He aha te Korona? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te korona te ingoa mo te whānau nui o ngā huaketo e taea ai te mate mai i te mate huaketo noa ki ngā mate manawa nui ake. I rongo pea koe i tēnei kupu i te nuinga o te wā e pā ana ki te COVID-19, engari kua roa ngā tekau tau te noho o ngā korona, e pā ana ki te tangata me ngā kararehe.

Ko te ingoa o ēnei huaketo mai i tō rātou ahua rite ki te karauna i raro i te microscope. Ko ngā pūtake kei runga i tō rātou mata e āwhina ana i a rātou ki te piri me te tomo atu ki ngā pūtau tangata, ā, koinei te huarahi e pā ai rātou ki te mate.

He aha te Korona?

Ko ngā korona he rōpū o ngā huaketo RNA e pā ana ki tō pūnaha manawa. Ko te nuinga o te iwi ka tūtaki ki te kotahi momo korona i roto i tō rātou oranga, e kitea ana ngā tohu rite ki te mate huaketo noa.

E whitu ngā momo korona nui e taea ai te pā ki te tangata. E whā o ēnei e tino pā ana ki ngā tohu rite ki te mate huaketo noa, ā, e toru atu e taea ai te arahi ki ngā mate nui ake. Ko ngā momo nui rongonui rawa ko te SARS-CoV (nāna i puta te SARS), te MERS-CoV (nāna i puta te MERS), me te SARS-CoV-2 (nāna i puta te COVID-19).

Ko ēnei huaketo e horapa ana ma ngā matū manawa ina ka kōhutia, ka taikō, ka kōrero te tangata kua pā. Ka taea hoki e rātou te ora i runga i ngā papa mo ngā wā rerekē, ahakoa he iti ake te horapa i tēnei huarahi.

He aha ngā Tohutohu o te Korona?

Ka rereke ngā tohu o te korona, kei te whakawhirinaki ki te momo e tūtaki ana koe me tō hauora ake. Ko te nuinga o te iwi e pā ana ki ngā tohu ngawari ki te toharite e rite ana ki te mate huaketo noa, ki te mate huaketo.

Ko ēnei ngā tohu tino noa e pā ana koe:

• Te kirika, te wiri
• Te kōhutia (i te nuinga o te wā he maroke)
• Te poto o te manawa, te uaua ki te manawa
• Te ngenge, te mamae o te tinana
• Te mamae o te ulu
• Te mamae o te korokoro
• Te ihu rere, te ihu kōkō
• Te ngaro o te reka, o te hongi (inā te COVID-19)
• Te ruaki, te korere

He mea tika te kī, ko ētahi o te iwi, ina koa rā te hunga kua oti te whakakakahu ki te COVID-19, ka pā pea ki ngā tohu ngawari rawa atu, kāore rānei he tohu. Ka puta pea ki ētahi atu ngā tohu nui ake, ina koa ki te mea he mate hauora kei a rātou, he pūnaha ārai ngoikore rānei.

He aha ngā Momo Korona?

E whitu ngā momo korona nui e taea ai te pā ki te tangata, ā, ko te mārama ki ngā rerekētanga ka āwhina pea i a koe ki te whakaaro pai.

Ko ngā momo noa e whā e tino pā ana ki ngā tohu ngawari:

• 229E (alpha coronavirus)
• NL63 (alpha coronavirus)
• OC43 (beta coronavirus)
• HKU1 (beta coronavirus)

Ko ēnei e whakaatu ana i te 10-30% o ngā mate huaketo noa i roto i ngā pakeke, ā, ka ora tonu i roto i ngā rā torutoru ki te wiki.

Ko ngā momo nui ake e toru ko ēnei:

• SARS-CoV (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)
• MERS-CoV (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome)
• SARS-CoV-2 (e puta ai te COVID-19)

Ahakoa ka taea e ēnei te puta mai i te mate nui ake, he mea nui kia mahara ko te nuinga o te iwi e mau ana i ēnei momo ka ora tonu me te tiaki tika me te okioki.

He aha te Take o te Korona?

Ka puta ngā mate korona ina tomo ēnei huaketo motuhake ki roto i tō tinana, ka timata ki te tupu i roto i ō pūtau. Ka horapa ngā huaketo i waenga i te tangata ma ngā huarahi maha.

