He aha te Ate Nui? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te ate nui, e kiia ana ko te hepatomegaly i roto i ngā kupu hauora, ko te tikanga kua nui ake tō ate i tōna rahi noa. E noho ana tō ate i raro i tō taha matau o ō riu, engari ki te nui ake, ka tae atu ki tua atu o taua wāhi, ā, ka taea pea te kite i te whakamātautau tinana.

Kāore tēnei āhuatanga hei mate ia, engari he tohu kei te pā tetahi mea ki tō ate. Whakaarohia te kuiti o te waewae i muri i te whara – e kōrero ana te kuiti kei te hiahia tetahi mea ki te tiaki. Ka nui pea tō ate mō ngā take maha, mai i ngā mate iti ki ngā āhuatanga nui ake e hiahia ana ki te tiaki hauora.

He aha ngā tohu o te ate nui?

He tokomaha ngā tāngata he ate nui kāore e kite i tetahi tohu i te tīmatanga. He tino pai tō ate ki te mahi i tōna mahi ahakoa kei te pēhanga. Kāore pea koe e kite i tetahi rerekētanga i ngā wā tīmatanga.

Ki te puta mai ngā tohu, ka tupu haere pea, ā, ka rite ki ētahi atu take hauora noa. Ko ēnei ngā tohu e kōrero ana pea tō tinana mō te ate nui:

• Te ahua o te makona, te kore rānei e pai te noho o tō puku i runga i tō taha matau
• Te mamae, te ngau rānei i raro i ō riu matau, ina koa ka tango hohonu koe i te manawa
• Te ngenge, te ngoikore rānei i te rā katoa
• Te ngaro o te hiahia kai, te makona wawe rānei i te kai
• Te ruaki, te kore rānei e pai te puku
• Te ngaro o te taumaha
• Te kōwhai o tō kiri, o ngā ma o ō kanohi rānei (jaundice)
• Te pupū o ō waewae, o ō turi, o tō puku rānei
• Te mimi pouri, te tae mā rānei o ngā paru

Ka kite pea ētahi i ngā tohu iti ake, pēnei i te kirika, te kiri ngau, te rerekētanga rānei o te mārama o te hinengaro. Ka rereke enei tohu mai i te tangata ki te tangata, ā, ko te whai i tetahi, te maha rānei kāore i te tikanga kei te nui tō ate.

He aha ngā take o te ate nui?

Ka nui pea tō ate mō ngā take maha, mai i ngā mate wā poto ki ngā āhuatanga hauora roa. Ko te mārama ki ēnei take ka āwhina i a koe, i tō tākuta rānei ki te kimi i te huarahi pai ki mua.

Ko ngā take tino noa mō te ate nui ko ngā mate, te kino e pā ana ki te waiū, me te mate ate ngako. Tātou e titiro ki ngā take maha:

• Te mate ate ngako: He nui rawa te ngako e hanga ana i roto i ngā pūtau ate, e hono ana ki te momona, te mate huka, te kolesterol teitei rānei
• Te mate ate e pā ana ki te waiū: Ko te inu waiū nui tonu ka whakangaro i ngā pūtau ate i te wā roa
• Te hepatitis huaketo: Ko ngā mate pēnei i te hepatitis A, B, C rānei ka pā te mumura ki te ate
• Ngā rongoā: Ka pā pea ētahi rongoā tākuta, ngā whakaora mamae kore-tākuta, ngā taonga rongoā tipu rānei ki te rahi o te ate
• Ngā āhuatanga ngakau: Ka pā te ngakau ngoikore ki te toto e hoki ana ki te ate
• Ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana: Ka whakaeke pea tō pūnaha ā-tinana i ngā pūtau ate
• Ngā mate ira: Ngā āhuatanga i whakawhiwhia mai pēnei i te mate a Wilson, te hemochromatosis rānei
• Te mate pukupuku: Te mate pukupuku ate matua, te mate pukupuku rānei kua hora atu i ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana

Ko ngā take iti ake ko ētahi mate whakauru, mate toto, mate pēnei i te mononucleosis rānei. I etahi wā, me whakahaere ngā whakamātautau maha ngā tākuta hei whakatau tika i te take o te nui.

Nōhea te haere ki te tākuta mō te ate nui?

