He aha te Dysarthria? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te dysarthria tētahi mate reo e whakahirahira ana i te kōrero mā te ngoikore rānei, te kore rānei o te whakahaere tika i ngā uaua e whakamahia ana mō te kōrero. E mōhio ana tō roro ki te mea e hiahia ana koe ki te kōrero, engari kāore ngā uaua i roto i tō waha, arero, ngutu, kāore rānei i te kaki e mahi tahi ana i te huarahi e tika ana.

Whakaarohia tētahi piānō pai te whakarite, engari kāore ngā kī e pēhi tika. Kei reira te waiata, engari ka puta ke atu i te mea i whakaarohia. He maha ngā miriona o te iwi e pā ana ki tēnei āhuatanga, ā, ka rere ke mai i te ngūngū iti ki te kōrero e uaua rawa ana ki te whakarongo.

He aha ngā tohu o te dysarthria?

Ko te tohu matua o te dysarthria ko te kōrero e rere ke ana i te mea e whakarongo ana koe mai i a koe anō, i tētahi whānau aroha rānei. Ka kite pea koe i ngā huringa o te putanga mai o ngā kupu, ahakoa ko te whakaaro me te mārama tonu.

Ko ēnei ngā tohu tino noa ka pā pea ki a koe:

• Te kōrero ngūngū, kāore i te marama
• Te kōrero tere rawa atu, te kōrero puhoi rawa atu rānei
• Te neke iti o te arero, ngutu, kāore rānei i te kauae
• Te reo ngāngāra, te manawa, te ihu rānei
• Te uaua ki te whakahaere i te kaha o tō reo
• Te kōrero kotahi tonu te reo, kāore he piki me te heke
• Te ngaungaue, te uaua ki te horomi rānei

Ka pā pea ki ētahi atu tohu iti ake, pēnei i te rereke o te rāpoi kōrero, te uaua ki te whakahaere i te manawa me te kōrero. Ka rere ke te kaha mai i te tangata ki te tangata, ā, ka puta mai, ka ngaro atu rānei ngā tohu, ka kaha ake rānei i te wā.

He aha ngā momo dysarthria?

Ka wehewehe ngā tākuta i te dysarthria ki ngā momo rerekē i runga i te wāhanga o tō pūnaha io e pā ana. He tauira ake ōna huringa kōrero, ā, ka āwhina tēnei i tō rōpū hauora ki te mōhio ki te mea kei te pēhea, me te whakarite i te maimoatanga pai.

Ko ēnei ngā momo matua:

• Dysarthria ngākau: I puta mai i te kino o ngā io, e arahi ana ki te kōrero ngoikore, manawa.
• Dysarthria ngākau: I puta mai i te whara o te roro, e arahi ana ki te kōrero pakari, puhoi.
• Dysarthria ataxic: I puta mai i ngā raruraru o te cerebellum, e hanga ana i te rereke o te rāpoi kōrero.
• Dysarthria hypokinetic: E hono ana ki te mate Parkinson, e arahi ana ki te kōrero mā, kotahi tonu te reo.
• Dysarthria hyperkinetic: E whakauru ana i ngā nekehanga kore-whakahaere e pā ana ki te rere o te kōrero.
• Dysarthria whakauru: E whakauru ana i ngā āhuatanga o ngā momo maha.

Ka taea e tō kaiwhakaora reo te whakatau i te momo kei a koe mā te whakarongo marie ki ō tauira kōrero. Ka āwhina tēnei mōhio ki te hanga i tētahi mahere maimoatanga whaiaro e whakautu ana ki ō hiahia motuhake.

He aha ngā take o te dysarthria?

Ka puta te dysarthria ina mutu te hononga noa i waenganui i tō roro me ngā uaua e whakahaere ana i te kōrero. Ka puta pea tenei i ngā āhuatanga io rerekē, ngā whara, ngā take hauora rānei e pā ana ki tō pūnaha io.