Ko te huarahi matua e horapa ai ngā korona ko ngā matū manawa. Ina ka kōhutia, ka taikō, ka kōrero, ka manawa nui te tangata kua pā, ka tukuna e rātou ngā matū iti kei roto te huaketo ki te rangi. Ki te manawa koe i ēnei matū, ki te tū rātou ki tō waha, ki tō ihu, ki ō kanohi rānei, ka taea te pā ki a koe.

Ka taea hoki e koe te hopu i te korona mā te pā ki ngā papa kei runga te huaketo, ka pā ki tō mata. Heoi, he iti ake te horapa o tēnei horapa papa atu i te manawa i ngā matū kua pā mai i tētahi atu tangata.

Ko te hononga tata ki ngā tangata kua pā te tino tūponotanga. Ko te tikanga tenei ko te noho i roto i te 6 putu mai i tētahi mo te 15 meneti neke atu rānei, ahakoa ka rereke te tūponotanga tika i runga i ngā take penei i te hau, te kakahu kanohi, me te tūāhua whakakakahu.

Nōhea te Tiro ki te Tākura mō te Korona?

Ko te nuinga o ngā mate korona, tae atu ki ngā take maha o te COVID-19, ka taea te whakahaere i te kāinga me te okioki me te tiaki tautoko. Heoi, he wā motuhake kei te hiahia koe ki te rapu awhina hauora tonu.

Whakapa atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora ki te pā koe ki:

• Te uaua ki te manawa, te poto o te manawa
• Te mamae o te uma, te pehanga e mau tonu ana
• Te kirika teitei e kore e whakautu ki ngā rongoā kore-whakahaunga
• Te mamae nui o te ulu me te uaua o te kaki
• Te wareware, te uaua ki te noho ara
• Ngā ngutu, te mata kikorangi
• Te maroke nui, te kore e taea te pupuri wai

Me whakapa atu hoki koe ki tō tākura ki te mea kei roto koe i te rōpū tūponotanga teitei, ka puta mai he tohu. Koinei ngā tāngata 65 tau neke atu, te hunga he mate roa penei i te mate huka, te mate ngakau, ngā wāhine hapu, tetahi rānei he pūnaha ārai ngoikore.

Ki te kore koe e tino mohio kei te hiahia ngā tohu ki te tiaki hauora, kaua e whakaroa ki te karanga ki te tari o tō kaiwhakarato hauora. Ka taea e rātou te āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau i te huarahi pai rawa atu e rite ana ki tō āhuatanga motuhake.

He aha ngā Tūponotanga mō te Korona?

Ahakoa ka taea e te tangata te hopu i te korona, ka taea e ētahi take te whakapiki ake i tō tūponotanga ki te pā, ki te puta mai rānei ngā tohu nui ake. Ko te mārama ki ēnei tūponotanga ka āwhina pea i a koe ki te tango i ngā whakarite tika.

Ko ngā take e whakapiki ake ana i tō tūponotanga ki te pā ko ēnei:

• Te hononga tata ki ngā tangata kua pā
• Te noho, te mahi rānei i ngā wāhi whānuitia
• Te kore kakahu kanohi i ngā wā tūponotanga teitei
• Te kore hau pai i ngā wāhi roto
• Te kore whakakakahu (mō te COVID-19)
• Te pā ki ngā papa kua pā, ka pā ki tō mata

Ko ngā take e whakapiki ake ana i tō tūponotanga ki te mate nui ko ēnei:

• 65 tau neke atu
• Ngā mate manawa roa penei i te mate huango, te COPD
• Te mate ngakau, te toto teitei
• Te mate huka
• Te momona
• Te pūnaha ārai ngoikore
• Te mate whatukuhu roa, te mate ate
• Te hapu

Ko te whai i ēnei tūponotanga kaore e tikanga ka mate nui koe, engari ko te tikanga kia tango koe i ngā whakarite atu, kia tirotiro pono i ō tohu ki te pā koe.

He aha ngā Hua pea o te Korona?

Ahakoa ko te nuinga o te iwi e ora ana i ngā mate korona kahore he pānga roa, ka puta pea etahi atu i ngā raruraru. Ko te rongo pai ko ngā raruraru nui he iti rawa te noho, ina koa me te tiaki hauora tika.