Me whakapiri atu koe ki tō tākuta ki te kite koe i ngā tohu mau tonu i te taha matau o runga o tō puku, ina koa ki te kino haere ana i te wā.

Rapua te tiaki hauora tonu ki te puta mai ngā tohu nui pēnei i te mamae o te puku nui, te kirika teitei, te kōwhai o tō kiri, o ō kanohi rānei, te pupū nui rānei o ō waewae, o tō puku rānei. Ka tohu pea ēnei tohu i te āhuatanga nui e hiahia ana ki te maimoatanga tere.

He whakaaro nui hoki te haere ki tō tākuta ki te whai koe i ngā take morearea mō te mate ate, ā, ka kite koe i ngā tohu iti rawa. Ka taea e tō kaiwhakarato hauora te āwhina ki te whakatau he hono ana ō tohu ki te ate nui, ki tetahi atu mea rānei.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te ate nui?

Ka piki pea ētahi take i ō tūmanako ki te whanake i te ate nui. Ko te mōhio ki ēnei take morearea ka āwhina i a koe ki te mārama ki tō ahua hauora whaiaro, ki te tango rānei i ngā mahi aukati ina taea.

Ko ētahi take morearea ka taea e koe te whakahaere, ko ētahi atu he wāhanga o tō ira tangata, o tō hītori hauora rānei. Ko ēnei ngā take nui ka piki ai tō morearea:

• Te inu waiū nui: Ko te inu waiū tonu, ina koa te inu nui, ka tino pēhanga ki tō ate
• Te momona: Ka piki te taumaha nui i tō morearea mō te mate ate ngako
• Te mate huka: Ka taea e ngā taumata huka toto teitei te whakauru ki ngā raruraru ate
• Te kolesterol teitei, te triglycerides rānei: Ka taea e ēnei te arahi ki te kohikohi ngako i roto i te ate
• Ētahi rongoā: Ko te whakamahinga roa o ētahi rongoā ka pā ki te mahi ate
• Te whakaū ki te hepatitis huaketo: Te hono atu ki te toto, ki ngā wai tinana kua pangia rānei
• Te hītori whānau: Ngā āhuatanga ira tangata e pā ana ki te ate
• Te tau: Ka noho etahi āhuatanga ate hei mea noa ake i te pakeke

Ko te whai i tetahi, te maha rānei o ngā take morearea kāore i te tikanga ka whanake koe i te ate nui. He tokomaha ngā tāngata he take morearea kāore e kite i ngā raruraru ate, ko ētahi atu kāore he take morearea marama ka kite pea.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te ate nui?

Ko ngā raruraru o te ate nui e whakawhirinaki ana ki te take o te nui me te roa o te kore e maimoatia. He maha ngā take o te ate nui, ina koa ngā mea i kitea wawe, kāore e arahi ki ngā raruraru nui.

Heoi, ki te puta mai te ate nui i te kino haere tonu, i te mate rānei, ka taea e ngā raruraru maha te whanake i te wā roa. Ko ēnei ngā mea pea ka puta mai ki te kore e whakahaerea te āhuatanga taketake:

• Te toka ate (cirrhosis): Ka taea e te kino maha te whakauru i te toka mau tonu e pā ana ki te mahi ate
• Te ngoikore ate: I ngā take nui, kāore pea te ate e taea te mahi i ōna mahi nui
• Te toto nui o te portal: Ka taea e te pēhanga toto nui i roto i ngā oko toto ate te whakauru i ngā raruraru kino
• Te piki o te morearea mate: Kāore pea te ate kua whakangaro i te kaha ki te whawhai ki ngā mate
• Te pupū wai: Te pupū i te puku, ngā waewae, ētahi atu wāhanga rānei o te tinana
• Ngā raruraru toto: Ka hanga e te ate ngā pūtau e hiahiatia ana mō te toto

Ko te rongo pai ko te nuinga o ēnei raruraru ka taea te aukati, te whakahaere rānei me te tiaki hauora tika. He tino kaha te ate ki te ora ina hoatu te wā ki te ora.

Me pēhea te aukati i te ate nui?

Ahakoa kāore e taea e koe te aukati i ngā take katoa o te ate nui, ka taea e koe te whakaiti nui i tō morearea mā te tiaki i tō hauora whānui. Ko te nuinga o ngā rautaki aukati tino whai hua ko ngā whiringa noho e pai ana ki tō tinana katoa.

