He aha te Kiko Mate? Tohutohu, Take, me te Maimoatanga

Ko te kiko mate, e kiia ana ko te splenomegaly i roto i te reo rongoa, ka puta mai ina nui ake te rahi o tō kiko i tōna rahi noa. Ko tō kiko he kiko rite te rahi ki te ringa e takoto ana i raro i tō taha maui, ā, ko tāna mahi ko te whakakore i te toto me te whawhai ki ngā mate. Ki te nui ake tō kiko, ko te tikanga ko te tinana e kōrero ana ki a koe kei te hiahia tetahi atu mea ki te tiaki.

Ko te nuinga o te iwi kāore e mōhio kei te nui ake tō rātou kiko i te tīmatanga, nā te mea ka tupu haere tonu. Ko te rongo pai, ehara te splenomegaly i te mate, engari he tohu kei te whakautu tō tinana ki tētahi āhuatanga kei raro i te āhua e taea te whakaora.

He aha te kiko nui?

Ka puta te kiko nui ina pupuhi te kiko nui atu i tōna rahi noa, ā, ko te rahi noa ko te 4 inihi te roa. Whakaarohia tō kiko hei pokapū whakahaere kounga o tō tinana mō ngā pūtau toto me ngā pūtau toto ma e whawhai ana ki ngā mate.

Ina nui ake tō kiko, kei te mahi nui ia ki te whakahaere i te wero kei te whakatau tō tinana. Ka taea tēnei e tetahi mea mai i te mate ngāwari ki te mate toto uaua ake. Ka puta te nui nā te mea kei te whakakore te kiko i ngā pūtau toto kino atu i te noa, kei te whakaputa i ngā pūtau whawhai mate atu, kei te whakahaere rānei i te nui o te toto.

Ka taea e tō kiko te nui ki ngā taumata rerekē. I etahi wā, he iti noa te nui atu i te noa, ā, kāore pea koe e kite. I ētahi atu wā, ka taea te nui rawa ka puta ngā tohu e pā ana ki tō ora o ia rā.

He aha ngā tohu o te kiko nui?

Ko te nuinga o te iwi he kiko nui iti kāore e kite i ngā tohu. Ki te puta mai ngā tohu, ka hono atu ki te kiko e pēhi ana ki ngā kiko tata atu, kei te mahi nui rānei ki te whakakore i tō toto.

Ko ēnei ngā tohu tino noa ka kite koe:

• Te mamae, te ngawari rānei i tō puku maui e horapa ana ki tō pokohiwi maui
• Te ngawari te makona ina kai, ahakoa he iti ngā kai
• Te ngenge, te ngoikore rānei e kore e noa ki a koe
• Te mārōngaro ngāwari, te toto nui atu i te noa
• Ngā mate maha, te roa atu rānei o te ora mai i ngā mate
• Te pupuhi e kitea ana e koe i raro i tō riu maui

Ko te mamae o te puku he āhua rite ki te mamae ngawari, ehara i te mamae koi. Ka kite pea koe i te nui ake ina manawa hohonu koe, ina takoto rānei koe ki tō taha maui. Ko ētahi e kōrero ana kei te pēhi tetahi mea ki to ratou puku i roto.

Ka puta ēnei tohu nā te mea ka taea e te kiko nui te whakaki i tō kopu, ka ngawari ai te makona. Ka taea hoki te tango i ngā pūtau toto maha atu i te rere, ka arahi ai ki te ngenge, te mārōngaro ngāwari, te nui ake rānei o te mate.

He aha ngā take o te kiko nui?

