He aha te Retinopathy Mate Huka? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te retinopathy mate huka tētahi āhuatanga o te kanohi e pā ana ki te hunga mate huka ina ngā wāhi toto iti i roto i te retina e pakaru ana e ngā taumata huka toto teitei. Ko te retina te kiko whakamaarama-marama kei muri o tō kanohi e āwhina ana i a koe ki te kite mārama. Ka pakaru enei oko toto ngawari, ka taea e rātou te rere wai, te toto rānei, ka pā pea ki tō tirohanga i te roa.

Ka tupu haere tenei āhuatanga, kāore hoki e kitea ngā tohu i te tīmatanga, koia tētahi take nui kia tirohia ō kanohi i ngā wā katoa mēnā he mate huka tōu. Ko te mea pai, mā te whakahaere pai i te mate huka, me te kite wawe, ka taea e koe te whakaiti i tō tūponotanga ki ngā raruraru tirohanga nui.

He aha ngā tohu o te retinopathy mate huka?

I ngā wā tīmatanga, kāore ngā tohu o te retinopathy mate huka e kitea, koia tētahi take e kiia ai he āhuatanga ‘ngāwari’ tēnei. Pea kāore koe e kite i ngā huringa o tō tirohanga kia nui rawa te tupu o te āhuatanga.

Ka tupu haere te retinopathy mate huka, ka tīmata pea koe ki te kite i ētahi tohu whakatūpato e kore e tika kia whakakahoretia:

• Tirohanga mōrearea, rānei e hurihuri ana
• Ngā pōkākā pouri, ngā mea rere rānei e rere ana i tō tirohanga
• Uaua ki te kite i te pō, i ngā wā pouri rānei
• Ngā tae e kore e mārama, kāore rānei e rite ki te noa
• Ngā wāhi o te tirohanga e ngaro ana, e ārai ana rānei
• Te ngaro o te tirohanga nui, ohorere, i tētahi kanohi, i ngā kanohi e rua rānei
• Te kite i ngā rama e whiti ana, te tirohanga takirua rānei

Ka rereke enei tohu mai i te ngāwari, te wā poto rānei ki te roa, te āwangawanga rānei. Mēnā ka kite koe i ngā huringa ohorere o tō tirohanga, he mea nui kia whakapiri atu ki tō tākuta kanohi tonu, no te mea ka taea e ētahi momo retinopathy mate huka te tupu tere, me te hiahia kia whakarongohia tonu.

He aha ngā momo retinopathy mate huka?

Ka wehea te retinopathy mate huka ki ngā momo e rua, i runga i te tupu o te āhuatanga. Ka āwhina te mārama ki ēnei wāhanga ki te whai whakaaro pai ki te mea e puta mai ana ki ō kanohi.

Te retinopathy mate huka kore-whanau (NPDR) ko te momo āhuatanga tīmatanga, ngāwari. I tenei wā, ka ngoikore ngā oko toto i roto i tō retina, ka taea te whanau i ngā pupuhi iti e kiia nei ko ngā microaneurysms. Ka taea e ēnei oko toto pakaru te rere wai, te toto rānei ki roto i te kiko retina, engari kāore anō kia tupu ngā oko toto hou.

Te retinopathy mate huka whanau (PDR) ko te wā tupu ake ka tīmata ai tō retina ki te whanau i ngā oko toto hou hei whakakapi i ngā oko toto pakaru. Engari, he ngoikore, he rerekē ēnei oko toto hou, ka tupu pea i ngā wāhi he, ka puta pea ngā raruraru nui penei i te toto, te pakaru rānei o te kiri.

He āhuatanga e hono ana, ko te edema macular mate huka, ka taea te puta i tetahi wā ka rere te wai ki roto i te macula (te wahi waenganui o tō retina e āwhina ana i te kite mārama). Ka pā nui tenei pupuhi ki tō kaha ki te pānui, ki te taraiwa, ki te kite rānei i ngā kōrero iti.

He aha ngā take o te retinopathy mate huka?

Ka tupu te retinopathy mate huka ina pakaru ngā oko toto iti e whāngai ana i tō retina e ngā taumata huka toto teitei tonu. Whakaarohia ēnei oko he ngā wāhi wai iti ka ngoikore, ka rere pea ina nui rawa te huka i te roa.

