He aha te Coarctation o te Aorta? Ngā Tōmhanga, Ngā Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te coarctation o te aorta he hapa whānau e whakaiti ana i tetahi wāhanga o te ngota toto nui o tō tinana. Ka whakapau kaha ake tēnei whakaiti i tō ngākau ki te pupuhi i te toto puta noa i tō tinana. Whakaarohia he paipa wāhaina me tetahi kōwhiti pēpihi i waenganui – ka rere tonu te wai, engari he nui ake te pehanga i muri i te kōwhiti.

Ka pā tēnei āhuatanga ki te 1 i roto i ngā pēpi 2,500 e whānau ana ia tau. Ahakoa he āhuatanga kino te ahua, ka whakarato ngā rongoā hou i ngā whiringa maimoatanga pai e taea ai te awhina i ngā tāngata me tēnei āhuatanga kia ora ai i ngā oranga tino pai, hauora.

He aha te Coarctation o te Aorta?

Ka puta te coarctation o te aorta ina whakaitihia, kātaia rānei tētahi wāhanga o te aorta – te oko toto nui rawa atu o tō tinana. Ka kawe te aorta i te toto whai-hākari-hākari mai i tō ngākau ki te toenga o tō tinana.

Ko te nuinga, ka puta tēnei whakaiti tata ki te hononga o te ductus arteriosus ki te aorta. He oko toto tēnei ductus arteriosus kei ngā pēpi katoa i mua i te whānautanga, ka kati noa i muri i te whānautanga. Ki te whānau te coarctation ki tēnei wāhi, ka taea e ia te waihanga i ngā raruraru nui o te rere toto.

Ka whakapau kaha ake tō ngākau ki te pupuhi i te toto ki tua atu i te kōwhiti. Ka taea e tēnei mahi nui ake te piki haere o tō pehanga toto ki tō tinana o runga, me te whakaiti i te rere toto ki tō tinana o raro.

He aha ngā Tōmhanga o te Coarctation o te Aorta?

Ka rereke ngā tōmhanga, kei te nui o te whakaiti me te wā i whānau ai. He tohu marama ētahi i te wā pēpi, engari ka kore ētahi e kite i ngā raruraru tae noa ki te pakeketanga.

I ngā pēpi hou me ngā pēpi, ka taea e koe te kite i ēnei tohu āwangawanga:

• Te uaua ki te manawa, te tere o te manawa
• Te kai kino, te iti o te kai i te mea noa
• Te kiri ma, te kiri hina
• Te wera nui i te wā e kai ana
• Te riri, te ngangau
• Te kore e piki te taumaha
• Ngā ringa me ngā waewae makariri

Ka puta pinepine ēnei tōmhanga ina kati te ductus arteriosus i roto i ngā rā, wiki rānei tuatahi o te ora. Ka taea e tēnei kati te whakaiti ake i te whakaiti me te waihanga i tetahi āhuatanga mate e hiahia ana ki te tiaki wawe.

Ka rereke ngā tōmhanga o ngā tamariki me ngā pakeke me ngā take ngawari:

• Te pehanga toto teitei i ngā ringa
• Ngā mamae o te upoko e puta ana, e ngaro ana
• Te ngoikore o ngā uaua i ngā waewae
• Ngā waewae makariri, ngā mamae o ngā waewae
• Ngā toto ihu e puta pinepine ana
• Te mamae o te uma i te wā e mahi tinana ana
• Te poto o te manawa me te mahi tinana

Ka whānau ētahi i te mea e kiia ana e ngā tākuta he "rerenga toto tautoko" i te wā. Ko te tikanga tenei kua waihanga tō tinana i ngā huarahi hou mō te rere toto i te wāhi whakaiti, ka taea te whakaiti i ngā tōmhanga, engari kaore e whakatika i te raruraru.

He aha ngā momo Coarctation o te Aorta?

