu. Koinei tonu te whiringa tika ina he āhuatanga te haumaru.

He aha ngā take tūponotanga mō te schizophrenia tamariki?

Ka taea e te mārama ki ngā take tūponotanga te āwhina i a koe ki te mohio ki te wā hei tiaki atu mō te hauora hinengaro o tō tamaiti. Heoi, ko te whai i ngā take tūponotanga kahore e tikanga ka whanake tō tamaiti i te schizophrenia.

Ko ēnei ngā take ka piki ake pea te tūponotanga o te whanaketanga o te schizophrenia tamariki:

Hītori whānau

Ko te whai mātua, te teina rānei e pangia ana e te schizophrenia ka piki ake te tūponotanga, ahakoa ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki e whai whānau pāngia ana kahore e whanake i te āhuatanga. Ka piki ake te tūponotanga ki te maha o ngā mema o te whānau e pangia ana e te schizophrenia, ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora hinengaro nui rānei.

Ngā take i mua i te whānautanga, me ngā take whānautanga

• Ngā raruraru i te wā hapu, i te whānautanga rānei
• Te whakaū o te whaea ki ētahi mate i te wā hapu
• Te ngoikore kai nui i te wā hapu
• Te whānautanga wawe, te iti rānei o te taumaha whānautanga

Ngā take whanaketanga wawe

Ko ētahi tamariki ka whanake i muri mai i te schizophrenia e whakaatu ana i ngā tohu wawe o ngā rerekētanga whanaketanga. Ka uru pea ēnei ki te whakaroa kōrero, ngā pūkenga motuka, te whanaketanga pāpori rānei.

Heoi, ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki e whai whakaroa whanaketanga ana kahore e whanake i te schizophrenia, na reira ko ēnei rerekētanga wawe kahore e kī i te āhuatanga.

Ngā āhuatanga tuku iho onge

Ko ētahi mate tuku iho onge, pēnei i te mate ngaro 22q11.2, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te whanaketanga o te mate hinengaro. Me ata tirotirohia ngā tamariki e pangia ana e ēnei āhuatanga e ngā kaiwhakarato hauora.

Kia mahara ko ngā take tūponotanga ka āwhina noa i ngā tākuta ki te mōhio ko wai pea ka whai hua i te tirotiro tata. Kāo te whakatau i te heke mai o tō tamaiti, kāore hoki e whakamana i tētahi hua motuhake.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te mate hinengaro tamariki?

Me kore te rongoā tika, ka āhei te mate hinengaro tamariki ki te arahi ki ngā wero nui e pā ana ki ngā wāhanga maha o te ora o tō tamaiti. Heoi, mā te tiaki me te tautoko tika, ka taea te aukati, te whakaiti rānei i te nuinga o ēnei raruraru.

Ko ēnei ngā wāhanga matua ka puta mai pea ngā raruraru:

Ngā raruraru mātauranga me te whānau

Ko ngā tamariki e kore e rongoātia te mate hinengaro ka whakamamae pinepine i te kura nā te raru o te aro, te whānau, te whakaaro rānei kore whakarite. Ka raru pea rātou ki te pupuri i ngā hononga hoa, ki te whai wāhi rānei ki ngā mahi whānau.

Ka āhei ēnei wero ki te hinga i muri i te mātauranga, ki te motu rānei i ngā hoa. Ka āhei te whakauru wawe me te tautoko kura ki te ārai i ēnei raruraru kei te nui rawa.

Ngā āwangawanga whānau me te ora

Ka whānau pea etahi tamariki i te whānau kino, i te whai wāhi rānei ki ngā mahi tūpono nā ō rātou tohu. Ka wareware pea ētahi ki ō rātou tikanga whaiaro, ki te ora rānei nā te whakaaro kore whakarite.

I ētahi wā onge, ka whara pea ngā tamariki i a rātou anō, i ētahi atu rānei, ina koa ki te pā ana ki ngā whānau nui, ki ngā whakaaro teka rānei. Koia te take he mea nui te rongoā ngaio.