Ko ēnei ngā take tino noa:

• Te pēhanga roro, te whara roro rānei
• Te mate Parkinson me ētahi atu mate nekehanga
• Te mate sclerosis maha
• Te mate amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
• Te mate cerebral palsy
• Ngā mate pūngāwerewere roro
• Te mate dystrophy uaua

Ko ngā take iti ake, engari he mea nui, ko ētahi rongoā, te inu waipiro, ngā niho kore pai te whakarite, ngā mate rānei e pā ana ki te roro. I etahi wā, ka taea te wā poto o te dysarthria, ina koa ka puta mai i ngā rongoā, i ngā āhuatanga rānei e taea te whakaora.

I ngā take onge, ka arahi pea ngā āhuatanga ira, ngā mate autoimmune, ngā raruraru rānei mai i te pokanga ki te dysarthria. Ka mahi tō tākuta ki te kimi i te take taketake, i te mea ka nui te pānga o tēnei ki ō kōwhiringa maimoatanga me tō tirohanga.

Nōhea te haere ki te tākuta mō te dysarthria?

Me whakapiri atu koe ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mena ka kite koe i ngā huringa ohorere i te kōrero, i te whakawhanake haere rānei o ngā uaua kōrero i te wā.

Rapua te awhina hauora tere mena ka puta mai ngā huringa kōrero me ētahi atu tohu āwangawanga pēnei i te heke o te mata, te ngoikore o te ringa, te whakapohehe, te mamae nui o te mahunga rānei. Ka tohu pea ēnei i te pēhanga roro, e hiahia ana ki te maimoatanga tere.

Whakaritea he huihuinga noa mena ka pā ki a koe te kōrero ngūngū tonu, ngā huringa reo e roa atu ana i ngā rā torutoru, te uaua rānei ki te whakamārama e te whānau me ngā hoa. Āta whakarongo ki ngā tohu iti, i te mea ka ārahi pea te whakauru wawe ki ngā hua pai ake.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te dysarthria?

He maha ngā take ka piki ake ai tō tūponotanga ki te whakawhanake i te dysarthria, ahakoa te mea kei a koe ngā take morearea, kāore e tino tikanga ka whakawhanake koe i te āhuatanga. Ka āwhina te mōhio ki ēnei take i a koe me tō tākuta ki te tiaki mō ngā tohu wawe.

Ko ēnei ngā take morearea matua:

• Te pakeke neke atu i te 65 tau, ina ka noa ake ngā āhuatanga io.
• Te hītori whānau o ngā mate io.
• Te pēhanga roro, te whara roro rānei i mua.
• Te toto teitei, te mate huka rānei.
• Te inu nui o te waipiro.
• Ētahi rongoā e pā ana ki te pūnaha io.
• Te whakaū ki ngā poizon, ki ngā konganuku taumaha rānei.

Ko ētahi take morearea onge ko ngā āhuatanga autoimmune, ngā whakarerekētanga ira, ngā mate rānei i mua e pā ana ki te roro. Ahakoa kāore e taea e koe te whakahaere i ngā take morearea katoa, ko te pupuri i te hauora pai mā te whakakori noa, te kai rite, me te karo i te inu nui o te waipiro ka āwhina ki te tiaki i tō hauora io.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te dysarthria?

Ahakoa ko te dysarthria anake te pānga ki te kōrero, ka arahi pea ki ētahi atu wero e pā ana ki tō oranga o ia rā me tō oranga katoa. Ka āwhina te mōhio ki ēnei raruraru pea ki te whakarite me te rapu i te tautoko e tika ana ina hiahiatia.

Ko ēnei ngā raruraru tino noa:

• Te wehe atu i te hapori nā te uaua ki te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero.
• Te pouri, te manukanuka rānei mō te kōrero ki te iwi.
• Ngā wero i te wāhi mahi, ngā uaua ki te mahi rānei.
• Ngā raruraru horomi (dysphagia) i ētahi wā.
• Te ngoikore o te whanaungatanga nā te ārai i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero.
• Te hekenga o te kounga o te oranga me te whakawhirinaki ki a koe anō.

Ko ngā raruraru iti ake, engari he kino, ka pēnei pea te ngākau, te mate pneumonia horomi mena ka pā ano ki te horomi. Ka whakawhanake pea ētahi i te pehanga uaua tuarua mai i te ngana ki te kōrero mārama ake, ka arahi pea tenei ki te mamae o te kauae, ki te mamae o te mahunga rānei.