Ka whakarōpū ngā tākuta i te coarctation i runga i te wāhi e puta ai te whakaiti me te hononga ki ētahi atu oko toto. Ka āwhina te mārama ki ēnei momo ki te whakatau i te huarahi maimoatanga pai.

Ka puta te coarctation preductal i mua i te hononga o te ductus arteriosus ki te aorta. Ka mate pinepine tēnei momo i ngā pēpi hou, no te mea ina kati te ductus arteriosus, ka whakaitihia te rere toto ki te tinana o raro.

Ka puta te coarctation postductal i muri i te hononga o te ductus arteriosus. Ka whānau noa tēnei momo i te wā roa, ā, ka kore pea e puta ngā tōmhanga tae noa ki muri i te tamarikitanga, te pakeketanga rānei.

Ka whānau te coarctation juxtaductal i te hononga. Koinei te momo tino noa, ā, ka taea te puta ngā tōmhanga i ngā tau rerekē, kei te nui o te whakaiti.

He aha ngā Take o te Coarctation o te Aorta?

Ka whānau te coarctation o te aorta i te wā hapu ina hangaia te ngākau me ngā oko toto o tō pēpi. Kaore i tino mārama te take tino e puta ai tēnei, engari kua kitea e ngā kairangahau ngā take maha e āwhina ana.

He tino mahi ngā take ira i roto i ngā take maha. Ka whiwhi ētahi tamariki i ngā ira e pā ana ki te whānautanga o ō rātou oko toto, ka piki ake te tupono o te coarctation.

Ka piki ake te tūpono o te coarctation i ētahi āhuatanga ira:

• Te mate Turner – he āhuatanga ira e pā ana ki ngā kōhine
• Te wae aorta bicuspid – kei reira ngā rau rua i te wae ngākau, ehara i te toru
• Te mate ngākau maui hypoplastic – te kore whānautanga o te taha maui o te ngākau
• Ngā hapa o te wae mitral
• Te mate Shone – he huinga o ngā hapa ngākau maha

Ka taea hoki e ngā take taiao i te wā hapu te āwhina, ahakoa he iti ake te mārama o ngā mōhiohio. Ka whakaatu ētahi rangahau ko ētahi rongoā, ngā mate, te whakaū ki ngā poizon pea ka piki ake te tūpono, engari he nui ake ngā rangahau e hiahiatia ana ki te whakau i ēnei hononga.

I roto i ngā take onge, ka taea te whānau o te coarctation i muri i te ora na te āhuatanga e pā ana ki te whakaū, te mumura rānei o te aorta, pēnei i te arteritis Takayasu, te atherosclerosis nui rānei.

Nōhea te Tiro ki te Tākuta mō te Coarctation o te Aorta?

Rapua te tiaki hauora wawe mena ka whakaatu tō pēpi hou i ngā tohu o ngā raruraru ngākau. Ngā tōmhanga āwangawanga: te uaua ki te manawa, te kai kino, te kiri ma, te kikorangi rānei, te ngangau nui e kore e pai ake me ngā tikanga whakamarie noa.

Mō ngā tamariki pakeke me ngā pakeke, whakaritea he haerenga ki te tākuta mena ka kite koe i te pehanga toto teitei tonu, ina koa ki te teitei ake i ō ringa i ō waewae. Ngā tohu āwangawanga: ngā mamae o te upoko, te ngoikore o ngā waewae i te wā e mahi tinana ana, te mamae o te uma me te mahi tinana.

Ka tino nui ngā tirotiro noa mena he hītori whānau o ngā hapa ngākau, te whakatau rānei i ngā āhuatanga e hono ana pēnei i te mate Turner, te wae aorta bicuspid rānei.

Kaua e tatari mena ka kino ngā tōmhanga, ka puta mai rānei ngā tōmhanga hou. Ka taea e te kitenga wawe me te maimoatanga te aukati i ngā raruraru nui me te whakapai ake i ngā hua roa.