Ka taea e tō kiko te nui mō ngā take maha, mai i ngā mate wa poto ki ngā āhuatanga roa. Ko te mārama ki te take ka āwhina i te huarahi tika o te maimoatanga mō tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Ko ēnei ngā take tino noa:

• Ngā mate: Ngā mate huaketo penei i te mononucleosis, ngā mate huakita, ngā mate parāoaiti rānei
• Ngā mate toto: Leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma rānei
• Ngā mate ate: Cirrhosis, ngā āhuatanga atu rānei e pā ana ki te rere o te toto i roto i te ate
• Ngā mate toto: Te mate pūtau sikuru, thalassemia, spherocytosis rānei
• Ngā āhuatanga autoimmune: Te mate rewiti rheumatoid, te mate lupus rānei
• Te kore o te ngākau: Ina kore e taea e te ngākau te pupuhi toto pai

Ko ngā take iti ake engari he mea nui ngā mate metabolic penei i te mate Gaucher, ngā toto i roto i ngā oko toto o te kiko, ngā kōpū me ngā pūngāwerewere rānei. I etahi wā, ka nui te kiko nā te portal hypertension, ka piki ake te pehanga toto i roto i ngā oko e arahina ana ki te ate.

I te nuinga o ngā wā, ko te whakaora i te āhuatanga kei raro ka taea te hoki mai o te kiko ki tōna rahi noa. Ka mahi tō tākuta ki te kimi i te take o te nui o tō kiko kia taea ai te whakautu tika i te take matua.

Nōhea te haere ki te tākuta mō te kiko nui?

Me whakapiri atu koe ki tō tākuta ki te kite koe i te mamae roa i tō puku maui, ina koa ki te hono atu ki ētahi atu tohu whakawehi. Kaua e tatari ki te ngenge nui koe, ki te maha atu rānei o te mate i te noa.

Rapua te awhina hauora tere ki te kite koe i te mamae nui o te puku, ina koa ki te puta mai tēnā. Ka taea tēnā te tohu i te kiko pakaru, he āwangawanga hauora tēnā. Karangatia hoki te tiaki tere ki te kite koe i ngā tohu o te mate toto nui penei i te ngenge nui, te māuiui, te tere o te ngākau.

Whakaritea he hui noa ki te kite koe i te tīmatanga o ngā tohu penei i te ngawari te makona ina kai, te mamae iti o te puku, te mārōngaro ngāwari rānei. Ka taea e ēnei tohu te iti, engari ka taea te whakarato i ngā tohu nui mō tō hauora katoa.

Ki te taea e koe te kite i te mea nui i raro i tō riu maui, he mea tika kia arotakehia tēnā. Ahakoa ehara te kiko nui i te mea kino, ko te kite wawe me te whakaora i ngā take kei raro ka arahi ki ngā hua pai.

He aha ngā take morearea mō te kiko nui?

Ka taea e ētahi take te whakapiki ake i tō tūponotanga ki te whanake i te kiko nui. Ko te mārama ki ēnei take morearea ka āwhina i a koe me tō tākuta ki te tupato ki ngā raruraru pea.

Ka nui pea tō morearea ki te whai koe i ētahi o ēnei āhuatanga:

• Ngā mate toto: Ngā āhuatanga whatumanawa e pā ana ki ngā pūtau toto whero, ki te hemoglobin rānei
• Te mate ate: Ngā āhuatanga roa e pā ana ki te mahi o te ate
• Ngā mate autoimmune: Ngā āhuatanga e whakaeke ana tō pūnaha mate ki ngā kiko hauora
• Te hītori o ētahi mate pūngāwerewere: Ina koa ngā mate toto, ngā mate pūngāwerewere rānei kua horapa
• Ngā mate maha: Ngā mate huakita, huaketo, parāoaiti rānei e puta ana
• Te haere ki ētahi wāhi: Ngā rohe e noho ana te mate malaria, ngā mate parāoaiti rānei

Ka taea hoki e te tau te whai wāhi, nā te mea ka noho ngā āhuatanga e arahi ana ki te nui o te kiko hei mea noa ina pakeke tatou. I tua atu, ki te whai koe i ngā whānau e whai ana i ngā mate toto, i ngā āhuatanga autoimmune rānei, ka nui pea tō tūponotanga whatumanawa.

Ko te whai i ngā take morearea kāore e tikanga ka whanake koe i te kiko nui. Ko te nuinga o te iwi e whai ana i ēnei āhuatanga kāore e kite i ngā raruraru kiko. Heoi, ko te mōhio ki ō take morearea ka āwhina i a koe ki te kite wawe i ngā tohu me te rapu i te tiaki hauora tika ina hiahiatia.