He maha ngā take e āwhina ana ki tenei pakaru, ka piki ake tō tūponotanga ki te whanau i te āhuatanga:

• Te whakahaere huka toto kino i ngā marama, i ngā tau rānei
• Te toto teitei e whakapēhi ana i ngā oko toto
• Ngā taumata kolesterol teitei e taea te whakaiti i te pakaru o ngā oko toto
• Te roa o te wā kua mate huka koe (ka piki ake te tūponotanga i te roa)
• Te hapu, ka taea te tere ake i te pakaru o te retina
• Te kai hikareti, e whakaiti ana i te rere o te hau ki te retina
• Ngā take ira e taea ai te whakaiti i ētahi tangata

Ka tupu haere tenei mahi i ngā tau, koia tētahi take nui kia pai te whakahaere i te mate huka mai i te tīmatanga. Ahakoa kua roa koe e mate huka ana, ka taea tonu te whakahaere pai i tō huka toto te whakaiti i te tupu o te pakaru o te retina.

Nōhea te haere ki te tākuta mō te retinopathy mate huka?

Mēnā he mate huka tōu, me haere koe ki te tākuta kanohi mō te whakamātautau kanohi whānui, kotahi i te tau, ahakoa e pai ana tō tirohanga. Ko te kite wawe ko tō parekura pai ki te ngaro o te tirohanga nui.

Engari, he maha ngā āhuatanga e hiahia ana kia whakarongohia tonu. Whakapiri atu ki tō tākuta kanohi tonu mēnā ka kite koe i ngā huringa ohorere o tō tirohanga, tae atu ki ngā mea hou e rere ana, ngā rama e whiti ana, ngā wāhi rānei e ārai ana, e ngaro ana rānei tō tirohanga.

Me whakarite hoki e koe he hui mēnā ka kite koe kei te mōrearea haere tō tirohanga, ina koa ki te kore e pai ake ina hurihuri koe, ina okioki rānei ō kanohi. Mēnā kei te hapu koe, he mate huka hoki tōu, ka hiahia koe ki ngā whakamātautau kanohi maha atu, no te mea ka taea e te hapu te tere ake i te retinopathy mate huka.

I ngā āhuatanga ohorere, penei i te ngaro o te tirohanga nui ohorere, te atarangi rite ki te kāpeti i tō tirohanga, te mamae nui rānei o te kanohi, rapuhia te tiaki hauora tonu i te rūma ohorere, i te pokapū tiaki tere rānei.

He aha ngā take tūponotanga mō te retinopathy mate huka?

Ka āwhina te mārama ki ō take tūponotanga ki te tango i ngā mahi hei tiaki i tō tirohanga. He maha ngā take ka taea te whakahaere, ētahi atu he wāhanga noa iho o tō hītori hauora.

Ngā take tūponotanga ka taea te whakahaere:

• Te whakahaere huka toto (te take nui rawa atu ka taea te whakahaere)
• Ngā taumata toto teitei
• Ngā taumata kolesterol
• Ngā tikanga kai hikareti
• Te whakarite i te whakamātautau kanohi
• Te whakahaere mate huka whānui

Ngā take tūponotanga kaore e taea te huri: te roa o tō mate huka, tō tau, te tūponotanga ira, me te momo 1, momo 2 rānei o te mate huka. Ahakoa kaore e taea te huri i ēnei take, ka āwhina te mārama ki a rātou ki te whai whakaaro pai ki te take nui o te tirotiro tonu.

He mea nui te hapu, no te mea ka taea te piki ake o tō tūponotanga mēnā kua mate huka koe. Kāore tēnei e whakaatu he kino te hapu, engari he mea nui kia maha atu ngā whakamātautau kanohi i tenei wā hei tirotiro i ngā huringa.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te retinopathy mate huka?

Ahakoa ka taea te whakahaere pai i te retinopathy mate huka ina kitea wawe, ka taea te arahi ki ngā raruraru nui e pā ana ki tō tirohanga mēnā kāore i te whakahaeretia. Ka āwhina te mārama ki ēnei hua pea ki te whakaatu i te take nui o te tirotiro tonu.