He aha ngā Tūpono mō te Coarctation o te Aorta?

Ka taea e ngā take maha te piki ake o te tūpono o te whānautanga o te coarctation o te aorta. Ka āwhina te mārama ki ēnei take tūpono i ngā whānau me ngā tākuta kia mataara ki ngā tohu pea.

Ka piki ake tō tūpono mena he wahine koe, ina koa ki te mate Turner koe. Ko te 10-30% o ngā kōhine me te mate Turner ka whānau i te coarctation, ka tino nui te tirotiro ngākau mō tēnei taupori.

He mahi nui te hītori whānau i te aromatawai tūpono:

• He mātua, teina rānei me te coarctation
• Ngā mema whānau me ētahi atu hapa ngākau whānau
• Ngā whanaunga me te wae aorta bicuspid
• Ngā mate ira e pā ana ki te whānautanga o te ngākau

Ka taea hoki e ētahi take hapu te pā ki te tūpono, ahakoa he iti ake te mārama o ēnei. Kua akohia te pakeke o te whaea, te mate huka i te wā hapu, me te whakaū ki ētahi rongoā, engari kaore i whakatūria ngā hononga marama.

Ka piki ake ō tūpono ki te coarctation mena he hapa ngākau anō koe. Ko te 85% o ngā tāngata me te coarctation he hapa ngākau anō, ko te wae aorta bicuspid te tino noa.

He aha ngā Raruraru pea o te Coarctation o te Aorta?

Me kore te maimoatanga tika, ka taea e te coarctation o te aorta te arahi ki ngā raruraru hauora nui i te wā roa. Ko te rongo pai, ka taea te aukati i te nuinga o ngā raruraru me te tiaki hauora tika.

Ko te pehanga toto teitei te raruraru roa tino noa. Ka whakapau kaha ake tō ngākau na te aorta whakaiti, ka taea te kino ki tō pūnaha ngākau i ngā tau maha.

Ka taea te whānau o ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te ngākau i te wā roa:

• Te nui o te ngākau maui na te whakapau kaha
• Te kore kaha o te ngākau mena ka ngoikore rawa te uaua
• Te mate oko koroni i te wā roa
• Ngā rereke o te ngākau
• Ngā raruraru o te wae aorta

Ka taea hoki te puta o ngā raruraru oko toto, ina koa ki te kore te pehanga toto teitei e whakahaeretia pai. Ngā mea: te pēhanga, ngā aneurysms i roto i ngā oko toto o te roro, te whakapakeketanga wawe o ngā oko toto puta noa i tō tinana.

I roto i ngā take onge, ka taea e te coarctation kore-maimoatia nui te waihanga i ngā raruraru whatukuhu na te whakaiti o te rere toto, te mate rānei o ngā wae ngākau e kiia ana ko te endocarditis.

Ka taea e te hapu te waihanga i ngā tūpono motuhake mō ngā wāhine me te coarctation, no te mea ka taea e te nui o te toto me ngā tono ngākau te whakapā atu i te ngākau kua whakapau kaha. Engari, me te tirotiro hauora tika, ka taea e ngā wāhine maha te kawe i ngā hapu ki te wā.

Me pēhea te Whakatau o te Coarctation o te Aorta?

Ka tīmata te whakatau ina kitea e te tākuta ngā kitenga rerekē i te wā o te tirotiro tinana noa. Ko te tohu tino noa ko te ngākau murmur – he oro atu e rangona ana ina whakarongo ki tō ngākau me te stethoscope.

Ka tirotirohia e tō tākuta te pehanga toto i ō ringa me ō waewae. I te coarctation, ko te pehanga i ō ringa teitei ake i ō waewae, ka waihanga tēnei i te tauira motuhake e piki ake ai te whakaaro.