Ko ngā raruraru noa e puta mai ana ko ēnei:

• Te mate huango (te mate o te manawa)
• Ngā mate huaketo tuarua
• Te maroke mai i te kirika, te kore inu wai
• Te ngenge, te ngoikore e mau tonu ana
• Te kōhutia e mau tonu ana

Ko ngā raruraru nui ake, ahakoa he iti ake te noho, ka taea te whakauru:

• Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
• Ngā raruraru ngakau, te mumura
• Ngā toto
• Ngā raruraru whatukuhu
• Ngā tohu neurology
• Ngā tohu roa (i etahi wā e kiia ana ko te "long COVID")

He mea nui kia mahara ko te tiaki hauora tere me te maimoatanga tika, ka taea te whakahaere pai i te nuinga o ngā raruraru. Ka tirotiro tata atu tō rōpū hauora ki a koe ki te mea kei te tūponotanga nui koe ki ngā raruraru.

Me pēhea te Awaroa i te Korona?

Ko te rongo pai ko te maha o ngā huarahi whai hua hei tiaki i a koe me ētahi atu i te mate korona. Kua whakamāramahia ēnei rautaki ārai kia whakaiti i ngā reiti horapa.

Ko ngā tikanga ārai tino whai hua ko ēnei:

• Te whakakakahu (inā te COVID-19)
• Te kakahu kanohi i ngā wāhi whānuitia, i ngā wāhi roto tūponotanga teitei
• Te pupuri i te tawhiti tinana mai i ētahi atu ki te taea
• Te horoi i ō ringa i te maha me te hopi me te wai
• Te whakamahi i te horoi ringa ina kore e wātea te hopi
• Te karo i te pā ki tō mata me ngā ringa kahore i horoia
• Te noho i te kāinga ina kore koe e pai te hauora
• Te whakarite i te hau pai i ngā wāhi roto
• Te karo i ngā wāhi whānuitia, he iti te hau
• Te horoi, te whakakakahu i ngā papa e pa ana i te maha

Ko ēnei mahi ka pai ake te mahi ina whakamahia tahi atu i te whakawhirinaki ki te kotahi ara. Ahakoa ngā mahi ngawari penei i te horoi ringa noa ka taea te whakarereke nui ki te whakaiti i tō tūponotanga ki te pā.

Me pēhea te Whakatau i te Korona?

Ko te whakatau i te korona e whakauru ana i te whakatau i ō tohu, i tō hītori hauora, me ngā whakamātautau taiwhanga motuhake. Ka ārahi tō kaiwhakarato hauora i a koe i roto i tēnei tukanga ki te whakaaro pea he mate korona koe.

Ko te tukanga whakatau e tīmata ana i tō tākura e ui ana mō ō tohu me ō whakawhitinga tata. Ka hiahia rātou ki te mohio ki te tīmatanga o ō tohu, te nui o te pā, me te mea kua hono koe ki tetahi kua mate.

Ko ngā whakamātautau whakatau tino noa ko ēnei:

• Ngā whakamātautau PCR (tino tika, ngā hua i roto i te 1-3 rā)
• Ngā whakamātautau antigen tere (ngā hua tere ake, he iti ake te mārama)
• Ngā kete whakamātautau kāinga (ngāwari engari pea he hiahia ki te whakau)
• Ngā whakamātautau toto hei tirotiro i ngā antibodies (e whakaatu ana i te pā o mua)

Ka tono pea tō tākura i ngā X-rays uma, i ētahi atu whakaahua rānei ki te uaua koe ki te manawa. I ētahi wā, ka taea e rātou te whakatau i runga i ngā tohu anake, ina koa ki te kore e wātea ngā whakamātautau, ki te pā rānei koe ki te take rongonui.

He aha te Maimoatanga mō te Korona?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te korona e aro ana ki te āwhina i tō tinana ki te whawhai i te mate, me te whakahaere i ō tohu kia pai ai koe.