Ko te mahi nui ko te whakaiti i te inu waiū, te kore rānei te inu ki te nui rawa tō morearea. Ka tukatuka tō ate i te waiū hei pokanoa, no reira ko te tuku i te okioki ka āwhina i te aukati i te nui e pā ana ki te waiū.

Ko te pupuri i te taumaha hauora mā te kai rite me te whakakori tinana tonu ka taea te aukati i te mate ate ngako. Aro atu ki te kai i ngā hua, ngā huawhenua, ngā witi katoa, me ngā pūmua ngawari, me te whakaiti i ngā kai tukatuka me ngā huka tāpiri.

He mea nui hoki te tiaki i a koe i te hepatitis huaketo. Ko te tikanga tenei te mahi i te taangata haumaru, te kore e tutaki i ngā nila, i ngā taonga whaiaro pēnei i ngā reiti rānei, me te whiwhi i te inopu mō te hepatitis A me te B ina tūtohutia e tō tākuta.

Kia tupato ki ngā rongoā me ngā taonga tāpiri, tango noa i te mea e hiahia ana koe, me te whai i ngā tohutohu horoinga. Korero atu ki tō tākuta mō ngā rongoā me ngā taonga tāpiri katoa e tango ana koe, i ētahi whakakotahitanga ka pēhanga ki tō ate.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te ate nui i te kāinga?

Ko te tiaki i a koe i te kāinga he mahi nui ki te tautoko i te hauora o tō ate me te ora. Ko te rongo pai ko te nuinga o ēnei mahi ko ngā mea ka taea e koe te tīmata i te mahi inaianei.

Aro atu ki te kai i te kai pai mō te ate me ngā hua, ngā huawhenua, ngā witi katoa, me ngā pūmua ngawari. Whakaitihia ngā kai tukatuka, ngā inu huka, me ngā kai he nui te ngako makariri. Ko te inu wai nui ka āwhina i tō ate ki te mahi pai ake.

Whiwhi whakakori tinana noa, tika e whakaaetia ana e tō tākuta. Ka āwhina te mahi tinana ki te whakaiti i te ngako ate, te whakapai ake i te ngawari o te insulin, me te tautoko i te hauora ate whānui. Ahakoa te hikoi i te rā ka taea te whakarerekē.

Aukati i te waiū ki te mea koinei te mea e tūtohu ana tō tākuta. Ahakoa ngā iti ka taea te whakakore i te ora ate ina tukinotia ana koe e te ate nui.

Kia tupato ki ngā rongoā me ngā taonga tāpiri. Pānuihia ngā tohutohu, pupuri ki ngā horoinga e tūtohu ana, ā, kaua e tango i ngā hua maha e whai ana i ngā kaiwhakauru rite, ina koa te acetaminophen.

Whakahaerehia te pēhanga mā ngā tikanga whakamahinga, te moe tika, me ngā mahi e pai ana koe. Ka taea e te pēhanga roa te whakaiti i ngā āhuatanga hauora maha, tae atu ki ngā mea e pā ana ki te ate.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui tākuta?

Ko te whakarite mō tō hui ka āwhina i te whakarite ka whiwhi koe i te nuinga o tō wā me tō tākuta. Tīmata mā te tuhituhi i ō tohu katoa, tae atu ki te wā i tīmata ai rātou me te aha e pai ake ai, te kino ake rānei.

Hangaia he rārangi katoa o ngā rongoā, ngā huaora, me ngā taonga tāpiri katoa e tango ana koe, tae atu ki ngā horoinga. Kaua e wareware ki te whakauru i ngā rongoā kore-tākuta me ngā hua tipu, i ēnei ka pā hoki ki tō ate.

Kohikohia ngā mōhiohio mō tō hītori hauora, tae atu ki ngā raruraru ate o mua, ngā mate hepatitis, te hītori whānau rānei o te mate ate. Kia pono hoki ki tō inu waiū – e hiahia ana tō tākuta ki ngā mōhiohio tika hei āwhina i a koe.

Tuhituhia ngā pātai e hiahia ana koe ki te ui ki tō tākuta. Ka uru pea tenei ki ngā pātai mō ngā whakamātautau e hiahia ana koe, te take o ō tohu, ngā whiringa maimoatanga rānei e wātea ana.