Ka taea e ngā whakamātautau whakaahua maha te whakau i te whakatau me te whakaatu i te wāhi me te nui o te whakaiti:

• Te echocardiogram – ka whakamahi i ngā ngaru oro ki te waihanga i ngā pikitia nekehanga o tō ngākau
• Te CT scan – ka whakarato i ngā pikitia tapawha taipitopito o tō aorta
• Te MRI – ka whakarato i te tirohanga pai me te kore whakaū
• Te catheterization ngākau – ko te whakauru i tetahi pūtau angiangi puta noa i ngā oko toto mō te ine tika

Ka taea e ngā X-rays uma te whakaatu i ngā huringa āhuatanga i ō iwi e kiia ana ko te "rib notching," e whānau ana ina nui ake ngā oko toto i ō iwi ki te kawe i te toto atu i te wāhi whakaiti.

Mō ngā pēpi hou me ngā tōmhanga nui, ka puta wawe te whakatau i te whare hauora. Ka taea e te pulse oximetry, e ine ana i ngā taumata hākari i tō toto, te awhina i te kite i ngā raruraru i mua atu o ngā tōmhanga marama.

He aha te Maimoatanga mō te Coarctation o te Aorta?

Ka whakawhirinaki te maimoatanga ki te nui o tō coarctation me te wā i kitea ai. Ko te whāinga tonu ko te whakakore i te whakaiti me te whakahoki mai i te rere toto noa puta noa i tō tinana.

Mō ngā pēpi hou me te coarctation nui, pea ka hiahiatia te maimoatanga wawe ki te whakau i a rātou i mua i te pokanga. Ka uru pinepine tēnei ki ngā rongoā ki te pupuri i te ductus arteriosus kia tuwhera, ka taea te whakapai ake i te rere toto mo te wā poto.

Ko te whakatikatika pokanga te maimoatanga tino noa me te whai hua:

• Te anastomosis mutunga-ki-mutunga – te tango i te wāhanga whakaiti me te hono anō i te aorta
• Te whakatikatika papatahi – te whakamahi i te rauemi ki te whānui ake i te wāhi whakaiti
• Te pokanga ara hou – te waihanga i tetahi ara hou i te wāhi whakaiti
• Te whakatikatika mutunga-ki-mutunga roa – mō ngā wāhi roa o te whakaiti

Ka whakarato te angioplasty poroporo i tetahi whiringa iti ake mō ētahi tāngata. I te wā o tēnei mahi, ka whakauru te tākuta i tetahi pūtau angiangi me te pito poroporo puta noa i ō oko toto ki te wāhi whakaiti, ka pupuhi i te poroporo ki te whakawhānui ake i te aorta.

Pea ka tūtohutia te whakanoho stent me te angioplasty. He pūtau whatu rino iti tētahi stent e noho ana i te wāhi ki te āwhina i te pupuri i te aorta kia tuwhera i muri i te whakawhānui poroporo.

Ko te whiriwhiri i waenga i te pokanga me ngā maimoatanga e pā ana ki te catheter ka whakawhirinaki ki tō tau, te wāhi me te nui o te whakaiti, me te mea kei a koe ētahi atu raruraru ngākau e hiahia ana ki te whakatika.

Me pēhea te Tango i te Maimoatanga Kāinga i te Wā o te Coarctation o te Aorta?

Ko te whakahaere i te coarctation i te kāinga e aro ana ki te tautoko i tō hauora ngākau whānui me te whai i ngā tūtohu motuhake a tō tākuta. Ka whakawhirinaki tō huarahi ki te mea kua maimoatia koe me te pai o te whakahaere o tō āhuatanga.

Ka waiho te aroturuki pehanga toto hei wāhanga nui o tō mahi noa. Pea ka tūtohu tō tākuta kia tirotirohia e koe tō pehanga toto i te kāinga, ina koa ki te tango koe i ngā rongoā ki te whakahaere.