Te ahotea whānau me te whakakorikori

Ko te tiaki i tētahi tamaiti e pangia ana e te mate hinengaro ka whakamauiui ngākau me te tinana mō ngā whānau. Ka ngaro pea ngā teina, ka whakapohehe rānei ki te whānau o tō rātou teina, tō rātou tuahine rānei.

Ka taea e te whakaora whānau me ngā rōpū tautoko te āwhina i te whānau katoa kia mārama ki te āhuatanga me te whānau i ngā rautaki whakahaere hauora tahi.

Ngā pānga whanaketanga roa

Ko te wā i puta mai ai te mate hinengaro, ko te nui ake o te āhuatanga ki te whanaketanga o te roro me te ako. Koia te take i nui ai te āwhina tere mō te tiaki i te kaha o tō tamaiti.

Mā te rongoā tika, ka taea e te tini o ngā tamariki e pangia ana e te mate hinengaro te whakawhāiti tonu i ngā pūkenga ora nui me te pupuri i ngā hononga whai kiko i o rātou oranga.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te mate hinengaro tamariki?

Ko te whakatau i te mate hinengaro tamariki e hiahia ana ki te aromatawai tika mai i ngā tohunga hauora hinengaro e mōhio ana ki te mahi me ngā tamariki. Kāore he whakamātautau kotahi mō te mate hinengaro – engari, ka whakamahi ngā tākua i ngā uiui taipitopito, ngā tirohanga, me ngā aromatawai.

Ko te tukanga whakatau i te nuinga o ngā kaupae hei whakarite i te tika:

Arotake hinengaro whānui

Ka mahi te kaitātari hinengaro tamariki, te tohunga hinengaro rānei i ngā uiui taipitopito ki a kōrua me tō tamaiti. Ka ui rātou mō ngā tohu, te wā i tīmata ai, me te āhua o te pānga ki te oranga o ia rā.

Ka tirotiro hoki te taakuta i te whāinga o tō tamaiti, ngā āhuatanga kōrero, me ngā tukanga whakaaro i ēnei hui. Ka āwhina tēnei ki a rātou kia mārama ki te kaha me te āhua o ngā tohu.

Tirohanga hauora

Ka hiahia tō tamaiti ki te whakamātautau tinana me ētahi whakamātautau taiwhanga pea hei whakakore i ngā āhuatanga hauora e āhei ana te whakaputa i ngā tohu rite. Ka taea e ētahi mate, ngā whara o te roro, me ētahi atu raruraru hauora te whakaatu i ngā tohu o te mate hinengaro.

Ka tirotiro pea te taakuta i te hītori hauora o tō tamaiti me ngā rongoā e inu ana rātou kia kore ai he mea ke e āwhina ana ki ō rātou tohu.

Whakamātautau hinengaro

Ka taea e ngā whakamātautau motuhake te awhina i te aromatawai i ngā kaha whakaaro, te mahara, me te whakaaro o tō tamaiti. Ka āwhina ēnei whakamātautau i ngā tākua ki te mārama ki te āhua o te āhuatanga e pā ana ki te mahi hinengaro o tō tamaiti.

Ka whakarato hoki ngā hua i te kaupae taketake mō te aroturuki i ngā whakapainga me te maimoatanga i te wā.

Te Matapaki i te Wā

Nō te mea me mau tonu ngā tohu o te mate hinengaro ki te iti rawa kia ono marama mō te whakatau, ka ata tirotirohia e ngā tākua ngā tamariki i te wā i mua i te whakatutuki i te whakatau whakamutunga. Ka āwhina tēnei huarahi atawhai ki te whakarite i te tika me te aukati i te whakatau he.

I roto i tēnei wā, ka taea pea e tō tamaiti te whiwhi i te maimoatanga tautoko hei awhina i te whakahaere i ngā tohu i te wā e haere tonu ana te tukanga whakatau.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te mate hinengaro tamariki?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te mate hinengaro tamariki te nuinga o te wā he whakakotahitanga o te rongoā, te whakaora, me ngā ratonga tautoko. Ko te whāinga ko te whakaiti i ngā tohu, te whakapai ake i te mahi, me te awhina i tō tamaiti ki te ora i te oranga noa ka taea.