Mō ngā tohu ngawari ki te toharite, ko te maimoatanga e whakauru ana i ēnei:

• Te whiwhi i te okioki nui hei āwhina i tō pūnaha ārai
• Te pupuri i te wai pai me te wai, ngā tii ngahere, ngā hupa rānei
• Te tango i ngā rongoā whakaiti kirika kore-whakahaunga penei i te acetaminophen, te ibuprofen rānei
• Te whakamahi i ngā lozenges korokoro, i ngā wai tote mahana mō te korokoro mamae
• Te whakahaere i te humidifier hei whakamama i te kōhutia me te kōkō
• Te wehewehe i a koe hei ārai i te horapa o te huaketo ki ētahi atu

Mō ngā take nui ake, ina koa ngā take e hiahia ana ki te whare hauora, ka whakamahi pea ngā tākura i ēnei:

• Te rongoā okisani hei āwhina i te manawa
• Ngā rongoā antiviral (penei i te Paxlovid mō te COVID-19)
• Ngā steroids hei whakaiti i te mumura
• Ngā antibodies monoclonal (i roto i ngā āhuatanga motuhake)
• Te tiaki tautoko mō ngā raruraru

Ka whakatau tō kaiwhakarato hauora i te huarahi maimoatanga pai rawa atu e rite ana ki ō tohu motuhake, ki tō hauora whānui, me ō tūponotanga mō te mate nui.

Me pēhea te Tango Maimoatanga Kāinga i te Wā o te Korona?

Ko te whakahaere i ngā tohu korona i te kāinga ka āwhina pea i a koe ki te pai ake te noho i te wā e whawhai ana tō tinana i te mate. Ko te matua ko te aro ki te okioki, te wai, me te whakaora tohu i te wā e tirotiro ana i ngā tohu pea e hiahia ana koe ki te tiaki hauora.

Koinei te huarahi hei tiaki i a koe i te kāinga:

Te Okioki me te Ora: Hoatu ki tō tinana te kaha e hiahia ana ki te whawhai i te mate mā te whiwhi i te moe nui me te karo i ngā mahi uaua. Whakarongo ki tō tinana, okioki ina ngenge koe, ahakoa he nui atu i te noa.

Te Pupuri i te Wai: Inu nui te wai i te rā katoa. Ko te wai, ngā tii ngahere, ngā hupa mahana, me ngā inu electrolyte ka taea te āwhina. Karohia te waiū me te caffeine nui, na te mea ka taea e ēnei te whakaputa i te maroke.

Te Whakahaere i te Kirika me ngā Mamae: Ka taea e ngā rongoā kore-whakahaunga penei i te acetaminophen (Tylenol) te ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) te whakaiti i te kirika me te whakaora i ngā mamae o te tinana. Whai i ngā tohutohu i runga i te kete, kaua e nui atu i ngā horoinga e tūtohutia ana.

Te Whakamama i ngā Tohutohu Manawa: Whakamahia he humidifier, manawa rānei i te kohu mai i te kaukau wera hei whakamama i te kōkō. Ka taea e ngā wai tote mahana te whakaora i te korokoro mamae, ā, ka taea e te honi te whakaora i te kōhutia.

Te Wehewehe hei Tiaki i ētahi atu: Noho atu i ngā mema whānau me ngā hoa noho i te nuinga o te wā, ina koa i ngā rā tuatahi ina tino horapa koe. Kakahu kanohi ina hiahia koe ki te noho tata ki ētahi atu.

Me pēhea te Whakarite mō tō Hui Tākura?

Ko te whakarite mō tō haerenga ki te tākura ka āwhina pea i a koe ki te whiwhi i te tiaki tino whai hua, kaua e wareware ki te kōrero mō ngā kōrero nui mō ō tohu, mō ō awangawanga rānei.

I mua i tō hui, kohikohia ēnei kōrero:

• He rārangi taipitopito o ō tohu katoa me te wā i tīmata ai rātou
• Ngā rongoā katoa e inu ana koe inaianei, tae atu ki ngā rongoā kore-whakahaunga
• Ngā kōrero mō ngā haerenga tata, te pā rānei ki ngā tangata mate
• Tō hītori whakakakahu, ina koa mō te COVID-19
• Ngā mate hauora roa kei a koe
• Ngā pūrongo e hiahia ana koe ki te ui ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora

I te wā o te hui, kia pono ki te āhua o tō noho, kaua e whakaiti i ō tohu. Kei te hiahia tō tākura ki ngā kōrero tika hei whakarato i te tiaki pai rawa atu. Ui mō te wā ka taea e koe te hoki ki te mahi, ki ngā mahi noa rānei, kia tino mārama koe ki ngā tohutohu maimoatanga.