Ngā raruraru tino noa:

• Te toto i roto i te vitreous, ka rere te toto ki roto i te kiri mārama i roto i tō kanohi
• Te wehewehe o te retina, ka toia e te kiri pakaru te retina atu i muri o tō kanohi
• Te glaucoma neovascular, he momo glaucoma nui e puta mai ana i te tupu o ngā oko toto rerekē
• Te ngaro o te tirohanga nui, te matapo rānei i te kanohi e pā ana
• Te edema macular e kore e whakautu ki te maimoatanga

I ngā take onge, ka taea e te retinopathy mate huka tino tupu te arahi ki te matapo katoa, ahakoa he iti rawa te puta o tenei hua i tēnei wā, na te pai ake o ngā maimoatanga, me ngā tikanga kite wawe. Ahakoa he raruraru, he maha ngā maimoatanga e waatea ana e taea te tiaki i tō tirohanga.

Ko te rongo pai, ka taea te aukati, te whakaiti rānei i te nuinga o ēnei raruraru nui mā te whakahaere pai i te mate huka, me te tiaki kanohi tonu. Ka ārahi te whakauru wawe ki ngā hua pai atu i te tatari kia nui ngā tohu.

Me pēhea te aukati i te retinopathy mate huka?

Ko te huarahi pai rawa atu ki te aukati i te retinopathy mate huka ko te whakahaere pai i ō taumata huka toto i te roa. Ko te tikanga tenei te mahi tata atu ki tō rōpū hauora hei pupuri i ō taumata A1C i roto i tō whāinga.

He maha ngā rautaki noho ora e taea te whakaiti i tō tūponotanga:

• Tirohia tō huka toto i ngā wā katoa, tuhia ngā rekoata
• Tangohia ngā rongoā kua tohua i ngā wā katoa
• Whai i te kai pai mō te mate huka, he nui ngā huawhenua, he iti ngā huka
• Whakapakaritia i ngā wā katoa hei whakapai ake i te whakautu insulin, te rere toto rānei
• Whakahaerehia ō taumata toto teitei
• Whakahaerehia ō taumata kolesterol mā te kai, ngā rongoā rānei mēnā e hiahiatia ana
• Kaua e kai hikareti, mutu rānei mēnā kei te kai hikareti koe
• Whakaritehia ngā whakamātautau kanohi whānui i ia tau

Ko te aukati ko te mahi whai hua ki tō hauora whānui. Ko te tikanga tenei te tango tonu i ō rongoā mate huka, te haere ki ō hui hauora katoa, me te kōrero tika ki ō kaiwhakarato hauora mō ngā āwangawanga, ngā huringa rānei e kitea ana e koe.

Kia mahara ahakoa ka whanau koe i ngā tohu tīmatanga o te retinopathy mate huka, ka taea tonu te whakaiti i tō tupu, te tiaki rānei i tō tirohanga mō ngā tau maha mā te tango i ēnei mahi aukati.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te retinopathy mate huka?

Ko te whakatau i te retinopathy mate huka e hiahia ana ki te whakamātautau kanohi whānui e nui atu ana i te whakamātautau tirohanga noa. Ka whakamahi tō tākuta kanohi i ngā tikanga motuhake hei tirotiro i ngā oko toto, ngā kiko rānei i roto i tō retina.

Ngā tikanga whakatau matua:

• Te whakamātautau kanohi whānui, ka whānui ngā matū i ō ngākau hei kite pai ake i te retina
• Te angiography fluorescein, e whakamahi ana i te tae motuhake hei whakaatu i ngā raruraru o ngā oko toto
• Te tomography whakapiri whakaata (OCT), he karapa ngāwari e hanga ana i ngā whakaahua retina mārama
• Te whakaahua fundus hei tuhi, hei whai i ngā huringa i te roa

I tō whakamātautau, pea ka mōrearea, ka mārama pea tō tirohanga mai i ngā matū whānui, engari ka ngaro pea i roto i ngā haora torutoru. Kāore ngā mahi i te mamae, ahakoa pea ka kite koe i ngā rama poto i ētahi whakamātautau.

Ka arotake hoki tō tākuta kanohi i tō hītori hauora, tae atu ki te roa o tō mate huka, te pai o te whakahaere i tō huka toto. Ka āwhina tēnei mōhiohio ki te whai whakaaro pai ki tō tūponotanga whānui, ki te whakawhanake i te whakarite tirotiro tika.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te retinopathy mate huka?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te retinopathy mate huka e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wā, te nui o tō āhuatanga. I ngā wā tīmatanga, ko te maimoatanga nui ko te whakahaere pai i te mate huka hei aukati i te pakaru atu.