Ko te rongo pai ko te nuinga o ēnei raruraru ka taea te aukati, te whakahaere rānei mā te maimoatanga tika me te tautoko. Ka taea e te rongoā reo, ngā taputapu awhina, me te tohutohu te whakapai ake i tō kaha ki te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero me te pupuri i ngā whanaungatanga whai kiko.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te dysarthria i te kāinga?

Ka taea e te mahi o ia rā me ngā whakarerekētanga noho te whakapai ake i ō kaha whakawhitiwhiti kōrero me te ngāwari ake o te kōrero. Ka pai rawa te mahi o ēnei rautaki kāinga ina whakauruhia ki te rongoā reo ngaio.

Ko ēnei ngā mahi whai hua ka taea e koe i te kāinga:

• Whakamahia ngā mahi reo i tūtohuhia e tō kaiwhakaora i ia rā.
• Kōrero puhoi, āta, tangohia ngā okioki i waenganui i ngā rerenga kōrero.
• Anga atu ki te tangata e kōrero ana koe, kia titiro atu ki ōna kanohi.
• Whakamahia ngā tohu me ngā āhuatanga kanohi hei tautoko i ō kupu.
• Kōwhiria ngā taiao mārama mō ngā kōrero nui.
• Pupurihia tētahi papa kōrero, tētahi taupānga waea atamai rānei.
• Kia makuku tonu kia pai ai tō waha me tō kaki.

Mō ngā mema whānau me ngā hoa, he tino nui te manawanui me te whakarongo. Pātai mō te whakamārama ina hiahiatia, kaua e mahi pēnei i te mōhio, hoatu atu ki te tangata te wā atu ki te whakaatu i ōna whakaaro.

Ko te hanga i tētahi taiao tautoko i te kāinga e whakauru ana i te whakaiti i te haruru papamuri i ngā kōrero me te whakarite i ngā tohu whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ngāwari mō ngā hiahia noa.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō huihuinga tākuta?

Ko te whakarite mō tō huihuinga ka āwhina i te whakarite kia whiwhi koe i te aromatawai tino whānui me te aratohu whai hua. Ka taea e te whakarite pai te whakaora i te wā me te āwhina i tō rōpū hauora ki te mōhio pai ake ki tō āhuatanga.

I mua i tō haerenga, tuhia te wā i kite tuatahi ai koe i ngā huringa kōrero me te āhua o te whakawhānui. Tātaihia ētahi atu tohu kua pā ki a koe, ahakoa kaore pea e hono ana ki te kōrero.

Mauria tētahi rārangi katoa o ngā rongoā, ngā taapiri, me ngā hua hua e inu ana koe. Whakauruhia ngā huringa hou ki tō mahere rongoā, i te mea ka taea e ētahi rongoā te pā ki te kōrero.

Whakaarohia te kawe mai i tētahi mema whānau, i tētahi hoa rānei e taea te tuku i ētahi atu tirohanga mō ō huringa kōrero. I etahi wā ka kite atu ētahi i ngā tauira, i ngā huringa rānei kāore koe e mōhio ana ki a koe anō.

Whakaritea tētahi rārangi o ngā pātai mō tō āhuatanga, ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga, me te mea e tatari ana koe ki te whakawhānui. Kaua e whakaroa ki te pātai mō ngā rauemi mō te rongoā reo, ngā rōpū tautoko, ngā taputapu awhina rānei e āwhina pea.

He aha te mea nui mō te dysarthria?

Ko te dysarthria tētahi āhuatanga e taea te whakahaere e pā ana ki te marama o te kōrero, engari kāore e pā ana ki tō mohiotanga, ki tō kaha ki te mārama i ētahi atu. Ahakoa ka whakapouri pea, he maha ngā tangata e pangia ana e te dysarthria e pupuri ana i ngā whanaungatanga whai hua me ngā oranga mahi mā te maimoatanga tika me te tautoko.

Ko te mea nui rawa atu kia mahara ko te awhina kei reira. Ka taea e te rongoā reo, te hangarau awhina, me ngā rautaki whakawhitiwhiti kōrero tautoko te whakapai ake i tō kaha ki te whakaatu i a koe anō me te hono atu ki ētahi atu.