Ko te whakahaere rongoā e hiahia ana ki te aro nui ki te wā me te horoinga:

• Tangohia ngā rongoā pehanga toto kia rite ki te whakahau
• Kaua e ngaro ngā horoinga ahakoa kei te pai koe
• Pupurihia he rārangi o ngā rongoā katoa mō ngā whakaritenga hauora
• Pātai atu ki tō kaihoko rongoā mō ngā hononga rongoā
• Whakamōhio wawe ki tō tākuta ngā pānga

Pea ka hiahiatia ngā whakarerekētanga mahi, ina koa mō ngā tamariki me ngā taitamariki. Ka whakarato tō kaitātari ngākau i ngā aratohu motuhake mō ngā hākinakina me ngā mahi e ora ana, kei runga i tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Ka taea e ngā whiringa kai me te oranga te pā nui ki tō hauora roa. Aro ki te kai hauora ngākau me te nui o ngā hua, ngā huawhenua, me ngā witi katoa, me te whakaiti i te tote me ngā kai tukatuka.

Mataarahia ngā tohu whakatūpato e tohu ana pea i ngā raruranga, pēnei i ngā mamae o te upoko hou, te kino rānei, te uaua ki te manawa, te pupuhi rānei i ō waewae, ō waewae rānei.

Me pēhea te Whakarite mō tō Whakaritenga Tākuta?

Ka āwhina te whakarite pai ki a koe ki te whakamahi pai i tō whakaritenga me te whakarite kei a tō tākuta ngā mōhiohio katoa e hiahiatia ana ki te whakarato i te tiaki pai. Tīmata ma te kohikohi i ō rēkōta hauora me ō rongoā o nāianei.

Waihangahia he tātai tōmhanga i mua i tō haerenga. Tuhia ētahi tōmhanga kua kitea e koe, te wā e puta ai, me te mea e whakaohooho ana, e whakaora ana rānei i a rātou. Whakauruhia ngā kōrero mō ngā mamae o te upoko, te mamae o te uma, te poto o te manawa, te ngenge rānei.

Whakaritea he rārangi o ngā pātai ki te ui ki tō tākuta:

• He aha te momo me te nui o te coarctation kei ahau?
• He aha ngā whiringa maimoatanga kei ahau?
• He aha ngā tūpono me ngā painga o ia whiringa?
• E hia ngā whakaritenga whai muri e hiahiatia ana e ahau?
• He mahi kāore au e hiahia kia mahi?
• He aha ngā tōmhanga e whakaohooho ana i te tiaki hauora wawe?

Kawe mai tētahi mema whānau, hoa rānei mena ka taea, ina koa mō ngā whakaritenga nui mō ngā whakatau maimoatanga. Ka taea e rātou te āwhina i a koe ki te maumahara i ngā mōhiohio me te whakarato i te tautoko ngākau.

Kia tino kawe mai ō mōhiohio inihua, te rārangi rongoā o nāianei, me ētahi hua whakamātautau hou mai i ētahi atu tākuta. Ka āwhina tēnei ki te karo i ngā whakaroa me te whakarite i te hononga o te tiaki.

He aha te Tākutake Matua mō te Coarctation o te Aorta?

Ko te coarctation o te aorta he āhuatanga ngākau e taea te whakatika e pā ana ki te oko toto nui o te tinana. Ahakoa e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora tonu, ka taea e te nuinga o ngā tāngata me tēnei āhuatanga te ora i ngā oranga tino pai, mahi me te maimoatanga tika me te tiaki whai muri.

Ka hanga he rerekētanga nui te kitenga wawe me te maimoatanga i ngā hua. Ahakoa te whakatau i te wā pēpi, te pakeketanga rānei, ka whakarato ngā maimoatanga pokanga hou me ngā catheter i ngā hua pai mō te whakakore i te whakaiti me te whakahoki mai i te rere toto noa.

Ko te matua o te angitu roa kei te pupuri i te tiaki whai muri tonu me tō kaitātari ngākau, te whakahaere pai i te pehanga toto, me te mataara ki ētahi tōmhanga hou. Me te whakahaere hauora tika, ka taea te aukati, te whakaiti rānei i ngā raruraru.