Mō ngā take tupu ake, he maha ngā maimoatanga whai hua e waatea ana:

• Ngā whakaurunga anti-VEGF e āwhina ana ki te whakaiti i te tupu o ngā oko toto rerekē, te rere rānei
• Te photocoagulation laser hei hiri i ngā oko toto rere
• Ngā whakaurunga steroid hei whakaiti i te mumura, te pupuhi rānei
• Te pokanga vitrectomy mō ngā take nui me te toto, te wehewehe rānei o te retina

Ko ngā whakaurunga anti-VEGF te maimoatanga tuatahi mō te retinopathy mate huka tupu ake. Ka whakaurua ēnei rongoā ki roto i tō kanohi mā te ngira iti rawa, ahakoa ka rongo pea he kore pai, ka taea e te nuinga o ngā turoro te whakaae ki te mahi mā te matū whakahaere mamae.

Ka taea te whai hua nui o te maimoatanga laser mō te hiri i ngā oko toto rere, te aukati rānei i te tupu o ngā oko toto hou rerekē. Ka mahia pea tenei mahi i roto i te tari o tō tākuta, ka hiahia pea ki ngā mahi maha mō ngā hua pai.

Ka whakaritea tō mahere maimoatanga i runga i tō āhuatanga motuhake, ka kōrero tō tākuta ki a koe mō ngā tūponotanga, ngā hua pai rānei o ia whiringa.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i te retinopathy mate huka i te kāinga?

Ahakoa he mea nui te maimoatanga hauora mō te retinopathy mate huka, he maha ngā mea ka taea e koe i te kāinga hei tautoko i tō hauora kanohi, hei whakaiti rānei i te tupu o te āhuatanga. He mea nui ō tikanga o ia rā ki te tiaki i tō tirohanga.

Ngā rautaki whakahaere kāinga nui:

• Tirohia tō huka toto i ngā wā katoa, tuhia ngā rekoata
• Tangohia ngā rongoā kua tohua i ngā wā katoa
• Whai i te kai pai mō te mate huka, he nui ngā huawhenua, he iti ngā huka
• Whakapakaritia i ngā wā katoa hei whakapai ake i te rere toto, te whakahaere huka toto rānei
• Tirohia tō toto teitei i te kāinga mēnā e tūtohutia ana
• Tiakina ō kanohi mai i te rā mārama mā ngā karāhe ra
• Kaua e kai hikareti, whakaiti rānei i te inu waipiro

Whakarongo ki ngā huringa o tō tirohanga, tuhia ngā mea e kitea ana e koe. Ka taea te whai hua o tēnei mōhiohio mō tō rōpū hauora ki te whakarite i tō mahere maimoatanga.

He mea nui te hanga i te taiao tautoko i te kāinga. Pea ko te tikanga tenei te whakapai ake i te mārama mō te pānui, te whakamahi i ngā taputapu whakanui mēnā e hiahiatia ana, te whakarite rānei i tō kāinga hei whakaiti i ngā tūponotanga hinga mēnā kua pā ki tō tirohanga.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui tākuta?

Ko te whakarite mō tō hui ka āwhina i a koe ki te whakamahi pai i tō wā me tō tākuta kanohi, kia whakarite hoki kua whiwhi koe i ngā mōhiohio katoa e hiahia ana koe. He mea nui te whakarite i mua.

I mua i tō hui, kohikohia ngā mōhiohio nui:

• Rārangi o ngā rongoā katoa kei te tangohia e koe, tae atu ki ngā taapiri
• Ngā rekoata huka toto hou, ngā hua A1C rānei
• Ngā huringa tirohanga, ngā tohu rānei kua kitea e koe
• Ngā pātai e hiahia ana koe ki te ui ki tō tākuta
• Mōhiohio inihua, ngā rekoata whakamātautau kanohi o mua rānei

No te mea pea ka whānui ō ngākau i te whakamātautau, whakaritea kia tukuna koe e tētahi ki te kāinga, whakaritea rānei te whakamahi i te kawe tūmatanui. Ka roa pea ngā pānga o te whānui, ka kore e haumaru te taraiwa.

Whakaarohia te kawe mai i tētahi hoa, whānau rānei hei āwhina i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā mōhiohio nui i kōrerotia i te hui. Ka taea hoki e rātou te tautoko wairua mēnā kei te manukanuka koe mō te whakamātautau, te whakatau rānei pea.