He aha ngā raruraru pea o te kiko nui?

Ahakoa ka whakautu pai te kiko nui ki te maimoatanga, ko te waiho i te kore whakaora ka arahi ki ngā raruraru kino. Ko te morearea tino whakawehi ko te kiko nui ka ngoikore ake ka ngāwari ki te pakaru mai i te whara.

Ko ēnei ngā raruraru matua hei tupato:

• Te pakaru o te kiko: Te hae o te kiko e taea ai te toto o roto e whakawehi ana ki te ora
• Hypersplenism: Ina tangohia e te kiko ngā pūtau toto hauora rawa
• Te nui ake o te morearea mate: Nā te iti o te maha o ngā pūtau toto ma
• Te mate toto nui: Mai i te tango nui o ngā pūtau toto whero
• Ngā raruraru toto: Ina iti rawa te maha o ngā pūtau platelet

Ko te pakaru o te kiko te raruraru tino kino ka taea te puta mai i te whara iti penei i te hinga, te mare rānei. Koia te take i whakahauhia ai ngā tāngata he kiko nui kia kaua e takaro i ngā hākinakina hono, i ngā mahi rānei he nui te morearea whara.

Ka puta te Hypersplenism ina nui rawa te mahi a tō kiko nui ki te whakakore i ngā pūtau toto, te tango i ngā pūtau hauora me ngā pūtau kino. Ka taea tēnei te hanga i te huringa kaore e taea e tō wheua wheua te whakakapi i ngā pūtau kei te tangohia.

Ko te rongo pai, ko te nuinga o ngā raruraru ka taea te aukati me te tirotiro tika me te whakaora i te āhuatanga kei raro e arahi ana ki te nui.

Me pēhea te whakatau i te kiko nui?

Ko te whakatau i te kiko nui ka tīmata ki tō tākuta e kite ana i tō puku i te whakamātautau tinana. Ko te kiko hauora kaore e kitea mai i waho, no reira ki te taea e tō tākuta te kite, ka tohu tēnā i te nui.

Ka tono pea tō tākuta i ngā whakamātautau whakaahua hei whakau i te whakatau me te ine i te rahi o te kiko. Ko te ultrasound te whiringa tuatahi nā te mea kāore i te whakauru, ka whakarato hoki i ngā whakaahua mārama o tō kiko. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā CT scan, MRI rānei mō ngā korero taipitopito atu, ki te hiahiatia te whakakore i ētahi atu āhuatanga.

Ko ngā whakamātautau toto he mea nui ki te mārama he aha te take i nui ai tō kiko. Ka taea e ēnei whakamātautau te whakaatu i ngā tohu o te mate, ngā mate toto, ngā raruraru ate, ngā āhuatanga autoimmune rānei. Ka tirotiro pea tō tākuta i tō maha toto katoa, ngā whakamātautau mahi ate, me ngā tohu motuhake mō ngā mate maha.

I etahi wā ka hiahiatia ngā whakamātautau motuhake atu i runga i ō tohu me ō hua tuatahi. Ka taea tēnā te whakauru i te biopsy wheua wheua, ngā whakamātautau mō ngā mate motuhake, te whakamātautau whatumanawa rānei mō ngā mate toto whatumanawa. Ko te whāinga ko te kimi i te take kei raro kia taea ai te whakautu tika i te maimoatanga.

He aha te maimoatanga mō te kiko nui?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te kiko nui e aro ana ki te whakautu i te āhuatanga kei raro e arahi ana ki te nui. I te nuinga o ngā wā, ko te whakaora i te take matua ka taea te hoki mai o te kiko ki tōna rahi noa.