Mahara kaore te coarctation e whakatau i ngā āra o tō oranga. He maha ngā tāngata me tēnei āhuatanga e whai wāhi ana ki ngā hākinakina, he mahi angitu, he whānau, he whai i ō rātou moemoeā me te whakahaere tika i ō rātou hauora ngākau.

Ngā Pātai Nui e Uihia ana mō te Coarctation o te Aorta

Ka taea e ngā tāngata me te coarctation o te aorta te mahi tinana me te takaro hākinakina?

Ka taea e te nuinga o ngā tāngata me te coarctation kua whakatikahia te whai wāhi ki te mahi tinana noa me ngā mahi hākinakina maha. Ka arotake tō kaitātari ngākau i tō āhuatanga motuhake me te whakarato i ngā aratohu motuhake kei runga i tō whakahaere pehanga toto, mahi ngākau, me ētahi atu āhuatanga ngākau pea kei a koe. Ko te nuinga, ka whakaohoohohia ngā mahi aerobic ngawari pēnei i te hikoi, te kauhoe, te hikoi paihikara rānei, engari pea ka hiahia ngā hākinakina hononga nui ki te whakaaro nui ake.

He ira te coarctation o te aorta?

Ka taea te rere o te coarctation i roto i ngā whānau, engari kaore i whakawhiwhia i te tauira ngāwari, e taea te whakaatu. Mena he coarctation kei a koe, he iti ake te tūpono o ō tamariki ki ngā hapa ngākau i te taupori whānui, engari ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki e whānau ana ki ngā mātua me te coarctation he ngākau noa. Ka taea e te tohutohu ira te āwhina i a koe ki te mārama ki ngā take tūpono motuhake o tō whānau me te kōrero mō ngā whiringa tirotiro mō ngā hapu kei te heke mai.

Me pokanga atu ahau i te kotahi wā mō te coarctation?

Ko te nuinga o ngā tāngata e hiahia ana ki tetahi maimoatanga anake ki te whakatika tonu i ō rātou coarctation. Engari, pea ka whānau ētahi i te whakaiti anō i te wā roa, ina koa ki te mahi wawe te whakatikatika i te wā pēpi. Ka āwhina ngā whakaritenga whai muri tonu ki te kite wawe i ngā raruraru, ā, ki te puta te whakaiti anō, ka taea te whakatika pai me te angioplasty poroporo, ehara i te hiahia ki tetahi atu pokanga nui.

Ka taea e ngā wāhine me te coarctation te hapu ora?

He maha ngā wāhine me te coarctation pai te whakahaere i ngā hapu angitu me ngā pēpi hauora. Engari, ka piki ake te mahi i tō ngākau me tō pūnaha rerenga toto i te wā hapu, no reira he mea nui te tirotiro tika e tō kaitātari ngākau me tō tohunga whakawhānau. Ka āwhina te tohutohu i mua i te hapu ki te whakarite kei te whakahaeretia pai tō pehanga toto me te whakatau i ētahi atu tupono e hiahiatia ana i te wā hapu me te whānautanga.

E hia ngā whakaritenga whai muri e hiahiatia ana e ahau i muri i te maimoatanga?

Ka rereke ngā whakaritenga whai muri kei runga i tō tau, momo maimoatanga, me te pai o te whakahaere o tō āhuatanga. I te tīmatanga, pea ka hiahia koe ki ngā whakaritenga ia 6-12 marama, me te iti pea o te auau i te wā roa mena kei te pumau nga mea katoa. Ka waihanga tō kaitātari ngākau i tetahi mahere whai muri motuhake e uru ana ki ngā whakamātautau whakaahua noa ki te tirotiro i tō aorta me ngā aromatawai o tō pehanga toto me tō mahi ngākau.