Whakaarohia te kawe mai i te mema whānau, i te hoa rānei hei āwhina i a koe ki te mahara ki ngā mōhiohio nui i kōrerotia i te hui.

He aha te mea nui mō te ate nui?

Ko te ate nui ko te huarahi o tō tinana ki te tohu kei te hiahia tetahi mea ki te tiaki, engari kāore i te tino āwangawanga. He tokomaha ngā tāngata he ate nui ka ora katoa me te maimoatanga tika me ngā huringa noho.

Ko te mea nui rawa ko te kite wawe me te maimoatanga ka arahi ki ngā hua pai. He tino kaha tō ate ki te ora i a ia ano ina hoatu te tautoko me te tiaki tika.

Ko te mahi tata atu ki tō rōpū hauora, te whai i ngā tūtohu maimoatanga, me te mahi i ngā whiringa noho hauora ka taea te tiaki i tō hauora ate mō ngā tau maha e haere mai ana. Kia mahara ko ngā huringa iti, mau tonu ka tino pā ki tō hauora whānui.

Ngā pātai e ui pinepinetia ana mō te ate nui

Ka hoki mai rānei te ate nui ki tōna rahi noa?

Ae, i ngā take maha ka hoki mai te ate nui ki tōna rahi noa, ina koa ki te kitea wawe te take taketake me te maimoatia. Hei tauira, ki te kitea wawe te mate ate ngako, te nui rānei e pā ana ki te waiū, ko te mutu i te inu waiū me te mahi i ngā huringa noho ka taea te whakaora i te ate me te whakaiti ki tōna rahi noa. Heoi, ki te nui te toka (cirrhosis), ka mau tonu pea tetahi nui, ahakoa ka taea pea te aukati i te kino atu.

E hia te roa o te ora o te ate nui?

Ka rereke te wā ora nui rawa atu i runga i te take o te nui me te nui o te kino. Mō te mate ate ngako, ka kite pea koe i te whakapainga i ngā pūtau ate i roto i ngā wiki ki ngā marama o te mahi i ngā huringa noho, ahakoa ka roa te ora katoa 6-12 marama neke atu rānei. Ka taea e tō tākuta te aroturuki i tō ahunga whakamua me ngā whakamātautau toto me te whakaahua noa.

He mea nui tonu rānei te ate nui?

Kāore i te mea tonu. Ka taea e te ate nui te rereke mai i te take iti, wā poto ki te tohu o te āhuatanga nui. I etahi wā ka puta mai i ngā raruraru ngāwari ki te maimoa pēnei i te mate huaketo, ngā pānga rongoā rānei. Heoi, he mea tika tonu te tirotiro i te mea ko te maimoatanga wawe o tetahi āhuatanga taketake ka arahi ki ngā hua pai ake. Ka taea e tō tākuta te āwhina ki te whakatau he take āwangawanga tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Ka taea e koe te kite i tō ate nui?

Kāore e taea e koe te kite i tō ate ake, ahakoa kua nui ake, i te mea kei raro i ō riu. Heoi, ka kite pea koe i ngā tohu pēnei i te makona, te kore rānei e pai te noho, te mamae rānei i te taha matau o runga o tō puku. Ka whakaatu pea ētahi i te ahua kei te pēhi tetahi mea ki waho i raro i ō riu. Ki te kite koe i ēnei āhuatanga, he mea tika te kōrero ki tō tākuta, ka taea te tirotiro tika i tō puku.

He aha ngā kai me karo i te ate nui?

Aro atu ki te karo i te waiū katoa ki te tūtohuhia e tō tākuta, i te mea ka tino pēhanga ki tō ate. Whakaitihia ngā kai tukatuka, ngā kai kohua, ngā kai he nui te huka tāpiri, me ngā kai he nui te ngako makariri. Kia tupato hoki ki ngā kai whai i te rino ki te whai koe i ētahi āhuatanga pēnei i te hemochromatosis. Engari, kia kaha ki ngā hua hou, ngā huawhenua, ngā witi katoa, me ngā pūmua ngawari. Ka taea e tō tākuta, te kaiwhakaako kai rēhita rānei te hoatu i ngā tohutohu kai motuhake i runga i te take o te nui o tō ate.