Tuhia ō pātai i mua kia kaua e wareware ki te ui i a rātou i te hui. Ko tō wā tenei ki te mārama ki tō āhuatanga, ngā whiringa maimoatanga rānei.

He aha te mea nui mō te retinopathy mate huka?

Ko te mea nui rawa atu ki te mārama mō te retinopathy mate huka ko te mea ka taea te aukati, te whakahaere rānei ina mahi koe i roto i tō tiaki mate huka. Ko te kite wawe mā ngā whakamātautau kanohi tonu, te whakahaere pai rānei i te huka toto, ka taea te tiaki i tō tirohanga mō ngā tau maha.

Kia mahara ka tupu haere te retinopathy mate huka kāore ngā tohu i ngā wā tīmatanga, koia tētahi take nui kia tirohia ō kanohi i ia tau. Kaua e tatari kia kite koe i ngā raruraru tirohanga ki te haere ki te tākuta kanohi mēnā he mate huka tōu.

Ahakoa ka raru pea te whakatau i te retinopathy mate huka, he maha ngā maimoatanga whai hua e waatea ana i tēnei wā kāore i te waatea i te tekau tau ki muri. Mā te tiaki hauora tika, me tō whakapau kaha ki te whakahaere pai i tō mate huka, ka taea e koe te pupuri i te tirohanga pai, te mahi tonu rānei i ngā mahi e aroha ana koe.

Ko te mea nui ko te mahi whai hua ki tō hauora kanohi, te mahi tata atu rānei ki tō rōpū hauora. He mea nui tō tirohanga, ka taea te whakarereke nui i ō hua roa mā te mahi inaianei.

Ngā pātai e ui pinepinetia ana mō te retinopathy mate huka

Ka taea te hoki mai te retinopathy mate huka?

Ahakoa kaore e taea te hoki mai katoa te retinopathy mate huka, ka taea te whakaiti, te mutu rānei i tō tupu mā te maimoatanga tika, te whakahaere rānei i te mate huka. Pea ka pumau te pakaru o te wā tīmatanga mā te whakahaere pai i te huka toto, ka taea hoki e ngā maimoatanga tupu ake te tiaki i te tirohanga e toe ana. Ko te mea nui ko te kite wawe, te pupuri rānei i te tiaki tonu.

Nōhea te whakamātautau kanohi mēnā he mate huka tōu?

Ko te nuinga o te hunga mate huka me whai whakamātautau kanohi whānui, kotahi i te tau. Engari, mēnā kua mate retinopathy mate huka koe, ētahi atu take tūponotanga rānei, pea ka tūtohu tō tākuta kanohi kia maha atu ngā haerenga i ia 3-6 marama. Ko ngā wāhine hapu mate huka e hiahia ana ki ngā whakamātautau i ia wa hapu.

Ka matapo ahau i te retinopathy mate huka?

Kāore te matapo mai i te retinopathy mate huka e kore e taea te karo, kua iti rawa te noa i ngā maimoatanga hou, te whakahaere pai rānei i te mate huka. Ka taea e te nuinga o te hunga e whiwhi ana i te tiaki tika, te pupuri rānei i te whakahaere pai i te huka toto te tiaki i tō rātou tirohanga. Ahakoa ka ngaro pea ētahi tirohanga, ka taea e ngā maimoatanga te aukati i te kino atu.

He mamae te retinopathy mate huka?

Kāore te retinopathy mate huka i te mamae, koia tētahi take nui kia tirohia ō kanohi i ngā wā katoa mō te kite wawe. Engari, ka taea e ētahi raruraru e hono ana, penei i te piki ohorere o te pehanga kanohi te arahi ki te kore pai. Mēnā ka mamae ō kanohi, ka hurihuri hoki tō tirohanga, whakapiri atu ki tō tākuta kanohi tonu.

Ka taea te aukati i te retinopathy mate huka mēnā kua mate huka koe?

Ae, ka taea te whakaiti i tō tūponotanga ki te whanau i te retinopathy mate huka, te whakaiti rānei i tō tupu mā te whakahaere pai i te huka toto, te whakahaere i tō toto teitei, kolesterol rānei, te whakapakari i ngā wā katoa, me ngā whakamātautau kanohi i ia tau. Ka taea e te hunga kua roa e mate huka ana te whai hua mai i te whakahaere pai ake i te mate huka.