Ki te mea he hui telehealth kei a koe, whakamātautau i tō hangarau i mua, kimihia he wāhi mārama, pai te mārama mō te karanga. Kia wātea he thermometer kia taea ai te tirotiro i tō pāmahana ki te tono tō tākura.

He aha te Tākutake Matua mō te Korona?

Ko te mea nui rawa hei mahara mō te korona ko te mea ahakoa ka āwangawanga ēnei mate, ko te nuinga o te iwi e ora tonu ana me te okioki me te tiaki tautoko. Ko te mārama ki ngā kōrero mō te korona ka āwhina pea i a koe ki te whakautu tika kahore he awangawanga koretake.

Aro ki ngā rautaki ārai kua whakamāramahia penei i te whakakakahu, te horoi pai, me te noho i te kāinga ina mate. Ki te puta mai he tohu, tirotirohia ratou me te kore whakaroa ki te whakapa atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora ki te awangawanga koe, ki te kino ake rānei ngā tohu.

Kia mahara ko te mātauranga hauora mō ngā korona, ina koa te COVID-19, kei te whakawhānui tonu. Noho whakamārama ma ngā puna pono penei i tō kaiwhakarato hauora, te CDC, te tari hauora o tō rohe rānei. Me ngā kōrero tika me ngā whakarite tika, ka taea e koe te tiaki i a koe me ō whānau i te wā e ora tonu ana i tō oranga.

Ngā Pūrongo Nui e Uihia ana mō te Korona

Q.1: E hā roa te Korona?

Ko te nuinga o te iwi he tohu korona ngawari e ora ana i roto i te 7-10 rā. Heoi, ka rongo pea ētahi i te ngenge, he tohu e mau tonu ana mō ngā wiki maha. Ki te pā koe ki ngā tohu nui, ki ngā mate hauora roa rānei, ka roa pea te ora. He mea nui te okioki, kaua e hohoro te hoki ki ngā mahi noa kia ora rawa koe.

Q.2: Ka taea te whiwhi rua i te Korona?

Ae, ka taea te pā rua atu i te korona, ahakoa he iti ake te pā anō, he ngawari ake i te pā tuatahi. Ka whakawhanakehia e tō pūnaha ārai tetahi tiaki i muri i te pā, engari ka taea te whakaiti i tēnei ārai i te wā. Ko te whakakakahu e whakarato ana i te tiaki atu, ka āwhina pea i te ārai i te pā anō, i te whakaiti rānei i te nui ki te puta.

Q.3: E hā roa te horapa o te Korona?

Ko te nuinga o te iwi e tino horapa ana i ngā rā tuatahi 2-3 o ngā tohu, ahakoa ka taea e koe te horapa i te huaketo mai i te 2 rā i mua i te tīmatanga o ngā tohu tae noa ki te 10 rā i muri mai. Ki te pā koe ki ngā tohu nui, ki te pūnaha ārai ngoikore rānei, ka roa pea te horapa. I te nuinga o te wā, ka taea e koe te mutu i te wehewehe i muri i te 5 rā ki te pai ake ō tohu, kua 24 haora te kore kirika.

Q.4: He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te Korona me te Mate Huaketo?

Ko te korona me te mate huaketo he mate manawa ngā tohu rite penei i te kirika, te kōhutia, me ngā mamae o te tinana. Heoi, ko te korona (inā te COVID-19) e tino pā ana ki te ngaro o te reka, o te hongi rānei, ka arahi pea ki ngā raruraru rerekē. Ka taea e ngā mea e rua te nui, engari he huaketo rerekē te take, ka hiahia pea ki ngā maimoatanga rerekē, ki ngā rautaki ārai rānei.

Q.5: Me whakamātautau ahau ki te mea he tohu ngawari kei ahau?

Ae, he mea tūtohutia te whakamātautau ki te mea he tohu kei a koe e taea ai te korona, ahakoa he ngawari. Ko te mohio kei te pā koe ka āwhina pea i a koe ki te whakatau mō te wehewehe, te maimoatanga, me te tiaki i ētahi atu. He maha ngā whiringa whakamātautau e wātea ana, tae atu ki ngā whakamātautau kāinga, ka taea te whakarato i ngā hua tere, ka āwhina pea i a koe ki te tango i ngā whakarite tika.