Ko ēnei ngā huarahi maimoatanga noa:

• Ngā rongoā: Ngā rongoā mō ngā mate, ngā steroids mō ngā āhuatanga autoimmune, te chemotherapy rānei mō ngā mate toto
• Te whakaora i te mate ate: Te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga penei i te cirrhosis, te mate hepatitis rānei
• Ngā whakawhitinga toto: Mō te mate toto nui, te iti rānei o ngā pūtau toto
• Ngā rongoā immunosuppressive: Mō ngā āhuatanga autoimmune e pā ana ki te kiko
• Te rongoā radiation: I etahi wā ka whakamahia mō ētahi mate toto

I ngā wā iti ka arahi te kiko nui ki ngā raruraru kino, ki te kore rānei e whakautu ki ētahi atu maimoatanga, ka hiahiatia pea te tango pokanga (splenectomy). Ko tēnei te tikanga ka whakaarohia anake ina nui ake ngā painga i ngā morearea, nā te mea ko te ora kaore he kiko ka hiahia ki ngā tupato ora mo ētahi mate.

Ka whakaritea tō mahere maimoatanga ki tō āhuatanga motuhake, te whakaaro ki te take kei raro, te nui o te nui, me tō hauora katoa. Ko te nuinga o te iwi ka kite i te whakapai ake ina whakahaeretia tika te āhuatanga kei raro.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i ngā tohu i te kāinga i te wā o te maimoatanga?

Ahakoa ko te maimoatanga hauora e whakautu ana ki te take kei raro, he maha ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi i te kāinga hei āwhina i te whakahaere i ngā tohu me te tiaki i tō kiko nui. Ko te mahi nui ko te karo i ngā mahi ka taea te whara i tō puku.

Ko ēnei ngā huarahi mahi hei tiaki i a koe:

• Karohia ngā hākinakina hono, te kawe i ngā mea taimaha, ngā mahi rānei he morearea whara puku
• Kai iti ake, maha atu ngā kai ki te ngawari te makona
• Okioki ina ngenge koe, kaua e pehi i te ngenge nui
• Kia whakahoutia ngā whakakakahu kia aukati ai i ngā mate
• Whakamahia te horoi pai hei whakaiti i te morearea mate
• Whakamōhiotia ngā tohu hou, te mamae kino rānei ki tō tākuta

Tātai atu ki te aukati i ngā hinga, i ngā aituā rānei i te kāinga. Ka taea tēnā te whakamahi i ngā ringaringa i runga i ngā kaupae, te whakarite i te mārama pai, te tupato atu rānei i runga i ngā papa makuku, ngā papa ngawari rānei.

Ki te mamae tō puku, ko te whakamahi i te wera ngawari, te tango rānei i ngā kaiwhakaora mamae kore-whakahaunga e whakaaetia ana e tō tākuta ka āwhina. Heoi, karohia ngā rongoā ka taea te pā ki te toto, penei i te aspirin, ki te kore e whakahauhia motuhake e tō kaiwhakarato hauora.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō hui tākuta?

Ko te whakarite mō tō hui ka āwhina i te whakarite kia whiwhi koe i te whakatau tika me te mahere maimoatanga pai. Tīmatahia mā te tuhi i ō tohu katoa, ahakoa ngā mea kaore pea e hono atu ki tō kiko.

Kawe mai he rārangi katoa o ō rongoā o nāianei, tae atu ki ngā rongoā kore-whakahaunga me ngā taapiri. Koia hoki, kohikohia ngā korero mō tō hītori hauora, te hītori whānau o ngā mate toto, ngā mate autoimmune rānei, me ngā haerenga hou ki ngā wāhi he mate.

Whakaarohia te tīmatanga o ō tohu me te mea he aha te mea e pai ake ai, te kino ake rānei. Tuhia ngā mate hou, ngā whara, ngā huringa ora nui rānei e tika ana. Ki te whai koe i ngā whakamātautau toto, i ngā ako whakaahua rānei i mua, kawe mai ēnei hua.

Whakaritea ngā pātai ki te ui ki tō tākuta, penei i te take pea o te nui o tō kiko, ngā whakamātautau atu pea e hiahiatia ana, me ngā whiringa maimoatanga e wātea ana. Kaua e whakaroa ki te ui mō ngā herenga mahi me ngā tohu e hiahia ana ki te awhina hauora tere.

He aha te mea nui mō te kiko nui?