Ko te whakauru wawe te nuinga o te ārahi ki ngā hua pai ake, na kaua e whakaroa ki te rapu awhina ngaio mena ka kite koe i ngā huringa kōrero. Ka taea e tō rōpū hauora te mahi tahi me koe ki te whakawhanake i tētahi mahere whaiaro e whakautu ana ki ō hiahia me ō whāinga motuhake.

Kia mahara ko te whakawhānui ka roa te wā, ā, ka taea e ngā whakapaitanga iti i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero te hanga i te rerekētanga nui i tō oranga o ia rā. Kia manawanui ki a koe anō, kia whakanuia ngā wikitoria i te huarahi.

Ngā pātai e ui ana te iwi mō te dysarthria

Ka taea te whakaora katoa i te dysarthria?

Ko te tirohanga mō te dysarthria e whakawhirinaki ana ki tōna take taketake. Ka taea te whakapai ake, te whakaora rānei katoa i ētahi take i puta mai i ngā take wā poto pēnei i ngā pānga o ngā rongoā, i ngā mate rānei. Engari, ko te dysarthria i puta mai i ngā āhuatanga io e whakawhānui ana pēnei i te mate Parkinson, te mate ALS rānei, e hiahia ana ki te whakahaere tonu atu i te whakaora. Ka taea e te rongoā reo te āwhina i te nuinga o te iwi ki te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero pai ake, ahakoa kaore e taea te whakaora katoa.

He rite te dysarthria ki te aphasia?

Kāo, he rerekē ēnei āhuatanga. Ko te dysarthria te pānga ki te kaha tinana ki te kōrero mārama nā te ngoikore o ngā uaua, te raruraru rānei o te whakahaere, engari ko ō pūkenga reo me tō mārama tonu. I tetahi atu taha, ko te aphasia te pānga ki tō kaha ki te mārama, ki te hanga rānei i te reo anō. E mōhio ana ngā tāngata e pangia ana e te dysarthria ki te mea e hiahia ana rātou ki te kōrero, engari he uaua ki te kōrero mārama, i te wā e uaua ana ngā tāngata e pangia ana e te aphasia ki te kimi i ngā kupu tika, ki te mārama rānei i te kōrero.

Ka pā pea te dysarthria ki tō kaha ki te horomi?

Ka puta pea te dysarthria me ngā raruraru horomi (dysphagia) i te wā kotahi, i te mea e whakauru ana i ngā rōpū uaua rite. Engari, ko te mea kei a koe te dysarthria kāore e tino tikanga ka whakawhanake koe i ngā uaua horomi. Mena ka kite koe i te uaua ki te horomi, te kohu rānei i te wā e kai ana, e inu ana rānei, whakamōhio atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora tonu, i te mea e hiahia ana tenei ki te aromatawai me te maimoatanga motuhake.

E hia te roa o te rongoā reo kia puta mai ngā hua?

Ko te wā mō te whakapaitanga e rere ke ana rawa atu i runga i te take me te kaha o tō dysarthria. Ka kite pea ētahi i ngā whakapaitanga i roto i ngā wiki torutoru i te tīmatanga o te rongoā, i te wā e hiahia ana ētahi ki ngā marama o te mahi tonu. Ka hiahia pea ngā āhuatanga e whakawhānui ana ki te rongoā tonu hei pupuri i ngā kaha o nāianei, kaua e tumanako ki te whakapaitanga nui. Ka taea e tō kaiwhakaora reo te hoatu i tētahi wā motuhake ake i runga i tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Ka taea e ngā tamariki te whakawhanake i te dysarthria?

Ae, ka taea e ngā tamariki te whakawhanake i te dysarthria, ahakoa kāore i te noa i te hunga pakeke. Ka puta pea te dysarthria tamariki mai i te whānau nā ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mate cerebral palsy, ka whakawhanakehia rānei i muri mai nā te whara o te roro, ngā mate, ngā āhuatanga io rānei. Ko te nuinga o ngā tamariki e whakautu pai ana ki te rongoā reo, ā, ka ārahi pea te whakauru wawe ki ngā whakapaitanga nui i ngā kaha whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i te wā e tipu ana, e whakawhanakehia ana.