Koinei ngā mea e whakauruhia ana e te maimoatanga whānui:

Rongoā

Ko ngā rongoā antipsychotic te maimoatanga matua mō ngā tohu o te mate hinengaro. Ka āwhina ēnei rongoā ki te whakaiti i ngā whakairoiro, ngā whakaaro teka, me te whakaaro kore.

Ka tīmata te tākua o tō tamaiti ki te horoinga iti rawa e mahi ana, ā, ka ata tirotirohia ngā pānga. Ko te kimi i te rongoā me te horoinga tika he maha tonu te wā me te manawanui.

Ko ngā pānga noa pea ko te piki o te taumaha, te moe, te raruraru o te nekehanga. Ka mahi tahi tō tākua me koe ki te whakahaere i ēnei pānga i te wā e mau tonu ana te mana o ngā tohu.

Whakaora takitahi

Ka taea e te whakaora whanonga mohio (CBT) te awhina i tō tamaiti ki te mārama ki tōna āhuatanga me te whakawhanake i ngā rautaki whakahaere. Ka whakaako tēnei momo whakaora i ngā pūkenga mahi mō te whakahaere i ngā tohu me te whakapai ake i te mahi o ia rā.

Ka taea te whakamahi i te rongoā takaro, i ētahi atu huarahi e tika ana mō te pakeke o ngā tamariki iti. Ka whakarite te kaiwhakaora i tōna huarahi ki te taumata whanaketanga o tō tamaiti me ōna hiahia motuhake.

Whakaora whānau

Ka āwhina te whakaora whānau i te katoa o tō whare ki te mārama ki te mate hinengaro, ā, ki te ako ki te tautoko pai i tō tamaiti. Ka taea e tēnei te whakaiti i te ahotea o te whānau, ā, ka whakapai ake te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero.

Ka ako koe i ngā rautaki mō te whakahaere i ngā whāinga uaua, ā, mō te hanga i tētahi taiao kāinga tautoko. Ka whakawhiwhia hoki ki ō tamariki kē atu ngā wā hei uiui, hei whakaatu i ō rātou ngākau.

Tautoko kura

He mea nui te mahi tahi me te kura o tō tamaiti mō tōna mātauranga tonu me tōna whanaketanga pāpori. Ka uru pea tēnei ki te whakawhanake i tētahi mahere mātauranga takitahi (IEP) i tētahi rānei mahere 504.

Ka uru pea ngā whakarite motuhake ki te wā atu mō ngā whakamātautau, ki tētahi wāhi māhorahora hei mahi, i ngā mahi whakarerekē rānei. Ko te whāinga ko te āwhina i tō tamaiti kia angitu i ngā mahi ako i te wā e whakahaere ana i ōna tohu.

Whakangungu pūkenga pāpori

He tokomaha ngā tamariki e pangia ana e te mate hinengaro e whai hua ana i ngā kaupapa whakarite e whakaako ana i ngā pūkenga pāpori, ā, e āwhina ana i a rātou ki te mahi tahi me ētahi atu. Ka taea e ēnei kaupapa te aukati i te motu, ā, ka whakapai ake ngā hononga.

Ka taea hoki e te rongoā rōpū me ētahi atu tamariki e tūturu ana ki ngā wero rite te whakarato i te tautoko hoa, i te mārama.

Me pēhea te whakarato tautoko kāinga i te wā o te mate hinengaro tamariki?

Ko te hanga i tētahi taiao kāinga tautoko he mea nui ki te ora ake o tō tamaiti me tōna oranga pai tonu. Ko tō aroha, ko tō manawanui, ko tō mārama he rerekētanga nui ki tōna haerenga.