Ko te kiko nui ko te whakautu o tō tinana ki te āhuatanga kei raro, ehara i te mate. Ahakoa ka rongo pea tēnā he whakawehi, ko te nuinga o ngā take ka taea te whakahaere tika ina kitea, ina whakaorahia te take matua.

Ko te mea nui hei mahara ko te kite wawe me te maimoatanga tika ka arahi ki ngā hua pai. Ko te nuinga o te iwi he kiko nui ka ora tonu, ka ora hauora ina whakahaeretia tika te āhuatanga kei raro.

Kia tupato ki ngā tohu penei i te mamae roa o te puku, te ngenge kore noa, ngā mate maha rānei, engari kaua e wehi ki te kite koe i ēnei take. Mahi tata atu ki tō rōpū hauora ki te mārama ki tō āhuatanga motuhake me te whai i ō rātou tohutohu mō te maimoatanga me ngā huringa ora.

Me te tiaki hauora tika me ētahi tupato noa, kāore te kiko nui e pā kino ki tō kounga ora. Aro atu ki te whakaora i te take kei raro, te tiaki i a koe i te whara, me te pupuri i te kōrero whakatuwhera ki ō tākuta mō ngā huringa i ō tohu.

Ngā pātai maha e ui ana mō te kiko nui

Ka taea te hoki mai o te kiko nui ki tōna rahi noa?

Ae, i te nuinga o ngā wā ka taea te hoki mai o te kiko nui ki tōna rahi noa ina whakaorahia tika te āhuatanga kei raro. Ko tēnei te mea pono mō te nui e puta mai ana i ngā mate, e oti ana te whakakore me te maimoatanga tika. Heoi, ko te wa mō te whakapai ake ka rerekē i runga i te take ka taea te roa mai i ngā wiki ki ngā marama.

He haumaru te whakakori tinana me te kiko nui?

Ko te whakakori ngawari penei i te hikoi he mea haumaru, engari me karo koe i ngā hākinakina hono, te kawe i ngā mea taimaha, ngā mahi rānei e pā ana ki te whara puku. Ko te kiko nui he ngoikore ake ka ngāwari ki te pakaru mai i te whara. Kōrero tonu ki tō tākuta mō ō herenga whakakori motuhake, nā te mea ka rerekē ngā whakahau i runga i te nui o te nui me te take kei raro.

He aha ngā kai me karo i te kiko nui?

Kāore he kai motuhake e hiahia ana koe ki te karo noa i te kiko nui. Heoi, ki te ngawari te makona, ko te kai iti ake, maha atu ngā kai ka āwhina i te ngawari. Aro atu ki te kai rite e whai hua ana i ngā kai hei tautoko i tō hauora katoa me tō pūnaha mate. Ka taea e tō tākuta te whakarato i ngā whakahau kai motuhake i runga i tō āhuatanga kei raro.

E hia te roa te ora mai i te kiko nui?

Ko te wa ora ka rerekē nui i runga i te take o te nui. Ka taea te whakakore i ngā mate i roto i ngā wiki, engari ka hiahia pea ngā āhuatanga roa ki te whakahaere tonu. Ko ētahi ka kite i te whakapai ake o ngā tohu i roto i ngā rā i muri i te tīmatanga o te maimoatanga, engari ka hiahia pea ētahi ki ngā marama maha. Ka taea e tō tākuta te hoatu i te wa pai ake i runga i tō whakatau motuhake.

Ka taea e te ahotea te arahi ki te kiko nui?

Kāore te ahotea anake e arahi tika ana ki te nui o te kiko, engari ka taea e te ahotea roa te whakaiti i tō pūnaha mate ka nui ake ai tō tūponotanga ki ngā mate ka arahi pea ki te kiko nui. I tua atu, ka taea e te ahotea te whakaiti i ngā āhuatanga autoimmune e arahi ana i etahi wā ki te nui o te kiko. Ko te whakahaere i te ahotea mā ngā tikanga whakamahinga, te moe pai, te whakakori tinana noa ka tautoko i tō hauora katoa me tō ora.