Ko ēnei ngā huarahi mahi hei tautoko i tō tamaiti i te kāinga:

Titiro ki ngā mahi me te hanganga

He maha ngā tamariki e pangia ana e te mate hinengaro e whai hua ana i ngā mahi o ia rā e whai kiko ana. Ka taea e ngā wā kai, ngā wā moe, me ngā kaupapa mahi te whakaiti i te manukanuka, ā, te whakapai ake i te mahi.

Kia ngāwari te whakarereke o ngā mahi tāruarua kia rite ki ngā hiahia o tō tamaiti, ā, kia mau tonu te ātete e hiahia ana rātou. Ā, pea ka hiahiatia te whakarerekē i ngā tumanakohanga i ngā wā uaua.

Waiho he taiao mālie

Whakaitihia te ahotea me te nui rawa o te whakaohooho i tō kāinga i ngā wā e taea ana. Pea ka āhei tēnei ki te pupuri i ngā taumata o te haruru, te whakaiti i ngā manuhiri i ngā wā uaua, te whakatū rānei i tētahi wāhi mālie e taea ai e tō tamaiti te hūnuku atu.

Heoi, kaua e wehe ke atu tō tamaiti – e hiahia tonu ana rātou ki te whānau me ngā mahi e rite ana ki tō rātou pakeke kia mau tonu te whanaketanga pāpori.

Whakatenatena te whai i te rongoā

Āwhina i tō tamaiti kia mārama ai te take nui o te rongoā mō rātou, ā, mahi tahi me rātou kia inu tonu. Pea ka taea e koe te whakamahi i ngā kaiwhakarite rongoā, ngā whakamaharatanga, ngā pūnaha utu rānei hei whakamama i tēnei.

Kaua rawa e whakarerekē, kāore rānei e mutu ngā rongoā me te kore e ui ki te taote o tō tamaiti, ahakoa ka pai ake te ahua o ngā tohu. He mea nui te whakamahinga rongoā tonu hei ārai i te hokinga mai.

Kōrero whakatūwhera, mālie

Kōrero ki tō tamaiti mō ō rātou wheako me te kore whakawa, me te wehi. Mēnā kei te mōhio rātou, whakaae ki ō rātou ngākau, ā, whakahoki mālie atu ki te tūturu.

Whakamahia te reo ngāwari, mārama, ā, kaua e tautohetohe mō ngā whakaaro teka. Engari, arotahi ki te āhua o ō rātou ngākau me te aha ka āhei te awhina i a rātou kia haumaru ake, kia māhaki ake rānei.

Aroturuki i ngā tohu whakatūpato

Ako ki te mohio ki ngā tohu o mua ka kino ake pea ngā tohu o tō tamaiti. Pea ka uru atu ēnei ki ngā whakarerekētanga i ngā tauira moe, te whakaheke i te whakauru atu, te hokinga mai rānei o ngā mōhio.

Tūhono i tētahi pukapuka mō ngā tohu me ngā mea whakaohooho hei whakawhiti atu ki te rōpū maimoatanga o tō tamaiti. Ka āwhina ēnei kōrero i ngā tākuta ki te whakarerekē i ngā mahere maimoatanga kia rite ki te hiahia.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō ō hui ki te taote?

Ko te whakarite pai mō ngā hui he āwhina ki te whakarite kia whiwhi tō tamaiti i te tiaki pai rawa atu. Ka āwhina hoki te whakarite pai ki te whakapono ake, ki te mana whakahaere ake i ngā wā e āhei ana te manukanuka.

Ko te huarahi pai ki te whakamahi i ō whakatau:

Tūhonohia ngā rēkōti

Tuhia ngā tauira mōhiohio o ngā tohu, tae atu ki ngā mea i puta, te wā i puta ai, me te roa o te roa. Whakauruhia ngā whāinga raru me ngā whanaketanga pai.

Aroturukihia ngā pānga o te rongoā, tae atu ki ngā pānga taha e kitea ana e koe. Tūhonohia te wā o ngā rongoā me ngā rongoā kua ngaro.

Whakamahia ō pūrongo